INTRODUCATION

Several development banks are listed on the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE), with varying shares held by the public and promoters. For CORBL, there are 1,575,000 public shares and 3,675,000 promoter shares. EDBL holds 6,123,503 public shares and 6,373,442 promoter shares. GBBL has 27,901,282 public shares and 28,903,893 promoter shares, while GRDBL’s public shares are 2,639,738, with 2,747,482 promoter shares. JBBL’s public shares amount to 21,539,351, and promoter shares total 22,418,509. Similarly, KRBL holds 2,463,867 public shares and 2,564,433 promoter shares. KSBBL has 16,077,708 public shares and 16,733,940 promoter shares.

For LBBL, public shares stand at 11,254,511, while promoter shares reach 23,926,831. MDB’s public shares are 5,445,990, and its promoter shares total 5,668,277. MLBL holds 20,439,461 public shares and 21,273,725 promoter shares. MNBBL has the highest number of shares, with 34,529,997 public shares and 35,939,385 promoter shares. NABBC holds 787,403 public shares and 1,837,273 promoter shares. SADBL has 16,811,760 public shares, with promoter shares totaling 17,497,954. SAPDBL has 2,800,874 public shares and 5,542,511 promoter shares. SHINE holds 23,195,086 public shares and 24,141,825 promoter shares, while SINDU has 2,731,535 public shares and 2,843,026 promoter shares.

THIS DATA IS OF UP TO OCT 4 2024

PUBLIC SHARE

PROMOTER SHARE

BAR GRAPH

DEVEBANK INDEX CHART

THIS CHART IS FROM NEPSEALPHA VISIT NEPSE ALPHA FOR MORE DETAILS

Ankhukhola Hydropower Company Limited (AKJCL) is closing its 1:1.5 ratio right share issue for shareholders at a par value of Rs. 100 today, 16th Bhadra 2081. The issue, which started on 27th Shrawan 2081, involves 150% right shares totaling Rs. 1.2 Arba (12,000,000 units), aimed at raising the company’s paid-up capital from Rs. 80 Crore to Rs. 2 Arba. As of 5 PM yesterday, 39,238 applicants subscribed to 86,69,420 units (Rs. 86.69 crore), covering 72.24% of the total offering. Nabil Investment Banking Limited is the issue manager, and only shareholders as of the book closure date on 1st Shrawan 2081 are eligible.

Chart

Chart: Nepse Trading

The Ankhu Khola Hydropower Project is located in the Dhading District, about 132 kilometers from Kathmandu. It harnesses the Ankhu Khola, a significant tributary of the Budhi Gandaki River. The river’s catchment area is approximately 633 square kilometers, with an average annual water flow of 58.38 cubic meters per second (cumecs). The project is designed to handle a water flow of 34.5 cumecs, which is sufficient to generate electricity with a high probability of continuous operation.

Project Location:

The project is situated between the coordinates of 28°00’00” to 28°00’57” North latitude and 84°54’00” to 84°55’32” East longitude. The intake structure, where water is collected, is located 70 meters downstream from the existing Ankhu Khola Suspension Bridge. The power house, where electricity is generated, is proposed at Rigna Bazaar on the right bank of the river in Sisneri Khet. The project is expected to produce an average of 46.408 GWh (gigawatt hours) of electricity annually. The generated power will be transmitted through a 12 km long transmission line to the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) substation at Dhading Besi.

Background:

The Ankhu Khola Hydropower Company Ltd. (AKHC) has contracted Welink Associates (P) Ltd., in association with Public Consulting Engineers (P) Ltd., to conduct a feasibility study for the Ankhu Khola Hydropower Project in Dhading District.

Objectives and Scope:

The main goal of the feasibility study was to identify the best site for developing a small hydropower project on the Ankhu Khola. The study aimed to confirm the technical and economic viability of connecting the project to the national power grid. It involved selecting and arranging the structures, optimizing the design, and determining the ideal scale for development. The study also included a financial analysis of the project’s costs and benefits.

Capacity and Contribution to the Nation:

Initially, the project was planned to have a capacity of 7.0 MW, but it was later upgraded to 8.4 MW. The project is designed to operate with a water flow of 34.50 cubic meters per second. The electricity generated, 8.4 MW, will contribute to the national power supply.

Chart

Silent Feature of the Feature

Salient Features

A. Location

• Latitude: 28°00’00” to 28°00’57” N
• Longitude: 84°54’00” to 84°55’32” E
• District: Dhading
• VDC: Salyankot and Marpak

B. Hydrology

• Catchment Area: 633 km²
• Snow-Covered Catchment Area: 24 km²
• 40th Percentile Flow: 39.86 m³/s
• Design Flood at Intake: 1213 m³/s (100-year flood)

Head Works:

• Diversion Weir (Gated):
  • Type: Concrete gravity type
  • Crest Length: 41.00 m
  • Ponding Level: 570.40 m
• Approach Canal:
  • Length: 85 m
  • Culvert Slope: 1 in 500, 1 in 1000
  • Size (Width x Depth): 6.00 m x 4.65 m
• Headrace Steel Pipe:
  • Type: Buried steel pipe
  • Diameter: 4 m
  • Thickness: 12 mm
  • Length: 820 m
  • Slope: 1:1,000
• Penstock:
  • Type: Exposed, supported/anchored
  • Total Length: 150 m (3 pipes x 50 m each)
  • Internal Diameter: 2,500 mm
  • Thickness: 12 mm
  • Number of Pipes: 3
• Power House:
  • Type: Semi-underground
  • Size: 48 m x 18 m
  • Height: 15 m from floor level
• River Training Work:
  • Type: Earthen bond with gabion mattress
  • Length: 950 m
  • Width: 3 m at top, with 1:1 side slope
  • Height: 3 m

Power Generation:

• Design Discharge: 34.5 m³/s
• Gross Head: 30.84 m
• Net Head at Design Flow: 27.84 m
• Installed Capacity: 8.4 MW
• Dry Season Energy: 6.737 GWh/year
• Wet Season Energy: 39.671 GWh/year
• Total Energy: 46.408 GWh/year

Access Road:

• Total Length: 7 km
• Road Width with Shoulders: 4.0 m
• Maximum Gradient: 10%
• Cross Slope: 4%
• Design Speed: 30 km/h
• Road Surface: 300 mm thick gravel

Additional Structures:

• Intake:
  • Type: Orifice type
  • Still Level: 568 m
  • Number of Intakes: 5
• Settling Basin:
  • Length of Inlet Transition: 10 m
  • Length of Settling Zone: 60 m
  • Chamber Width: 10 m
• Surge Tank:
  • Type: RCC
  • Diameter: 10 m
  • Height: 15 m
  • Number of Chambers: 3
  • Settling Basin Trapping Efficiency: 90% for 0.20 mm particles
• Tailrace Canal:
  • Type: Trapezoidal (open flow)
  • Width: 10 m for the first 100 m, 20 m thereafter
  • Side Slope: 1 vertical : 2 horizontal
  • Tail Water Level: 539.652 m from MSL
  • Length: 980 m

Mechanical and Electrical:

• Turbine:
  • Type: Francis (Vertical)
  • Number of Units: 3
  • Capacity: 2.8 MW x 3 = 8.4 MW
• Transmission Line:
  • Length: 12 km
  • Type: 33 kV
• Generator:
  • Type: Salient pole, synchronous
  • Number of Units: 3
  • Rating: 3000 kVA
  • Power Factor: 0.85 (overexcited)
  • Frequency: 50 Hz
  • Rated Speed: 300 rpm
  • Rated Voltage: 6.6 kV

Capital Structure

• Authorized Capital: NPR 1,150,000,000
• Issued Capital: NPR 800,000,000
• Paid-up Capital: NPR 800,000,000
• Promoter Shareholding: 75%
• Public Shareholding: 25%

Company Detail 

Main Business Model:

UBS operates primarily through three key divisions:

1. Wealth Management: UBS is renowned for its wealth management services, offering financial planning, investment advice, and personalized solutions to high-net-worth individuals and families. This division helps clients grow and protect their wealth across generations.
2. Investment Bank: UBS’s investment banking division provides a wide range of services, including advisory, capital markets, and trading. It serves corporate clients, financial institutions, and governments, helping them navigate complex financial markets and achieve their strategic goals.
3. Asset Management: UBS manages investments for a broad range of clients, including institutions, intermediaries, and private investors. The asset management division focuses on delivering innovative and sustainable investment solutions across various asset classes.

Company Profile

Company Chart

 

California: The Golden State

California, often referred to as “The Golden State,” is a land of contrasts, diversity, and innovation. Situated on the western coast of the United States, California is the most populous state in the country and boasts the world’s fifth-largest economy if it were a nation on its own. From its stunning natural landscapes to its vibrant cities and groundbreaking industries, California holds a special place in the hearts and minds of people around the world.

Natural Beauty and Geography

California’s geography is as diverse as its population. From the iconic coastline of the Pacific Ocean to the towering peaks of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, the state offers a wealth of natural wonders. In the north, the lush forests of the Redwood National and State Parks are home to some of the tallest trees on earth, while the central valley is a fertile agricultural region known as “America’s Breadbasket.” In the south, the Mojave Desert stretches out with its unique landscapes and Joshua trees.

Cities and Culture

California is home to some of the world’s most famous cities, each with its own unique character and culture. Los Angeles, the entertainment capital of the world, is a sprawling metropolis known for Hollywood, its diverse neighborhoods, and its vibrant arts scene. San Francisco, with its iconic Golden Gate Bridge and steep streets, is a hub of technology, innovation, and progressive culture. Silicon Valley, located in the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area, is the birthplace of many of the world’s most influential technology companies.

Economic Powerhouse

California’s economy is incredibly diverse, with major industries including technology, entertainment, agriculture, tourism, and aerospace. Silicon Valley, home to companies like Apple, Google, and Facebook, drives innovation and technological advancement on a global scale. Hollywood dominates the entertainment industry, producing movies, television shows, and music that are enjoyed around the world. The state’s agricultural output is vast, supplying a significant portion of the nation’s fruits, vegetables, and nuts.

Challenges and Opportunities

While California offers many opportunities, it also faces significant challenges. The state is prone to natural disasters such as wildfires, earthquakes, and droughts, exacerbated by climate change. Issues like housing affordability, homelessness, and income inequality are persistent challenges, particularly in major cities. However, California continues to lead the way in environmental protection, social progress, and technological innovation.

Conclusion

California’s allure lies in its diversity, innovation, and natural beauty. From the rugged coastline to the bustling cities, it captures the imagination of people from all walks of life. As “The Golden State” continues to evolve, it remains a beacon of opportunity and progress, shaping the future not only of America but of the world.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Procter & Gamble: History and Overview

Procter & Gamble (P&G) is one of the world’s largest and most successful consumer goods companies, known for its diverse portfolio of household and personal care products. Here’s an overview of its history and impact:

 

 

Founding Years:

P&G was founded in 1837 by William Procter, a candlemaker, and James Gamble, a soapmaker, in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. The two entrepreneurs, who had married sisters, formed a partnership to capitalize on the rapidly growing demand for soap and candles. Their initial collaboration laid the foundation for what would become a global consumer goods empire.

Early Growth and Innovation:

In its early years, P&G focused on innovation and quality, introducing new products and refining manufacturing processes. One of its early breakthroughs was the introduction of Ivory soap in 1879, which was marketed as a pure and gentle alternative to harsh soaps of the time. This marked the beginning of P&G’s reputation for producing high-quality, innovative products.

Expansion and Diversification:

Throughout the 20th century, P&G continued to expand its product lines and reach new markets. It introduced iconic brands such as Tide laundry detergent in 1946, Crest toothpaste in 1955, and Pampers diapers in 1961. By diversifying its portfolio, P&G became a household name, with products that addressed a wide range of consumer needs.

Global Reach:

P&G’s expansion wasn’t limited to the United States. The company aggressively pursued international markets, establishing subsidiaries and manufacturing facilities around the world. Today, P&G operates in more than 180 countries and serves billions of consumers worldwide.

Innovation and Research:

Innovation has always been at the heart of P&G’s success. The company invests heavily in research and development to create new products, improve existing ones, and stay ahead of consumer trends. P&G’s research facilities, such as the Gillette Innovation Center and the P&G Beauty Research Center, are renowned for their scientific expertise and technological advancements.

Sustainability and Social Responsibility:

In recent years, P&G has increasingly focused on sustainability and social responsibility. The company has set ambitious goals to reduce its environmental footprint, improve the lives of people in its supply chain, and contribute to social causes. Initiatives like the Children’s Safe Drinking Water Program, which provides clean water to communities in need, exemplify P&G’s commitment to making a positive impact beyond its products.

Brand Portfolio:

P&G’s brand portfolio includes some of the most recognizable names in the consumer goods industry, spanning categories such as beauty and grooming, healthcare, home care, and baby care. Some of its well-known brands include Olay, Gillette, Pantene, Head & Shoulders, and Always, among many others.

 

Conclusion:

Procter & Gamble’s rich history, commitment to innovation, and dedication to meeting consumer needs have made it a global leader in the consumer goods industry. From its humble beginnings as a small soap and candle manufacturer in Cincinnati to its current status as a multinational powerhouse, P&G continues to shape the way people live, work, and care for themselves and their families.

Visit Website:PANDG

CHART

Company Financials

 Company profile

Board of Directors

News

Company profile

ARTICLE FROM: CHATGPT

Company Details and History