Category: PYTHON

import random

# Global dictionary to store account details
accounts = {}

# Display menu
def display_menu():
    print("\nBank Management System")
    print("1. Create Account")
    print("2. Deposit Money")
    print("3. Withdraw Money")
    print("4. Check Balance")
    print("5. Exit")

# Function to create an account
def create_account():
    print("\n=== Create Account ===")
    name = input("Enter your name: ")
    age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
    initial_deposit = float(input("Enter initial deposit amount (minimum $100): "))
    
    if initial_deposit < 100:
        print("Initial deposit must be at least $100.")
        return
    
    # Generate a unique account ID
    account_id = str(random.randint(100000, 999999))
    while account_id in accounts:  # Ensure no duplicate ID
        account_id = str(random.randint(100000, 999999))
    
    # Store the account details
    accounts[account_id] = {
        "name": name,
        "age": age,
        "balance": initial_deposit
    }
    
    print(f"Account created successfully! Your Account ID is {account_id}")

# Function to deposit money
def deposit_money():
    print("\n=== Deposit Money ===")
    account_id = input("Enter your Account ID: ")
    
    if account_id not in accounts:
        print("Invalid Account ID. Please try again.")
        return
    
    deposit_amount = float(input("Enter deposit amount: "))
    if deposit_amount <= 0:
        print("Deposit amount must be greater than zero.")
        return
    
    accounts[account_id]["balance"] += deposit_amount
    print(f"${deposit_amount} deposited successfully. New Balance: ${accounts[account_id]['balance']}")

# Function to withdraw money
def withdraw_money():
    print("\n=== Withdraw Money ===")
    account_id = input("Enter your Account ID: ")
    
    if account_id not in accounts:
        print("Invalid Account ID. Please try again.")
        return
    
    withdraw_amount = float(input("Enter withdrawal amount: "))
    if withdraw_amount <= 0:
        print("Withdrawal amount must be greater than zero.")
        return
    
    if withdraw_amount > accounts[account_id]["balance"]:
        print("Insufficient funds. Transaction denied.")
        return
    
    accounts[account_id]["balance"] -= withdraw_amount
    print(f"${withdraw_amount} withdrawn successfully. Remaining Balance: ${accounts[account_id]['balance']}")

# Function to check balance
def check_balance():
    print("\n=== Check Balance ===")
    account_id = input("Enter your Account ID: ")
    
    if account_id not in accounts:
        print("Invalid Account ID. Please try again.")
        return
    
    print(f"Account Holder: {accounts[account_id]['name']}")
    print(f"Balance: ${accounts[account_id]['balance']}")

# Main program loop
def main():
    while True:
        display_menu()
        choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
        
        if choice == "1":
            create_account()
        elif choice == "2":
            deposit_money()
        elif choice == "3":
            withdraw_money()
        elif choice == "4":
            check_balance()
        elif choice == "5":
            print("Exiting program. Thank you for using the Bank Management System!")
            break
        else:
            print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")

# Run the program
main()

square = lambda x: x**2
print(square(5))  # Output: 25

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
squared = list(map(lambda x: x**2, numbers))
print(squared)  # Output: [1, 4, 9, 16]

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
evens = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, numbers))
print(evens)  # Output: [2, 4, 6]

from functools import reduce

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
total = reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, numbers)
print(total)  # Output: 10

import requests

response = requests.get("https://api.github.com")
print(response.status_code)  # Output: 200 (if successful)

import math

# Find square root and power
print(math.sqrt(16))  # Output: 4.0
print(math.pow(2, 3))  # Output: 8.0

with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
    content = file.read()
    print(content)

# Handling division by zero
try:
    num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
    result = 10 / num
    print(f"Result: {result}")
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print("Error: Division by zero is not allowed.")
except ValueError:
    print("Error: Invalid input, please enter a number.")
finally:
    print("Execution completed.")

# Create a 2D grid
grid = [[(i, j) for j in range(3)] for i in range(3)]
print(grid)  # Output: [[(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)], [(1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2)], ...]

# Multiplication table
for i in range(1, 4):
    for j in range(1, 4):
        print(f"{i} x {j} = {i * j}")

# Example: Create a list of squares
squares = [x**2 for x in range(1, 6)]
print(squares)  # Output: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

# Example: Filter even numbers from a list
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
evens = [num for num in numbers if num % 2 == 0]
print(evens)  # Output: [2, 4, 6]

def display_menu():
    print("\nShopping List Menu:")
    print("1. Add item")
    print("2. Remove item")
    print("3. View list")
    print("4. Exit")

def main():
    shopping_list = []
    while True:
        display_menu()
        choice = input("Enter your choice: ")

        if choice == "1":
            item = input("Enter item to add: ")
            shopping_list.append(item)
            print(f"{item} added to the list.")
        elif choice == "2":
            item = input("Enter item to remove: ")
            if item in shopping_list:
                shopping_list.remove(item)
                print(f"{item} removed from the list.")
            else:
                print(f"{item} is not in the list.")
        elif choice == "3":
            print("Shopping List:")
            for item in shopping_list:
                print(f"- {item}")
        elif choice == "4":
            print("Exiting program. Goodbye!")
            break
        else:
            print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")

main()

def add_numbers(a, b):
    return a + b

result = add_numbers(5, 3)
print(result)  # Output: 8

def greet(name="Guest"):
    return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet())  # Output: Hello, Guest!

def greet(name):
    return f"Hello, {name}!"

# Calling the function
print(greet("Alice"))

count = 0
while count < 5:
    print(count)
    count += 1

# Example: Loop through a list
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
for num in numbers:
    print(num)

# Example: Use range()
for i in range(5):
    print(i)  # Outputs 0 to 4

age = 18

if age < 18:
    print("You are a minor.")
elif age == 18:
    print("You just became an adult!")
else:
    print("You are an adult.")

# Creating a dictionary
person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}

# Accessing values
print(person["name"])  # Output: Alice

# Adding new key-value pairs
person["city"] = "New York"

# Creating a set
numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 4}  # Duplicate 4 will be removed
print(numbers)  # Output: {1, 2, 3, 4}

# Adding elements
numbers.add(5)

# Creating a tuple
coordinates = (10, 20)

# Accessing elements
print(coordinates[0])  # Output: 10

# Creating a list
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

# Accessing elements
print(fruits[0])  # Output: apple

# Adding elements
fruits.append("orange")

# Removing elements
fruits.remove("banana")

# Looping through a list
for fruit in fruits:
    print(fruit)

Step-by-Step Implementation:
1. Setup Environment
Install required packages:
bash

from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from datetime import datetime

db = SQLAlchemy()

class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    username = db.Column(db.String(100), unique=True, nullable=False)
    password = db.Column(db.String(100), nullable=False)
    expenses = db.relationship('Expense', backref='owner', lazy=True)

class Expense(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    amount = db.Column(db.Float, nullable=False)
    category = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False)
    date = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=False)

from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect, url_for, flash
from models import db, User, Expense

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///expenses.db'
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'your_secret_key'
db.init_app(app)

with app.app_context():
    db.create_all()

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('index.html')

# Additional routes will go here

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

from flask import session, redirect, url_for

@app.route('/register', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def register():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        username = request.form['username']
        password = request.form['password']
        new_user = User(username=username, password=password)
        db.session.add(new_user)
        db.session.commit()
        flash('Registration successful! Please log in.')
        return redirect(url_for('login'))
    return render_template('register.html')

@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        username = request.form['username']
        password = request.form['password']
        user = User.query.filter_by(username=username, password=password).first()
        if user:
            session['user_id'] = user.id
            flash('Login successful!')
            return redirect(url_for('dashboard'))
        flash('Invalid username or password')
    return render_template('login.html')

@app.route('/dashboard', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def dashboard():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        amount = request.form['amount']
        category = request.form['category']
        new_expense = Expense(amount=amount, category=category, user_id=session['user_id'])
        db.session.add(new_expense)
        db.session.commit()
        flash('Expense added successfully!')
    expenses = Expense.query.filter_by(user_id=session['user_id']).all()
    return render_template('dashboard.html', expenses=expenses)

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

@app.route('/visualize')
def visualize():
    expenses = Expense.query.filter_by(user_id=session['user_id']).all()
    categories = {}
    for expense in expenses:
        categories[expense.category] = categories.get(expense.category, 0) + expense.amount

    plt.bar(categories.keys(), categories.values())
    plt.xlabel('Categories')
    plt.ylabel('Amount Spent')
    plt.title('Expenses by Category')
    plt.savefig('static/expenses.png')
    return render_template('visualize.html', plot='static/expenses.png')

import csv

@app.route('/export')
def export():
    expenses = Expense.query.filter_by(user_id=session['user_id']).all()
    with open('expenses.csv', 'w', newline='') as csvfile:
        fieldnames = ['id', 'amount', 'category', 'date']
        writer = csv.DictWriter(csvfile, fieldnames=fieldnames)
        writer.writeheader()
        for expense in expenses:
            writer.writerow({'id': expense.id, 'amount': expense.amount, 'category': expense.category, 'date': expense.date})
    flash('Data exported to expenses.csv')
    return redirect(url_for('dashboard'))

<!-- Example: templates/index.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Expense Tracker</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to the Expense Tracker</h1>
    <a href="{{ url_for('register') }}">Register</a>
    <a href="{{ url_for('login') }}">Login</a>
</body>
</html>