<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Economy Dashboard</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
background: linear-gradient(to bottom right, #4facfe, #00f2fe);
color: #333;
}
.container {
max-width: 900px;
margin: auto;
padding: 20px;
}
h1 {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 20px;
color: #fff;
text-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}
.card {
background: #fff;
padding: 15px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.card h2 {
font-size: 20px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
color: #007bff;
}
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 15px;
}
.input-group label {
display: block;
font-size: 14px;
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.input-group input, .input-group select {
width: 100%;
padding: 8px;
font-size: 14px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
}
button {
background-color: #007bff;
color: #fff;
padding: 10px 15px;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 16px;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #0056b3;
}
.chart {
margin-top: 20px;
text-align: center;
}
.chart div {
height: 20px;
margin: 5px 0;
background-color: #007bff;
color: #fff;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Economy Dashboard</h1>
<!-- Currency Converter -->
<div class="card">
<h2>Currency Converter</h2>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="amount">Amount:</label>
<input type="number" id="amount" placeholder="Enter amount">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="fromCurrency">From Currency:</label>
<select id="fromCurrency">
<option value="USD">USD</option>
<option value="EUR">EUR</option>
<option value="GBP">GBP</option>
<option value="INR">INR</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="toCurrency">To Currency:</label>
<select id="toCurrency">
<option value="USD">USD</option>
<option value="EUR">EUR</option>
<option value="GBP">GBP</option>
<option value="INR">INR</option>
</select>
</div>
<button onclick="convertCurrency()">Convert</button>
<p id="conversionResult"></p>
</div>
<!-- GDP Calculator -->
<div class="card">
<h2>GDP Calculator</h2>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="consumption">Consumption:</label>
<input type="number" id="consumption" placeholder="Enter consumption">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="investment">Investment:</label>
<input type="number" id="investment" placeholder="Enter investment">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="government">Government Spending:</label>
<input type="number" id="government" placeholder="Enter government spending">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="netExports">Net Exports:</label>
<input type="number" id="netExports" placeholder="Enter net exports">
</div>
<button onclick="calculateGDP()">Calculate GDP</button>
<p id="gdpResult"></p>
</div>
<!-- GDP Growth Chart -->
<div class="card">
<h2>GDP Growth Chart</h2>
<button onclick="showGDPChart()">Show Chart</button>
<div class="chart" id="gdpChart"></div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
// Currency Converter Logic
function convertCurrency() {
const amount = document.getElementById('amount').value;
const fromCurrency = document.getElementById('fromCurrency').value;
const toCurrency = document.getElementById('toCurrency').value;
// Simple conversion rates for demo purposes
const exchangeRates = {
"USD": { "EUR": 0.85, "GBP": 0.75, "INR": 74 },
"EUR": { "USD": 1.18, "GBP": 0.88, "INR": 87 },
"GBP": { "USD": 1.33, "EUR": 1.14, "INR": 98 },
"INR": { "USD": 0.013, "EUR": 0.011, "GBP": 0.010 },
};
const rate = exchangeRates[fromCurrency][toCurrency];
if (rate && amount > 0) {
const convertedAmount = (amount * rate).toFixed(2);
document.getElementById('conversionResult').innerText =
`${amount} ${fromCurrency} = ${convertedAmount} ${toCurrency}`;
} else {
document.getElementById('conversionResult').innerText =
"Invalid conversion.";
}
}
// GDP Calculator Logic
function calculateGDP() {
const consumption = parseFloat(document.getElementById('consumption').value || 0);
const investment = parseFloat(document.getElementById('investment').value || 0);
const government = parseFloat(document.getElementById('government').value || 0);
const netExports = parseFloat(document.getElementById('netExports').value || 0);
const gdp = consumption + investment + government + netExports;
document.getElementById('gdpResult').innerText = `Estimated GDP: $${gdp.toFixed(2)} billion`;
}
// GDP Growth Chart Logic
function showGDPChart() {
const growthData = [2.5, 3.1, 2.8, 3.5, 3.9]; // Example growth rates
const chart = document.getElementById('gdpChart');
chart.innerHTML = ""; // Clear previous chart
growthData.forEach((growth, year) => {
const bar = document.createElement('div');
bar.style.width = `${growth * 20}px`;
bar.innerText = `Year ${year + 1}: ${growth}%`;
chart.appendChild(bar);
});
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Author: admin
Apple Cider Vinegar Poster
Bank Management System Code in Python
import random
# Global dictionary to store account details
accounts = {}
# Display menu
def display_menu():
print("\nBank Management System")
print("1. Create Account")
print("2. Deposit Money")
print("3. Withdraw Money")
print("4. Check Balance")
print("5. Exit")
# Function to create an account
def create_account():
print("\n=== Create Account ===")
name = input("Enter your name: ")
age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
initial_deposit = float(input("Enter initial deposit amount (minimum $100): "))
if initial_deposit < 100:
print("Initial deposit must be at least $100.")
return
# Generate a unique account ID
account_id = str(random.randint(100000, 999999))
while account_id in accounts: # Ensure no duplicate ID
account_id = str(random.randint(100000, 999999))
# Store the account details
accounts[account_id] = {
"name": name,
"age": age,
"balance": initial_deposit
}
print(f"Account created successfully! Your Account ID is {account_id}")
# Function to deposit money
def deposit_money():
print("\n=== Deposit Money ===")
account_id = input("Enter your Account ID: ")
if account_id not in accounts:
print("Invalid Account ID. Please try again.")
return
deposit_amount = float(input("Enter deposit amount: "))
if deposit_amount <= 0:
print("Deposit amount must be greater than zero.")
return
accounts[account_id]["balance"] += deposit_amount
print(f"${deposit_amount} deposited successfully. New Balance: ${accounts[account_id]['balance']}")
# Function to withdraw money
def withdraw_money():
print("\n=== Withdraw Money ===")
account_id = input("Enter your Account ID: ")
if account_id not in accounts:
print("Invalid Account ID. Please try again.")
return
withdraw_amount = float(input("Enter withdrawal amount: "))
if withdraw_amount <= 0:
print("Withdrawal amount must be greater than zero.")
return
if withdraw_amount > accounts[account_id]["balance"]:
print("Insufficient funds. Transaction denied.")
return
accounts[account_id]["balance"] -= withdraw_amount
print(f"${withdraw_amount} withdrawn successfully. Remaining Balance: ${accounts[account_id]['balance']}")
# Function to check balance
def check_balance():
print("\n=== Check Balance ===")
account_id = input("Enter your Account ID: ")
if account_id not in accounts:
print("Invalid Account ID. Please try again.")
return
print(f"Account Holder: {accounts[account_id]['name']}")
print(f"Balance: ${accounts[account_id]['balance']}")
# Main program loop
def main():
while True:
display_menu()
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == "1":
create_account()
elif choice == "2":
deposit_money()
elif choice == "3":
withdraw_money()
elif choice == "4":
check_balance()
elif choice == "5":
print("Exiting program. Thank you for using the Bank Management System!")
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
# Run the program
main()
SOME PHOTO COLLECTION OF NEPAL
CHHYANDI HYDROPOWER ANNOUNCE FOR ITS AGM
hhyangdi Hydropower Company Limited (CHL) has announced its 10th and 11th Annual General Meeting (AGM), scheduled for 5th Poush, 2081. It is going to be held in Agrawal Bhawan, Kamalpokhari, Kathmandu, at 9:00 AM.
AGM Agendas:
Endorsement of Financial Reports:
- Approval of financial reports for 2079/80 and 2080/81 fiscal years.
Auditor’s Report and Financial Statements:
- Discuss and adopt the auditor’s report, profit and loss statements, financial reports, and cash flow statements.
Appointment of Auditor:
- Approve the appointment of the auditor for the fiscal year 2081/82.
Facilities of Board of Directors:
- Review and discuss the facilities provided to the Board of Directors (BoDs).
Authority to Amend Articles of Association:
- Empower the BoDs to make necessary changes to the Articles of Association and include amendments based on regulatory instructions.
Miscellaneous:
- Discuss any other matters that may be necessary.
Book Closure Date:
The date of book closure is set for Mangsir 27, 2081. Shareholders whose names are recorded in the company’s books prior to this date will be eligible to attend the AGM and exercise their voting rights.
This AGM provides an excellent opportunity for shareholders to stay updated on the company’s performance, participate in decision-making processes, and align their views with future strategies at CHL.
Suryodaya Womi Laghubitta Proposes DIVEDENT FOR 2081/82
Suryodaya Womi Laghubitta Bittiya Sanstha Limited (SWMF) has announced a proposed 7% dividend for the fiscal year 2080/81, amounting to Rs. 7.30 crores. This decision was made during the 228th board meeting held on Mangsir 4. The dividend is based on the company’s paid-up capital of Rs. 1.04 Arba.
Breakdown of the Proposed Dividend:
- 6% Bonus Shares:
Worth Rs. 6.26 crores, these shares will be distributed to shareholders, increasing their equity in the company. - 1% Cash Dividend:
Equivalent to Rs. 1.04 crores, this will be provided for tax purposes.
Conditions for Distribution:
The proposed dividend is subject to:
- Approval by the Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB)
- Endorsement by the company’s Annual General Meeting (AGM)
Market Perspective:
As of now, SWMF’s Last Traded Price (LTP) stands at Rs. 830.00, reflecting investor sentiment and market valuation.
This announcement underscores the company’s commitment to rewarding its shareholders while adhering to regulatory requirements. Shareholders can look forward to the dividend distribution after the necessary approvals.
WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY GDP
Gross Domestic Product, or GDP, is the total value of all the goods and services that are produced within an economy country in a certain period of time, like a year or quarter. This is one of the most used measures by economists, policy makers, and analysts for measuring the size and health of economies.
Key Elements of GDP:
Components of GDP:
- Consumption (C): Spending of households on different commodities and services.
- Investment: The money spent in capital goods, like machinery, infrastructure, and technology.
- Government Spending (G): Expenditure by the government on services such as education, defense, and healthcare.
- Net Exports (X – M): A country’s exports minus its imports.
Types of GDP:
- Nominal GDP: This measures at current market prices, with inflation included.
- Real GDP: Adjusted for inflation, providing a more accurate reflection of economic growth.
- Per Capita GDP: The division of GDP by population seems to reflect the average output per person.
Methods of Measuring GDP:
- Production Method: Summing up the value added in each stage of production.
- Income Approach: Adding up all incomes earned by the factors of production, like wages, rents, and profits.
- Expenditure Approach: Adding up spending on all final goods and services.
Importance of GDP:
- Indicator of Economy: It shows the economic performance of a country.
- Policy Decisions: Leads the government in making fiscal and monetary policies.
- International Comparisons: Enables the comparison of economic strength between countries.
- Investment Insights: Helps investors understand the potential for growth of markets.
Limitations of GDP:
- Nonmarket Activities: Does not include unpaid work like housekeeping activities and voluntary services.
- Environmental Impact: Does not take into consideration ecological damages or depletion of natural resources.
- Income Inequality: It doesn’t account for wealth distribution within a country.
- Quality of Life: Not all GDP growth is well-being improvement.
In conclusion, while GDP is an important tool to comprehend economic activity, it must be used in comparison with available indicators for a comprehensive picture of economic health and social progress.
LAMDA FUNCATIONS IN PYTHON
MAP FUNCTION IN PYTHON
FILTER FUNCTION IN PYTHON
Reduce Function (from functools) IN PYTHON
TO DO APP IN PYTHON
def display_menu():
print("\nTo-Do List Menu:")
print("1. Add task")
print("2. Remove task")
print("3. View tasks")
print("4. Save to file")
print("5. Exit")
def main():
to_do_list = []
while True:
display_menu()
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == "1":
task = input("Enter a task: ")
to_do_list.append(task)
print(f"Task '{task}' added.")
elif choice == "2":
task = input("Enter the task to remove: ")
if task in to_do_list:
to_do_list.remove(task)
print(f"Task '{task}' removed.")
else:
print("Task not found.")
elif choice == "3":
print("To-Do List:")
for idx, task in enumerate(to_do_list, start=1):
print(f"{idx}. {task}")
elif choice == "4":
with open("todo_list.txt", "w") as file:
for task in to_do_list:
file.write(task + "\n")
print("Tasks saved to 'todo_list.txt'.")
elif choice == "5":
print("Exiting program. Goodbye!")
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
main()
USING EXTERNAL LIBARIES IN PYTHON
BUID IN MODULAS IN PYTHON
WRITING TO A FILE IN PYTHON
ERROR HANDLING IN PYTHON
# Handling division by zero
try:
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
result = 10 / num
print(f"Result: {result}")
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Error: Division by zero is not allowed.")
except ValueError:
print("Error: Invalid input, please enter a number.")
finally:
print("Execution completed.")
Nested List Comprehension Example IN PYTHON
MULTIPLICATION TABLE IN PYTHON
list Comparison In Python
Program To Manage Shopping List In Python
def display_menu():
print("\nShopping List Menu:")
print("1. Add item")
print("2. Remove item")
print("3. View list")
print("4. Exit")
def main():
shopping_list = []
while True:
display_menu()
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == "1":
item = input("Enter item to add: ")
shopping_list.append(item)
print(f"{item} added to the list.")
elif choice == "2":
item = input("Enter item to remove: ")
if item in shopping_list:
shopping_list.remove(item)
print(f"{item} removed from the list.")
else:
print(f"{item} is not in the list.")
elif choice == "3":
print("Shopping List:")
for item in shopping_list:
print(f"- {item}")
elif choice == "4":
print("Exiting program. Goodbye!")
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
main()
Multiple Parameter in Python
Default Parameters in Python
Defining and Calling Functions in Python
While Loops In Python
FOR LOOPS IN PYTHON
Conditional Statements In Python
Dictionaries IN PYTHON
SETS IN PYTHON
TUPLES IN PYTHON
LIST IN PYTHON
ABOUT US
HOTELS BOOKING IN NEPAL PRMO
FUTSAL BOOKING SYSTEM CODE IN HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Advanced Footsal Booking System</title>
<style>
/* Basic styling */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f0f8ff;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
min-height: 100vh;
}
.container {
width: 90%;
max-width: 700px;
padding: 20px;
background-color: #ffffff;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
h1, h2 {
text-align: center;
color: #333;
}
.form-group {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
label {
display: block;
font-weight: bold;
color: #555;
}
input, select, textarea {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
margin-top: 5px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 5px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
button {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px;
background-color: #28a745;
color: #fff;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 16px;
cursor: pointer;
margin-top: 15px;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #218838;
}
.summary, .history, .ratings, .available-slots, .feedback-container {
display: none;
margin-top: 20px;
padding: 15px;
background-color: #f8f9fa;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 5px;
}
#ratings input[type="radio"] {
margin-right: 5px;
}
.error-message {
color: red;
font-size: 0.9em;
display: none;
margin-top: 5px;
}
.success-message {
color: green;
font-size: 0.9em;
display: none;
margin-top: 5px;
}
.history-list, .slots-list {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 0;
}
.history-list li, .slots-list li {
padding: 8px;
background-color: #e9ecef;
margin-bottom: 5px;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<!-- Title and Image -->
<h1>⚽ Advanced Footsal Booking System ⚽</h1>
<!-- Booking Form -->
<div id="bookingForm">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="name">👤 Name:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" placeholder="Enter your name" required>
<div class="error-message" id="nameError">Please enter your name.</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="phone">📞 Phone Number:</label>
<input type="text" id="phone" placeholder="Enter your phone number" required>
<div class="error-message" id="phoneError">Please enter a valid phone number.</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="date">📅 Booking Date:</label>
<input type="date" id="date" required>
<div class="error-message" id="dateError">Please select a valid date.</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="time">🕒 Time Slot:</label>
<select id="time" required>
<option value="">Select Time Slot</option>
<option value="6 AM - 8 AM">6 AM - 8 AM</option>
<option value="8 AM - 10 AM">8 AM - 10 AM</option>
<option value="4 PM - 6 PM">4 PM - 6 PM</option>
<option value="6 PM - 8 PM">6 PM - 8 PM</option>
</select>
<div class="error-message" id="timeError">Please select a time slot.</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="players">👥 Number of Players:</label>
<input type="number" id="players" placeholder="Enter number of players" min="1" required>
<div class="error-message" id="playersError">Please enter the number of players.</div>
</div>
<button onclick="bookFootsal()">📅 Book Now</button>
</div>
<!-- Booking Summary -->
<div id="summary" class="summary">
<h2>🎉 Booking Confirmation 🎉</h2>
<p id="bookingDetails"></p>
<button onclick="downloadSummary()">📄 Download as PDF</button>
<button onclick="printSummary()">🖨️ Print Confirmation</button>
<button onclick="showRatingForm()">🌟 Rate Your Experience</button>
</div>
<!-- Success Message -->
<div class="success-message" id="successMessage">Booking successful!</div>
<!-- Error Message for Double Booking -->
<div class="error-message" id="bookingError">⚠️ This slot is already booked. Please choose another time or date.</div>
<!-- Rating and Feedback -->
<div id="ratings" class="ratings">
<h2>🌟 Rate Your Booking</h2>
<label>Rating:</label>
<div>
<input type="radio" name="rating" value="1"> 1
<input type="radio" name="rating" value="2"> 2
<input type="radio" name="rating" value="3"> 3
<input type="radio" name="rating" value="4"> 4
<input type="radio" name="rating" value="5"> 5
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="feedback">💬 Feedback:</label>
<textarea id="feedback" placeholder="Write your feedback here"></textarea>
</div>
<button onclick="submitFeedback()">📥 Submit Feedback</button>
</div>
<!-- Booking History -->
<div id="history" class="history">
<h2>📋 Booking History</h2>
<ul id="historyList" class="history-list"></ul>
</div>
<!-- Available Slots -->
<div id="availableSlots" class="available-slots">
<h2>🕒 Available Slots</h2>
<ul id="slotsList" class="slots-list"></ul>
</div>
</div>
<script>
const bookings = [];
let uniqueID = 1;
function bookFootsal() {
clearErrors();
const name = document.getElementById("name").value;
const phone = document.getElementById("phone").value;
const date = document.getElementById("date").value;
const time = document.getElementById("time").value;
const players = document.getElementById("players").value;
// Validate inputs
if (!name || !phone || !date || !time || players < 1) {
showErrors(name, phone, date, time, players);
return;
}
// Check if slot is already booked
if (isSlotTaken(date, time)) {
document.getElementById("bookingError").style.display = "block";
return;
}
// Generate unique ID and calculate cost
const bookingID = `FBS${uniqueID++}`;
const cost = players * 100;
const bookingDetails = `
<strong>Booking ID:</strong> ${bookingID}<br>
<strong>Name:</strong> ${name}<br>
<strong>Phone:</strong> ${phone}<br>
<strong>Date:</strong> ${date}<br>
<strong>Time Slot:</strong> ${time}<br>
<strong>Number of Players:</strong> ${players}<br>
<strong>Total Cost:</strong> NPR ${cost}
`;
// Store booking in history
bookings.push({
id: bookingID,
name,
phone,
date,
time,
players,
cost,
});
document.getElementById("bookingDetails").innerHTML = bookingDetails;
document.getElementById("summary").style.display = "block";
document.getElementById("bookingForm").style.display = "none";
document.getElementById("successMessage").style.display = "block";
updateHistory();
setTimeout(() => document.getElementById("successMessage").style.display = "none", 3000);
}
function clearErrors() {
document.querySelectorAll(".error-message").forEach(error => error.style.display = "none");
document.getElementById("bookingError").style.display = "none";
}
function showErrors(name, phone, date, time, players) {
if (!name) document.getElementById("nameError").style.display = "block";
if (!phone) document.getElementById("phoneError").style.display = "block";
if (!date) document.getElementById("dateError").style.display = "block";
if (!time) document.getElementById("timeError").style.display = "block";
if (!players) document.getElementById("playersError").style.display = "block";
}
function isSlotTaken(date, time) {
return bookings.some(booking => booking.date === date && booking.time === time);
}
function downloadSummary() {
alert("Downloading summary as PDF...");
}
function printSummary() {
alert("Sending summary to the printer...");
}
function updateHistory() {
const historyList = document.getElementById("historyList");
historyList.innerHTML = bookings.map(booking => `
<li>${booking.date} - ${booking.time} (${booking.players} players) - NPR ${booking.cost}</li>
`).join("");
document.getElementById("history").style.display = "block";
}
function showAvailableSlots() {
const slotList = ["6 AM - 8 AM", "8 AM - 10 AM", "4 PM - 6 PM", "6 PM - 8 PM"];
const bookedSlots = bookings.map(booking => `${booking.date}: ${booking.time}`);
const availableSlots = slotList.filter(slot => !bookedSlots.includes(slot));
document.getElementById("slots").innerHTML = availableSlots.join("<br>");
document.getElementById("availableSlots").style.display = "block";
}
function showRatingForm() {
document.getElementById("ratings").style.display = "block";
}
function submitFeedback() {
const feedback = document.getElementById("feedback").value;
const rating = document.querySelector('input[name="rating"]:checked').value;
alert(`Thank you for your feedback!\nRating: ${rating} stars\nFeedback: ${feedback}`);
document.getElementById("ratings").style.display = "none";
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
REACT CODE FOR APPLE LIVE CHART
// TradingViewWidget.jsx
import React, { useEffect, useRef, memo } from 'react';
function TradingViewWidget() {
const container = useRef();
useEffect(
() => {
const script = document.createElement("script");
script.src = "https://s3.tradingview.com/external-embedding/embed-widget-advanced-chart.js";
script.type = "text/javascript";
script.async = true;
script.innerHTML = `
{
"width": "980",
"height": "610",
"symbol": "NASDAQ:AAPL",
"interval": "D",
"timezone": "Etc/UTC",
"theme": "dark",
"style": "1",
"locale": "en",
"withdateranges": true,
"hide_side_toolbar": false,
"allow_symbol_change": false,
"details": true,
"calendar": false,
"show_popup_button": true,
"popup_width": "1000",
"popup_height": "650",
"support_host": "https://www.tradingview.com"
}`;
container.current.appendChild(script);
},
[]
);
return (
<div className="tradingview-widget-container" ref={container}>
<div className="tradingview-widget-container__widget"></div>
<div className="tradingview-widget-copyright"><a href="https://www.tradingview.com/" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank"><span className="blue-text">Track all markets on TradingView</span></a></div>
</div>
);
}
export default memo(TradingViewWidget);
HTML CSS AND JS CODE FOR MACRO NUTRIENT CALCULATOR
FEATURE OF THE CODE
Key Features:
- User Input Fields:
- Weight (in kilograms).
- Height (in centimeters).
- Age (in years).
- Gender selection (Male/Female).
- Activity level selection (Sedentary to Extra Active).
- Custom macronutrient ratios for carbs, protein, and fats.
- Calorie Estimation:
- Calculates Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE) using the Mifflin-St Jeor Equation for Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR).
- Adjusts calorie needs based on user-selected activity level.
- Macronutrient Breakdown:
- Provides exact grams for carbohydrates, proteins, and fats based on calorie distribution and user-defined ratios.
- Validation System:
- Ensures macronutrient ratios (carbs, protein, fats) add up to 100%. Alerts the user if they don’t.
- Dark/Light Mode Toggle:
- Allows users to switch between light and dark themes dynamically.
- Smooth transitions for a better visual experience.
- Enhanced User Interface:
- Visually appealing layout with gradients and shadows.
- Fully responsive design for all screen sizes.
- Animations and Graphics:
- Fade-in effects for smooth page load.
- Emojis for better user engagement and fun.
- Real-Time Calculations:
- Instantly displays results for calories and macronutrients when the form is submitted.
- Customizable Macronutrient Ratios:
- Users can set their own percentages for carbs, protein, and fats to fit specific dietary goals.
- Result Display:
- Clear breakdown of estimated calorie needs.
- Displays carbs, protein, and fat values in grams.
- Interactive Feedback:
- Error messages and alerts to guide the user for valid input.
- Modern UX Enhancements:
- Button hover effects and smooth transitions.
- Accessibility-friendly design with simple navigation.
- Single Page Design:
- All features integrated into one interactive and clean page.
- Mobile-Friendly:
- Fully responsive for use on smartphones, tablets, and desktops.
- Dynamic Theme Update:
- Changes both the background and text colors based on the selected theme.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Macronutrient Calculator</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background: linear-gradient(to right, #6a11cb, #2575fc);
color: white;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
min-height: 100vh;
overflow: hidden;
}
.container {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 10px;
width: 90%;
max-width: 500px;
text-align: center;
box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
animation: fadeIn 2s ease-in-out;
}
@keyframes fadeIn {
from {
opacity: 0;
transform: translateY(30px);
}
to {
opacity: 1;
transform: translateY(0);
}
}
h1 {
font-size: 2rem;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
form {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 15px;
}
label {
font-size: 1.2rem;
}
input, select, button {
padding: 10px;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 1rem;
width: 100%;
}
button {
background: #00d4ff;
color: white;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background 0.3s ease;
}
button:hover {
background: #0066ff;
}
.result {
margin-top: 20px;
padding: 15px;
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 1.1rem;
text-align: left;
}
.result span {
display: block;
margin: 5px 0;
}
.emoji {
font-size: 2rem;
margin: 15px 0;
}
.footer {
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 0.8rem;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>🥗 Macronutrient Calculator</h1>
<p>Calculate your daily macronutrient needs for a healthier you! 🌟</p>
<form id="macroForm">
<label for="calories">Calories (kcal): 🔥</label>
<input type="number" id="calories" placeholder="Enter your daily calories" required>
<label for="carbRatio">Carbs Ratio (%): 🍞</label>
<input type="number" id="carbRatio" placeholder="e.g., 50" required>
<label for="proteinRatio">Protein Ratio (%): 🥩</label>
<input type="number" id="proteinRatio" placeholder="e.g., 25" required>
<label for="fatRatio">Fat Ratio (%): 🥑</label>
<input type="number" id="fatRatio" placeholder="e.g., 25" required>
<button type="submit">Calculate Macros 🧮</button>
</form>
<div id="result" class="result" style="display: none;">
<p class="emoji">✨ Your Results:</p>
<span id="carbs">Carbs: 0g</span>
<span id="proteins">Proteins: 0g</span>
<span id="fats">Fats: 0g</span>
</div>
<div class="footer">💡 Make sure your ratios add up to 100%!</div>
</div>
<script>
document.getElementById("macroForm").addEventListener("submit", function (event) {
event.preventDefault();
// Retrieve input values
const calories = parseInt(document.getElementById("calories").value);
const carbRatio = parseInt(document.getElementById("carbRatio").value);
const proteinRatio = parseInt(document.getElementById("proteinRatio").value);
const fatRatio = parseInt(document.getElementById("fatRatio").value);
// Check if ratios sum up to 100%
if (carbRatio + proteinRatio + fatRatio !== 100) {
alert("⚠️ Ratios must add up to 100%!");
return;
}
// Macronutrient calculations
const carbs = Math.round((calories * carbRatio / 100) / 4);
const proteins = Math.round((calories * proteinRatio / 100) / 4);
const fats = Math.round((calories * fatRatio / 100) / 9);
// Display results
document.getElementById("result").style.display = "block";
document.getElementById("carbs").textContent = `Carbs: ${carbs}g`;
document.getElementById("proteins").textContent = `Proteins: ${proteins}g`;
document.getElementById("fats").textContent = `Fats: ${fats}g`;
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
NEPAL FOREIGN RESERVE REACHES ALL TIME HIGH
According to Nepal Rastra Bank, by the end of the first quarter of the current fiscal year, the country’s foreign exchange reserves have reached more than 16.5 billion US dollars. This is the highest level of reserves in the last 5 years.
As of the end of Ashoj (October) 2081, the total foreign exchange reserves in the country have amounted to 16.6 billion US dollars, which is an 8.7% increase compared to the same period last year. The total foreign exchange reserves, valued at NPR 20 trillion 41 billion 100 million as of the end of Asar (July) 2081, increased by 9.4%, reaching NPR 22 trillion 32 billion 280 million by the end of Ashoj.
Of the total foreign exchange reserves, the reserves held by Nepal Rastra Bank have increased by 7.5% to reach NPR 19 trillion 88 billion by the end of Ashoj 2081, up from NPR 18 trillion 48 billion 550 million at the end of Asar. Foreign exchange reserves held by banks and financial institutions (excluding Nepal Rastra Bank) increased by 26.9% to reach NPR 2 trillion 44 billion 270 million, compared to NPR 1 trillion 92 billion 550 million at the end of Asar.
The share of Indian currency in the total foreign exchange reserves as of the end of Ashoj 2081 stands at 21.9%.
G CLASS COMPANIES IN NEPSE
Company Data Table
| SN | Name | Symbol | Status | Sector | Class | Instrument |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 101 | Sagarmatha Jalabidhyut Company Limited | SMJC | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 102 | Aatmanirbhar Laghubitta Bittitya Sanstha Limited | ANLB | Active | Microfinance | G | Equity |
| 103 | Makar Jitumaya Suri Hydropower Ltd | MAKAR | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 104 | MaiKhola Hydropower Limited | MKHL | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 105 | Dolti Power Company Ltd. | DOLTI | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 106 | Bhugol Energy Development Company Ltd | BEDC | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 107 | CITY HOTEL LIMITED | CITY | Active | Hotels And Tourism | G | Equity |
| 108 | Menchhiyam Hydro Power Ltd | MCHL | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 109 | Ingwa Hydropower Limited | IHL | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 110 | Modi Energy Limited | MEL | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 111 | Rawa Energy Development Ltd. | RAWA | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 112 | Nepal Republic Media Ltd | NRM | Active | Others | G | Equity |
| 113 | I.M.E. Life Insurance company Limited | ILI | Active | Life Insurance | G | Equity |
| 114 | Upper Syange Hydropower Limited | USHL | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 115 | Ghorahi Cement Industry Limited | GCIL | Active | Manufacturing And Processing | G | Equity |
| 116 | Three Star Hydropower Ltd | TSHL | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 117 | Kutheli Bukhari Small Hydropower Ltd | KBSH | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
| 118 | Reliable Nepal Life Insurance Ltd | RNLI | Active | Life Insurance | G | Equity |
| 119 | Sun Nepal Life Insurance Company Limited | SNLI | Active | Life Insurance | G | Equity |
| 120 | Manakamana Engineering Hydropower Limited | MEHL | Active | Hydro Power | G | Equity |
NEPSE SUMMARY NOV 19 2024
SUMMARY
Market Summary
Total Turnover Rs: 10,468,320,521.90
Total Traded Shares:
Total Transactions: 105,827
Total Scrips Traded: 310
Total Market Capitalization Rs: 4,303,441,758,210.3
Total Float Market Capitalization Rs: 1,518,727,189,502.1
GAINER
Top Gainers 💹
| Symbol | LTP | Pt. Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| ANLB 🏆 | 5,226.00 | +475.00 | +10.00% |
| NABBC 💼 | 1,106.00 | +75.00 | +7.27% |
| GLBSL 📊 | 2,913.00 | +160.80 | +5.84% |
| UNLB 📈 | 3,160.00 | +161.00 | +5.37% |
| PFL 🔥 | 773.00 | +30.00 | +4.04% |
| SRBLD83 🏅 | 1,122.00 | +40.90 | +3.78% |
| MLBS 📈 | 2,288.00 | +83.00 | +3.76% |
| ILBS 💹 | 1,090.00 | +37.00 | +3.51% |
| HURJA ⚡ | 243.00 | +8.00 | +3.40% |
| NIBLSTF 🔍 | 9.00 | +0.25 | +2.86% |
LOSER
Top Losers 📉
| Symbol | LTP | Pt. Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| NGPL 💥 | 518.20 | -52.80 | -9.25% |
| SFCL 💣 | 800.00 | -74.80 | -8.55% |
| JFL ⚡ | 974.90 | -87.10 | -8.20% |
| DLBS 🧨 | 1,599.00 | -138.00 | -7.94% |
| MHCL 🚨 | 435.00 | -32.00 | -6.85% |
| MKHL ⚠️ | 557.10 | -40.90 | -6.84% |
| NWCL ⚠️ | 1,038.80 | -75.10 | -6.74% |
| PHCL 💢 | 590.00 | -42.00 | -6.65% |
| GMFBS ❌ | 1,760.00 | -123.10 | -6.54% |
| BHDC 🔻 | 640.00 | -39.90 | -5.87% |
TOP TURNOVER
Turnover 💰
| Symbol | Turnover | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| NGPL 💥 | 466,899,805.77 | 518.20 |
| SFCL 💣 | 290,862,061.60 | 800.00 |
| PFL ⚡ | 249,274,171.60 | 773.00 |
| PHCL 🧨 | 239,482,270.30 | 590.00 |
| SHEL 🚨 | 237,535,474.70 | 267.00 |
| HURJA ⚠️ | 209,600,277.50 | 243.00 |
| JFL 🔻 | 198,415,478.20 | 974.90 |
| NFS 💥 | 157,237,550.60 | 1,468.00 |
| SAPDBL 💎 | 148,349,124.30 | 772.10 |
| HRL 🌟 | 147,541,998.70 | 866.00 |
TOP VOLUME
Top Volume 📊
| Symbol | Shares Traded | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| NGPL 💥 | 888,319 | 518.20 |
| HURJA ⚡ | 874,253 | 243.00 |
| SHEL 🚨 | 869,587 | 267.00 |
| HIDCLP 🌟 | 759,880 | 177.90 |
| SAEF 💡 | 475,261 | 11.23 |
| PHCL 💣 | 402,032 | 590.00 |
| AKJCL 🔥 | 365,848 | 211.50 |
| SFCL 💎 | 348,475 | 800.00 |
| NICBF 💥 | 343,116 | 10.02 |
| PFL ⚡ | 322,179 | 773.00 |
TOP TRANSACTION
Top Transactions 💸
| Symbol | No. of Transactions | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| NGPL 💥 | 2,570 | 518.20 |
| HURJA ⚡ | 2,384 | 243.00 |
| SFCL 💎 | 2,225 | 800.00 |
| SHEL 🚨 | 2,211 | 267.00 |
| PFL ⚡ | 1,977 | 773.00 |
| HRL 🌟 | 1,744 | 866.00 |
| SAHAS 🔥 | 1,235 | 530.10 |
| JFL 💥 | 1,212 | 974.90 |
| PHCL 💡 | 1,203 | 590.00 |
| NIFRA 🚀 | 1,093 | 273.50 |
260 MOSTLY USED PROGRAM CODE IN PHP
<?php
// ============================
// 1. Simple Calculator
// ============================
function calculator($a, $b, $operation) {
switch($operation) {
case 'add':
return $a + $b;
case 'subtract':
return $a - $b;
case 'multiply':
return $a * $b;
case 'divide':
return $a / $b;
default:
return "Invalid operation!";
}
}
// ============================
// 2. Todo List
// ============================
$todolist = array("Buy groceries", "Complete homework", "Read a book");
echo "Todo List: <br>";
foreach ($todolist as $task) {
echo $task . "<br>";
}
// ============================
// 3. Login System
// ============================
session_start();
function login($username, $password) {
$users = [
'admin' => 'password123',
'user' => 'pass456'
];
if (isset($users[$username]) && $users[$username] == $password) {
$_SESSION['logged_in'] = true;
echo "Logged in successfully!";
} else {
echo "Invalid login details!";
}
}
// ============================
// 4. Basic Contact Form
// ============================
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
echo "Thank you, $name! We have received your message.";
}
?>
<form method="post" action="">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
// ============================
// 5. File Upload
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
if (isset($_FILES['file'])) {
$fileName = $_FILES['file']['name'];
move_uploaded_file($_FILES['file']['tmp_name'], "uploads/$fileName");
echo "File uploaded successfully!";
}
}
?>
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Upload file: <input type="file" name="file"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload">
</form>
// ============================
// 6. Simple Blog
// ============================
$blogPosts = [
['title' => 'First Post', 'content' => 'This is the first post content.'],
['title' => 'Second Post', 'content' => 'This is the second post content.']
];
foreach ($blogPosts as $post) {
echo "<h2>{$post['title']}</h2>";
echo "<p>{$post['content']}</p>";
}
// ============================
// 7. Search Engine
// ============================
$database = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "date", "elderberry"];
if (isset($_POST['search'])) {
$term = $_POST['search'];
$results = array_filter($database, function($item) use ($term) {
return strpos($item, $term) !== false;
});
echo "Results: <br>";
foreach ($results as $result) {
echo $result . "<br>";
}
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Search: <input type="text" name="search"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Search">
</form>
// ============================
// 8. Comment System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$comment = $_POST['comment'];
echo "You commented: $comment";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Comment: <textarea name="comment"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
// ============================
// 9. Simple Poll
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
echo "Thank you for voting for: $vote!";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
What is your favorite fruit?<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Apple"> Apple<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Banana"> Banana<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Cherry"> Cherry<br>
<input type="submit" value="Vote">
</form>
// ============================
// 10. Image Gallery
// ============================
$images = scandir('gallery');
foreach ($images as $image) {
if ($image != '.' && $image != '..') {
echo "<img src='gallery/$image' width='200' height='200'><br>";
}
}
// ============================
// 11. Chat Application (Simple Version)
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$message = $_POST['message'];
$_SESSION['messages'][] = $message;
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send">
</form>
<h3>Chat History:</h3>
<?php
if (isset($_SESSION['messages'])) {
foreach ($_SESSION['messages'] as $msg) {
echo "$msg<br>";
}
}
?>
// ============================
// 12. Registration System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
// Here, save the data to a database or file.
echo "User $username registered successfully!";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Username: <input type="text" name="username"><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Register">
</form>
// ============================
// 13. Newsletter Subscription
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$email = $_POST['email'];
// Here, save the email to a database or mailing list.
echo "You have been subscribed with email: $email";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Email: <input type="email" name="email"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Subscribe">
</form>
// ============================
// 14. Feedback Form
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$feedback = $_POST['feedback'];
echo "Thank you for your feedback: $feedback";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Feedback: <textarea name="feedback"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
// ============================
// 15. Task Management System
// ============================
$tasks = [
['task' => 'Do laundry', 'status' => 'Pending'],
['task' => 'Buy groceries', 'status' => 'Completed']
];
echo "<h3>Task List</h3>";
foreach ($tasks as $task) {
echo "{$task['task']} - {$task['status']}<br>";
}
// ============================
// 16. Password Strength Checker
// ============================
function checkPasswordStrength($password) {
if (strlen($password) < 8) {
return "Weak password";
} elseif (preg_match('/[A-Z]/', $password) && preg_match('/[a-z]/', $password) && preg_match('/[0-9]/', $password)) {
return "Strong password";
}
return "Moderate password";
}
echo checkPasswordStrength('password123'); // Example output: "Moderate password"
// ============================
// 17. Weather Report (Using API)
// ============================
$city = 'London';
$apiKey = 'your_api_key';
$weatherData = file_get_contents("https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=$city&appid=$apiKey");
$weather = json_decode($weatherData, true);
echo "Weather in $city: " . $weather['weather'][0]['description'];
// ============================
// 18. URL Shortener
// ============================
function shortenUrl($url) {
return substr(md5($url), 0, 6);
}
echo "Shortened URL: " . shortenUrl("https://example.com");
// ============================
// 19. Currency Converter
// ============================
$exchangeRate = 0.85; // Example: USD to EUR
$amount = 100;
$convertedAmount = $amount * $exchangeRate;
echo "$$amount USD is €$convertedAmount EUR";
// ============================
// 20. Birthday Reminder
// ============================
$birthdays = [
'John' => '1990-12-25',
'Jane' => '1985-07-15'
];
foreach ($birthdays as $name => $date) {
echo "$name's birthday is on $date.<br>";
}
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 40. Simple E-commerce Cart
// ============================
$products = [
['name' => 'Laptop', 'price' => 1000],
['name' => 'Phone', 'price' => 500],
['name' => 'Headphones', 'price' => 100]
];
$total = 0;
echo "<h3>Shopping Cart</h3>";
foreach ($products as $product) {
echo $product['name'] . " - $" . $product['price'] . "<br>";
$total += $product['price'];
}
echo "Total: $" . $total;
// ============================
// 41. User Registration with Email Verification
// ============================
function sendVerificationEmail($email) {
// Send email using mail() function
echo "Verification email sent to $email";
}
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$email = $_POST['email'];
sendVerificationEmail($email);
echo "User registered successfully!";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Email: <input type="email" name="email"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Register">
</form>
// ============================
// 42. Online Poll with Multiple Options
// ============================
$pollOptions = ['Yes', 'No', 'Maybe'];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
echo "You voted for: $vote";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Do you like PHP?
<?php foreach ($pollOptions as $option) : ?>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="<?= $option ?>"><?= $option ?><br>
<?php endforeach; ?>
<input type="submit" value="Vote">
</form>
// ============================
// 43. Simple To-Do List with Database
// ============================
$tasks = [
['task' => 'Clean the house', 'completed' => false],
['task' => 'Buy groceries', 'completed' => true]
];
echo "<h3>Task List</h3>";
foreach ($tasks as $task) {
echo $task['task'] . ($task['completed'] ? ' (Completed)' : ' (Pending)') . "<br>";
}
// ============================
// 44. Simple Feedback System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$feedback = $_POST['feedback'];
echo "Feedback received: $feedback";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Feedback: <textarea name="feedback"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Feedback">
</form>
// ============================
// 45. File Management System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$filename = $_POST['filename'];
if (file_exists($filename)) {
$content = file_get_contents($filename);
echo "File contents: $content";
} else {
echo "File does not exist!";
}
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Enter filename: <input type="text" name="filename"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Read File">
</form>
// ============================
// 46. Simple Chatbot
// ============================
function chatbotResponse($input) {
$responses = [
'hello' => 'Hi there!',
'how are you' => 'I\'m doing great, thanks!',
'bye' => 'Goodbye!'
];
return isset($responses[strtolower($input)]) ? $responses[strtolower($input)] : "I don't understand.";
}
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$userInput = $_POST['input'];
echo "Bot: " . chatbotResponse($userInput);
}
?>
<form method="POST">
You: <input type="text" name="input"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send">
</form>
// ============================
// 47. Currency Conversion System
// ============================
$currencyRates = ['USD' => 1, 'EUR' => 0.85, 'GBP' => 0.75];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$amount = $_POST['amount'];
$fromCurrency = $_POST['from_currency'];
$toCurrency = $_POST['to_currency'];
$convertedAmount = $amount * $currencyRates[$toCurrency] / $currencyRates[$fromCurrency];
echo "$amount $fromCurrency = $convertedAmount $toCurrency";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Amount: <input type="number" name="amount"><br>
From:
<select name="from_currency">
<option value="USD">USD</option>
<option value="EUR">EUR</option>
<option value="GBP">GBP</option>
</select><br>
To:
<select name="to_currency">
<option value="USD">USD</option>
<option value="EUR">EUR</option>
<option value="GBP">GBP</option>
</select><br>
<input type="submit" value="Convert">
</form>
// ============================
// 48. Simple CMS (Content Management System)
// ============================
$pages = [
'home' => 'Welcome to our website!',
'about' => 'We are a tech company.',
'contact' => 'Contact us at contact@example.com.'
];
$page = isset($_GET['page']) ? $_GET['page'] : 'home';
echo "<h2>{$pages[$page]}</h2>";
echo "<a href='?page=home'>Home</a> | <a href='?page=about'>About</a> | <a href='?page=contact'>Contact</a>";
// ============================
// 49. User Authentication System
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
// Dummy users
$users = [
'admin' => 'admin123',
'user' => 'user123'
];
if (isset($users[$username]) && $users[$username] == $password) {
$_SESSION['username'] = $username;
echo "Welcome, $username!";
} else {
echo "Invalid login details!";
}
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Username: <input type="text" name="username"><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Login">
</form>
// ============================
// 50. Guestbook
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
echo "<strong>$name</strong>: $message<br>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Sign Guestbook">
</form>
// ============================
// 51. Image Slider
// ============================
$images = ['img1.jpg', 'img2.jpg', 'img3.jpg'];
echo "<div id='slider'>";
foreach ($images as $image) {
echo "<img src='$image' alt='Slider Image' />";
}
echo "</div>";
?>
// ============================
// 52. Blog with Pagination
// ============================
$posts = [
'Post 1' => 'This is the first post.',
'Post 2' => 'This is the second post.',
'Post 3' => 'This is the third post.',
'Post 4' => 'This is the fourth post.',
];
$limit = 2; // Posts per page
$page = isset($_GET['page']) ? $_GET['page'] : 1;
$start = ($page - 1) * $limit;
$end = $start + $limit;
echo "<h2>Blog</h2>";
for ($i = $start; $i < $end; $i++) {
if (isset($posts[$i])) {
echo "<h3>{$posts[$i]}</h3>";
}
}
echo "<div>Pages: ";
for ($i = 1; $i <= ceil(count($posts) / $limit); $i++) {
echo "<a href='?page=$i'>$i</a> ";
}
echo "</div>";
?>
// ============================
// 53. File Encryption and Decryption
// ============================
function encrypt($data) {
return base64_encode($data);
}
function decrypt($data) {
return base64_decode($data);
}
$data = "Hello World!";
$encrypted = encrypt($data);
$decrypted = decrypt($encrypted);
echo "Original Data: $data<br>";
echo "Encrypted Data: $encrypted<br>";
echo "Decrypted Data: $decrypted<br>";
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 54. URL Shortener
// ============================
function shortenUrl($url) {
return base64_encode($url);
}
function expandUrl($shortenedUrl) {
return base64_decode($shortenedUrl);
}
$url = "https://www.example.com";
$shortened = shortenUrl($url);
$expanded = expandUrl($shortened);
echo "Original URL: $url<br>";
echo "Shortened URL: $shortened<br>";
echo "Expanded URL: $expanded<br>";
?>
// ============================
// 55. Weather API Integration
// ============================
$apiKey = "YOUR_API_KEY";
$city = "London";
$url = "http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=$city&appid=$apiKey";
$response = file_get_contents($url);
$data = json_decode($response, true);
echo "Weather in $city: " . $data['weather'][0]['description'] . "<br>";
echo "Temperature: " . ($data['main']['temp'] - 273.15) . "°C<br>";
// ============================
// 56. Admin Dashboard
// ============================
echo "<h1>Admin Dashboard</h1>";
$stats = [
'Total Users' => 1200,
'Active Users' => 800,
'Pending Orders' => 30
];
foreach ($stats as $key => $value) {
echo "$key: $value<br>";
}
// ============================
// 57. News Aggregator
// ============================
$news = [
'Breaking News: PHP is awesome!',
'New PHP 8 Features Announced',
'How to Learn PHP in 30 Days'
];
echo "<h3>Latest News</h3>";
foreach ($news as $item) {
echo "$item<br>";
}
// ============================
// 58. Subscription Form
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$email = $_POST['email'];
echo "Thank you for subscribing! We will send updates to $email.";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Enter your email: <input type="email" name="email"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Subscribe">
</form>
// ============================
// 59. Poll Voting System with Results
// ============================
$options = ['Option 1', 'Option 2', 'Option 3'];
$votes = [0, 0, 0];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
$votes[$vote]++;
}
echo "<h3>Poll Results</h3>";
foreach ($options as $index => $option) {
echo "$option: " . $votes[$index] . " votes<br>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
<p>Vote for your favorite option:</p>
<?php foreach ($options as $index => $option) : ?>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="<?= $index ?>"><?= $option ?><br>
<?php endforeach; ?>
<input type="submit" value="Vote">
</form>
// ============================
// 60. Task Management System
// ============================
$tasks = [
['task' => 'Finish homework', 'completed' => false],
['task' => 'Buy groceries', 'completed' => true],
];
echo "<h3>Task List</h3>";
foreach ($tasks as $task) {
echo $task['task'] . ($task['completed'] ? ' (Completed)' : ' (Pending)') . "<br>";
}
// ============================
// 61. Simple Blog with Comments
// ============================
$posts = [
['title' => 'My First Post', 'content' => 'This is the content of the first post.', 'comments' => []],
['title' => 'Another Post', 'content' => 'Content for the second post.', 'comments' => ['Great post!', 'Very informative.']],
];
foreach ($posts as $post) {
echo "<h2>" . $post['title'] . "</h2>";
echo "<p>" . $post['content'] . "</p>";
echo "<h3>Comments:</h3>";
foreach ($post['comments'] as $comment) {
echo "<p>$comment</p>";
}
}
// ============================
// 62. Appointment Scheduling System
// ============================
$appointments = [
['date' => '2024-11-30', 'time' => '10:00 AM', 'client' => 'John Doe'],
['date' => '2024-12-01', 'time' => '2:00 PM', 'client' => 'Jane Smith'],
];
echo "<h3>Upcoming Appointments</h3>";
foreach ($appointments as $appointment) {
echo $appointment['date'] . " " . $appointment['time'] . " - " . $appointment['client'] . "<br>";
}
// ============================
// 63. Product Review System
// ============================
$product = 'Laptop';
$reviews = [
['user' => 'Alice', 'rating' => 4, 'comment' => 'Great product!'],
['user' => 'Bob', 'rating' => 5, 'comment' => 'Excellent quality!'],
];
echo "<h3>Reviews for $product</h3>";
foreach ($reviews as $review) {
echo $review['user'] . " rated: " . $review['rating'] . "/5<br>";
echo "Comment: " . $review['comment'] . "<br><br>";
}
// ============================
// 64. Feedback System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
echo "Thank you for your feedback, $name. Your message: $message";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Your Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Your Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Feedback">
</form>
// ============================
// 65. File Upload System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_FILES['file'])) {
$target_dir = "uploads/";
$target_file = $target_dir . basename($_FILES['file']['name']);
if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['file']['tmp_name'], $target_file)) {
echo "The file " . basename($_FILES['file']['name']) . " has been uploaded.";
} else {
echo "Sorry, there was an error uploading your file.";
}
}
?>
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Select file: <input type="file" name="file"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload File">
</form>
// ============================
// 66. Simple Quiz App
// ============================
$questions = [
'What is the capital of France?' => ['Paris', 'London', 'Berlin', 0],
'What is 2 + 2?' => ['3', '4', '5', 1],
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$score = 0;
foreach ($_POST['answers'] as $index => $answer) {
if ($answer == $questions[$index][3]) {
$score++;
}
}
echo "Your score: $score/" . count($questions);
}
?>
<form method="POST">
<?php foreach ($questions as $question => $options) : ?>
<p><?= $question ?></p>
<?php foreach (array_slice($options, 0, 3) as $index => $option) : ?>
<input type="radio" name="answers[<?= $question ?>]" value="<?= $index ?>"><?= $option ?><br>
<?php endforeach; ?>
<?php endforeach; ?>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
// ============================
// 67. Contact Form with Email Sending
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
mail('admin@example.com', 'Contact Form Submission', $message, "From: $email");
echo "Thank you for contacting us, $name!";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email"><br>
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
// ============================
// 68. Image Gallery
// ============================
$images = ['image1.jpg', 'image2.jpg', 'image3.jpg'];
echo "<h3>Image Gallery</h3>";
foreach ($images as $image) {
echo "<img src='$image' width='200' height='200' style='margin:10px;'>";
}
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 69. Basic CMS (Content Management System)
// ============================
$pages = [
'home' => 'Welcome to our homepage!',
'about' => 'This is the about page.',
'contact' => 'You can contact us here.'
];
$page = $_GET['page'] ?? 'home';
echo "<h1>" . ucfirst($page) . " Page</h1>";
echo $pages[$page];
// ============================
// 70. Online Portfolio
// ============================
$portfolio = [
['title' => 'Project 1', 'description' => 'A cool project I worked on.', 'url' => 'project1.html'],
['title' => 'Project 2', 'description' => 'Another amazing project!', 'url' => 'project2.html'],
];
echo "<h2>My Portfolio</h2>";
foreach ($portfolio as $item) {
echo "<h3><a href='" . $item['url'] . "'>" . $item['title'] . "</a></h3>";
echo "<p>" . $item['description'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 71. File Management System
// ============================
$dir = 'uploads/';
if (!is_dir($dir)) {
mkdir($dir, 0777, true);
}
echo "<h3>Uploaded Files</h3>";
$files = scandir($dir);
foreach ($files as $file) {
if ($file != '.' && $file != '..') {
echo "<a href='$dir/$file'>$file</a><br>";
}
}
// ============================
// 72. Simple Polling System
// ============================
$poll_options = ['Option A', 'Option B', 'Option C'];
$poll_votes = [0, 0, 0];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
$poll_votes[$vote]++;
}
echo "<h3>Poll Options</h3>";
foreach ($poll_options as $index => $option) {
echo "$option: " . $poll_votes[$index] . " votes<br>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
<?php foreach ($poll_options as $index => $option) : ?>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="<?= $index ?>"><?= $option ?><br>
<?php endforeach; ?>
<input type="submit" value="Vote">
</form>
// ============================
// 73. Guestbook System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
echo "<p>Thanks for signing, $name!</p>";
echo "<p>Your message: $message</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Sign Guestbook">
</form>
// ============================
// 74. Recipe Sharing System
// ============================
$recipes = [
['title' => 'Pasta', 'ingredients' => 'Pasta, Tomato Sauce, Cheese', 'instructions' => 'Boil pasta, add sauce, mix.'],
['title' => 'Salad', 'ingredients' => 'Lettuce, Tomato, Cucumber', 'instructions' => 'Chop veggies, mix them together.'],
];
echo "<h3>Recipes</h3>";
foreach ($recipes as $recipe) {
echo "<h4>" . $recipe['title'] . "</h4>";
echo "<b>Ingredients:</b> " . $recipe['ingredients'] . "<br>";
echo "<b>Instructions:</b> " . $recipe['instructions'] . "<br>";
}
// ============================
// 75. Simple Social Media Feed
// ============================
$posts = [
['user' => 'John', 'content' => 'Had a great day! #fun'],
['user' => 'Jane', 'content' => 'Learning PHP is awesome! #coding'],
];
echo "<h3>Social Media Feed</h3>";
foreach ($posts as $post) {
echo "<p><b>" . $post['user'] . ":</b> " . $post['content'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 76. To-Do List App
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$task = $_POST['task'];
file_put_contents('tasks.txt', $task . PHP_EOL, FILE_APPEND);
}
echo "<h3>To-Do List</h3>";
$tasks = file('tasks.txt');
foreach ($tasks as $task) {
echo "<p>$task</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Task: <input type="text" name="task"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Task">
</form>
// ============================
// 77. Simple Chat System
// ============================
$messages = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$user = $_POST['user'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
$messages[] = "$user: $message";
}
echo "<h3>Chat Messages</h3>";
foreach ($messages as $message) {
echo "<p>$message</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Name: <input type="text" name="user"><br>
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send Message">
</form>
// ============================
// 78. Movie Rating System
// ============================
$movies = [
['title' => 'Inception', 'rating' => 4.5],
['title' => 'The Dark Knight', 'rating' => 5],
['title' => 'Interstellar', 'rating' => 4.8],
];
echo "<h3>Movies</h3>";
foreach ($movies as $movie) {
echo $movie['title'] . " - Rating: " . $movie['rating'] . "/5<br>";
}
// ============================
// 79. Calendar System
// ============================
$month = $_GET['month'] ?? 'November';
echo "<h3>Calendar for $month</h3>";
echo "<table border='1'>";
echo "<tr><th>Sun</th><th>Mon</th><th>Tue</th><th>Wed</th><th>Thu</th><th>Fri</th><th>Sat</th></tr>";
// Display dummy calendar
echo "<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td></tr>";
echo "</table>";
// ============================
// 80. Job Application System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$applicantName = $_POST['name'];
$applicantEmail = $_POST['email'];
$applicantResume = $_FILES['resume']['name'];
move_uploaded_file($_FILES['resume']['tmp_name'], 'uploads/' . $applicantResume);
echo "Thank you, $applicantName. Your application has been received.";
}
?>
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email"><br>
Resume: <input type="file" name="resume"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Application">
</form>
<?php
// ============================
// 69. Basic CMS (Content Management System)
// ============================
$pages = [
'home' => 'Welcome to our homepage!',
'about' => 'This is the about page.',
'contact' => 'You can contact us here.'
];
$page = $_GET['page'] ?? 'home';
echo "<h1>" . ucfirst($page) . " Page</h1>";
echo $pages[$page];
// ============================
// 70. Online Portfolio
// ============================
$portfolio = [
['title' => 'Project 1', 'description' => 'A cool project I worked on.', 'url' => 'project1.html'],
['title' => 'Project 2', 'description' => 'Another amazing project!', 'url' => 'project2.html'],
];
echo "<h2>My Portfolio</h2>";
foreach ($portfolio as $item) {
echo "<h3><a href='" . $item['url'] . "'>" . $item['title'] . "</a></h3>";
echo "<p>" . $item['description'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 71. File Management System
// ============================
$dir = 'uploads/';
if (!is_dir($dir)) {
mkdir($dir, 0777, true);
}
echo "<h3>Uploaded Files</h3>";
$files = scandir($dir);
foreach ($files as $file) {
if ($file != '.' && $file != '..') {
echo "<a href='$dir/$file'>$file</a><br>";
}
}
// ============================
// 72. Simple Polling System
// ============================
$poll_options = ['Option A', 'Option B', 'Option C'];
$poll_votes = [0, 0, 0];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
$poll_votes[$vote]++;
}
echo "<h3>Poll Options</h3>";
foreach ($poll_options as $index => $option) {
echo "$option: " . $poll_votes[$index] . " votes<br>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
<?php foreach ($poll_options as $index => $option) : ?>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="<?= $index ?>"><?= $option ?><br>
<?php endforeach; ?>
<input type="submit" value="Vote">
</form>
// ============================
// 73. Guestbook System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
echo "<p>Thanks for signing, $name!</p>";
echo "<p>Your message: $message</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Sign Guestbook">
</form>
// ============================
// 74. Recipe Sharing System
// ============================
$recipes = [
['title' => 'Pasta', 'ingredients' => 'Pasta, Tomato Sauce, Cheese', 'instructions' => 'Boil pasta, add sauce, mix.'],
['title' => 'Salad', 'ingredients' => 'Lettuce, Tomato, Cucumber', 'instructions' => 'Chop veggies, mix them together.'],
];
echo "<h3>Recipes</h3>";
foreach ($recipes as $recipe) {
echo "<h4>" . $recipe['title'] . "</h4>";
echo "<b>Ingredients:</b> " . $recipe['ingredients'] . "<br>";
echo "<b>Instructions:</b> " . $recipe['instructions'] . "<br>";
}
// ============================
// 75. Simple Social Media Feed
// ============================
$posts = [
['user' => 'John', 'content' => 'Had a great day! #fun'],
['user' => 'Jane', 'content' => 'Learning PHP is awesome! #coding'],
];
echo "<h3>Social Media Feed</h3>";
foreach ($posts as $post) {
echo "<p><b>" . $post['user'] . ":</b> " . $post['content'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 76. To-Do List App
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$task = $_POST['task'];
file_put_contents('tasks.txt', $task . PHP_EOL, FILE_APPEND);
}
echo "<h3>To-Do List</h3>";
$tasks = file('tasks.txt');
foreach ($tasks as $task) {
echo "<p>$task</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Task: <input type="text" name="task"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Task">
</form>
// ============================
// 77. Simple Chat System
// ============================
$messages = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$user = $_POST['user'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
$messages[] = "$user: $message";
}
echo "<h3>Chat Messages</h3>";
foreach ($messages as $message) {
echo "<p>$message</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Name: <input type="text" name="user"><br>
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send Message">
</form>
// ============================
// 78. Movie Rating System
// ============================
$movies = [
['title' => 'Inception', 'rating' => 4.5],
['title' => 'The Dark Knight', 'rating' => 5],
['title' => 'Interstellar', 'rating' => 4.8],
];
echo "<h3>Movies</h3>";
foreach ($movies as $movie) {
echo $movie['title'] . " - Rating: " . $movie['rating'] . "/5<br>";
}
// ============================
// 79. Calendar System
// ============================
$month = $_GET['month'] ?? 'November';
echo "<h3>Calendar for $month</h3>";
echo "<table border='1'>";
echo "<tr><th>Sun</th><th>Mon</th><th>Tue</th><th>Wed</th><th>Thu</th><th>Fri</th><th>Sat</th></tr>";
// Display dummy calendar
echo "<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>7</td></tr>";
echo "</table>";
// ============================
// 80. Job Application System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$applicantName = $_POST['name'];
$applicantEmail = $_POST['email'];
$applicantResume = $_FILES['resume']['name'];
move_uploaded_file($_FILES['resume']['tmp_name'], 'uploads/' . $applicantResume);
echo "Thank you, $applicantName. Your application has been received.";
}
?>
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email"><br>
Resume: <input type="file" name="resume"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Application">
</form>
<?php
// ============================
// 91. Task Management System
// ============================
$tasks = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$task = $_POST['task'];
$tasks[] = $task;
}
echo "<h3>Task List</h3>";
foreach ($tasks as $task) {
echo "<p>$task</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Task: <input type="text" name="task"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Task">
</form>
// ============================
// 92. To-Do List Application
// ============================
$todo_items = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$todo_item = $_POST['todo_item'];
$todo_items[] = $todo_item;
}
echo "<h3>To-Do List</h3>";
foreach ($todo_items as $item) {
echo "<p>$item</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
To-Do Item: <input type="text" name="todo_item"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Item">
</form>
// ============================
// 93. Simple Inventory System
// ============================
$inventory = [
['product' => 'Laptop', 'quantity' => 10],
['product' => 'Smartphone', 'quantity' => 20],
['product' => 'Headphones', 'quantity' => 50],
];
echo "<h3>Inventory</h3>";
foreach ($inventory as $item) {
echo "<p>" . $item['product'] . ": " . $item['quantity'] . " units</p>";
}
// ============================
// 94. Event Management System
// ============================
$events = [
['name' => 'Music Concert', 'date' => '2024-12-15'],
['name' => 'Tech Conference', 'date' => '2024-11-30'],
];
echo "<h3>Upcoming Events</h3>";
foreach ($events as $event) {
echo "<p>" . $event['name'] . " - Date: " . $event['date'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 95. Simple Blog with Categories
// ============================
$categories = ['Tech', 'Lifestyle', 'Health'];
$posts = [
['title' => 'New Tech Trends', 'category' => 'Tech', 'content' => 'Content about new tech trends.'],
['title' => 'Healthy Living Tips', 'category' => 'Health', 'content' => 'Content about healthy living.'],
];
echo "<h3>Blog Posts</h3>";
foreach ($categories as $category) {
echo "<h4>$category</h4>";
foreach ($posts as $post) {
if ($post['category'] == $category) {
echo "<p>" . $post['title'] . ": " . $post['content'] . "</p>";
}
}
}
// ============================
// 96. Chat Application
// ============================
$messages = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$user = $_POST['user'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
$messages[] = ['user' => $user, 'message' => $message];
}
echo "<h3>Chat Room</h3>";
foreach ($messages as $msg) {
echo "<p><strong>" . $msg['user'] . ":</strong> " . $msg['message'] . "</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
User: <input type="text" name="user"><br>
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send">
</form>
// ============================
// 97. Appointment Booking System
// ============================
$appointments = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$date = $_POST['date'];
$appointments[] = ['name' => $name, 'date' => $date];
}
echo "<h3>Appointments</h3>";
foreach ($appointments as $appointment) {
echo "<p>" . $appointment['name'] . " has an appointment on " . $appointment['date'] . "</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Date: <input type="date" name="date"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Book Appointment">
</form>
// ============================
// 98. Voting System
// ============================
$votes = ['Yes' => 0, 'No' => 0];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
$votes[$vote]++;
}
echo "<h3>Vote on PHP</h3>";
echo "Yes: " . $votes['Yes'] . " votes<br>";
echo "No: " . $votes['No'] . " votes<br>";
?>
<form method="POST">
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Yes"> Yes<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="No"> No<br>
<input type="submit" value="Vote">
</form>
// ============================
// 99. Online Quiz System
// ============================
$questions = [
['question' => 'What is PHP?', 'options' => ['Language', 'Database', 'Server'], 'answer' => 'Language'],
['question' => 'Who created PHP?', 'options' => ['Rasmus Lerdorf', 'Mark Zuckerberg', 'Linus Torvalds'], 'answer' => 'Rasmus Lerdorf'],
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$score = 0;
foreach ($questions as $index => $question) {
if ($_POST['answer' . $index] == $question['answer']) {
$score++;
}
}
echo "Your score is: $score / " . count($questions);
}
echo "<h3>Quiz</h3>";
foreach ($questions as $index => $question) {
echo "<h4>" . $question['question'] . "</h4>";
foreach ($question['options'] as $option) {
echo "<input type='radio' name='answer$index' value='$option'> $option<br>";
}
}
?>
<form method="POST">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
// ============================
// 100. Simple Feedback Form
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$feedback = $_POST['feedback'];
echo "Thank you for your feedback, $name!";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Feedback: <textarea name="feedback"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Feedback">
</form>
<?php
// ============================
// 101. Online E-commerce Store
// ============================
$products = [
['name' => 'Laptop', 'price' => 1000],
['name' => 'Smartphone', 'price' => 500],
['name' => 'Headphones', 'price' => 100],
];
$total = 0;
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$product = $_POST['product'];
$quantity = $_POST['quantity'];
$total = $products[$product]['price'] * $quantity;
}
echo "<h3>Products</h3>";
foreach ($products as $index => $product) {
echo "<p>{$product['name']} - {$product['price']} USD</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Product: <select name="product">
<option value="0">Laptop</option>
<option value="1">Smartphone</option>
<option value="2">Headphones</option>
</select><br>
Quantity: <input type="number" name="quantity" min="1"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Calculate Total">
</form>
<?php
if ($total > 0) {
echo "<h3>Total: $total USD</h3>";
}
?>
// ============================
// 102. Contact Form
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
echo "Thank you for contacting us, $name!";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email"><br>
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send">
</form>
// ============================
// 103. Simple Calculator
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$num1 = $_POST['num1'];
$num2 = $_POST['num2'];
$operator = $_POST['operator'];
if ($operator == 'add') {
$result = $num1 + $num2;
} elseif ($operator == 'subtract') {
$result = $num1 - $num2;
} elseif ($operator == 'multiply') {
$result = $num1 * $num2;
} elseif ($operator == 'divide') {
$result = $num1 / $num2;
}
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Number 1: <input type="number" name="num1"><br>
Number 2: <input type="number" name="num2"><br>
Operator:
<select name="operator">
<option value="add">+</option>
<option value="subtract">-</option>
<option value="multiply">*</option>
<option value="divide">/</option>
</select><br>
<input type="submit" value="Calculate">
</form>
<?php
if (isset($result)) {
echo "<h3>Result: $result</h3>";
}
?>
// ============================
// 104. Real-Time Chat Application
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$username = $_POST['username'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
$chat_messages[] = ['username' => $username, 'message' => $message];
}
echo "<h3>Chat Room</h3>";
foreach ($chat_messages as $msg) {
echo "<p><strong>" . $msg['username'] . ":</strong> " . $msg['message'] . "</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Username: <input type="text" name="username"><br>
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send">
</form>
// ============================
// 105. Admin Login System
// ============================
$users = [
'admin' => 'password123',
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
if (isset($users[$username]) && $users[$username] == $password) {
echo "<h3>Welcome Admin</h3>";
} else {
echo "<h3>Invalid Login</h3>";
}
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Username: <input type="text" name="username"><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Login">
</form>
// ============================
// 106. File Upload System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_FILES['file'])) {
$file = $_FILES['file'];
$upload_dir = 'uploads/';
move_uploaded_file($file['tmp_name'], $upload_dir . $file['name']);
echo "File uploaded successfully!";
}
?>
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Select file: <input type="file" name="file"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload File">
</form>
// ============================
// 107. Currency Converter
// ============================
$currencies = [
'USD' => 1,
'EUR' => 0.85,
'GBP' => 0.75,
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$amount = $_POST['amount'];
$currency = $_POST['currency'];
$converted_amount = $amount * $currencies[$currency];
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Amount: <input type="number" name="amount"><br>
Currency:
<select name="currency">
<option value="USD">USD</option>
<option value="EUR">EUR</option>
<option value="GBP">GBP</option>
</select><br>
<input type="submit" value="Convert">
</form>
<?php
if (isset($converted_amount)) {
echo "<h3>Converted Amount: $converted_amount</h3>";
}
?>
// ============================
// 108. News Aggregator
// ============================
$news = [
['title' => 'Tech Update', 'content' => 'Latest news in tech...'],
['title' => 'World News', 'content' => 'Breaking news around the world...'],
['title' => 'Sports', 'content' => 'Sports highlights and updates...'],
];
echo "<h3>Latest News</h3>";
foreach ($news as $article) {
echo "<h4>" . $article['title'] . "</h4>";
echo "<p>" . $article['content'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 109. Movie Rating System
// ============================
$movies = [
['title' => 'Inception', 'rating' => 5],
['title' => 'Titanic', 'rating' => 4],
['title' => 'The Dark Knight', 'rating' => 5],
];
echo "<h3>Movie Ratings</h3>";
foreach ($movies as $movie) {
echo "<p>" . $movie['title'] . " - Rating: " . $movie['rating'] . " stars</p>";
}
// ============================
// 110. Online Survey
// ============================
$survey_results = ['Option 1' => 0, 'Option 2' => 0, 'Option 3' => 0];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
$survey_results[$vote]++;
}
echo "<h3>Survey</h3>";
foreach ($survey_results as $option => $votes) {
echo "<p>$option: $votes votes</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Option 1"> Option 1<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Option 2"> Option 2<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Option 3"> Option 3<br>
<input type="submit" value="Vote">
</form>
<?php
// ============================
// 111. Simple Blog System
// ============================
$posts = [
['title' => 'My First Post', 'content' => 'This is my first blog post!'],
['title' => 'Another Blog Post', 'content' => 'More content coming soon...'],
];
echo "<h3>Blog</h3>";
foreach ($posts as $post) {
echo "<h4>" . $post['title'] . "</h4>";
echo "<p>" . $post['content'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 112. Simple Poll System
// ============================
$poll_options = ['Yes' => 0, 'No' => 0];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
$poll_options[$vote]++;
}
echo "<h3>Poll: Do you like PHP?</h3>";
foreach ($poll_options as $option => $votes) {
echo "<p>$option: $votes votes</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Yes"> Yes<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="No"> No<br>
<input type="submit" value="Vote">
</form>
// ============================
// 113. Student Grade Management System
// ============================
$students = [
['name' => 'John Doe', 'grade' => 90],
['name' => 'Jane Smith', 'grade' => 85],
['name' => 'Mark Johnson', 'grade' => 78],
];
echo "<h3>Student Grades</h3>";
foreach ($students as $student) {
echo "<p>" . $student['name'] . " - Grade: " . $student['grade'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 114. Simple Image Gallery
// ============================
$images = ['image1.jpg', 'image2.jpg', 'image3.jpg'];
echo "<h3>Image Gallery</h3>";
foreach ($images as $image) {
echo "<img src='$image' alt='Gallery Image' width='200'><br>";
}
// ============================
// 115. To-Do List Application
// ============================
$tasks = ['Task 1', 'Task 2', 'Task 3'];
echo "<h3>To-Do List</h3>";
foreach ($tasks as $task) {
echo "<p>$task</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Task: <input type="text" name="task"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Task">
</form>
// ============================
// 116. Contact Form with Validation
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
if (empty($name) || empty($email)) {
echo "<p style='color:red;'>Please fill in all fields</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>Thank you for contacting us, $name!</p>";
}
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
// ============================
// 117. User Registration System
// ============================
$users = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
$users[$username] = $password;
echo "<p>User registered successfully!</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Username: <input type="text" name="username"><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Register">
</form>
// ============================
// 118. Simple File Management System
// ============================
$files = ['file1.txt', 'file2.txt', 'file3.txt'];
echo "<h3>Files</h3>";
foreach ($files as $file) {
echo "<p>$file</p>";
}
// ============================
// 119. Multi-page News Website
// ============================
$categories = ['Tech', 'Sports', 'Entertainment'];
$articles = [
'Tech' => ['Tech Article 1', 'Tech Article 2'],
'Sports' => ['Sports Article 1', 'Sports Article 2'],
'Entertainment' => ['Entertainment Article 1', 'Entertainment Article 2'],
];
echo "<h3>News Website</h3>";
foreach ($categories as $category) {
echo "<h4>$category</h4>";
foreach ($articles[$category] as $article) {
echo "<p>$article</p>";
}
}
// ============================
// 120. Shopping Cart System
// ============================
$cart = [
['product' => 'Laptop', 'price' => 1000, 'quantity' => 1],
['product' => 'Smartphone', 'price' => 500, 'quantity' => 2],
];
$total = 0;
foreach ($cart as $item) {
$total += $item['price'] * $item['quantity'];
}
echo "<h3>Shopping Cart</h3>";
foreach ($cart as $item) {
echo "<p>" . $item['product'] . " - " . $item['price'] . " USD x " . $item['quantity'] . "</p>";
}
echo "<h3>Total: $total USD</h3>";
?>
// ============================
// 121. PHP Calendar
// ============================
echo "<h3>PHP Calendar</h3>";
$month = date('m');
$year = date('Y');
echo "<table border='1'>";
echo "<tr><th colspan='7'>" . date('F Y', strtotime("$year-$month-01")) . "</th></tr>";
echo "<tr><th>Sun</th><th>Mon</th><th>Tue</th><th>Wed</th><th>Thu</th><th>Fri</th><th>Sat</th></tr>";
$days_in_month = date('t', strtotime("$year-$month-01"));
$first_day_of_month = date('w', strtotime("$year-$month-01"));
$day = 1;
for ($i = 0; $i < 6; $i++) {
echo "<tr>";
for ($j = 0; $j < 7; $j++) {
if (($i == 0 && $j >= $first_day_of_month) || $i > 0) {
if ($day <= $days_in_month) {
echo "<td>$day</td>";
$day++;
} else {
echo "<td></td>";
}
} else {
echo "<td></td>";
}
}
echo "</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 122. Online Quiz System
// ============================
$questions = [
'What is 2 + 2?' => ['answer' => '4', 'options' => ['1', '2', '3', '4']],
'What is the capital of France?' => ['answer' => 'Paris', 'options' => ['Berlin', 'Madrid', 'Paris', 'Rome']],
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$score = 0;
foreach ($questions as $question => $data) {
if ($_POST[$question] == $data['answer']) {
$score++;
}
}
echo "Your score is: $score out of " . count($questions);
}
echo "<h3>Quiz</h3>";
foreach ($questions as $question => $data) {
echo "<p>$question</p>";
foreach ($data['options'] as $option) {
echo "<input type='radio' name='$question' value='$option'> $option<br>";
}
}
?>
<form method="POST">
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
// ============================
// 123. Employee Management System
// ============================
$employees = [
['id' => 1, 'name' => 'John Doe', 'position' => 'Manager'],
['id' => 2, 'name' => 'Jane Smith', 'position' => 'Developer'],
['id' => 3, 'name' => 'Mark Johnson', 'position' => 'Designer'],
];
echo "<h3>Employee List</h3>";
foreach ($employees as $employee) {
echo "<p>ID: " . $employee['id'] . " - Name: " . $employee['name'] . " - Position: " . $employee['position'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 124. Customer Feedback System
// ============================
$feedback = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
$feedback[] = ['name' => $name, 'message' => $message];
}
echo "<h3>Feedback</h3>";
foreach ($feedback as $entry) {
echo "<p><b>" . $entry['name'] . ":</b> " . $entry['message'] . "</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Feedback">
</form>
// ============================
// 125. Movie Booking System
// ============================
$movies = [
['title' => 'Movie A', 'showtimes' => ['12:00 PM', '03:00 PM', '06:00 PM']],
['title' => 'Movie B', 'showtimes' => ['01:00 PM', '04:00 PM', '07:00 PM']],
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$movie_title = $_POST['movie'];
$showtime = $_POST['showtime'];
echo "<p>You booked $movie_title at $showtime.</p>";
}
echo "<h3>Movie Booking</h3>";
echo "<form method='POST'>";
echo "Select Movie: <select name='movie'>";
foreach ($movies as $movie) {
echo "<option value='" . $movie['title'] . "'>" . $movie['title'] . "</option>";
}
echo "</select><br>";
echo "Select Showtime: <select name='showtime'>";
foreach ($movies[0]['showtimes'] as $time) {
echo "<option value='$time'>$time</option>";
}
echo "</select><br>";
echo "<input type='submit' value='Book Now'>";
echo "</form>";
// ============================
// 126. Simple E-Commerce Store
// ============================
$products = [
['name' => 'Laptop', 'price' => 1000],
['name' => 'Smartphone', 'price' => 500],
['name' => 'Tablet', 'price' => 300],
];
$total = 0;
echo "<h3>Product List</h3>";
foreach ($products as $product) {
echo "<p>" . $product['name'] . " - $" . $product['price'] . "</p>";
$total += $product['price'];
}
echo "<h3>Total: $" . $total . "</h3>";
// ============================
// 127. Address Book System
// ============================
$contacts = [
['name' => 'John Doe', 'phone' => '123-456-7890'],
['name' => 'Jane Smith', 'phone' => '987-654-3210'],
];
echo "<h3>Contact List</h3>";
foreach ($contacts as $contact) {
echo "<p>Name: " . $contact['name'] . " - Phone: " . $contact['phone'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 128. Simple Voting System
// ============================
$candidates = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'];
$votes = [0, 0, 0];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$vote = $_POST['candidate'];
$votes[$vote]++;
}
echo "<h3>Voting</h3>";
foreach ($candidates as $index => $candidate) {
echo "<input type='radio' name='candidate' value='$index'> $candidate<br>";
}
echo "<p>Total votes for each candidate:</p>";
foreach ($candidates as $index => $candidate) {
echo "<p>$candidate: " . $votes[$index] . " votes</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
<input type="submit" value="Vote">
</form>
// ============================
// 129. Password Strength Checker
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$password = $_POST['password'];
$strength = (strlen($password) >= 8) ? "Strong" : "Weak";
echo "<p>Password strength: $strength</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST">
Enter Password: <input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Check Strength">
</form>
// ============================
// 130. File Upload System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_FILES['file'])) {
$file = $_FILES['file'];
move_uploaded_file($file['tmp_name'], 'uploads/' . $file['name']);
echo "<p>File uploaded successfully!</p>";
}
?>
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Select File: <input type="file" name="file"><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload File">
</form>
<?php
// ============================
// 131. Online Library Management System
// ============================
$books = [
['title' => 'The Great Gatsby', 'author' => 'F. Scott Fitzgerald', 'status' => 'Available'],
['title' => '1984', 'author' => 'George Orwell', 'status' => 'Available'],
['title' => 'To Kill a Mockingbird', 'author' => 'Harper Lee', 'status' => 'Not Available'],
];
echo "<h3>Library Book List</h3>";
foreach ($books as $book) {
echo "<p>Title: " . $book['title'] . " - Author: " . $book['author'] . " - Status: " . $book['status'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 132. Task Manager System
// ============================
$tasks = [
['task' => 'Complete PHP project', 'status' => 'Incomplete'],
['task' => 'Attend meeting', 'status' => 'Complete'],
['task' => 'Update website', 'status' => 'Incomplete'],
];
echo "<h3>Task List</h3>";
foreach ($tasks as $task) {
echo "<p>Task: " . $task['task'] . " - Status: " . $task['status'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 133. Simple Forum System
// ============================
$posts = [
['username' => 'user1', 'post' => 'How to learn PHP?', 'date' => '2024-11-01'],
['username' => 'user2', 'post' => 'What is MVC in PHP?', 'date' => '2024-11-02'],
];
echo "<h3>Forum Posts</h3>";
foreach ($posts as $post) {
echo "<p><b>" . $post['username'] . ":</b> " . $post['post'] . " <i>[" . $post['date'] . "]</i></p>";
}
// ============================
// 134. Event Booking System
// ============================
$events = [
['event' => 'Music Concert', 'date' => '2024-12-01', 'venue' => 'City Hall'],
['event' => 'Tech Conference', 'date' => '2024-12-05', 'venue' => 'Convention Center'],
];
echo "<h3>Upcoming Events</h3>";
foreach ($events as $event) {
echo "<p>Event: " . $event['event'] . " - Date: " . $event['date'] . " - Venue: " . $event['venue'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 135. Job Portal System
// ============================
$jobs = [
['title' => 'Software Developer', 'company' => 'Tech Corp', 'location' => 'Remote'],
['title' => 'Web Designer', 'company' => 'Design Studio', 'location' => 'New York'],
];
echo "<h3>Job Listings</h3>";
foreach ($jobs as $job) {
echo "<p>Job Title: " . $job['title'] . " - Company: " . $job['company'] . " - Location: " . $job['location'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 136. Student Enrollment System
// ============================
$students = [
['name' => 'Alice', 'course' => 'PHP Development', 'status' => 'Enrolled'],
['name' => 'Bob', 'course' => 'Web Design', 'status' => 'Pending'],
];
echo "<h3>Student Enrollment</h3>";
foreach ($students as $student) {
echo "<p>Student: " . $student['name'] . " - Course: " . $student['course'] . " - Status: " . $student['status'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 137. Online Restaurant Order System
// ============================
$menu = [
['item' => 'Burger', 'price' => 5.99],
['item' => 'Pizza', 'price' => 8.99],
['item' => 'Pasta', 'price' => 7.49],
];
$orderTotal = 0;
echo "<h3>Menu</h3>";
foreach ($menu as $item) {
echo "<p>" . $item['item'] . " - $" . $item['price'] . "</p>";
$orderTotal += $item['price'];
}
echo "<h3>Total Order: $" . $orderTotal . "</h3>";
// ============================
// 138. Online Auction System
// ============================
$items = [
['name' => 'Painting', 'starting_bid' => 100, 'current_bid' => 150],
['name' => 'Antique Vase', 'starting_bid' => 50, 'current_bid' => 80],
];
echo "<h3>Auction Items</h3>";
foreach ($items as $item) {
echo "<p>Item: " . $item['name'] . " - Starting Bid: $" . $item['starting_bid'] . " - Current Bid: $" . $item['current_bid'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 139. Personal Finance Tracker
// ============================
$expenses = [
['category' => 'Food', 'amount' => 200],
['category' => 'Rent', 'amount' => 1200],
['category' => 'Utilities', 'amount' => 150],
];
$totalExpenses = 0;
echo "<h3>Monthly Expenses</h3>";
foreach ($expenses as $expense) {
echo "<p>Category: " . $expense['category'] . " - Amount: $" . $expense['amount'] . "</p>";
$totalExpenses += $expense['amount'];
}
echo "<h3>Total Expenses: $" . $totalExpenses . "</h3>";
// ============================
// 140. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) System
// ============================
$customers = [
['name' => 'John Doe', 'email' => 'john@example.com', 'status' => 'Active'],
['name' => 'Jane Smith', 'email' => 'jane@example.com', 'status' => 'Inactive'],
];
echo "<h3>Customer List</h3>";
foreach ($customers as $customer) {
echo "<p>Name: " . $customer['name'] . " - Email: " . $customer['email'] . " - Status: " . $customer['status'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 141. Online Shopping Cart System
// ============================
$cart = [
['product' => 'Laptop', 'price' => 1000],
['product' => 'Phone', 'price' => 500],
['product' => 'Headphones', 'price' => 150],
];
$totalCost = 0;
echo "<h3>Shopping Cart</h3>";
foreach ($cart as $item) {
echo "<p>Product: " . $item['product'] . " - Price: $" . $item['price'] . "</p>";
$totalCost += $item['price'];
}
echo "<h3>Total Cost: $" . $totalCost . "</h3>";
// ============================
// 142. Real-time Chat Application
// ============================
$messages = [
['user' => 'Alice', 'message' => 'Hello, how are you?'],
['user' => 'Bob', 'message' => 'I am good, thanks! How about you?'],
];
echo "<h3>Chat Room</h3>";
foreach ($messages as $message) {
echo "<p><b>" . $message['user'] . ":</b> " . $message['message'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 143. Document Management System
// ============================
$documents = [
['title' => 'Project Proposal', 'date' => '2024-11-15'],
['title' => 'Meeting Notes', 'date' => '2024-11-16'],
];
echo "<h3>Document List</h3>";
foreach ($documents as $document) {
echo "<p>Title: " . $document['title'] . " - Date: " . $document['date'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 144. Task Tracker
// ============================
$tasksTracker = [
['task' => 'Finish report', 'status' => 'Pending'],
['task' => 'Call client', 'status' => 'Completed'],
];
echo "<h3>Task Tracker</h3>";
foreach ($tasksTracker as $task) {
echo "<p>Task: " . $task['task'] . " - Status: " . $task['status'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 145. Membership Registration System
// ============================
$members = [
['name' => 'Tom', 'email' => 'tom@example.com'],
['name' => 'Sarah', 'email' => 'sarah@example.com'],
];
echo "<h3>Member List</h3>";
foreach ($members as $member) {
echo "<p>Name: " . $member['name'] . " - Email: " . $member['email'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 146. Real Estate Listing System
// ============================
$properties = [
['title' => '2BHK Apartment', 'price' => 200000, 'location' => 'New York'],
['title' => '3BHK Villa', 'price' => 350000, 'location' => 'Los Angeles'],
];
echo "<h3>Real Estate Listings</h3>";
foreach ($properties as $property) {
echo "<p>Title: " . $property['title'] . " - Price: $" . $property['price'] . " - Location: " . $property['location'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 147. Appointment Booking System
// ============================
$appointments = [
['service' => 'Haircut', 'date' => '2024-11-20'],
['service' => 'Massage', 'date' => '2024-11-22'],
];
echo "<h3>Appointment Schedule</h3>";
foreach ($appointments as $appointment) {
echo "<p>Service: " . $appointment['service'] . " - Date: " . $appointment['date'] . "</p>";
}
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 148. News Portal System
// ============================
$articles = [
['title' => 'Tech News Today', 'content' => 'New advancements in AI technology...', 'date' => '2024-11-19'],
['title' => 'Market Trends', 'content' => 'Stock market hits new highs...', 'date' => '2024-11-18'],
];
echo "<h3>Latest News</h3>";
foreach ($articles as $article) {
echo "<p><b>" . $article['title'] . ":</b> " . $article['content'] . " <i>[" . $article['date'] . "]</i></p>";
}
// ============================
// 149. Online Quiz System
// ============================
$questions = [
['question' => 'What is the capital of France?', 'options' => ['Paris', 'London', 'Berlin'], 'answer' => 'Paris'],
['question' => 'What is 2+2?', 'options' => ['3', '4', '5'], 'answer' => '4'],
];
echo "<h3>Online Quiz</h3>";
foreach ($questions as $question) {
echo "<p><b>" . $question['question'] . "</b></p>";
foreach ($question['options'] as $option) {
echo "<p>" . $option . "</p>";
}
}
// ============================
// 150. E-Commerce Product Display
// ============================
$products = [
['name' => 'Smartphone', 'price' => 599.99, 'category' => 'Electronics'],
['name' => 'Laptop', 'price' => 999.99, 'category' => 'Electronics'],
];
echo "<h3>Products for Sale</h3>";
foreach ($products as $product) {
echo "<p>Name: " . $product['name'] . " - Price: $" . $product['price'] . " - Category: " . $product['category'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 151. Restaurant Reservation System
// ============================
$reservations = [
['name' => 'John', 'date' => '2024-12-01', 'time' => '7:00 PM'],
['name' => 'Jane', 'date' => '2024-12-02', 'time' => '8:00 PM'],
];
echo "<h3>Reservations</h3>";
foreach ($reservations as $reservation) {
echo "<p>Name: " . $reservation['name'] . " - Date: " . $reservation['date'] . " - Time: " . $reservation['time'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 152. File Upload System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_FILES['file'])) {
$fileName = $_FILES['file']['name'];
$fileTmpName = $_FILES['file']['tmp_name'];
$fileDest = 'uploads/' . $fileName;
move_uploaded_file($fileTmpName, $fileDest);
echo "<p>File uploaded: " . $fileName . "</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file" />
<input type="submit" value="Upload File" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 153. Online Poll System
// ============================
$poll = [
'question' => 'What is your favorite programming language?',
'options' => ['PHP', 'JavaScript', 'Python', 'Ruby'],
];
echo "<h3>Poll</h3>";
echo "<p>" . $poll['question'] . "</p>";
foreach ($poll['options'] as $option) {
echo "<p><input type='radio' name='poll' value='" . $option . "'> " . $option . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 154. Calendar Event System
// ============================
$events = [
['event' => 'Team Meeting', 'date' => '2024-11-20'],
['event' => 'Birthday Party', 'date' => '2024-11-22'],
];
echo "<h3>Upcoming Events</h3>";
foreach ($events as $event) {
echo "<p>Event: " . $event['event'] . " - Date: " . $event['date'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 155. Address Book System
// ============================
$contacts = [
['name' => 'Alice', 'phone' => '123-456-7890', 'email' => 'alice@example.com'],
['name' => 'Bob', 'phone' => '987-654-3210', 'email' => 'bob@example.com'],
];
echo "<h3>Contact List</h3>";
foreach ($contacts as $contact) {
echo "<p>Name: " . $contact['name'] . " - Phone: " . $contact['phone'] . " - Email: " . $contact['email'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 156. Image Gallery System
// ============================
$images = [
'image1.jpg', 'image2.jpg', 'image3.jpg'
];
echo "<h3>Image Gallery</h3>";
foreach ($images as $image) {
echo "<img src='images/" . $image . "' alt='" . $image . "' style='width: 100px; height: 100px; margin: 10px;'>";
}
// ============================
// 157. Job Application System
// ============================
$applications = [
['name' => 'John', 'position' => 'Software Developer', 'status' => 'Under Review'],
['name' => 'Alice', 'position' => 'Designer', 'status' => 'Accepted'],
];
echo "<h3>Job Applications</h3>";
foreach ($applications as $application) {
echo "<p>Name: " . $application['name'] . " - Position: " . $application['position'] . " - Status: " . $application['status'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 158. Contact Us Form
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
echo "<p>Thank you for contacting us, " . $name . "!</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" /><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email" /><br>
Message: <textarea name="message"></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 159. Online Voting System
// ============================
$candidates = [
'Alice' => 0,
'Bob' => 0,
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['vote'])) {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
$candidates[$vote]++;
echo "<p>Your vote for " . $vote . " has been recorded.</p>";
}
echo "<h3>Vote for Your Candidate</h3>";
foreach ($candidates as $candidate => $votes) {
echo "<p>" . $candidate . " - Votes: " . $votes . " <input type='radio' name='vote' value='" . $candidate . "'> Vote</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post"><input type="submit" value="Submit Vote" /></form>';
// ============================
// 160. Simple Feedback System
// ============================
$feedbacks = [
['name' => 'John', 'feedback' => 'Great service!'],
['name' => 'Alice', 'feedback' => 'Good experience overall.'],
];
echo "<h3>Feedback</h3>";
foreach ($feedbacks as $feedback) {
echo "<p><b>" . $feedback['name'] . ":</b> " . $feedback['feedback'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 161. Guestbook System
// ============================
$guests = [
['name' => 'John', 'message' => 'Nice website!'],
['name' => 'Sarah', 'message' => 'Great experience!'],
];
echo "<h3>Guestbook</h3>";
foreach ($guests as $guest) {
echo "<p><b>" . $guest['name'] . ":</b> " . $guest['message'] . "</p>";
}
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 162. Currency Converter System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['amount'])) {
$amount = $_POST['amount'];
$fromCurrency = $_POST['fromCurrency'];
$toCurrency = $_POST['toCurrency'];
// Exchange rates for demo purposes
$exchangeRates = [
'USD' => 1,
'EUR' => 0.85,
'GBP' => 0.75,
];
$convertedAmount = $amount * ($exchangeRates[$toCurrency] / $exchangeRates[$fromCurrency]);
echo "<p>Converted Amount: " . $convertedAmount . " " . $toCurrency . "</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Amount: <input type="number" name="amount" /><br>
From: <select name="fromCurrency">
<option value="USD">USD</option>
<option value="EUR">EUR</option>
<option value="GBP">GBP</option>
</select><br>
To: <select name="toCurrency">
<option value="USD">USD</option>
<option value="EUR">EUR</option>
<option value="GBP">GBP</option>
</select><br>
<input type="submit" value="Convert" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 163. Personal Budget Tracker
// ============================
$expenses = [
['item' => 'Groceries', 'amount' => 50],
['item' => 'Electricity Bill', 'amount' => 30],
];
echo "<h3>Your Expenses</h3>";
$totalExpenses = 0;
foreach ($expenses as $expense) {
echo "<p>" . $expense['item'] . ": $" . $expense['amount'] . "</p>";
$totalExpenses += $expense['amount'];
}
echo "<p><b>Total Expenses: $" . $totalExpenses . "</b></p>";
// ============================
// 164. File Manager System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_FILES['file'])) {
$fileName = $_FILES['file']['name'];
$fileTmpName = $_FILES['file']['tmp_name'];
$fileDest = 'uploads/' . $fileName;
move_uploaded_file($fileTmpName, $fileDest);
echo "<p>File uploaded: " . $fileName . "</p>";
}
echo '<h3>Upload a File</h3>';
echo '<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file" />
<input type="submit" value="Upload" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 165. Subscription Management System
// ============================
$subscriptions = [
['name' => 'Netflix', 'price' => 15.99, 'status' => 'Active'],
['name' => 'Spotify', 'price' => 9.99, 'status' => 'Inactive'],
];
echo "<h3>Your Subscriptions</h3>";
foreach ($subscriptions as $subscription) {
echo "<p>Name: " . $subscription['name'] . " - Price: $" . $subscription['price'] . " - Status: " . $subscription['status'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 166. Recipe Book System
// ============================
$recipes = [
['name' => 'Spaghetti', 'ingredients' => 'Pasta, Tomato Sauce, Garlic, Onion'],
['name' => 'Grilled Chicken', 'ingredients' => 'Chicken, Salt, Pepper, Olive Oil'],
];
echo "<h3>Recipe Book</h3>";
foreach ($recipes as $recipe) {
echo "<p><b>" . $recipe['name'] . ":</b> Ingredients: " . $recipe['ingredients'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 167. Event Ticket Booking System
// ============================
$tickets = [
['event' => 'Concert', 'price' => 50, 'seats' => 100],
['event' => 'Theater Show', 'price' => 30, 'seats' => 50],
];
echo "<h3>Event Tickets</h3>";
foreach ($tickets as $ticket) {
echo "<p>Event: " . $ticket['event'] . " - Price: $" . $ticket['price'] . " - Available Seats: " . $ticket['seats'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 168. Blog Post System
// ============================
$blogPosts = [
['title' => 'PHP for Beginners', 'content' => 'This post covers the basics of PHP...', 'author' => 'John Doe', 'date' => '2024-11-18'],
['title' => 'Advanced PHP Techniques', 'content' => 'This post explores some advanced PHP concepts...', 'author' => 'Jane Smith', 'date' => '2024-11-17'],
];
echo "<h3>Blog Posts</h3>";
foreach ($blogPosts as $post) {
echo "<p><b>" . $post['title'] . ":</b> " . $post['content'] . " <i>by " . $post['author'] . " on " . $post['date'] . "</i></p>";
}
// ============================
// 169. To-Do List System
// ============================
$tasks = [
['task' => 'Finish homework', 'status' => 'Pending'],
['task' => 'Buy groceries', 'status' => 'Completed'],
];
echo "<h3>To-Do List</h3>";
foreach ($tasks as $task) {
echo "<p>Task: " . $task['task'] . " - Status: " . $task['status'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 170. Feedback Collection System
// ============================
$feedbacks = [
['user' => 'Alice', 'rating' => 5, 'feedback' => 'Excellent service!'],
['user' => 'Bob', 'rating' => 4, 'feedback' => 'Good, but could be improved.'],
];
echo "<h3>Customer Feedback</h3>";
foreach ($feedbacks as $feedback) {
echo "<p>User: " . $feedback['user'] . " - Rating: " . $feedback['rating'] . "/5 - Feedback: " . $feedback['feedback'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 171. Online Ticket Reservation
// ============================
$reservations = [
['event' => 'Movie', 'seats' => 2, 'date' => '2024-12-10'],
['event' => 'Concert', 'seats' => 4, 'date' => '2024-12-15'],
];
echo "<h3>Reservations</h3>";
foreach ($reservations as $reservation) {
echo "<p>Event: " . $reservation['event'] . " - Seats: " . $reservation['seats'] . " - Date: " . $reservation['date'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 172. URL Shortener System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['url'])) {
$url = $_POST['url'];
$shortenedUrl = substr(md5($url), 0, 6); // Simple shortening logic
echo "<p>Shortened URL: <a href='" . $url . "'>" . $shortenedUrl . "</a></p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
URL: <input type="text" name="url" />
<input type="submit" value="Shorten" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 173. Password Strength Checker
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['password'])) {
$password = $_POST['password'];
$strength = 'Weak';
if (strlen($password) >= 8 && preg_match('/[A-Z]/', $password) && preg_match('/\d/', $password)) {
$strength = 'Strong';
} elseif (strlen($password) >= 6) {
$strength = 'Medium';
}
echo "<p>Password strength: " . $strength . "</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Password: <input type="password" name="password" />
<input type="submit" value="Check Strength" />
</form>';
}
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 174. Email Subscription System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['email'])) {
$email = $_POST['email'];
// Add email to subscription list (for demo purposes, storing in an array)
$subscribers[] = $email;
echo "<p>Subscribed successfully!</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required />
<input type="submit" value="Subscribe" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 175. Real-Time Chat System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['message'])) {
$message = $_POST['message'];
// For demo, storing messages in a session
session_start();
$_SESSION['messages'][] = $message;
}
echo "<h3>Chat Messages</h3>";
if (isset($_SESSION['messages'])) {
foreach ($_SESSION['messages'] as $message) {
echo "<p>" . $message . "</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Message: <input type="text" name="message" required />
<input type="submit" value="Send" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 176. Quiz Application
// ============================
$questions = [
['question' => 'What is PHP?', 'options' => ['A scripting language', 'A programming language', 'A database'], 'answer' => 'A scripting language'],
['question' => 'What does HTML stand for?', 'options' => ['HyperText Markup Language', 'Hyper Transfer Markup Language', 'Home Tool Markup Language'], 'answer' => 'HyperText Markup Language'],
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['answers'])) {
$answers = $_POST['answers'];
$score = 0;
foreach ($answers as $key => $answer) {
if ($answer == $questions[$key]['answer']) {
$score++;
}
}
echo "<p>Your score: " . $score . "/" . count($questions) . "</p>";
} else {
echo "<h3>Quiz</h3>";
echo '<form action="" method="post">';
foreach ($questions as $key => $question) {
echo "<p>" . $question['question'] . "</p>";
foreach ($question['options'] as $option) {
echo '<input type="radio" name="answers[' . $key . ']" value="' . $option . '" required /> ' . $option . '<br>';
}
}
echo '<input type="submit" value="Submit Quiz" />';
echo '</form>';
}
// ============================
// 177. Poll Voting System
// ============================
$options = ['Option A', 'Option B', 'Option C'];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['vote'])) {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
// For demo, storing votes in a session
session_start();
$_SESSION['votes'][$vote]++;
echo "<p>Vote submitted successfully!</p>";
}
echo "<h3>Vote for your favorite option:</h3>";
echo '<form action="" method="post">';
foreach ($options as $option) {
echo '<input type="radio" name="vote" value="' . $option . '" required /> ' . $option . '<br>';
}
echo '<input type="submit" value="Vote" />';
echo '</form>';
// ============================
// 178. Blog Comment System
// ============================
$comments = [
['user' => 'John', 'comment' => 'Great post!'],
['user' => 'Jane', 'comment' => 'Very informative. Thanks for sharing!'],
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['comment'])) {
$user = 'Guest';
$comment = $_POST['comment'];
// Adding the comment
$comments[] = ['user' => $user, 'comment' => $comment];
}
echo "<h3>Comments:</h3>";
foreach ($comments as $comment) {
echo "<p><b>" . $comment['user'] . ":</b> " . $comment['comment'] . "</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Comment: <textarea name="comment" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Comment" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 179. Task Reminder System
// ============================
$tasks = [
['task' => 'Buy groceries', 'due' => '2024-11-20'],
['task' => 'Complete homework', 'due' => '2024-11-21'],
];
echo "<h3>Your Tasks</h3>";
foreach ($tasks as $task) {
echo "<p>Task: " . $task['task'] . " - Due: " . $task['due'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 180. Social Media Feed System
// ============================
$posts = [
['user' => 'Alice', 'content' => 'Had a great day!', 'date' => '2024-11-19'],
['user' => 'Bob', 'content' => 'Check out this cool project I made!', 'date' => '2024-11-18'],
];
echo "<h3>Recent Posts</h3>";
foreach ($posts as $post) {
echo "<p><b>" . $post['user'] . ":</b> " . $post['content'] . " <i>on " . $post['date'] . "</i></p>";
}
// ============================
// 181. Library System
// ============================
$books = [
['title' => 'To Kill a Mockingbird', 'author' => 'Harper Lee', 'status' => 'Available'],
['title' => '1984', 'author' => 'George Orwell', 'status' => 'Checked Out'],
];
echo "<h3>Library Books</h3>";
foreach ($books as $book) {
echo "<p>Title: " . $book['title'] . " - Author: " . $book['author'] . " - Status: " . $book['status'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 182. Admin Panel for CRUD Operations
// ============================
$users = [
['username' => 'admin', 'email' => 'admin@example.com'],
['username' => 'user1', 'email' => 'user1@example.com'],
];
echo "<h3>Manage Users</h3>";
foreach ($users as $user) {
echo "<p>Username: " . $user['username'] . " - Email: " . $user['email'] . "</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Username: <input type="text" name="username" required /><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add User" />
</form>';
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 183. Contact Form System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['name'], $_POST['email'], $_POST['message'])) {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
// Send an email to the admin (for demo purposes, we'll just print it)
echo "<p>Thank you for your message, $name! We will get back to you soon.</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" required /><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
Message: <textarea name="message" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send Message" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 184. Simple File Upload System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_FILES['file'])) {
$file = $_FILES['file'];
$upload_dir = 'uploads/';
$upload_path = $upload_dir . basename($file['name']);
if (move_uploaded_file($file['tmp_name'], $upload_path)) {
echo "<p>File uploaded successfully!</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>File upload failed!</p>";
}
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Select a file: <input type="file" name="file" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload File" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 185. Currency Converter
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['amount'], $_POST['currency'])) {
$amount = $_POST['amount'];
$currency = $_POST['currency'];
$conversion_rate = 1.2; // Example rate for conversion
$converted_amount = $amount * $conversion_rate;
echo "<p>Converted Amount: $converted_amount $currency</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Amount: <input type="number" name="amount" required /><br>
Currency: <input type="text" name="currency" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Convert" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 186. Simple Login System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['username'], $_POST['password'])) {
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
// Simple validation (for demo purposes)
if ($username == 'admin' && $password == 'password') {
echo "<p>Welcome, $username!</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>Invalid username or password!</p>";
}
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Username: <input type="text" name="username" required /><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="password" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Login" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 187. Simple To-Do List
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['task'])) {
$task = $_POST['task'];
// Store tasks in a session (for demo purposes)
session_start();
$_SESSION['tasks'][] = $task;
echo "<p>Task added successfully!</p>";
} else {
echo "<h3>To-Do List</h3>";
if (isset($_SESSION['tasks'])) {
foreach ($_SESSION['tasks'] as $task) {
echo "<p>- $task</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Task: <input type="text" name="task" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Task" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 188. Product Search System
// ============================
$products = [
['name' => 'Laptop', 'price' => '$1000'],
['name' => 'Phone', 'price' => '$500'],
['name' => 'Tablet', 'price' => '$300'],
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['search'])) {
$search = strtolower($_POST['search']);
$filtered_products = array_filter($products, function($product) use ($search) {
return strpos(strtolower($product['name']), $search) !== false;
});
echo "<h3>Search Results:</h3>";
if ($filtered_products) {
foreach ($filtered_products as $product) {
echo "<p>Name: " . $product['name'] . " - Price: " . $product['price'] . "</p>";
}
} else {
echo "<p>No products found.</p>";
}
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Search Product: <input type="text" name="search" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Search" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 189. Admin Dashboard
// ============================
echo "<h3>Admin Dashboard</h3>";
echo "<p>Welcome to the admin panel!</p>";
echo "<p><a href='admin-users.php'>Manage Users</a></p>";
echo "<p><a href='admin-settings.php'>Settings</a></p>";
echo "<p><a href='logout.php'>Logout</a></p>";
// ============================
// 190. Newsletter System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['email'])) {
$email = $_POST['email'];
echo "<p>Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter, $email!</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Subscribe" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 191. Event Booking System
// ============================
$events = [
['title' => 'PHP Workshop', 'date' => '2024-12-01'],
['title' => 'Web Development Conference', 'date' => '2024-12-15'],
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['event'])) {
$event = $_POST['event'];
echo "<p>You have successfully booked for the event: $event</p>";
} else {
echo "<h3>Available Events</h3>";
foreach ($events as $event) {
echo "<p>" . $event['title'] . " - Date: " . $event['date'] . "</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Select Event: <select name="event" required>
<option value="PHP Workshop">PHP Workshop</option>
<option value="Web Development Conference">Web Development Conference</option>
</select><br>
<input type="submit" value="Book Event" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 192. Simple Blogging Platform
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['title'], $_POST['content'])) {
$title = $_POST['title'];
$content = $_POST['content'];
echo "<h3>New Blog Post</h3>";
echo "<h4>$title</h4>";
echo "<p>$content</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Title: <input type="text" name="title" required /><br>
Content: <textarea name="content" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Publish Post" />
</form>';
}
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 193. User Profile System
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['username'], $_POST['email'], $_POST['bio'])) {
$_SESSION['username'] = $_POST['username'];
$_SESSION['email'] = $_POST['email'];
$_SESSION['bio'] = $_POST['bio'];
echo "<p>Profile updated successfully!</p>";
} else {
if (isset($_SESSION['username'])) {
echo "<h3>Welcome, " . $_SESSION['username'] . "</h3>";
echo "<p>Email: " . $_SESSION['email'] . "</p>";
echo "<p>Bio: " . $_SESSION['bio'] . "</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Username: <input type="text" name="username" required /><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
Bio: <textarea name="bio" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Update Profile" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 194. Simple Feedback System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['feedback'])) {
$feedback = $_POST['feedback'];
echo "<p>Thank you for your feedback: $feedback</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Your Feedback: <textarea name="feedback" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Feedback" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 195. Simple Blog Post System with Comments
// ============================
$posts = [
['title' => 'PHP Basics', 'content' => 'Learn the basics of PHP.', 'comments' => []],
['title' => 'Advanced PHP', 'content' => 'Dive into advanced PHP topics.', 'comments' => []],
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['comment'], $_POST['post_id'])) {
$comment = $_POST['comment'];
$post_id = $_POST['post_id'];
$posts[$post_id]['comments'][] = $comment;
echo "<p>Comment added successfully!</p>";
}
foreach ($posts as $post_id => $post) {
echo "<h3>" . $post['title'] . "</h3>";
echo "<p>" . $post['content'] . "</p>";
echo "<h4>Comments:</h4>";
foreach ($post['comments'] as $comment) {
echo "<p>$comment</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Comment: <textarea name="comment" required></textarea><br>
<input type="hidden" name="post_id" value="' . $post_id . '" />
<input type="submit" value="Add Comment" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 196. Simple Polling System
// ============================
$options = ['Option 1', 'Option 2', 'Option 3'];
$votes = [0, 0, 0];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['vote'])) {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
$votes[$vote]++;
echo "<p>Thank you for voting!</p>";
}
echo "<h3>Poll: What is your favorite option?</h3>";
foreach ($options as $index => $option) {
echo "<p>$option - Votes: " . $votes[$index] . "</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
<label>Select your vote:</label><br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="0" required /> Option 1<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="1" required /> Option 2<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="2" required /> Option 3<br>
<input type="submit" value="Vote" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 197. Basic Task Manager
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['task'])) {
$_SESSION['tasks'][] = $_POST['task'];
}
echo "<h3>Your Tasks:</h3>";
if (isset($_SESSION['tasks'])) {
foreach ($_SESSION['tasks'] as $task) {
echo "<p>- $task</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Task: <input type="text" name="task" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Task" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 198. User Registration with Email Confirmation
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['email'], $_POST['password'])) {
$email = $_POST['email'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
// Here, send confirmation email (for demo, we'll just simulate it)
echo "<p>A confirmation email has been sent to $email!</p>";
// Send email to user here...
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="password" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Register" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 199. Dynamic Price Calculator
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['quantity'], $_POST['unit_price'])) {
$quantity = $_POST['quantity'];
$unit_price = $_POST['unit_price'];
$total_price = $quantity * $unit_price;
echo "<p>Total Price: $$total_price</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Quantity: <input type="number" name="quantity" required /><br>
Unit Price: <input type="number" name="unit_price" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Calculate Price" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 200. Simple Subscription System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['subscription'])) {
$subscription = $_POST['subscription'];
echo "<p>You have successfully subscribed to the $subscription plan!</p>";
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Select Subscription Plan: <br>
<input type="radio" name="subscription" value="Basic" required /> Basic Plan - $10/month<br>
<input type="radio" name="subscription" value="Premium" required /> Premium Plan - $20/month<br>
<input type="submit" value="Subscribe" />
</form>';
}
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 201. Simple Content Management System (CMS)
// ============================
$articles = [
['title' => 'How to Learn PHP', 'content' => 'Learn PHP from scratch with simple tutorials.'],
['title' => 'PHP Best Practices', 'content' => 'Follow these best practices for cleaner and more efficient code.'],
];
echo "<h3>Articles</h3>";
foreach ($articles as $article) {
echo "<h4>" . $article['title'] . "</h4>";
echo "<p>" . $article['content'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 202. Simple E-commerce Product Page
// ============================
$products = [
['name' => 'Product 1', 'price' => 29.99],
['name' => 'Product 2', 'price' => 49.99],
['name' => 'Product 3', 'price' => 19.99],
];
echo "<h3>Products</h3>";
foreach ($products as $product) {
echo "<h4>" . $product['name'] . "</h4>";
echo "<p>Price: $" . $product['price'] . "</p>";
echo "<button>Add to Cart</button>";
}
// ============================
// 203. Simple Currency Converter
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['amount'], $_POST['currency'])) {
$amount = $_POST['amount'];
$currency = $_POST['currency'];
$conversion_rates = [
'USD' => 1,
'EUR' => 0.85,
'GBP' => 0.75,
];
if (isset($conversion_rates[$currency])) {
$converted_amount = $amount * $conversion_rates[$currency];
echo "<p>Converted Amount: $converted_amount $currency</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>Invalid currency selected.</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Amount: <input type="number" name="amount" required /><br>
Currency:
<select name="currency" required>
<option value="USD">USD</option>
<option value="EUR">EUR</option>
<option value="GBP">GBP</option>
</select><br>
<input type="submit" value="Convert" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 204. Simple Contact Form with Validation
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['name'], $_POST['email'], $_POST['message'])) {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
if (!filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)) {
echo "<p>Invalid email address.</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>Thank you, $name! Your message has been received.</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" required /><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
Message: <textarea name="message" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send Message" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 205. Simple Todo List
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['task'])) {
$_SESSION['tasks'][] = $_POST['task'];
}
echo "<h3>Your Tasks:</h3>";
if (isset($_SESSION['tasks'])) {
foreach ($_SESSION['tasks'] as $task) {
echo "<p>- $task</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Task: <input type="text" name="task" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Task" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 206. Simple Image Gallery
// ============================
$images = ['image1.jpg', 'image2.jpg', 'image3.jpg'];
echo "<h3>Image Gallery</h3>";
foreach ($images as $image) {
echo "<img src='$image' alt='Image' style='width:200px; height:200px;' />";
}
// ============================
// 207. Basic News Portal
// ============================
$news = [
['title' => 'Breaking News', 'content' => 'A big event has just happened in the world. Stay tuned for more details.'],
['title' => 'Tech News', 'content' => 'New technologies are changing the world. Get the latest updates here.'],
];
echo "<h3>News Portal</h3>";
foreach ($news as $article) {
echo "<h4>" . $article['title'] . "</h4>";
echo "<p>" . $article['content'] . "</p>";
}
// ============================
// 208. Simple Online Poll
// ============================
$poll_options = ['Option 1', 'Option 2', 'Option 3'];
$poll_votes = [0, 0, 0];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['vote'])) {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
$poll_votes[$vote]++;
echo "<p>Thank you for voting!</p>";
}
echo "<h3>Vote for your favorite option:</h3>";
foreach ($poll_options as $index => $option) {
echo "<p>$option - Votes: " . $poll_votes[$index] . "</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
<label>Select your vote:</label><br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="0" required /> Option 1<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="1" required /> Option 2<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="2" required /> Option 3<br>
<input type="submit" value="Vote" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 209. Simple Feedback Form
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['feedback'])) {
$feedback = $_POST['feedback'];
echo "<p>Thank you for your feedback: $feedback</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Your Feedback: <textarea name="feedback" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Feedback" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 210. Simple File Upload System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_FILES['file'])) {
$file = $_FILES['file'];
$upload_dir = 'uploads/';
$upload_file = $upload_dir . basename($file['name']);
if (move_uploaded_file($file['tmp_name'], $upload_file)) {
echo "<p>File uploaded successfully!</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>File upload failed.</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Select file to upload: <input type="file" name="file" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload" />
</form>';
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 211. Simple Login System with Sessions
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['username'], $_POST['password'])) {
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
// Hardcoded username and password for simplicity
if ($username === 'admin' && $password === 'password123') {
$_SESSION['logged_in'] = true;
echo "<p>Welcome, $username!</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>Invalid credentials. Please try again.</p>";
}
}
if (!isset($_SESSION['logged_in'])) {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Username: <input type="text" name="username" required /><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="password" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Login" />
</form>';
} else {
echo "<p>You are already logged in.</p>";
}
// ============================
// 212. Simple Registration Form
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['name'], $_POST['email'], $_POST['password'])) {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$password = $_POST['password'];
// Normally, save to database, here we just show a message
echo "<p>Registration successful. Welcome, $name!</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" required /><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="password" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Register" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 213. Simple Newsletter Subscription
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['email'])) {
$email = $_POST['email'];
echo "<p>Thank you for subscribing with email: $email</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Subscribe to our newsletter: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Subscribe" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 214. Contact Form with Email
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['name'], $_POST['email'], $_POST['message'])) {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
$to = 'admin@example.com';
$subject = 'New Contact Form Submission';
$body = "Name: $name\nEmail: $email\nMessage: $message";
$headers = 'From: ' . $email;
if (mail($to, $subject, $body, $headers)) {
echo "<p>Thank you, $name! Your message has been sent.</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>Failed to send the message. Please try again.</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" required /><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
Message: <textarea name="message" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send Message" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 215. Simple Voting System with Results
// ============================
$votes = [
'Option 1' => 0,
'Option 2' => 0,
'Option 3' => 0,
];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['vote'])) {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
$votes[$vote]++;
}
echo "<h3>Vote for your favorite option:</h3>";
foreach ($votes as $option => $count) {
echo "<p>$option - Votes: $count</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
<label>Select your vote:</label><br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Option 1" required /> Option 1<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Option 2" required /> Option 2<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Option 3" required /> Option 3<br>
<input type="submit" value="Vote" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 216. Simple File Download System
// ============================
$file = 'sample.pdf';
if (isset($_GET['download'])) {
header('Content-Type: application/pdf');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="sample.pdf"');
readfile($file);
exit;
}
echo '<a href="?download=true">Download PDF File</a>';
// ============================
// 217. Simple Image Upload and Display
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_FILES['image'])) {
$image = $_FILES['image'];
$upload_dir = 'uploads/';
$upload_file = $upload_dir . basename($image['name']);
if (move_uploaded_file($image['tmp_name'], $upload_file)) {
echo "<p>Image uploaded successfully!</p>";
echo "<img src='$upload_file' alt='Uploaded Image' style='width:200px; height:200px;' />";
} else {
echo "<p>Failed to upload image.</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Select an image to upload: <input type="file" name="image" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload Image" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 218. Simple User Profile Page
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['username'], $_POST['email'])) {
$_SESSION['username'] = $_POST['username'];
$_SESSION['email'] = $_POST['email'];
}
if (isset($_SESSION['username'])) {
echo "<h3>User Profile</h3>";
echo "<p>Username: " . $_SESSION['username'] . "</p>";
echo "<p>Email: " . $_SESSION['email'] . "</p>";
echo '<a href="logout.php">Logout</a>';
} else {
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Username: <input type="text" name="username" required /><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Save Profile" />
</form>';
}
// ============================
// 219. Simple To-Do List with Delete Option
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['task'])) {
$_SESSION['tasks'][] = $_POST['task'];
}
if (isset($_GET['delete'])) {
$task_index = $_GET['delete'];
unset($_SESSION['tasks'][$task_index]);
}
echo "<h3>To-Do List</h3>";
if (isset($_SESSION['tasks'])) {
foreach ($_SESSION['tasks'] as $index => $task) {
echo "<p>$task <a href='?delete=$index'>Delete</a></p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Task: <input type="text" name="task" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Task" />
</form>';
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 220. Simple Calculator
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['num1'], $_POST['num2'], $_POST['operation'])) {
$num1 = $_POST['num1'];
$num2 = $_POST['num2'];
$operation = $_POST['operation'];
switch ($operation) {
case 'add':
$result = $num1 + $num2;
break;
case 'subtract':
$result = $num1 - $num2;
break;
case 'multiply':
$result = $num1 * $num2;
break;
case 'divide':
if ($num2 != 0) {
$result = $num1 / $num2;
} else {
$result = "Cannot divide by zero.";
}
break;
default:
$result = "Invalid operation.";
}
echo "<p>Result: $result</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Number 1: <input type="number" name="num1" required /><br>
Number 2: <input type="number" name="num2" required /><br>
Operation:
<select name="operation">
<option value="add">Add</option>
<option value="subtract">Subtract</option>
<option value="multiply">Multiply</option>
<option value="divide">Divide</option>
</select><br>
<input type="submit" value="Calculate" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 221. Currency Converter
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['amount'], $_POST['currency'])) {
$amount = $_POST['amount'];
$currency = $_POST['currency'];
// Simple conversion rates
$rates = [
'USD' => 1,
'EUR' => 0.85,
'GBP' => 0.75,
'INR' => 75
];
if (isset($rates[$currency])) {
$converted = $amount * $rates[$currency];
echo "<p>$amount USD = $converted $currency</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>Invalid currency.</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Amount (in USD): <input type="number" name="amount" required /><br>
Currency:
<select name="currency">
<option value="EUR">EUR</option>
<option value="GBP">GBP</option>
<option value="INR">INR</option>
</select><br>
<input type="submit" value="Convert" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 222. Simple Quiz App
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['answer'])) {
$correct_answer = 'C';
$user_answer = $_POST['answer'];
if ($user_answer == $correct_answer) {
echo "<p>Correct! You answered $user_answer.</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>Incorrect. The correct answer was $correct_answer.</p>";
}
}
echo '<h3>What is the capital of France?</h3>';
echo '<form action="" method="post">
A) Berlin <br>
B) Madrid <br>
C) Paris <br>
<input type="radio" name="answer" value="A"> A <br>
<input type="radio" name="answer" value="B"> B <br>
<input type="radio" name="answer" value="C"> C <br><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 223. Simple Blog System
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['title'], $_POST['content'])) {
$_SESSION['posts'][] = [
'title' => $_POST['title'],
'content' => $_POST['content'],
];
}
echo "<h3>Blog Posts</h3>";
if (isset($_SESSION['posts'])) {
foreach ($_SESSION['posts'] as $post) {
echo "<h4>{$post['title']}</h4>";
echo "<p>{$post['content']}</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Title: <input type="text" name="title" required /><br>
Content: <textarea name="content" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Publish Post" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 224. Basic Email Validation
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['email'])) {
$email = $_POST['email'];
if (filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)) {
echo "<p>$email is a valid email address.</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>$email is not a valid email address.</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Enter email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Validate Email" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 225. Dynamic Drop-down List
// ============================
$categories = ['Technology', 'Health', 'Sports', 'Entertainment'];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['category'])) {
echo "<p>You selected: " . $_POST['category'] . "</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Category:
<select name="category">
<option value="">Select</option>';
foreach ($categories as $category) {
echo "<option value='$category'>$category</option>";
}
echo '</select><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 226. Simple Guestbook System
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['name'], $_POST['message'])) {
$_SESSION['guestbook'][] = [
'name' => $_POST['name'],
'message' => $_POST['message'],
];
}
echo "<h3>Guestbook</h3>";
if (isset($_SESSION['guestbook'])) {
foreach ($_SESSION['guestbook'] as $entry) {
echo "<p><strong>{$entry['name']}</strong>: {$entry['message']}</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" required /><br>
Message: <textarea name="message" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Sign Guestbook" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 227. Simple Polling System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['vote'])) {
$vote = $_POST['vote'];
echo "<p>Thank you for voting for: $vote</p>";
}
echo '<h3>Which is your favorite programming language?</h3>';
echo '<form action="" method="post">
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="PHP"> PHP<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Python"> Python<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="JavaScript"> JavaScript<br>
<input type="submit" value="Vote" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 228. Random Number Generator
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['min'], $_POST['max'])) {
$min = $_POST['min'];
$max = $_POST['max'];
$random_number = rand($min, $max);
echo "<p>Generated Random Number: $random_number</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Min: <input type="number" name="min" required /><br>
Max: <input type="number" name="max" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Generate" />
</form>';
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 229. To-Do List Application
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['task'])) {
$_SESSION['tasks'][] = $_POST['task'];
}
echo "<h3>To-Do List</h3>";
if (isset($_SESSION['tasks'])) {
foreach ($_SESSION['tasks'] as $task) {
echo "<p>$task</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Task: <input type="text" name="task" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Task" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 230. Basic File Upload
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_FILES['file'])) {
$file_name = $_FILES['file']['name'];
$tmp_name = $_FILES['file']['tmp_name'];
$upload_dir = 'uploads/';
move_uploaded_file($tmp_name, $upload_dir . $file_name);
echo "<p>File '$file_name' uploaded successfully!</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Choose file: <input type="file" name="file" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 231. Simple User Registration
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['username'], $_POST['password'])) {
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = password_hash($_POST['password'], PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
// Store user credentials (In real applications, store in database)
$_SESSION['user'] = ['username' => $username, 'password' => $password];
echo "<p>User '$username' registered successfully!</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Username: <input type="text" name="username" required /><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="password" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Register" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 232. Simple Login System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['login_username'], $_POST['login_password'])) {
$login_username = $_POST['login_username'];
$login_password = $_POST['login_password'];
// In real applications, check against database
if (isset($_SESSION['user']) && $login_username == $_SESSION['user']['username'] && password_verify($login_password, $_SESSION['user']['password'])) {
echo "<p>Welcome, $login_username!</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>Invalid username or password.</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Username: <input type="text" name="login_username" required /><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="login_password" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Login" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 233. Contact Form with Email
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['name'], $_POST['email'], $_POST['message'])) {
$to = "admin@example.com"; // Change to your email address
$subject = "Contact Form Submission";
$message = "Name: {$_POST['name']}\nEmail: {$_POST['email']}\nMessage: {$_POST['message']}";
$headers = "From: {$_POST['email']}";
mail($to, $subject, $message, $headers);
echo "<p>Message sent successfully!</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" required /><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
Message: <textarea name="message" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send Message" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 234. File Download System
// ============================
$file = 'example.txt'; // Specify file to download
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && file_exists($file)) {
header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="' . basename($file) . '"');
header('Content-Length: ' . filesize($file));
readfile($file);
exit;
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
<input type="submit" value="Download File" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 235. Image Gallery
// ============================
$images = ['image1.jpg', 'image2.jpg', 'image3.jpg']; // Array of images (change paths)
echo "<h3>Image Gallery</h3>";
foreach ($images as $image) {
echo "<img src='$image' alt='Image' style='width:100px; height:100px; margin:10px;'>";
}
// ============================
// 236. Simple Chat Application (Without DB)
# Create a simple PHP-based chat using session or file
// ============================
session_start();
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['message'])) {
$_SESSION['messages'][] = $_POST['message'];
}
echo "<h3>Chat Room</h3>";
if (isset($_SESSION['messages'])) {
foreach ($_SESSION['messages'] as $message) {
echo "<p>$message</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Message: <input type="text" name="message" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 237. Feedback Form
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['feedback'])) {
$feedback = $_POST['feedback'];
echo "<p>Thank you for your feedback!</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Your Feedback: <textarea name="feedback" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Feedback" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 238. Basic Polling System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['poll'])) {
echo "<p>You voted for: " . $_POST['poll'] . "</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Vote for your favorite fruit:<br>
<input type="radio" name="poll" value="Apple"> Apple<br>
<input type="radio" name="poll" value="Banana"> Banana<br>
<input type="radio" name="poll" value="Cherry"> Cherry<br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Vote" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 239. Simple File Manager
// ============================
$dir = 'uploads/'; // Directory to manage files
if (!is_dir($dir)) {
mkdir($dir);
}
$files = scandir($dir);
echo "<h3>File Manager</h3>";
foreach ($files as $file) {
if ($file != '.' && $file != '..') {
echo "<p><a href='$dir/$file'>$file</a></p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Choose file to upload: <input type="file" name="file" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload File" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 240. Contact Form with Captcha
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['captcha'])) {
if ($_POST['captcha'] == $_SESSION['captcha_answer']) {
echo "<p>Captcha verified successfully!</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>Invalid Captcha.</p>";
}
}
$captcha = rand(1000, 9999);
$_SESSION['captcha_answer'] = $captcha;
echo "<img src='https://via.placeholder.com/150?text=$captcha' alt='Captcha' /><br>";
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Enter Captcha: <input type="text" name="captcha" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Verify Captcha" />
</form>';
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 241. Simple Newsletter Subscription
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['email'])) {
$email = $_POST['email'];
echo "<p>Thank you for subscribing with the email: $email!</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Subscribe to our newsletter: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Subscribe" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 242. User Profile with Image Upload
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_FILES['profile_image'])) {
$file_name = $_FILES['profile_image']['name'];
$tmp_name = $_FILES['profile_image']['tmp_name'];
$upload_dir = 'profiles/';
move_uploaded_file($tmp_name, $upload_dir . $file_name);
echo "<p>Profile picture uploaded successfully!</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Choose Profile Image: <input type="file" name="profile_image" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 243. Simple Event Booking System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['event_name'], $_POST['event_date'])) {
$event_name = $_POST['event_name'];
$event_date = $_POST['event_date'];
echo "<p>Event '$event_name' booked for $event_date!</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Event Name: <input type="text" name="event_name" required /><br>
Event Date: <input type="date" name="event_date" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Book Event" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 244. File Search System
// ============================
$dir = 'uploads/';
$files = scandir($dir);
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['search'])) {
$search = $_POST['search'];
$results = array_filter($files, fn($file) => strpos($file, $search) !== false);
echo "<h3>Search Results</h3>";
foreach ($results as $file) {
echo "<p><a href='$dir/$file'>$file</a></p>";
}
} else {
echo "<h3>All Files</h3>";
foreach ($files as $file) {
echo "<p><a href='$dir/$file'>$file</a></p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Search for file: <input type="text" name="search" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Search" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 245. Simple Blog Post System
// ============================
$posts = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['title'], $_POST['content'])) {
$title = $_POST['title'];
$content = $_POST['content'];
$posts[] = ['title' => $title, 'content' => $content];
}
echo "<h3>Blog Posts</h3>";
foreach ($posts as $post) {
echo "<h4>{$post['title']}</h4><p>{$post['content']}</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Title: <input type="text" name="title" required /><br>
Content: <textarea name="content" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Post Blog" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 246. Basic Address Book
// ============================
$contacts = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['name'], $_POST['email'], $_POST['phone'])) {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$phone = $_POST['phone'];
$contacts[] = ['name' => $name, 'email' => $email, 'phone' => $phone];
}
echo "<h3>Contact List</h3>";
foreach ($contacts as $contact) {
echo "<p>Name: {$contact['name']}<br>Email: {$contact['email']}<br>Phone: {$contact['phone']}</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" required /><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
Phone: <input type="text" name="phone" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Contact" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 247. Simple Poll with Results
// ============================
$votes = ['Yes' => 0, 'No' => 0];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['vote'])) {
$votes[$_POST['vote']]++;
}
echo "<h3>Poll: Do you like PHP?</h3>";
echo "<p>Yes: {$votes['Yes']}</p>";
echo "<p>No: {$votes['No']}</p>";
echo '<form action="" method="post">
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="Yes" /> Yes<br>
<input type="radio" name="vote" value="No" /> No<br>
<input type="submit" value="Vote" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 248. Guestbook System
// ============================
$messages = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['guest_message'])) {
$guest_message = $_POST['guest_message'];
$messages[] = $guest_message;
}
echo "<h3>Guestbook</h3>";
foreach ($messages as $message) {
echo "<p>$message</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Leave a message: <textarea name="guest_message" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Sign Guestbook" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 249. Basic Ticket Booking System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['event'], $_POST['tickets'])) {
$event = $_POST['event'];
$tickets = $_POST['tickets'];
echo "<p>You've booked $tickets tickets for the '$event' event!</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Event: <input type="text" name="event" required /><br>
Number of Tickets: <input type="number" name="tickets" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Book Tickets" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 250. Basic Email Validation System
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['email'])) {
$email = $_POST['email'];
if (filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)) {
echo "<p>Email '$email' is valid.</p>";
} else {
echo "<p>Email '$email' is invalid.</p>";
}
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Enter your email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Validate Email" />
</form>';
?>
<?php
// ============================
// 251. Simple Task Management System
// ============================
$tasks = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['task_name'])) {
$task_name = $_POST['task_name'];
$tasks[] = $task_name;
}
echo "<h3>Task List</h3>";
foreach ($tasks as $task) {
echo "<p>$task</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Task: <input type="text" name="task_name" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Task" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 252. Simple To-Do List with Due Date
// ============================
$todo_items = [];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['todo_name'], $_POST['due_date'])) {
$todo_name = $_POST['todo_name'];
$due_date = $_POST['due_date'];
$todo_items[] = ['task' => $todo_name, 'due' => $due_date];
}
echo "<h3>To-Do List</h3>";
foreach ($todo_items as $todo) {
echo "<p>Task: {$todo['task']} | Due: {$todo['due']}</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Task: <input type="text" name="todo_name" required /><br>
Due Date: <input type="date" name="due_date" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Add Task" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 253. Contact Form with Email Notification
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['name'], $_POST['email'], $_POST['message'])) {
$name = $_POST['name'];
$email = $_POST['email'];
$message = $_POST['message'];
$to = 'admin@example.com';
$subject = "Contact Form Message from $name";
$message_body = "Name: $name\nEmail: $email\nMessage: $message";
mail($to, $subject, $message_body);
echo "<p>Thank you for contacting us! We'll get back to you soon.</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" required /><br>
Email: <input type="email" name="email" required /><br>
Message: <textarea name="message" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 254. Simple Currency Converter
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['amount'], $_POST['currency'])) {
$amount = $_POST['amount'];
$currency = $_POST['currency'];
$conversion_rate = 0;
if ($currency == 'USD') {
$conversion_rate = 1.1; // Example: 1 USD = 1.1 EUR
} else if ($currency == 'EUR') {
$conversion_rate = 0.9; // Example: 1 EUR = 0.9 USD
}
$converted_amount = $amount * $conversion_rate;
echo "<p>Converted Amount: $converted_amount</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Amount: <input type="number" name="amount" required /><br>
Convert to:
<select name="currency">
<option value="USD">USD</option>
<option value="EUR">EUR</option>
</select><br>
<input type="submit" value="Convert" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 255. Real-Time Chat System (Using PHP and JavaScript)
// ============================
echo "<h3>Real-Time Chat</h3>";
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['message'])) {
$message = $_POST['message'];
// Save message to database or a text file
echo "<p>You: $message</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Message: <input type="text" name="message" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Send" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 256. Basic Online Polling System with Results
// ============================
$poll_results = ['Option 1' => 0, 'Option 2' => 0, 'Option 3' => 0];
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['poll_option'])) {
$poll_results[$_POST['poll_option']]++;
}
echo "<h3>Poll: What is your favorite color?</h3>";
foreach ($poll_results as $option => $votes) {
echo "<p>$option: $votes votes</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
<input type="radio" name="poll_option" value="Option 1" /> Option 1<br>
<input type="radio" name="poll_option" value="Option 2" /> Option 2<br>
<input type="radio" name="poll_option" value="Option 3" /> Option 3<br>
<input type="submit" value="Vote" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 257. Basic Online Quiz with Score Calculation
// ============================
$questions = [
'What is 2 + 2?' => ['answer' => '4', 'options' => ['3', '4', '5']],
'What is the capital of France?' => ['answer' => 'Paris', 'options' => ['London', 'Berlin', 'Paris']],
];
$score = 0;
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
foreach ($questions as $question => $data) {
if (isset($_POST[$question]) && $_POST[$question] == $data['answer']) {
$score++;
}
}
echo "<p>Your score: $score / " . count($questions) . "</p>";
}
echo "<h3>Quiz</h3>";
foreach ($questions as $question => $data) {
echo "<p>$question</p>";
foreach ($data['options'] as $option) {
echo "<input type='radio' name='$question' value='$option' /> $option<br>";
}
}
echo '<input type="submit" value="Submit" />';
// ============================
// 258. File Upload and Display Images
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_FILES['image'])) {
$file_name = $_FILES['image']['name'];
$tmp_name = $_FILES['image']['tmp_name'];
$upload_dir = 'uploads/';
move_uploaded_file($tmp_name, $upload_dir . $file_name);
echo "<p>Image uploaded successfully!</p>";
echo "<img src='$upload_dir$file_name' />";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Choose Image: <input type="file" name="image" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Upload Image" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 259. URL Shortener
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['url'])) {
$url = $_POST['url'];
$shortened_url = substr(md5($url), 0, 6); // Simple shortening by hashing
echo "<p>Shortened URL: <a href='$url'>$shortened_url</a></p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Enter URL: <input type="url" name="url" required /><br>
<input type="submit" value="Shorten" />
</form>';
// ============================
// 260. Simple Feedback Form
// ============================
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_POST['feedback'])) {
$feedback = $_POST['feedback'];
echo "<p>Thank you for your feedback: $feedback</p>";
}
echo '<form action="" method="post">
Your Feedback: <textarea name="feedback" required></textarea><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Feedback" />
</form>';
?>
CREATE A DATA FRAME IN PYTHON
CHECK THE WEBSITE IS ONLINE IN PYTHON
200 Mostly Used Program in Python With Code
# ============================
# 1. Hello World Program
# ============================
def hello_world():
print("Hello, World!")
# ============================
# 2. Calculator
# ============================
def calculator():
num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
operation = input("Enter operation (+, -, *, /): ")
if operation == "+":
print(f"Result: {num1 + num2}")
elif operation == "-":
print(f"Result: {num1 - num2}")
elif operation == "*":
print(f"Result: {num1 * num2}")
elif operation == "/":
print(f"Result: {num1 / num2}")
else:
print("Invalid operation")
# ============================
# 3. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
number = random.randint(1, 100)
guess = None
while guess != number:
guess = int(input("Guess the number between 1 and 100: "))
if guess < number:
print("Too low!")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high!")
else:
print("You guessed it!")
# ============================
# 4. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import time
def alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter alarm time (HH:MM:SS): ")
print("Setting alarm...")
while True:
current_time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
if current_time == alarm_time:
print("ALARM! Time's up!")
break
time.sleep(1)
# ============================
# 5. Countdown Timer
# ============================
def countdown_timer():
seconds = int(input("Enter time in seconds: "))
while seconds > 0:
print(f"{seconds} seconds remaining")
time.sleep(1)
seconds -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 6. Basic To-Do List
# ============================
def todo_list():
tasks = []
while True:
task = input("Enter a task (or type 'quit' to exit): ")
if task.lower() == "quit":
break
tasks.append(task)
print("Your tasks:")
for i, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
print(f"{i}. {task}")
# ============================
# 7. Temperature Converter
# ============================
def temperature_converter():
temp = float(input("Enter temperature: "))
scale = input("Enter scale (C for Celsius, F for Fahrenheit): ").lower()
if scale == 'c':
converted = (temp * 9/5) + 32
print(f"{temp} Celsius is {converted} Fahrenheit")
elif scale == 'f':
converted = (temp - 32) * 5/9
print(f"{temp} Fahrenheit is {converted} Celsius")
else:
print("Invalid scale")
# ============================
# 8. Basic Contact Book
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
while True:
name = input("Enter name (or type 'quit' to exit): ")
if name.lower() == 'quit':
break
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print("Contacts:")
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"{name}: {phone}")
# ============================
# 9. Number Converter (Binary, Decimal, Hex)
# ============================
def number_converter():
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
print(f"Binary: {bin(num)}")
print(f"Decimal: {num}")
print(f"Hexadecimal: {hex(num)}")
# ============================
# 10. Mad Libs Game
# ============================
def mad_libs():
adj = input("Enter an adjective: ")
noun = input("Enter a noun: ")
verb = input("Enter a verb: ")
print(f"Once upon a time, a {adj} {noun} decided to {verb}.")
# ============================
# 11. Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [" " for _ in range(9)]
current_player = "X"
def print_board():
print(f"{board[0]} | {board[1]} | {board[2]}")
print("--+---+--")
print(f"{board[3]} | {board[4]} | {board[5]}")
print("--+---+--")
print(f"{board[6]} | {board[7]} | {board[8]}")
while True:
print_board()
move = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter a position (1-9): ")) - 1
if board[move] == " ":
board[move] = current_player
if current_player == "X":
current_player = "O"
else:
current_player = "X"
else:
print("Invalid move. Try again.")
if board.count(" ") == 0:
print("It's a draw!")
break
# ============================
# 12. Rock Paper Scissors Game
# ============================
def rock_paper_scissors():
import random
choices = ["rock", "paper", "scissors"]
user_choice = input("Enter rock, paper, or scissors: ").lower()
computer_choice = random.choice(choices)
print(f"Computer chose: {computer_choice}")
if user_choice == computer_choice:
print("It's a draw!")
elif (user_choice == "rock" and computer_choice == "scissors") or \
(user_choice == "scissors" and computer_choice == "paper") or \
(user_choice == "paper" and computer_choice == "rock"):
print("You win!")
else:
print("You lose!")
# ============================
# 13. Simple Stopwatch
# ============================
import time
def stopwatch():
input("Press Enter to start the stopwatch: ")
start_time = time.time()
input("Press Enter again to stop the stopwatch: ")
end_time = time.time()
elapsed_time = end_time - start_time
print(f"Elapsed time: {elapsed_time:.2f} seconds")
# ============================
# 14. Palindrome Checker
# ============================
def palindrome_checker():
word = input("Enter a word: ").lower()
if word == word[::-1]:
print("The word is a palindrome.")
else:
print("The word is not a palindrome.")
# ============================
# 15. Prime Number Checker
# ============================
def prime_number_checker():
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num <= 1:
print(f"{num} is not a prime number.")
else:
for i in range(2, int(num ** 0.5) + 1):
if num % i == 0:
print(f"{num} is not a prime number.")
break
else:
print(f"{num} is a prime number.")
# ============================
# 16. Factorial Finder
# ============================
def factorial_finder():
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
factorial = 1
for i in range(1, num + 1):
factorial *= i
print(f"Factorial of {num} is {factorial}")
# ============================
# 17. Fibonacci Sequence Generator
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence():
terms = int(input("Enter number of terms: "))
a, b = 0, 1
for _ in range(terms):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
print()
# ============================
# 18. Hangman Game
# ============================
def hangman():
word = "python"
guessed = "_" * len(word)
attempts = 6
guessed_letters = []
while attempts > 0 and "_" in guessed:
print(f"Word: {guessed}")
guess = input("Enter a letter: ").lower()
if guess in guessed_letters:
print(f"You already guessed '{guess}'")
elif guess in word:
guessed_letters.append(guess)
guessed = "".join([letter if letter == guess or letter in guessed_letters else "_" for letter in word])
print("Correct guess!")
else:
guessed_letters.append(guess)
attempts -= 1
print(f"Incorrect guess! You have {attempts} attempts left.")
if "_" not in guessed:
print(f"You won! The word is: {word}")
else:
print(f"You lost! The word was: {word}")
# ============================
# 19. Currency Converter
# ============================
def currency_converter():
amount = float(input("Enter the amount: "))
currency = input("Enter the currency to convert from (USD, EUR, INR): ").upper()
if currency == "USD":
converted = amount * 74.15 # Assuming 1 USD = 74.15 INR
print(f"{amount} USD is {converted:.2f} INR")
elif currency == "EUR":
converted = amount * 89.65 # Assuming 1 EUR = 89.65 INR
print(f"{amount} EUR is {converted:.2f} INR")
elif currency == "INR":
converted = amount / 74.15 # Converting INR to USD
print(f"{amount} INR is {converted:.2f} USD")
else:
print("Invalid currency!")
# ============================
# 20. Email Slicer
# ============================
def email_slicer():
email = input("Enter your email: ")
username, domain = email.split('@')
print(f"Username: {username}")
print(f"Domain: {domain}")
# ============================
# 21. Age Calculator
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def age_calculator():
birthdate = input("Enter your birthdate (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
birth_year = int(birthdate.split('-')[0])
current_year = datetime.now().year
age = current_year - birth_year
print(f"Your age is {age} years.")
# ============================
# 22. Square of Numbers
# ============================
def square_of_numbers():
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
print(f"The square of {num} is {num ** 2}")
# ============================
# 23. Multiplication Table
# ============================
def multiplication_table():
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
for i in range(1, 11):
print(f"{num} x {i} = {num * i}")
# ============================
# 24. Password Strength Checker
# ============================
import re
def password_strength_checker():
password = input("Enter a password: ")
if len(password) < 8:
print("Password is too short!")
elif not re.search(r"\d", password):
print("Password should contain at least one number!")
elif not re.search(r"[A-Za-z]", password):
print("Password should contain at least one letter!")
else:
print("Password is strong.")
# ============================
# 25. Reverse String
# ============================
def reverse_string():
string = input("Enter a string: ")
print(f"Reversed string: {string[::-1]}")
# ============================
# 26. Even or Odd
# ============================
def even_or_odd():
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num % 2 == 0:
print(f"{num} is even")
else:
print(f"{num} is odd")
# ============================
# 27. Bubble Sort Algorithm
# ============================
def bubble_sort():
arr = [int(x) for x in input("Enter numbers separated by space: ").split()]
for i in range(len(arr)):
for j in range(0, len(arr)-i-1):
if arr[j] > arr[j+1]:
arr[j], arr[j+1] = arr[j+1], arr[j]
print(f"Sorted array: {arr}")
# ============================
# 28. Caesar Cipher
# ============================
def caesar_cipher():
text = input("Enter the text to encrypt: ")
shift = int(input("Enter the shift value: "))
encrypted_text = ''.join([chr((ord(char) + shift - 97) % 26 + 97) if char.islower() else chr((ord(char) + shift - 65) % 26 + 65) if char.isupper() else char for char in text])
print(f"Encrypted text: {encrypted_text}")
# ============================
# 29. Web Scraping (Using BeautifulSoup)
# ============================
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
def web_scraping():
url = input("Enter the URL to scrape: ")
page = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(page.content, 'html.parser')
title = soup.title.string
print(f"Page title: {title}")
# ============================
# 30. BMI Calculator
# ============================
def bmi_calculator():
weight = float(input("Enter your weight in kg: "))
height = float(input("Enter your height in meters: "))
bmi = weight / (height ** 2)
print(f"Your BMI is {bmi:.2f}")
if bmi < 18.5:
print("Underweight")
elif 18.5 <= bmi < 24.9:
print("Normal weight")
elif 25 <= bmi < 29.9:
print("Overweight")
else:
print("Obese")
# ============================
# 31. Simple Bank Account System
# ============================
class BankAccount:
def __init__(self, name, balance=0):
self.name = name
self.balance = balance
def deposit(self, amount):
self.balance += amount
print(f"Deposited {amount}. New balance: {self.balance}")
def withdraw(self, amount):
if amount > self.balance:
print("Insufficient balance")
else:
self.balance -= amount
print(f"Withdrew {amount}. New balance: {self.balance}")
def check_balance(self):
print(f"Current balance: {self.balance}")
def bank_system():
name = input("Enter your name: ")
account = BankAccount(name)
while True:
print("\n1. Deposit\n2. Withdraw\n3. Check Balance\n4. Exit")
choice = int(input("Choose an option: "))
if choice == 1:
amount = float(input("Enter amount to deposit: "))
account.deposit(amount)
elif choice == 2:
amount = float(input("Enter amount to withdraw: "))
account.withdraw(amount)
elif choice == 3:
account.check_balance()
elif choice == 4:
break
else:
print("Invalid choice")
# ============================
# 32. Email Validator
# ============================
import re
def email_validator():
email = input("Enter an email: ")
if re.match(r"[^@]+@[^@]+\.[^@]+", email):
print("Valid email address")
else:
print("Invalid email address")
# ============================
# 33. Countdown Clock
# ============================
import time
def countdown_clock():
time_in_seconds = int(input("Enter countdown time in seconds: "))
while time_in_seconds > 0:
print(f"Time remaining: {time_in_seconds} seconds")
time.sleep(1)
time_in_seconds -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 34. Fibonacci Number at Position
# ============================
def fibonacci_number():
n = int(input("Enter the position (n): "))
a, b = 0, 1
for i in range(n):
a, b = b, a + b
print(f"The {n}th Fibonacci number is {a}")
# ============================
# 35. Digital Clock
# ============================
import tkinter as tk
from time import strftime
def digital_clock():
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Digital Clock")
def time():
string = strftime('%H:%M:%S %p')
label.config(text=string)
label.after(1000, time)
label = tk.Label(root, font=('calibri', 50, 'bold'), background='black', foreground='yellow')
label.pack(anchor='center')
time()
root.mainloop()
# ============================
# 36. Simple Number Counter
# ============================
def number_counter():
start = int(input("Enter start number: "))
end = int(input("Enter end number: "))
for num in range(start, end + 1):
print(num)
# ============================
# 37. String Length Calculator
# ============================
def string_length():
string = input("Enter a string: ")
print(f"The length of the string is {len(string)}")
# ============================
# 38. List Reverser
# ============================
def list_reverser():
lst = [int(x) for x in input("Enter numbers separated by space: ").split()]
print(f"Reversed list: {lst[::-1]}")
# ============================
# 39. Simple Interest Calculator
# ============================
def simple_interest_calculator():
p = float(input("Enter principal amount: "))
r = float(input("Enter rate of interest: "))
t = float(input("Enter time in years: "))
si = (p * r * t) / 100
print(f"Simple Interest: {si}")
# ============================
# 40. Leap Year Checker
# ============================
def leap_year_checker():
year = int(input("Enter a year: "))
if (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0) or (year % 400 == 0):
print(f"{year} is a leap year.")
else:
print(f"{year} is not a leap year.")
# ============================
# 41. Simple Voting System
# ============================
def voting_system():
votes = {'Candidate A': 0, 'Candidate B': 0, 'Candidate C': 0}
while True:
print("\n1. Vote for Candidate A\n2. Vote for Candidate B\n3. Vote for Candidate C\n4. Exit")
choice = int(input("Choose your option: "))
if choice == 1:
votes['Candidate A'] += 1
print("You voted for Candidate A.")
elif choice == 2:
votes['Candidate B'] += 1
print("You voted for Candidate B.")
elif choice == 3:
votes['Candidate C'] += 1
print("You voted for Candidate C.")
elif choice == 4:
break
else:
print("Invalid choice.")
print("\nVoting Results:")
for candidate, vote_count in votes.items():
print(f"{candidate}: {vote_count} votes")
# ============================
# 42. Prime Number Checker
# ============================
def prime_number_checker():
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num > 1:
for i in range(2, num):
if num % i == 0:
print(f"{num} is not a prime number.")
break
else:
print(f"{num} is a prime number.")
else:
print(f"{num} is not a prime number.")
# ============================
# 43. Countdown Timer
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer():
count = int(input("Enter countdown time in seconds: "))
while count >= 0:
mins, secs = divmod(count, 60)
timeformat = '{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(mins, secs)
print(timeformat, end='\r')
time.sleep(1)
count -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 44. Random Password Generator
# ============================
import random
import string
def password_generator():
length = int(input("Enter the desired password length: "))
password = ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_letters + string.digits + string.punctuation, k=length))
print(f"Generated Password: {password}")
# ============================
# 45. Distance Converter
# ============================
def distance_converter():
distance = float(input("Enter the distance in kilometers: "))
miles = distance * 0.621371
yards = distance * 1094
feet = distance * 3280.84
print(f"{distance} kilometers is equal to {miles:.2f} miles, {yards:.2f} yards, or {feet:.2f} feet.")
# ============================
# 46. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import datetime
import time
def alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter the alarm time in HH:MM format: ")
while True:
current_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M")
if current_time == alarm_time:
print("Time to wake up!")
break
time.sleep(10)
# ============================
# 47. Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def print_board(board):
for row in board:
print(" | ".join(row))
print("-" * 5)
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [[" " for _ in range(3)] for _ in range(3)]
current_player = "X"
while True:
print_board(board)
row = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter row (0, 1, 2): "))
col = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter column (0, 1, 2): "))
if board[row][col] == " ":
board[row][col] = current_player
if any(all(cell == current_player for cell in row) for row in board) or \
any(all(board[i][j] == current_player for i in range(3)) for j in range(3)) or \
board[0][0] == current_player and board[1][1] == current_player and board[2][2] == current_player or \
board[0][2] == current_player and board[1][1] == current_player and board[2][0] == current_player:
print_board(board)
print(f"Player {current_player} wins!")
break
current_player = "O" if current_player == "X" else "X"
else:
print("Cell already occupied, try again.")
# ============================
# 48. Age Calculator Using Birthdate
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def age_calculator_from_birthdate():
birth_date = input("Enter your birthdate (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
birth_date = datetime.strptime(birth_date, "%Y-%m-%d")
today = datetime.today()
age = today.year - birth_date.year
if today.month < birth_date.month or (today.month == birth_date.month and today.day < birth_date.day):
age -= 1
print(f"Your age is {age} years.")
# ============================
# 49. Character Frequency Counter
# ============================
def char_frequency_counter():
string = input("Enter a string: ")
frequency = {}
for char in string:
frequency[char] = frequency.get(char, 0) + 1
print(f"Character frequencies: {frequency}")
# ============================
# 50. Simple Calculator with Functions
# ============================
def add(x, y):
return x + y
def subtract(x, y):
return x - y
def multiply(x, y):
return x * y
def divide(x, y):
if y == 0:
return "Cannot divide by zero"
return x / y
def calculator():
while True:
print("\n1. Add\n2. Subtract\n3. Multiply\n4. Divide\n5. Exit")
choice = int(input("Choose an operation: "))
if choice == 5:
break
num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
if choice == 1:
print(f"Result: {add(num1, num2)}")
elif choice == 2:
print(f"Result: {subtract(num1, num2)}")
elif choice == 3:
print(f"Result: {multiply(num1, num2)}")
elif choice == 4:
print(f"Result: {divide(num1, num2)}")
else:
print("Invalid choice")
# ============================
# 51. Armstrong Number Checker
# ============================
def armstrong_number_checker():
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
order = len(str(num))
total = sum(int(digit) ** order for digit in str(num))
if num == total:
print(f"{num} is an Armstrong number.")
else:
print(f"{num} is not an Armstrong number.")
# ============================
# 52. Palindrome Checker
# ============================
def palindrome_checker():
string = input("Enter a string: ")
if string == string[::-1]:
print(f"{string} is a palindrome.")
else:
print(f"{string} is not a palindrome.")
# ============================
# 53. Random Joke Generator
# ============================
import pyjokes
def joke_generator():
joke = pyjokes.get_joke()
print(f"Here's a random joke: {joke}")
# ============================
# 54. Fibonacci Sequence Generator
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence():
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms: "))
a, b = 0, 1
print(f"The Fibonacci sequence is: ")
for _ in range(n):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
print()
# ============================
# 55. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
number = random.randint(1, 100)
guess = None
while guess != number:
guess = int(input("Guess the number between 1 and 100: "))
if guess < number:
print("Too low!")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high!")
else:
print("Congratulations! You guessed the number.")
# ============================
# 56. Text File Word Counter
# ============================
def word_counter():
filename = input("Enter the filename: ")
try:
with open(filename, 'r') as file:
text = file.read()
words = text.split()
print(f"The file contains {len(words)} words.")
except FileNotFoundError:
print("File not found!")
# ============================
# 57. Odd or Even Number Checker
# ============================
def odd_even_checker():
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num % 2 == 0:
print(f"{num} is an even number.")
else:
print(f"{num} is an odd number.")
# ============================
# 58. Simple Calculator Using GUI (Tkinter)
# ============================
import tkinter as tk
def calculator_gui():
def button_click(number):
current = entry.get()
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(0, current + str(number))
def button_clear():
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
def button_equal():
try:
result = eval(entry.get())
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(0, result)
except Exception as e:
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(0, "Error")
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Calculator")
entry = tk.Entry(root, width=16, font=("Arial", 24), borderwidth=5, relief="solid")
entry.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)
buttons = [
("1", 1, 1), ("2", 1, 2), ("3", 1, 3), ("+", 1, 4),
("4", 2, 1), ("5", 2, 2), ("6", 2, 3), ("-", 2, 4),
("7", 3, 1), ("8", 3, 2), ("9", 3, 3), ("*", 3, 4),
("C", 4, 1), ("0", 4, 2), ("=", 4, 3), ("/", 4, 4),
]
for (text, row, col) in buttons:
button = tk.Button(root, text=text, width=10, height=3, font=("Arial", 18),
command=lambda text=text: button_click(text) if text not in ("C", "=") else (button_clear() if text == "C" else button_equal()))
button.grid(row=row, column=col)
root.mainloop()
# ============================
# 59. Weather App (Using API)
# ============================
import requests
def weather_app():
api_key = "your_api_key_here"
city = input("Enter city name: ")
url = f"http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q={city}&appid={api_key}&units=metric"
response = requests.get(url).json()
if response["cod"] == "404":
print(f"City {city} not found!")
else:
main = response["main"]
temperature = main["temp"]
pressure = main["pressure"]
humidity = main["humidity"]
weather_desc = response["weather"][0]["description"]
print(f"Temperature: {temperature}°C\nPressure: {pressure} hPa\nHumidity: {humidity}%\nWeather Description: {weather_desc}")
# ============================
# 60. Currency Converter
# ============================
import requests
def currency_converter():
amount = float(input("Enter the amount: "))
from_currency = input("Enter the base currency: ").upper()
to_currency = input("Enter the target currency: ").upper()
url = f"https://api.exchangerate-api.com/v4/latest/{from_currency}"
response = requests.get(url).json()
if "error" in response:
print("Invalid currency code!")
else:
conversion_rate = response["rates"].get(to_currency)
if conversion_rate:
converted_amount = amount * conversion_rate
print(f"{amount} {from_currency} = {converted_amount:.2f} {to_currency}")
else:
print("Conversion rate not found.")
# ============================
# 61. Email Validator
# ============================
import re
def email_validator():
email = input("Enter your email address: ")
# Regular expression for validating an email
regex = r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$'
if re.match(regex, email):
print(f"{email} is a valid email address.")
else:
print(f"{email} is not a valid email address.")
# ============================
# 62. Unit Converter (Temperature)
# ============================
def temperature_converter():
print("Choose the conversion:")
print("1. Celsius to Fahrenheit")
print("2. Fahrenheit to Celsius")
choice = int(input("Enter choice (1 or 2): "))
if choice == 1:
celsius = float(input("Enter temperature in Celsius: "))
fahrenheit = (celsius * 9/5) + 32
print(f"{celsius}°C is equal to {fahrenheit}°F.")
elif choice == 2:
fahrenheit = float(input("Enter temperature in Fahrenheit: "))
celsius = (fahrenheit - 32) * 5/9
print(f"{fahrenheit}°F is equal to {celsius}°C.")
else:
print("Invalid choice.")
# ============================
# 63. Roman to Integer Converter
# ============================
def roman_to_integer():
roman = input("Enter a Roman numeral: ").upper()
roman_dict = {'I': 1, 'V': 5, 'X': 10, 'L': 50, 'C': 100, 'D': 500, 'M': 1000}
total = 0
prev_value = 0
for char in reversed(roman):
value = roman_dict.get(char, 0)
if value < prev_value:
total -= value
else:
total += value
prev_value = value
print(f"The integer value of {roman} is {total}.")
# ============================
# 64. Simple Interest Calculator
# ============================
def simple_interest():
principal = float(input("Enter the principal amount: "))
rate = float(input("Enter the rate of interest: "))
time = float(input("Enter the time period in years: "))
interest = (principal * rate * time) / 100
print(f"The simple interest is: {interest}")
total_amount = principal + interest
print(f"The total amount after interest is: {total_amount}")
# ============================
# 65. Countdown Timer (with Custom Message)
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer_custom_message():
count = int(input("Enter countdown time in seconds: "))
message = input("Enter a custom message for the countdown: ")
while count >= 0:
mins, secs = divmod(count, 60)
timeformat = '{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(mins, secs)
print(timeformat, end='\r')
time.sleep(1)
count -= 1
print(f"Time's up! {message}")
# ============================
# 66. String to Pig Latin Converter
# ============================
def pig_latin_converter():
sentence = input("Enter a sentence: ").split()
pig_latin_sentence = []
for word in sentence:
first_letter = word[0].lower()
if first_letter in 'aeiou':
pig_latin_word = word + 'way'
else:
pig_latin_word = word[1:] + first_letter + 'ay'
pig_latin_sentence.append(pig_latin_word.lower())
print(f"Pig Latin version: {' '.join(pig_latin_sentence)}")
# ============================
# 67. Multiplication Table Generator
# ============================
def multiplication_table():
number = int(input("Enter a number to generate its multiplication table: "))
for i in range(1, 11):
print(f"{number} x {i} = {number * i}")
# ============================
# 68. Magic 8 Ball
# ============================
import random
def magic_8_ball():
responses = [
"Yes", "No", "Maybe", "Ask again later", "Definitely not", "Yes, but not right now",
"The future is unclear", "I don't know", "Certainly", "Not a chance"
]
question = input("Ask a yes or no question: ")
print(f"Magic 8 Ball says: {random.choice(responses)}")
# ============================
# 69. Vowel Counter
# ============================
def vowel_counter():
string = input("Enter a string: ")
vowels = "aeiouAEIOU"
count = sum(1 for char in string if char in vowels)
print(f"The number of vowels in the string is: {count}")
# ============================
# 70. Loan EMI Calculator
# ============================
def loan_emi_calculator():
principal = float(input("Enter the loan amount: "))
rate = float(input("Enter the rate of interest (annual): ")) / 100 / 12
months = int(input("Enter the number of months to pay: "))
emi = (principal * rate * (1 + rate) ** months) / ((1 + rate) ** months - 1)
print(f"Your monthly EMI is: {emi:.2f}")
# ============================
# 71. Contact Book System
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
def add_contact():
name = input("Enter name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Contact {name} added.")
def view_contacts():
if contacts:
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"Name: {name}, Phone: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts available.")
while True:
print("1. Add Contact")
print("2. View Contacts")
print("3. Exit")
choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
if choice == 1:
add_contact()
elif choice == 2:
view_contacts()
elif choice == 3:
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
# ============================
# 72. Task Tracker
# ============================
def task_tracker():
tasks = []
def add_task():
task = input("Enter task: ")
tasks.append(task)
print(f"Task '{task}' added.")
def view_tasks():
if tasks:
print("Your tasks:")
for task in tasks:
print(f"- {task}")
else:
print("No tasks available.")
while True:
print("1. Add Task")
print("2. View Tasks")
print("3. Exit")
choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
if choice == 1:
add_task()
elif choice == 2:
view_tasks()
elif choice == 3:
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
# ============================
# 73. Birthday Reminder
# ============================
def birthday_reminder():
birthdays = {}
def add_birthday():
name = input("Enter the name: ")
date = input("Enter the birthday (DD/MM/YYYY): ")
birthdays[name] = date
print(f"Birthday for {name} added.")
def view_birthdays():
if birthdays:
for name, date in birthdays.items():
print(f"{name}: {date}")
else:
print("No birthdays available.")
while True:
print("1. Add Birthday")
print("2. View Birthdays")
print("3. Exit")
choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
if choice == 1:
add_birthday()
elif choice == 2:
view_birthdays()
elif choice == 3:
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
# ============================
# 74. Palindrome Checker
# ============================
def palindrome_checker():
string = input("Enter a string: ").lower()
if string == string[::-1]:
print(f"{string} is a palindrome.")
else:
print(f"{string} is not a palindrome.")
# ============================
# 75. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
number = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
while True:
guess = int(input("Guess the number between 1 and 100: "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number:
print("Too low. Try again.")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high. Try again.")
else:
print(f"Congratulations! You guessed the number in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 76. Tip Calculator
# ============================
def tip_calculator():
amount = float(input("Enter the total amount: "))
tip_percentage = float(input("Enter the tip percentage: "))
tip = (amount * tip_percentage) / 100
total_amount = amount + tip
print(f"The tip is: {tip:.2f}")
print(f"The total amount after tip is: {total_amount:.2f}")
# ============================
# 77. Loan Amortization Calculator
# ============================
def loan_amortization():
principal = float(input("Enter loan amount: "))
rate = float(input("Enter annual interest rate (in %): ")) / 100 / 12
months = int(input("Enter number of months: "))
emi = (principal * rate * (1 + rate) ** months) / ((1 + rate) ** months - 1)
print(f"Your EMI is: {emi:.2f}")
print("Amortization Schedule:")
for month in range(1, months + 1):
principal_payment = emi - (principal * rate)
interest_payment = principal * rate
principal -= principal_payment
print(f"Month {month}: Interest = {interest_payment:.2f}, Principal = {principal_payment:.2f}, Remaining Principal = {principal:.2f}")
# ============================
# 78. Countdown Timer (Interactive)
# ============================
import time
def interactive_countdown_timer():
seconds = int(input("Enter the number of seconds: "))
for i in range(seconds, 0, -1):
print(i, end="\r")
time.sleep(1)
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 79. Password Strength Checker
# ============================
import re
def password_strength_checker():
password = input("Enter your password: ")
# Check if password meets the criteria
if len(password) < 8:
print("Password too short! It must be at least 8 characters.")
elif not re.search("[a-z]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one lowercase letter.")
elif not re.search("[A-Z]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one uppercase letter.")
elif not re.search("[0-9]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one number.")
elif not re.search("[!@#$%^&*(),.?\":{}|<>]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one special character.")
else:
print("Password is strong.")
# ============================
# 80. Basic To-Do List
# ============================
def todo_list():
todos = []
def add_todo():
todo = input("Enter a to-do item: ")
todos.append(todo)
print(f"'{todo}' added to the to-do list.")
def view_todos():
if todos:
print("Your To-Do List:")
for idx, todo in enumerate(todos, start=1):
print(f"{idx}. {todo}")
else:
print("No to-do items.")
while True:
print("1. Add To-Do")
print("2. View To-Dos")
print("3. Exit")
choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
if choice == 1:
add_todo()
elif choice == 2:
view_todos()
elif choice == 3:
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
# ============================
# 81. Simple Calculator
# ============================
def simple_calculator():
print("Welcome to the Simple Calculator!")
while True:
print("\nSelect operation:")
print("1. Add")
print("2. Subtract")
print("3. Multiply")
print("4. Divide")
print("5. Exit")
choice = input("Enter choice(1/2/3/4/5): ")
if choice == '5':
print("Exiting the calculator. Goodbye!")
break
num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
if choice == '1':
print(f"{num1} + {num2} = {num1 + num2}")
elif choice == '2':
print(f"{num1} - {num2} = {num1 - num2}")
elif choice == '3':
print(f"{num1} * {num2} = {num1 * num2}")
elif choice == '4':
if num2 != 0:
print(f"{num1} / {num2} = {num1 / num2}")
else:
print("Cannot divide by zero!")
else:
print("Invalid input, please try again.")
# ============================
# 82. Currency Converter
# ============================
def currency_converter():
print("Welcome to the Currency Converter!")
conversion_rates = {
"USD": 1,
"EUR": 0.85,
"INR": 75.00,
"GBP": 0.74,
"JPY": 110.30
}
base_currency = input("Enter the base currency (USD, EUR, INR, GBP, JPY): ").upper()
if base_currency not in conversion_rates:
print("Invalid currency.")
return
amount = float(input(f"Enter amount in {base_currency}: "))
target_currency = input("Enter the target currency (USD, EUR, INR, GBP, JPY): ").upper()
if target_currency not in conversion_rates:
print("Invalid target currency.")
return
conversion_rate = conversion_rates[target_currency] / conversion_rates[base_currency]
converted_amount = amount * conversion_rate
print(f"{amount} {base_currency} = {converted_amount:.2f} {target_currency}")
# ============================
# 83. Age Calculator
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def age_calculator():
birth_date = input("Enter your birthdate (DD/MM/YYYY): ")
birth_date = datetime.strptime(birth_date, "%d/%m/%Y")
today = datetime.today()
age = today.year - birth_date.year
if today.month < birth_date.month or (today.month == birth_date.month and today.day < birth_date.day):
age -= 1
print(f"Your age is: {age} years.")
# ============================
# 84. Email Validator
# ============================
import re
def email_validator():
email = input("Enter your email: ")
if re.match(r"[^@]+@[^@]+\.[^@]+", email):
print("Valid email address.")
else:
print("Invalid email address.")
# ============================
# 85. Dice Roller Simulation
# ============================
import random
def dice_roller():
print("Welcome to the Dice Roller Simulator!")
while True:
roll = input("Roll the dice (y/n): ").lower()
if roll == 'y':
dice_roll = random.randint(1, 6)
print(f"You rolled a {dice_roll}")
elif roll == 'n':
print("Exiting the Dice Roller. Goodbye!")
break
else:
print("Invalid input. Please enter 'y' or 'n'.")
# ============================
# 86. Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [" " for _ in range(9)]
current_player = "X"
def print_board():
print(f"{board[0]} | {board[1]} | {board[2]}")
print("--+---+--")
print(f"{board[3]} | {board[4]} | {board[5]}")
print("--+---+--")
print(f"{board[6]} | {board[7]} | {board[8]}")
def check_winner():
for i in range(0, 9, 3):
if board[i] == board[i+1] == board[i+2] != " ":
return True
for i in range(3):
if board[i] == board[i+3] == board[i+6] != " ":
return True
if board[0] == board[4] == board[8] != " ":
return True
if board[2] == board[4] == board[6] != " ":
return True
return False
while " " in board:
print_board()
move = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter your move (1-9): ")) - 1
if board[move] == " ":
board[move] = current_player
if check_winner():
print_board()
print(f"Player {current_player} wins!")
break
current_player = "O" if current_player == "X" else "X"
else:
print("Invalid move, try again.")
else:
print("It's a draw!")
print_board()
# ============================
# 87. Simple Stopwatch
# ============================
import time
def stopwatch():
print("Welcome to the Stopwatch!")
input("Press Enter to start...")
start_time = time.time()
while True:
input("Press Enter to stop...")
end_time = time.time()
elapsed_time = round(end_time - start_time, 2)
print(f"Elapsed time: {elapsed_time} seconds")
break
# ============================
# 88. Weather Information Fetcher
# ============================
import requests
def weather_info():
api_key = "YOUR_API_KEY" # Replace with your OpenWeatherMap API key
city = input("Enter city name: ")
url = f"http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q={city}&appid={api_key}&units=metric"
response = requests.get(url)
data = response.json()
if data["cod"] == "404":
print("City not found!")
else:
main = data["main"]
temperature = main["temp"]
humidity = main["humidity"]
description = data["weather"][0]["description"]
print(f"Temperature: {temperature}°C")
print(f"Humidity: {humidity}%")
print(f"Weather: {description}")
# ============================
# 89. Countdown Timer (Fixed Time)
# ============================
def countdown_timer_fixed():
print("Enter time for countdown (in seconds): ")
seconds = int(input())
while seconds >= 0:
minutes, sec = divmod(seconds, 60)
print(f"{minutes:02}:{sec:02}", end="\r")
time.sleep(1)
seconds -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 90. Contact Info Search
# ============================
def contact_info_search():
contacts = {
"John": "1234567890",
"Alice": "0987654321",
"Bob": "1122334455",
}
name = input("Enter contact name: ")
if name in contacts:
print(f"Contact information for {name}: {contacts[name]}")
else:
print("Contact not found.")
# ============================
# 91. To-Do List Application
# ============================
def todo_list():
todos = []
while True:
print("\nTo-Do List:")
print("1. Add Task")
print("2. View Tasks")
print("3. Remove Task")
print("4. Exit")
choice = input("Choose an option: ")
if choice == '1':
task = input("Enter the task: ")
todos.append(task)
elif choice == '2':
if todos:
print("\nYour Tasks:")
for i, task in enumerate(todos, start=1):
print(f"{i}. {task}")
else:
print("No tasks available.")
elif choice == '3':
if todos:
task_num = int(input(f"Enter task number to remove (1-{len(todos)}): "))
if 1 <= task_num <= len(todos):
removed_task = todos.pop(task_num - 1)
print(f"Removed task: {removed_task}")
else:
print("Invalid task number.")
else:
print("No tasks to remove.")
elif choice == '4':
print("Exiting To-Do List. Goodbye!")
break
else:
print("Invalid option, try again.")
# ============================
# 92. Palindrome Checker
# ============================
def palindrome_checker():
word = input("Enter a word: ").lower()
if word == word[::-1]:
print(f"{word} is a palindrome!")
else:
print(f"{word} is not a palindrome.")
# ============================
# 93. Fibonacci Sequence
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence():
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms in the Fibonacci sequence: "))
a, b = 0, 1
print(f"Fibonacci sequence with {n} terms:")
for _ in range(n):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
print()
# ============================
# 94. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
print("Welcome to the Number Guessing Game!")
number = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
while True:
guess = int(input("Guess a number between 1 and 100: "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number:
print("Too low! Try again.")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high! Try again.")
else:
print(f"Correct! The number was {number}. You guessed it in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 95. Prime Number Checker
# ============================
def prime_number_checker():
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num < 2:
print(f"{num} is not a prime number.")
return
for i in range(2, int(num ** 0.5) + 1):
if num % i == 0:
print(f"{num} is not a prime number.")
return
print(f"{num} is a prime number.")
# ============================
# 96. Simple Interest Calculator
# ============================
def simple_interest_calculator():
principal = float(input("Enter the principal amount: "))
rate = float(input("Enter the rate of interest: "))
time = float(input("Enter the time period (in years): "))
interest = (principal * rate * time) / 100
total_amount = principal + interest
print(f"Simple Interest: {interest}")
print(f"Total Amount: {total_amount}")
# ============================
# 97. Number Counter
# ============================
def number_counter():
count = int(input("Enter a number to count up to: "))
for i in range(1, count + 1):
print(i, end=" ")
print()
# ============================
# 98. Temperature Converter
# ============================
def temperature_converter():
print("1. Celsius to Fahrenheit")
print("2. Fahrenheit to Celsius")
choice = input("Choose conversion type (1 or 2): ")
if choice == '1':
celsius = float(input("Enter temperature in Celsius: "))
fahrenheit = (celsius * 9/5) + 32
print(f"{celsius}°C = {fahrenheit}°F")
elif choice == '2':
fahrenheit = float(input("Enter temperature in Fahrenheit: "))
celsius = (fahrenheit - 32) * 5/9
print(f"{fahrenheit}°F = {celsius}°C")
else:
print("Invalid choice.")
# ============================
# 99. Multiplication Table
# ============================
def multiplication_table():
num = int(input("Enter a number to display its multiplication table: "))
print(f"Multiplication table for {num}:")
for i in range(1, 11):
print(f"{num} x {i} = {num * i}")
# ============================
# 100. Basic Contact Book
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
while True:
print("\nContact Book:")
print("1. Add Contact")
print("2. View Contacts")
print("3. Search Contact")
print("4. Exit")
choice = input("Choose an option: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Contact for {name} added.")
elif choice == '2':
if contacts:
print("\nYour Contacts:")
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"{name}: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts available.")
elif choice == '3':
name = input("Enter name to search: ")
if name in contacts:
print(f"{name}: {contacts[name]}")
else:
print("Contact not found.")
elif choice == '4':
print("Exiting the Contact Book. Goodbye!")
break
else:
print("Invalid option, try again.")
# ============================
# 101. Dice Rolling Simulator
# ============================
import random
def dice_rolling_simulator():
print("Welcome to the Dice Rolling Simulator!")
while True:
input("Press Enter to roll the dice...")
roll = random.randint(1, 6)
print(f"You rolled a {roll}!")
again = input("Do you want to roll again? (y/n): ")
if again.lower() != 'y':
print("Thanks for playing!")
break
# ============================
# 102. Password Strength Checker
# ============================
import re
def password_strength_checker():
password = input("Enter a password: ")
if len(password) < 8:
print("Password too short!")
elif not re.search("[A-Z]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one uppercase letter.")
elif not re.search("[a-z]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one lowercase letter.")
elif not re.search("[0-9]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one number.")
elif not re.search("[!@#$%^&*(),.?\":{}|<>]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one special character.")
else:
print("Password is strong!")
# ============================
# 103. Calendar Generator
# ============================
import calendar
def calendar_generator():
year = int(input("Enter the year: "))
month = int(input("Enter the month: "))
print(calendar.month(year, month))
# ============================
# 104. Binary to Decimal Converter
# ============================
def binary_to_decimal():
binary = input("Enter a binary number: ")
decimal = int(binary, 2)
print(f"The decimal equivalent of {binary} is {decimal}.")
# ============================
# 105. Decimal to Binary Converter
# ============================
def decimal_to_binary():
decimal = int(input("Enter a decimal number: "))
binary = bin(decimal)[2:]
print(f"The binary equivalent of {decimal} is {binary}.")
# ============================
# 106. Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def print_board(board):
print("\n")
for row in board:
print(" | ".join(row))
print("-" * 5)
def check_winner(board):
# Check rows, columns, and diagonals
for i in range(3):
if board[i][0] == board[i][1] == board[i][2] != ' ':
return True
if board[0][i] == board[1][i] == board[2][i] != ' ':
return True
if board[0][0] == board[1][1] == board[2][2] != ' ':
return True
if board[0][2] == board[1][1] == board[2][0] != ' ':
return True
return False
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [[' ' for _ in range(3)] for _ in range(3)]
current_player = 'X'
while True:
print_board(board)
row = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter the row (0, 1, or 2): "))
col = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter the column (0, 1, or 2): "))
if board[row][col] == ' ':
board[row][col] = current_player
else:
print("Cell already taken. Try again.")
continue
if check_winner(board):
print_board(board)
print(f"Player {current_player} wins!")
break
current_player = 'O' if current_player == 'X' else 'X'
# ============================
# 107. Countdown Timer
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer():
seconds = int(input("Enter time in seconds: "))
while seconds > 0:
mins, secs = divmod(seconds, 60)
time_format = '{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(mins, secs)
print(time_format, end='\r')
time.sleep(1)
seconds -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 108. Loan EMI Calculator
# ============================
def loan_emi_calculator():
principal = float(input("Enter the loan amount: "))
rate_of_interest = float(input("Enter the rate of interest per year (%): "))
time_in_years = float(input("Enter the loan tenure in years: "))
rate_of_interest /= (12 * 100) # Monthly interest
time_in_months = time_in_years * 12 # Convert years to months
emi = (principal * rate_of_interest * (1 + rate_of_interest) ** time_in_months) / ((1 + rate_of_interest) ** time_in_months - 1)
print(f"Your monthly EMI is: {emi:.2f}")
# ============================
# 109. Leap Year Checker
# ============================
def leap_year_checker():
year = int(input("Enter a year: "))
if (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0) or (year % 400 == 0):
print(f"{year} is a leap year.")
else:
print(f"{year} is not a leap year.")
# ============================
# 110. Rock, Paper, Scissors Game
# ============================
import random
def rock_paper_scissors():
choices = ['rock', 'paper', 'scissors']
while True:
user_choice = input("Enter rock, paper, or scissors: ").lower()
if user_choice not in choices:
print("Invalid choice! Try again.")
continue
computer_choice = random.choice(choices)
print(f"Computer chose: {computer_choice}")
if user_choice == computer_choice:
print("It's a tie!")
elif (user_choice == 'rock' and computer_choice == 'scissors') or (user_choice == 'paper' and computer_choice == 'rock') or (user_choice == 'scissors' and computer_choice == 'paper'):
print("You win!")
else:
print("You lose!")
play_again = input("Do you want to play again? (y/n): ")
if play_again.lower() != 'y':
break
# ============================
# 111. Age Calculator
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def age_calculator():
birth_date = input("Enter your birth date (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
birth_date = datetime.strptime(birth_date, "%Y-%m-%d")
today = datetime.today()
age = today.year - birth_date.year - ((today.month, today.day) < (birth_date.month, birth_date.day))
print(f"Your age is: {age} years")
# ============================
# 112. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import time
import winsound
def alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter the time for the alarm (HH:MM): ")
while True:
current_time = time.strftime("%H:%M")
if current_time == alarm_time:
print("Time's up! Wake up!")
winsound.Beep(1000, 1000) # Beep sound
break
time.sleep(60) # Wait for one minute
# ============================
# 113. Currency Converter
# ============================
def currency_converter():
amount = float(input("Enter amount in USD: "))
currency_rate = 74.57 # Example: USD to INR conversion rate
converted_amount = amount * currency_rate
print(f"{amount} USD is equal to {converted_amount} INR")
# ============================
# 114. Fibonacci Sequence Generator
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence():
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms in the Fibonacci sequence: "))
a, b = 0, 1
print("Fibonacci Sequence:")
for _ in range(n):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
print()
# ============================
# 115. Simple Interest Calculator
# ============================
def simple_interest_calculator():
principal = float(input("Enter the principal amount: "))
rate = float(input("Enter the rate of interest (%): "))
time = float(input("Enter the time (in years): "))
interest = (principal * rate * time) / 100
print(f"Simple interest: {interest}")
# ============================
# 116. Hangman Game
# ============================
import random
def hangman():
word_list = ['python', 'java', 'ruby', 'javascript']
word = random.choice(word_list)
guessed_word = ['_'] * len(word)
attempts = 6
print("Welcome to Hangman!")
while attempts > 0:
print(" ".join(guessed_word))
guess = input(f"You have {attempts} attempts left. Enter a letter: ").lower()
if guess in word:
for i in range(len(word)):
if word[i] == guess:
guessed_word[i] = guess
print("Good guess!")
else:
attempts -= 1
print("Wrong guess!")
if '_' not in guessed_word:
print(f"Congratulations, you guessed the word {word}!")
break
else:
print(f"Game over! The word was {word}.")
# ============================
# 117. To-Do List Application
# ============================
def todo_list():
tasks = []
while True:
print("\nTo-Do List Application:")
print("1. Add task")
print("2. View tasks")
print("3. Delete task")
print("4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
task = input("Enter task description: ")
tasks.append(task)
print(f"Task '{task}' added.")
elif choice == '2':
if tasks:
print("Your tasks:")
for idx, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
print(f"{idx}. {task}")
else:
print("No tasks yet.")
elif choice == '3':
task_number = int(input("Enter task number to delete: "))
if 1 <= task_number <= len(tasks):
removed_task = tasks.pop(task_number - 1)
print(f"Task '{removed_task}' deleted.")
else:
print("Invalid task number.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 118. Binary Search Algorithm
# ============================
def binary_search(arr, target):
low, high = 0, len(arr) - 1
while low <= high:
mid = (low + high) // 2
if arr[mid] == target:
return mid
elif arr[mid] < target:
low = mid + 1
else:
high = mid - 1
return -1
def binary_search_program():
arr = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19]
target = int(input("Enter the number to search: "))
result = binary_search(arr, target)
if result != -1:
print(f"Number found at index {result}.")
else:
print("Number not found.")
# ============================
# 119. Prime Number Checker
# ============================
def prime_number_checker():
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if number < 2:
print(f"{number} is not a prime number.")
return
for i in range(2, int(number**0.5) + 1):
if number % i == 0:
print(f"{number} is not a prime number.")
return
print(f"{number} is a prime number.")
# ============================
# 120. Matrix Multiplication
# ============================
def matrix_multiplication():
rows_a = int(input("Enter number of rows for Matrix A: "))
cols_a = int(input("Enter number of columns for Matrix A: "))
matrix_a = []
print("Enter elements of Matrix A:")
for _ in range(rows_a):
matrix_a.append([int(x) for x in input().split()])
rows_b = int(input("Enter number of rows for Matrix B: "))
cols_b = int(input("Enter number of columns for Matrix B: "))
if cols_a != rows_b:
print("Matrix multiplication not possible!")
return
matrix_b = []
print("Enter elements of Matrix B:")
for _ in range(rows_b):
matrix_b.append([int(x) for x in input().split()])
result = [[0 for _ in range(cols_b)] for _ in range(rows_a)]
for i in range(rows_a):
for j in range(cols_b):
for k in range(cols_a):
result[i][j] += matrix_a[i][k] * matrix_b[k][j]
print("Resulting Matrix:")
for row in result:
print(" ".join(map(str, row)))
# ============================
# 121. Email Slicer
# ============================
def email_slicer():
email = input("Enter your email: ")
username, domain = email.split('@')
print(f"Your username is: {username}")
print(f"Your domain is: {domain}")
# ============================
# 122. Countdown Timer
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer():
t = int(input("Enter the time for countdown (in seconds): "))
while t:
mins, secs = divmod(t, 60)
timeformat = '{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(mins, secs)
print(timeformat, end='\r')
time.sleep(1)
t -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 123. Password Strength Checker
# ============================
import re
def password_strength_checker():
password = input("Enter your password: ")
if len(password) < 8:
print("Password is too short!")
elif not re.search("[A-Z]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one uppercase letter.")
elif not re.search("[0-9]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one digit.")
elif not re.search("[@#$%^&+=]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one special character.")
else:
print("Password is strong!")
# ============================
# 124. Random Joke Generator
# ============================
import requests
def random_joke_generator():
response = requests.get("https://official-joke-api.appspot.com/random_joke")
joke = response.json()
print(f"Here's a joke: {joke['setup']}")
print(f"{joke['punchline']}")
# ============================
# 125. Contact Book
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
while True:
print("\n1. Add Contact\n2. View Contacts\n3. Search Contact\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Contact {name} added.")
elif choice == '2':
if contacts:
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"Name: {name}, Phone: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts in the book.")
elif choice == '3':
name = input("Enter name to search: ")
if name in contacts:
print(f"Phone number of {name}: {contacts[name]}")
else:
print("Contact not found.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 126. Basic Calculator with GUI
# ============================
import tkinter as tk
def basic_calculator_gui():
def click(button_text):
current = entry.get()
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(tk.END, current + button_text)
def clear():
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
def calculate():
try:
result = eval(entry.get())
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(tk.END, result)
except:
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(tk.END, "Error")
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Basic Calculator")
entry = tk.Entry(root, width=20, font=("Arial", 24), borderwidth=2, relief="solid")
entry.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)
buttons = [
('7', 1, 0), ('8', 1, 1), ('9', 1, 2), ('/', 1, 3),
('4', 2, 0), ('5', 2, 1), ('6', 2, 2), ('*', 2, 3),
('1', 3, 0), ('2', 3, 1), ('3', 3, 2), ('-', 3, 3),
('0', 4, 0), ('.', 4, 1), ('+', 4, 2), ('=', 4, 3)
]
for (text, row, col) in buttons:
button = tk.Button(root, text=text, font=("Arial", 18), width=5, height=2, command=lambda text=text: click(text) if text != '=' else calculate())
button.grid(row=row, column=col)
clear_button = tk.Button(root, text="C", font=("Arial", 18), width=5, height=2, command=clear)
clear_button.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=2)
root.mainloop()
# ============================
# 127. Simple Chatbot
# ============================
def simple_chatbot():
responses = {
"hello": "Hi there! How can I help you?",
"how are you": "I'm doing great, thanks for asking!",
"bye": "Goodbye! Have a great day!",
"default": "I'm sorry, I didn't understand that."
}
print("Chatbot: Hello! Type 'bye' to exit.")
while True:
user_input = input("You: ").lower()
if user_input == 'bye':
print("Chatbot: Goodbye!")
break
else:
print(f"Chatbot: {responses.get(user_input, responses['default'])}")
# ============================
# 128. Word Count in a Text
# ============================
def word_count():
text = input("Enter a sentence: ")
words = text.split()
print(f"Word count: {len(words)}")
# ============================
# 129. Simple Voting System
# ============================
def voting_system():
candidates = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"]
votes = {candidate: 0 for candidate in candidates}
while True:
print("\nCandidates:")
for idx, candidate in enumerate(candidates, 1):
print(f"{idx}. {candidate}")
choice = int(input("Enter the number of the candidate you want to vote for (0 to exit): "))
if choice == 0:
break
elif 1 <= choice <= len(candidates):
votes[candidates[choice - 1]] += 1
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
print("\nVoting results:")
for candidate, vote in votes.items():
print(f"{candidate}: {vote} votes")
# ============================
# 130. Guess the Number Game
# ============================
import random
def guess_the_number():
number = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
print("Welcome to 'Guess the Number' game!")
while True:
guess = int(input("Guess the number (between 1 and 100): "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number:
print("Too low! Try again.")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high! Try again.")
else:
print(f"Congratulations! You guessed the number {number} in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 131. To-Do List Application
# ============================
def todo_list():
tasks = []
while True:
print("\n1. Add Task\n2. View Tasks\n3. Remove Task\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
task = input("Enter the task: ")
tasks.append(task)
print(f"Task '{task}' added.")
elif choice == '2':
if tasks:
print("\nYour Tasks:")
for idx, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
print(f"{idx}. {task}")
else:
print("No tasks found.")
elif choice == '3':
if tasks:
task_num = int(input("Enter task number to remove: "))
if 1 <= task_num <= len(tasks):
removed_task = tasks.pop(task_num - 1)
print(f"Task '{removed_task}' removed.")
else:
print("Invalid task number.")
else:
print("No tasks to remove.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 132. Currency Converter
# ============================
import requests
def currency_converter():
print("Welcome to the currency converter!")
base_currency = input("Enter the base currency (e.g., USD): ")
target_currency = input("Enter the target currency (e.g., EUR): ")
amount = float(input("Enter the amount: "))
url = f"https://api.exchangerate-api.com/v4/latest/{base_currency}"
response = requests.get(url).json()
if target_currency in response['rates']:
converted_amount = amount * response['rates'][target_currency]
print(f"{amount} {base_currency} is equal to {converted_amount} {target_currency}.")
else:
print("Invalid currency code.")
# ============================
# 133. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import time
import winsound
def alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter the time for the alarm (HH:MM:SS): ")
print("Waiting for alarm...")
while True:
current_time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
if current_time == alarm_time:
print("Time's up! Alarm ringing...")
winsound.Beep(1000, 1000)
break
time.sleep(1)
# ============================
# 134. Birthday Reminder
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def birthday_reminder():
birthdays = {}
while True:
print("\n1. Add Birthday\n2. View Birthdays\n3. Check Today's Birthdays\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter name: ")
date_str = input("Enter birthday (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
date = datetime.strptime(date_str, "%Y-%m-%d")
birthdays[name] = date
print(f"Birthday for {name} added.")
elif choice == '2':
if birthdays:
print("\nBirthdays List:")
for name, date in birthdays.items():
print(f"{name}: {date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}")
else:
print("No birthdays saved.")
elif choice == '3':
today = datetime.today()
print("\nToday's Birthdays:")
for name, date in birthdays.items():
if date.month == today.month and date.day == today.day:
print(f"{name}: {date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}")
else:
print("No birthdays today.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 135. Flashcard Quiz App
# ============================
def flashcard_quiz():
flashcards = {
"Python": "A high-level programming language",
"HTML": "Standard markup language for web pages",
"CSS": "Style sheet language used for web page styling"
}
print("Welcome to the Flashcard Quiz App!")
for term, definition in flashcards.items():
print(f"Term: {term}")
input("Press Enter to see the definition...")
print(f"Definition: {definition}")
print("------------")
# ============================
# 136. Age Calculator
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def age_calculator():
birthdate_str = input("Enter your birthdate (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
birthdate = datetime.strptime(birthdate_str, "%Y-%m-%d")
today = datetime.today()
age = today.year - birthdate.year
if today.month < birthdate.month or (today.month == birthdate.month and today.day < birthdate.day):
age -= 1
print(f"You are {age} years old.")
# ============================
# 137. Random Number Generator
# ============================
import random
def random_number_generator():
start = int(input("Enter the starting number: "))
end = int(input("Enter the ending number: "))
random_number = random.randint(start, end)
print(f"The random number between {start} and {end} is: {random_number}")
# ============================
# 138. Simple Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def print_board(board):
print("\n")
print(" | ".join(board[0:3]))
print("---------")
print(" | ".join(board[3:6]))
print("---------")
print(" | ".join(board[6:9]))
print("\n")
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [' ' for _ in range(9)]
current_player = 'X'
print("Welcome to Tic-Tac-Toe!")
for i in range(9):
print_board(board)
position = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, choose a position (1-9): ")) - 1
if board[position] == ' ':
board[position] = current_player
if (board[0] == board[1] == board[2] or
board[3] == board[4] == board[5] or
board[6] == board[7] == board[8] or
board[0] == board[3] == board[6] or
board[1] == board[4] == board[7] or
board[2] == board[5] == board[8] or
board[0] == board[4] == board[8] or
board[2] == board[4] == board[6]):
print_board(board)
print(f"Player {current_player} wins!")
return
current_player = 'O' if current_player == 'X' else 'X'
else:
print("Position already taken! Try again.")
print_board(board)
print("It's a tie!")
# ============================
# 139. Simple Dice Roller
# ============================
import random
def dice_roller():
roll = input("Roll the dice? (yes/no): ").lower()
while roll == "yes":
dice = random.randint(1, 6)
print(f"You rolled a {dice}")
roll = input("Roll again? (yes/no): ").lower()
print("Goodbye!")
# ============================
# 140. Countdown Timer with Sound
# ============================
import time
import winsound
def countdown_with_sound():
t = int(input("Enter the time for countdown (in seconds): "))
while t:
mins, secs = divmod(t, 60)
timeformat = '{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(mins, secs)
print(timeformat, end='\r')
time.sleep(1)
t -= 1
print("Time's up!")
winsound.Beep(1000, 1000)
# ============================
# 141. Weather App
# ============================
import requests
def weather_app():
city = input("Enter city name: ")
api_key = "your_api_key_here"
base_url = f"http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q={city}&appid={api_key}&units=metric"
response = requests.get(base_url).json()
if response['cod'] == 200:
main = response['main']
wind = response['wind']
weather_desc = response['weather'][0]['description']
temperature = main['temp']
humidity = main['humidity']
wind_speed = wind['speed']
print(f"Weather in {city}:")
print(f"Description: {weather_desc.capitalize()}")
print(f"Temperature: {temperature}°C")
print(f"Humidity: {humidity}%")
print(f"Wind Speed: {wind_speed} m/s")
else:
print("City not found.")
# ============================
# 142. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
number_to_guess = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
print("Welcome to the Number Guessing Game!")
print("Guess the number between 1 and 100.")
while True:
guess = int(input("Enter your guess: "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number_to_guess:
print("Too low! Try again.")
elif guess > number_to_guess:
print("Too high! Try again.")
else:
print(f"Correct! You guessed the number in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 143. Mad Libs Game
# ============================
def mad_libs():
print("Welcome to Mad Libs Game!")
adjective = input("Enter an adjective: ")
noun = input("Enter a noun: ")
verb = input("Enter a verb: ")
adverb = input("Enter an adverb: ")
print(f"\nHere is your story:\n")
print(f"The {adjective} {noun} decided to {verb} {adverb}.")
# ============================
# 144. Simple Chatbot
# ============================
def chatbot():
print("Hello! I am a chatbot. How can I assist you today?")
while True:
user_input = input("You: ")
if user_input.lower() in ['hi', 'hello']:
print("Chatbot: Hello! How can I help you today?")
elif 'bye' in user_input.lower():
print("Chatbot: Goodbye! Have a nice day.")
break
else:
print(f"Chatbot: You said {user_input}. Sorry, I don't understand.")
# ============================
# 145. Countdown Timer with Logging
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer_with_logging():
time_in_sec = int(input("Enter countdown time in seconds: "))
print("Countdown started...")
while time_in_sec > 0:
mins, secs = divmod(time_in_sec, 60)
print(f"{mins:02d}:{secs:02d}", end="\r")
time.sleep(1)
time_in_sec -= 1
print("Time's up!")
log_time()
def log_time():
with open("time_log.txt", "a") as file:
file.write("Countdown completed at: " + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") + "\n")
print("Time logged to time_log.txt.")
# ============================
# 146. Email Slicer
# ============================
def email_slicer():
email = input("Enter your email address: ")
username, domain = email.split('@')
print(f"Username: {username}")
print(f"Domain: {domain}")
# ============================
# 147. Simple Calculator with GUI
# ============================
import tkinter as tk
def calculator_gui():
def add():
result_var.set(float(entry1.get()) + float(entry2.get()))
def subtract():
result_var.set(float(entry1.get()) - float(entry2.get()))
def multiply():
result_var.set(float(entry1.get()) * float(entry2.get()))
def divide():
try:
result_var.set(float(entry1.get()) / float(entry2.get()))
except ZeroDivisionError:
result_var.set("Error! Div by 0")
window = tk.Tk()
window.title("Simple Calculator")
entry1 = tk.Entry(window)
entry1.grid(row=0, column=0)
entry2 = tk.Entry(window)
entry2.grid(row=0, column=1)
result_var = tk.StringVar()
result_label = tk.Label(window, textvariable=result_var)
result_label.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2)
add_button = tk.Button(window, text="Add", command=add)
add_button.grid(row=2, column=0)
subtract_button = tk.Button(window, text="Subtract", command=subtract)
subtract_button.grid(row=2, column=1)
multiply_button = tk.Button(window, text="Multiply", command=multiply)
multiply_button.grid(row=3, column=0)
divide_button = tk.Button(window, text="Divide", command=divide)
divide_button.grid(row=3, column=1)
window.mainloop()
# ============================
# 148. Contact Book
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
while True:
print("\n1. Add Contact\n2. View Contacts\n3. Remove Contact\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter contact name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Contact for {name} added.")
elif choice == '2':
if contacts:
print("\nYour Contacts:")
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"{name}: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts found.")
elif choice == '3':
name = input("Enter the name of the contact to remove: ")
if name in contacts:
del contacts[name]
print(f"Contact for {name} removed.")
else:
print(f"No contact found for {name}.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 149. File Renamer
# ============================
import os
def file_renamer():
path = input("Enter directory path: ")
prefix = input("Enter prefix to add to files: ")
files = os.listdir(path)
for file in files:
if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, file)):
new_name = prefix + file
os.rename(os.path.join(path, file), os.path.join(path, new_name))
print(f"Renamed: {file} to {new_name}")
print("File renaming completed.")
# ============================
# 150. Image to Grayscale Converter
# ============================
from PIL import Image
def image_to_grayscale():
image_path = input("Enter image file path: ")
image = Image.open(image_path)
grayscale_image = image.convert("L")
grayscale_image.save("grayscale_image.png")
grayscale_image.show()
print("Image converted to grayscale and saved as 'grayscale_image.png'.")
# ============================
# 151. Simple Stopwatch
# ============================
import time
def simple_stopwatch():
input("Press Enter to start the stopwatch...")
start_time = time.time()
input("Press Enter to stop the stopwatch...")
end_time = time.time()
elapsed_time = end_time - start_time
print(f"Elapsed time: {elapsed_time:.2f} seconds")
# ============================
# 152. Dice Roller
# ============================
import random
def dice_roller():
roll_again = "yes"
while roll_again.lower() == "yes":
print(f"Rolling the dice... You got: {random.randint(1, 6)}")
roll_again = input("Do you want to roll again? (yes/no): ")
# ============================
# 153. Prime Number Checker
# ============================
def prime_number_checker():
number = int(input("Enter a number to check if it is prime: "))
if number > 1:
for i in range(2, int(number / 2) + 1):
if (number % i) == 0:
print(f"{number} is not a prime number.")
break
else:
print(f"{number} is a prime number.")
else:
print(f"{number} is not a prime number.")
# ============================
# 154. Palindrome Checker
# ============================
def palindrome_checker():
string = input("Enter a string to check if it's a palindrome: ")
if string == string[::-1]:
print(f"{string} is a palindrome.")
else:
print(f"{string} is not a palindrome.")
# ============================
# 155. To-Do List
# ============================
def todo_list():
tasks = []
while True:
print("\n1. Add Task\n2. View Tasks\n3. Remove Task\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
task = input("Enter task: ")
tasks.append(task)
print(f"Task '{task}' added.")
elif choice == '2':
if tasks:
print("\nYour To-Do List:")
for index, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
print(f"{index}. {task}")
else:
print("No tasks in the list.")
elif choice == '3':
task_index = int(input("Enter task number to remove: ")) - 1
if 0 <= task_index < len(tasks):
removed_task = tasks.pop(task_index)
print(f"Task '{removed_task}' removed.")
else:
print("Invalid task number.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 156. Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [' ' for _ in range(9)]
current_player = "X"
def print_board():
print(f"{board[0]} | {board[1]} | {board[2]}")
print("--+---+--")
print(f"{board[3]} | {board[4]} | {board[5]}")
print("--+---+--")
print(f"{board[6]} | {board[7]} | {board[8]}")
def check_winner():
win_conditions = [(0, 1, 2), (3, 4, 5), (6, 7, 8), (0, 3, 6), (1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (0, 4, 8), (2, 4, 6)]
for condition in win_conditions:
if board[condition[0]] == board[condition[1]] == board[condition[2]] != ' ':
return True
return False
while ' ' in board:
print_board()
move = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter your move (1-9): ")) - 1
if board[move] == ' ':
board[move] = current_player
if check_winner():
print_board()
print(f"Player {current_player} wins!")
break
current_player = "O" if current_player == "X" else "X"
else:
print("Invalid move, try again.")
if ' ' not in board:
print_board()
print("It's a draw!")
# ============================
# 157. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import datetime
import time
def alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter the alarm time in HH:MM format: ")
alarm_hour, alarm_minute = map(int, alarm_time.split(":"))
while True:
current_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M")
print(f"Current time: {current_time}", end="\r")
if current_time == f"{alarm_hour:02d}:{alarm_minute:02d}":
print("\nAlarm ringing! Time's up!")
break
time.sleep(60)
# ============================
# 158. Currency Converter
# ============================
def currency_converter():
amount = float(input("Enter the amount in USD: "))
currency = input("Enter the target currency (e.g., EUR, INR, GBP): ").upper()
exchange_rates = {
"EUR": 0.85, # Example rate
"INR": 75.0, # Example rate
"GBP": 0.74 # Example rate
}
if currency in exchange_rates:
converted_amount = amount * exchange_rates[currency]
print(f"{amount} USD is equal to {converted_amount} {currency}.")
else:
print("Currency not supported.")
# ============================
# 159. Fibonacci Sequence Generator
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence():
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms: "))
a, b = 0, 1
print("Fibonacci Sequence:")
for _ in range(n):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
print()
# ============================
# 160. Binary Search
# ============================
def binary_search():
arr = [int(x) for x in input("Enter sorted numbers separated by space: ").split()]
target = int(input("Enter the number to search: "))
low, high = 0, len(arr) - 1
found = False
while low <= high:
mid = (low + high) // 2
if arr[mid] == target:
found = True
break
elif arr[mid] < target:
low = mid + 1
else:
high = mid - 1
if found:
print(f"Number {target} found at index {mid}.")
else:
print(f"Number {target} not found in the list.")
# ============================
# 161. Countdown Timer
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer():
total_seconds = int(input("Enter countdown time in seconds: "))
while total_seconds > 0:
minutes, seconds = divmod(total_seconds, 60)
print(f"Time left: {minutes:02d}:{seconds:02d}", end="\r")
time.sleep(1)
total_seconds -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 162. Weather App (API based)
# ============================
import requests
def weather_app():
city = input("Enter the city name: ")
api_key = "your_api_key_here" # Replace with your own API key
url = f"http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q={city}&appid={api_key}"
response = requests.get(url)
data = response.json()
if response.status_code == 200:
temp = data['main']['temp'] - 273.15 # Convert from Kelvin to Celsius
weather = data['weather'][0]['description']
print(f"Weather in {city}: {weather}")
print(f"Temperature: {temp:.2f}°C")
else:
print(f"City {city} not found!")
# ============================
# 163. Simple Calculator
# ============================
def simple_calculator():
num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
operator = input("Enter operator (+, -, *, /): ")
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
if operator == "+":
result = num1 + num2
elif operator == "-":
result = num1 - num2
elif operator == "*":
result = num1 * num2
elif operator == "/":
result = num1 / num2
else:
print("Invalid operator!")
return
print(f"Result: {result}")
# ============================
# 164. Simple Chatbot
# ============================
def simple_chatbot():
print("Hello! I'm a simple chatbot. Type 'exit' to end the conversation.")
while True:
user_input = input("You: ")
if user_input.lower() == "exit":
print("Goodbye!")
break
elif "how are you" in user_input.lower():
print("Chatbot: I'm doing well, thank you!")
elif "hello" in user_input.lower():
print("Chatbot: Hello! How can I assist you today?")
else:
print("Chatbot: Sorry, I didn't understand that.")
# ============================
# 165. Text-based Adventure Game
# ============================
def adventure_game():
print("Welcome to the Adventure Game!")
print("You are in a forest. There are two paths ahead.")
print("1. Take the left path")
print("2. Take the right path")
choice = input("Which path do you choose (1/2): ")
if choice == "1":
print("You took the left path and encountered a dragon!")
action = input("Do you fight or run? (fight/run): ")
if action == "fight":
print("You bravely fought the dragon and won! You are a hero!")
else:
print("You ran away and safely returned to the forest entrance.")
elif choice == "2":
print("You took the right path and found a treasure chest!")
action = input("Do you open it or leave it? (open/leave): ")
if action == "open":
print("You found a pile of gold! You're rich!")
else:
print("You left the treasure chest and continued walking.")
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please choose 1 or 2.")
# ============================
# 166. Basic Contact Book
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
while True:
print("\n1. Add Contact\n2. View Contacts\n3. Search Contact\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Contact {name} added.")
elif choice == '2':
if contacts:
print("\nYour Contacts:")
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"{name}: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts in the list.")
elif choice == '3':
name = input("Enter the name to search: ")
if name in contacts:
print(f"Contact found: {name}: {contacts[name]}")
else:
print(f"No contact found with the name {name}.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 167. Simple Password Generator
# ============================
import random
import string
def password_generator():
length = int(input("Enter the length of the password: "))
characters = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + string.punctuation
password = ''.join(random.choice(characters) for _ in range(length))
print(f"Generated password: {password}")
# ============================
# 168. Basic Quiz Game
# ============================
def quiz_game():
questions = [
{"question": "What is the capital of France?", "answer": "Paris"},
{"question": "What is 2 + 2?", "answer": "4"},
{"question": "Who is the author of '1984'?", "answer": "George Orwell"},
]
score = 0
for q in questions:
answer = input(q["question"] + " ")
if answer.lower() == q["answer"].lower():
score += 1
print(f"You got {score}/{len(questions)} correct!")
# ============================
# 169. BMI Calculator
# ============================
def bmi_calculator():
height = float(input("Enter your height in meters: "))
weight = float(input("Enter your weight in kilograms: "))
bmi = weight / (height ** 2)
print(f"Your BMI is: {bmi:.2f}")
if bmi < 18.5:
print("You are underweight.")
elif 18.5 <= bmi < 24.9:
print("You have a normal weight.")
elif 25 <= bmi < 29.9:
print("You are overweight.")
else:
print("You are obese.")
# ============================
# 170. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
number = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
print("Welcome to the Number Guessing Game!")
print("I have chosen a number between 1 and 100. Try to guess it.")
while True:
guess = int(input("Enter your guess: "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number:
print("Too low!")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high!")
else:
print(f"Congratulations! You've guessed the number in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 171. Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def print_board(board):
for row in board:
print(" | ".join(row))
print("-" * 5)
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [[" " for _ in range(3)] for _ in range(3)]
current_player = "X"
winner = None
while winner is None:
print_board(board)
row = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter row (0, 1, 2): "))
col = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter column (0, 1, 2): "))
if board[row][col] == " ":
board[row][col] = current_player
winner = check_winner(board)
current_player = "O" if current_player == "X" else "X"
else:
print("Cell already taken! Try again.")
print_board(board)
print(f"Player {winner} wins!")
def check_winner(board):
for row in board:
if row[0] == row[1] == row[2] and row[0] != " ":
return row[0]
for col in range(3):
if board[0][col] == board[1][col] == board[2][col] and board[0][col] != " ":
return board[0][col]
if board[0][0] == board[1][1] == board[2][2] and board[0][0] != " ":
return board[0][0]
if board[0][2] == board[1][1] == board[2][0] and board[0][2] != " ":
return board[0][2]
return None
# ============================
# 172. Flashcard App
# ============================
def flashcard_app():
flashcards = {
"What is the capital of France?": "Paris",
"What is 5 + 5?": "10",
"What color is the sky?": "Blue",
}
for question, answer in flashcards.items():
print(f"Question: {question}")
input("Press Enter to see the answer.")
print(f"Answer: {answer}")
print("-" * 30)
# ============================
# 173. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import time
import winsound
def alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter alarm time (HH:MM AM/PM): ")
alarm_hour, alarm_minute = map(int, alarm_time[:-6].split(":"))
if alarm_time[-2:].upper() == "PM" and alarm_hour != 12:
alarm_hour += 12
if alarm_time[-2:].upper() == "AM" and alarm_hour == 12:
alarm_hour = 0
print("Waiting for alarm...")
while True:
current_time = time.localtime()
if current_time.tm_hour == alarm_hour and current_time.tm_min == alarm_minute:
print("Alarm Time!")
winsound.Beep(1000, 1000) # Beep sound
break
time.sleep(30)
# ============================
# 174. Age Calculator
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def age_calculator():
birth_date = input("Enter your birth date (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
birth_date = datetime.strptime(birth_date, "%Y-%m-%d")
today = datetime.today()
age = today.year - birth_date.year
if today.month < birth_date.month or (today.month == birth_date.month and today.day < birth_date.day):
age -= 1
print(f"You are {age} years old.")
# ============================
# 175. To-Do List App
# ============================
def todo_list():
todos = []
while True:
print("\n1. Add Todo\n2. View Todos\n3. Remove Todo\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
todo = input("Enter a new todo: ")
todos.append(todo)
print(f"Todo '{todo}' added.")
elif choice == '2':
if todos:
print("\nYour Todos:")
for i, todo in enumerate(todos, 1):
print(f"{i}. {todo}")
else:
print("No todos found.")
elif choice == '3':
todo_num = int(input("Enter the number of the todo to remove: "))
if 0 < todo_num <= len(todos):
removed_todo = todos.pop(todo_num - 1)
print(f"Removed todo: {removed_todo}")
else:
print("Invalid todo number.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 176. Currency Converter
# ============================
def currency_converter():
currencies = {
"USD": 1,
"EUR": 0.85,
"GBP": 0.75,
"INR": 74.85,
"AUD": 1.35,
}
print("Available currencies: USD, EUR, GBP, INR, AUD")
from_currency = input("Enter the currency to convert from: ").upper()
to_currency = input("Enter the currency to convert to: ").upper()
amount = float(input("Enter the amount: "))
if from_currency in currencies and to_currency in currencies:
converted_amount = amount * (currencies[to_currency] / currencies[from_currency])
print(f"{amount} {from_currency} is equal to {converted_amount:.2f} {to_currency}.")
else:
print("Invalid currency.")
# ============================
# 177. Expense Tracker
# ============================
def expense_tracker():
expenses = []
while True:
print("\n1. Add Expense\n2. View Expenses\n3. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
category = input("Enter the expense category: ")
amount = float(input("Enter the expense amount: "))
expenses.append({"category": category, "amount": amount})
print(f"Added expense: {category} - {amount}")
elif choice == '2':
if expenses:
print("\nYour Expenses:")
total = 0
for expense in expenses:
print(f"{expense['category']}: {expense['amount']}")
total += expense['amount']
print(f"Total Expenses: {total}")
else:
print("No expenses recorded.")
elif choice == '3':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 178. Fibonacci Sequence
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence(n):
fib_sequence = [0, 1]
while len(fib_sequence) < n:
fib_sequence.append(fib_sequence[-1] + fib_sequence[-2])
return fib_sequence
def print_fibonacci():
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms: "))
print(f"The first {n} terms of the Fibonacci sequence are:")
print(fibonacci_sequence(n))
# ============================
# 179. Email Validator
# ============================
import re
def email_validator():
email = input("Enter your email: ")
regex = r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$'
if re.match(regex, email):
print("Valid email!")
else:
print("Invalid email!")
# ============================
# 180. Prime Number Checker
# ============================
def prime_number_checker():
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if number < 2:
print("Not a prime number.")
return
for i in range(2, int(number ** 0.5) + 1):
if number % i == 0:
print("Not a prime number.")
return
print("It's a prime number!")
# ============================
# 181. Weather App
# ============================
import requests
def weather_app():
city = input("Enter the city name: ")
api_key = "your_api_key_here"
base_url = f"http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q={city}&appid={api_key}&units=metric"
response = requests.get(base_url)
if response.status_code == 200:
data = response.json()
main_data = data["main"]
weather_data = data["weather"][0]
print(f"City: {city}")
print(f"Temperature: {main_data['temp']}°C")
print(f"Weather: {weather_data['description']}")
else:
print("City not found or invalid API key.")
# ============================
# 182. Countdown Timer
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer():
seconds = int(input("Enter time in seconds for countdown: "))
while seconds >= 0:
mins, secs = divmod(seconds, 60)
time_format = f"{mins:02d}:{secs:02d}"
print(time_format, end="\r")
time.sleep(1)
seconds -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 183. Quiz Game
# ============================
def quiz_game():
questions = {
"What is the capital of USA?": "Washington D.C.",
"Who developed Python?": "Guido van Rossum",
"What is 2 + 2?": "4",
}
score = 0
for question, correct_answer in questions.items():
print(question)
answer = input("Your answer: ")
if answer.lower() == correct_answer.lower():
score += 1
print(f"Your score: {score}/{len(questions)}")
# ============================
# 184. Contact Book
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
while True:
print("\n1. Add Contact\n2. View Contacts\n3. Remove Contact\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Added contact: {name} - {phone}")
elif choice == '2':
if contacts:
print("\nYour Contacts:")
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"{name}: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts found.")
elif choice == '3':
name = input("Enter the name of the contact to remove: ")
if name in contacts:
del contacts[name]
print(f"Removed contact: {name}")
else:
print("Contact not found.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 185. Palindrome Checker
# ============================
def palindrome_checker():
word = input("Enter a word: ")
if word == word[::-1]:
print(f"'{word}' is a palindrome!")
else:
print(f"'{word}' is not a palindrome.")
# ============================
# 186. Simple Chatbot
# ============================
def simple_chatbot():
print("Hello, I am your chatbot. Type 'exit' to end the conversation.")
while True:
user_input = input("You: ")
if user_input.lower() == 'exit':
print("Goodbye!")
break
elif "hello" in user_input.lower():
print("Chatbot: Hi there!")
elif "how are you" in user_input.lower():
print("Chatbot: I'm doing great, thank you!")
else:
print("Chatbot: I'm not sure how to respond to that.")
# ============================
# 187. Rock Paper Scissors
# ============================
import random
def rock_paper_scissors():
choices = ["rock", "paper", "scissors"]
user_choice = input("Enter rock, paper, or scissors: ").lower()
if user_choice not in choices:
print("Invalid choice.")
return
computer_choice = random.choice(choices)
print(f"Computer chose: {computer_choice}")
if user_choice == computer_choice:
print("It's a tie!")
elif (user_choice == "rock" and computer_choice == "scissors") or \
(user_choice == "paper" and computer_choice == "rock") or \
(user_choice == "scissors" and computer_choice == "paper"):
print("You win!")
else:
print("You lose!")
# ============================
# 188. Currency Converter (Real-time rates)
# ============================
import requests
def real_time_currency_converter():
base_currency = input("Enter the base currency (USD, EUR, etc.): ").upper()
target_currency = input("Enter the target currency: ").upper()
amount = float(input("Enter the amount: "))
api_url = f"https://api.exchangerate-api.com/v4/latest/{base_currency}"
response = requests.get(api_url)
if response.status_code == 200:
data = response.json()
if target_currency in data['rates']:
conversion_rate = data['rates'][target_currency]
converted_amount = amount * conversion_rate
print(f"{amount} {base_currency} = {converted_amount:.2f} {target_currency}")
else:
print("Target currency not found.")
else:
print("Error fetching exchange rates.")
# ============================
# 189. Simple Calculator (GUI)
# ============================
import tkinter as tk
def calculator_gui():
def click_button(value):
current = entry.get()
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(0, current + value)
def clear():
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
def calculate():
try:
result = eval(entry.get())
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(0, result)
except Exception as e:
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(0, "Error")
window = tk.Tk()
window.title("Calculator")
entry = tk.Entry(window, width=20, font=('Arial', 20), bd=10, relief="solid", justify="right")
entry.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)
buttons = [
("7", 1, 0), ("8", 1, 1), ("9", 1, 2),
("4", 2, 0), ("5", 2, 1), ("6", 2, 2),
("1", 3, 0), ("2", 3, 1), ("3", 3, 2),
("0", 4, 1), ("C", 4, 0), ("=", 4, 2),
("+", 1, 3), ("-", 2, 3), ("*", 3, 3), ("/", 4, 3)
]
for (text, row, col) in buttons:
if text == "=":
button = tk.Button(window, text=text, width=5, height=2, font=('Arial', 18), command=calculate)
elif text == "C":
button = tk.Button(window, text=text, width=5, height=2, font=('Arial', 18), command=clear)
else:
button = tk.Button(window, text=text, width=5, height=2, font=('Arial', 18), command=lambda val=text: click_button(val))
button.grid(row=row, column=col)
window.mainloop()
# ============================
# 190. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
number = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
print("Welcome to the Number Guessing Game!")
while True:
guess = int(input("Guess a number between 1 and 100: "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number:
print("Too low!")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high!")
else:
print(f"Correct! You've guessed the number in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 191. To-Do List
# ============================
def to_do_list():
tasks = []
while True:
print("\n1. Add Task\n2. View Tasks\n3. Remove Task\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
task = input("Enter the task: ")
tasks.append(task)
print(f"Added task: {task}")
elif choice == '2':
if tasks:
print("\nYour Tasks:")
for idx, task in enumerate(tasks, start=1):
print(f"{idx}. {task}")
else:
print("No tasks found.")
elif choice == '3':
task_idx = int(input("Enter the task number to remove: ")) - 1
if 0 <= task_idx < len(tasks):
removed_task = tasks.pop(task_idx)
print(f"Removed task: {removed_task}")
else:
print("Invalid task number.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 192. Flashcard App
# ============================
def flashcard_app():
flashcards = {
"What is the capital of France?": "Paris",
"Who wrote '1984'?": "George Orwell",
"What is the square root of 16?": "4",
}
for question, answer in flashcards.items():
print(question)
user_answer = input("Your answer: ")
if user_answer.lower() == answer.lower():
print("Correct!")
else:
print(f"Wrong! The correct answer is {answer}.")
# ============================
# 193. Currency Converter (Static rates)
# ============================
def static_currency_converter():
conversion_rates = {
"USD": 1,
"EUR": 0.85,
"GBP": 0.75,
"INR": 74.60,
}
base_currency = input("Enter the base currency (USD, EUR, GBP, INR): ").upper()
target_currency = input("Enter the target currency: ").upper()
amount = float(input("Enter the amount: "))
if base_currency in conversion_rates and target_currency in conversion_rates:
converted_amount = amount * (conversion_rates[target_currency] / conversion_rates[base_currency])
print(f"{amount} {base_currency} = {converted_amount:.2f} {target_currency}")
else:
print("Invalid currency.")
# ============================
# 194. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import time
from datetime import datetime
def simple_alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter the time for the alarm (HH:MM format): ")
while True:
current_time = datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M")
if current_time == alarm_time:
print("ALARM! Time's up!")
break
time.sleep(60)
# ============================
# 195. Fibonacci Sequence Generator
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence():
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms in the Fibonacci sequence: "))
a, b = 0, 1
for _ in range(n):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
print()
# ============================
# 196. Birthday Reminder
# ============================
def birthday_reminder():
birthdays = {
"Alice": "2000-05-10",
"Bob": "1995-08-15",
"Charlie": "2001-12-25",
}
today = datetime.now().strftime("%m-%d")
for name, date in birthdays.items():
if date[5:] == today:
print(f"Today is {name}'s birthday!")
# ============================
# 197. Simple Web Scraper
# ============================
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
def simple_web_scraper():
url = input("Enter the URL of the webpage to scrape: ")
response = requests.get(url)
if response.status_code == 200:
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
titles = soup.find_all('h1')
for title in titles:
print(title.get_text())
else:
print("Failed to retrieve the webpage.")
# ============================
# 198. Email Validator
# ============================
import re
def email_validator():
email = input("Enter an email address: ")
regex = r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$'
if re.match(regex, email):
print(f"'{email}' is a valid email address.")
else:
print(f"'{email}' is not a valid email address.")
# ============================
# 199. Guess the Word Game
# ============================
import random
def guess_the_word():
words = ["python", "java", "ruby", "javascript", "html"]
word = random.choice(words)
guessed_word = "_" * len(word)
attempts = 6
guessed_letters = []
print("Welcome to Guess the Word!")
while attempts > 0 and "_" in guessed_word:
print(f"Word: {guessed_word}")
print(f"Guessed letters: {', '.join(guessed_letters)}")
print(f"Attempts left: {attempts}")
guess = input("Guess a letter: ").lower()
if guess in guessed_letters:
print("You've already guessed that letter!")
continue
guessed_letters.append(guess)
if guess in word:
guessed_word = "".join([letter if letter == guess or guessed_word[idx] != "_" else "_" for idx, letter in enumerate(word)])
print("Correct guess!")
else:
attempts -= 1
print("Incorrect guess!")
if "_" not in guessed_word:
print(f"Congratulations! You guessed the word: {word}")
# ============================
# 61. Email Validator
# ============================
import re
def email_validator():
email = input("Enter your email address: ")
# Regular expression for validating an email
regex = r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$'
if re.match(regex, email):
print(f"{email} is a valid email address.")
else:
print(f"{email} is not a valid email address.")
# ============================
# 62. Unit Converter (Temperature)
# ============================
def temperature_converter():
print("Choose the conversion:")
print("1. Celsius to Fahrenheit")
print("2. Fahrenheit to Celsius")
choice = int(input("Enter choice (1 or 2): "))
if choice == 1:
celsius = float(input("Enter temperature in Celsius: "))
fahrenheit = (celsius * 9/5) + 32
print(f"{celsius}°C is equal to {fahrenheit}°F.")
elif choice == 2:
fahrenheit = float(input("Enter temperature in Fahrenheit: "))
celsius = (fahrenheit - 32) * 5/9
print(f"{fahrenheit}°F is equal to {celsius}°C.")
else:
print("Invalid choice.")
# ============================
# 63. Roman to Integer Converter
# ============================
def roman_to_integer():
roman = input("Enter a Roman numeral: ").upper()
roman_dict = {'I': 1, 'V': 5, 'X': 10, 'L': 50, 'C': 100, 'D': 500, 'M': 1000}
total = 0
prev_value = 0
for char in reversed(roman):
value = roman_dict.get(char, 0)
if value < prev_value:
total -= value
else:
total += value
prev_value = value
print(f"The integer value of {roman} is {total}.")
# ============================
# 64. Simple Interest Calculator
# ============================
def simple_interest():
principal = float(input("Enter the principal amount: "))
rate = float(input("Enter the rate of interest: "))
time = float(input("Enter the time period in years: "))
interest = (principal * rate * time) / 100
print(f"The simple interest is: {interest}")
total_amount = principal + interest
print(f"The total amount after interest is: {total_amount}")
# ============================
# 65. Countdown Timer (with Custom Message)
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer_custom_message():
count = int(input("Enter countdown time in seconds: "))
message = input("Enter a custom message for the countdown: ")
while count >= 0:
mins, secs = divmod(count, 60)
timeformat = '{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(mins, secs)
print(timeformat, end='\r')
time.sleep(1)
count -= 1
print(f"Time's up! {message}")
# ============================
# 66. String to Pig Latin Converter
# ============================
def pig_latin_converter():
sentence = input("Enter a sentence: ").split()
pig_latin_sentence = []
for word in sentence:
first_letter = word[0].lower()
if first_letter in 'aeiou':
pig_latin_word = word + 'way'
else:
pig_latin_word = word[1:] + first_letter + 'ay'
pig_latin_sentence.append(pig_latin_word.lower())
print(f"Pig Latin version: {' '.join(pig_latin_sentence)}")
# ============================
# 67. Multiplication Table Generator
# ============================
def multiplication_table():
number = int(input("Enter a number to generate its multiplication table: "))
for i in range(1, 11):
print(f"{number} x {i} = {number * i}")
# ============================
# 68. Magic 8 Ball
# ============================
import random
def magic_8_ball():
responses = [
"Yes", "No", "Maybe", "Ask again later", "Definitely not", "Yes, but not right now",
"The future is unclear", "I don't know", "Certainly", "Not a chance"
]
question = input("Ask a yes or no question: ")
print(f"Magic 8 Ball says: {random.choice(responses)}")
# ============================
# 69. Vowel Counter
# ============================
def vowel_counter():
string = input("Enter a string: ")
vowels = "aeiouAEIOU"
count = sum(1 for char in string if char in vowels)
print(f"The number of vowels in the string is: {count}")
# ============================
# 70. Loan EMI Calculator
# ============================
def loan_emi_calculator():
principal = float(input("Enter the loan amount: "))
rate = float(input("Enter the rate of interest (annual): ")) / 100 / 12
months = int(input("Enter the number of months to pay: "))
emi = (principal * rate * (1 + rate) ** months) / ((1 + rate) ** months - 1)
print(f"Your monthly EMI is: {emi:.2f}")
# ============================
# 71. Contact Book System
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
def add_contact():
name = input("Enter name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Contact {name} added.")
def view_contacts():
if contacts:
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"Name: {name}, Phone: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts available.")
while True:
print("1. Add Contact")
print("2. View Contacts")
print("3. Exit")
choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
if choice == 1:
add_contact()
elif choice == 2:
view_contacts()
elif choice == 3:
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
# ============================
# 72. Task Tracker
# ============================
def task_tracker():
tasks = []
def add_task():
task = input("Enter task: ")
tasks.append(task)
print(f"Task '{task}' added.")
def view_tasks():
if tasks:
print("Your tasks:")
for task in tasks:
print(f"- {task}")
else:
print("No tasks available.")
while True:
print("1. Add Task")
print("2. View Tasks")
print("3. Exit")
choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
if choice == 1:
add_task()
elif choice == 2:
view_tasks()
elif choice == 3:
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
# ============================
# 73. Birthday Reminder
# ============================
def birthday_reminder():
birthdays = {}
def add_birthday():
name = input("Enter the name: ")
date = input("Enter the birthday (DD/MM/YYYY): ")
birthdays[name] = date
print(f"Birthday for {name} added.")
def view_birthdays():
if birthdays:
for name, date in birthdays.items():
print(f"{name}: {date}")
else:
print("No birthdays available.")
while True:
print("1. Add Birthday")
print("2. View Birthdays")
print("3. Exit")
choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
if choice == 1:
add_birthday()
elif choice == 2:
view_birthdays()
elif choice == 3:
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
# ============================
# 74. Palindrome Checker
# ============================
def palindrome_checker():
string = input("Enter a string: ").lower()
if string == string[::-1]:
print(f"{string} is a palindrome.")
else:
print(f"{string} is not a palindrome.")
# ============================
# 75. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
number = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
while True:
guess = int(input("Guess the number between 1 and 100: "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number:
print("Too low. Try again.")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high. Try again.")
else:
print(f"Congratulations! You guessed the number in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 76. Tip Calculator
# ============================
def tip_calculator():
amount = float(input("Enter the total amount: "))
tip_percentage = float(input("Enter the tip percentage: "))
tip = (amount * tip_percentage) / 100
total_amount = amount + tip
print(f"The tip is: {tip:.2f}")
print(f"The total amount after tip is: {total_amount:.2f}")
# ============================
# 77. Loan Amortization Calculator
# ============================
def loan_amortization():
principal = float(input("Enter loan amount: "))
rate = float(input("Enter annual interest rate (in %): ")) / 100 / 12
months = int(input("Enter number of months: "))
emi = (principal * rate * (1 + rate) ** months) / ((1 + rate) ** months - 1)
print(f"Your EMI is: {emi:.2f}")
print("Amortization Schedule:")
for month in range(1, months + 1):
principal_payment = emi - (principal * rate)
interest_payment = principal * rate
principal -= principal_payment
print(f"Month {month}: Interest = {interest_payment:.2f}, Principal = {principal_payment:.2f}, Remaining Principal = {principal:.2f}")
# ============================
# 78. Countdown Timer (Interactive)
# ============================
import time
def interactive_countdown_timer():
seconds = int(input("Enter the number of seconds: "))
for i in range(seconds, 0, -1):
print(i, end="\r")
time.sleep(1)
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 79. Password Strength Checker
# ============================
import re
def password_strength_checker():
password = input("Enter your password: ")
# Check if password meets the criteria
if len(password) < 8:
print("Password too short! It must be at least 8 characters.")
elif not re.search("[a-z]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one lowercase letter.")
elif not re.search("[A-Z]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one uppercase letter.")
elif not re.search("[0-9]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one number.")
elif not re.search("[!@#$%^&*(),.?\":{}|<>]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one special character.")
else:
print("Password is strong.")
# ============================
# 80. Basic To-Do List
# ============================
def todo_list():
todos = []
def add_todo():
todo = input("Enter a to-do item: ")
todos.append(todo)
print(f"'{todo}' added to the to-do list.")
def view_todos():
if todos:
print("Your To-Do List:")
for idx, todo in enumerate(todos, start=1):
print(f"{idx}. {todo}")
else:
print("No to-do items.")
while True:
print("1. Add To-Do")
print("2. View To-Dos")
print("3. Exit")
choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
if choice == 1:
add_todo()
elif choice == 2:
view_todos()
elif choice == 3:
break
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")
# ============================
# 81. Simple Calculator
# ============================
def simple_calculator():
print("Welcome to the Simple Calculator!")
while True:
print("\nSelect operation:")
print("1. Add")
print("2. Subtract")
print("3. Multiply")
print("4. Divide")
print("5. Exit")
choice = input("Enter choice(1/2/3/4/5): ")
if choice == '5':
print("Exiting the calculator. Goodbye!")
break
num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
if choice == '1':
print(f"{num1} + {num2} = {num1 + num2}")
elif choice == '2':
print(f"{num1} - {num2} = {num1 - num2}")
elif choice == '3':
print(f"{num1} * {num2} = {num1 * num2}")
elif choice == '4':
if num2 != 0:
print(f"{num1} / {num2} = {num1 / num2}")
else:
print("Cannot divide by zero!")
else:
print("Invalid input, please try again.")
# ============================
# 82. Currency Converter
# ============================
def currency_converter():
print("Welcome to the Currency Converter!")
conversion_rates = {
"USD": 1,
"EUR": 0.85,
"INR": 75.00,
"GBP": 0.74,
"JPY": 110.30
}
base_currency = input("Enter the base currency (USD, EUR, INR, GBP, JPY): ").upper()
if base_currency not in conversion_rates:
print("Invalid currency.")
return
amount = float(input(f"Enter amount in {base_currency}: "))
target_currency = input("Enter the target currency (USD, EUR, INR, GBP, JPY): ").upper()
if target_currency not in conversion_rates:
print("Invalid target currency.")
return
conversion_rate = conversion_rates[target_currency] / conversion_rates[base_currency]
converted_amount = amount * conversion_rate
print(f"{amount} {base_currency} = {converted_amount:.2f} {target_currency}")
# ============================
# 83. Age Calculator
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def age_calculator():
birth_date = input("Enter your birthdate (DD/MM/YYYY): ")
birth_date = datetime.strptime(birth_date, "%d/%m/%Y")
today = datetime.today()
age = today.year - birth_date.year
if today.month < birth_date.month or (today.month == birth_date.month and today.day < birth_date.day):
age -= 1
print(f"Your age is: {age} years.")
# ============================
# 84. Email Validator
# ============================
import re
def email_validator():
email = input("Enter your email: ")
if re.match(r"[^@]+@[^@]+\.[^@]+", email):
print("Valid email address.")
else:
print("Invalid email address.")
# ============================
# 85. Dice Roller Simulation
# ============================
import random
def dice_roller():
print("Welcome to the Dice Roller Simulator!")
while True:
roll = input("Roll the dice (y/n): ").lower()
if roll == 'y':
dice_roll = random.randint(1, 6)
print(f"You rolled a {dice_roll}")
elif roll == 'n':
print("Exiting the Dice Roller. Goodbye!")
break
else:
print("Invalid input. Please enter 'y' or 'n'.")
# ============================
# 86. Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [" " for _ in range(9)]
current_player = "X"
def print_board():
print(f"{board[0]} | {board[1]} | {board[2]}")
print("--+---+--")
print(f"{board[3]} | {board[4]} | {board[5]}")
print("--+---+--")
print(f"{board[6]} | {board[7]} | {board[8]}")
def check_winner():
for i in range(0, 9, 3):
if board[i] == board[i+1] == board[i+2] != " ":
return True
for i in range(3):
if board[i] == board[i+3] == board[i+6] != " ":
return True
if board[0] == board[4] == board[8] != " ":
return True
if board[2] == board[4] == board[6] != " ":
return True
return False
while " " in board:
print_board()
move = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter your move (1-9): ")) - 1
if board[move] == " ":
board[move] = current_player
if check_winner():
print_board()
print(f"Player {current_player} wins!")
break
current_player = "O" if current_player == "X" else "X"
else:
print("Invalid move, try again.")
else:
print("It's a draw!")
print_board()
# ============================
# 87. Simple Stopwatch
# ============================
import time
def stopwatch():
print("Welcome to the Stopwatch!")
input("Press Enter to start...")
start_time = time.time()
while True:
input("Press Enter to stop...")
end_time = time.time()
elapsed_time = round(end_time - start_time, 2)
print(f"Elapsed time: {elapsed_time} seconds")
break
# ============================
# 88. Weather Information Fetcher
# ============================
import requests
def weather_info():
api_key = "YOUR_API_KEY" # Replace with your OpenWeatherMap API key
city = input("Enter city name: ")
url = f"http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q={city}&appid={api_key}&units=metric"
response = requests.get(url)
data = response.json()
if data["cod"] == "404":
print("City not found!")
else:
main = data["main"]
temperature = main["temp"]
humidity = main["humidity"]
description = data["weather"][0]["description"]
print(f"Temperature: {temperature}°C")
print(f"Humidity: {humidity}%")
print(f"Weather: {description}")
# ============================
# 89. Countdown Timer (Fixed Time)
# ============================
def countdown_timer_fixed():
print("Enter time for countdown (in seconds): ")
seconds = int(input())
while seconds >= 0:
minutes, sec = divmod(seconds, 60)
print(f"{minutes:02}:{sec:02}", end="\r")
time.sleep(1)
seconds -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 90. Contact Info Search
# ============================
def contact_info_search():
contacts = {
"John": "1234567890",
"Alice": "0987654321",
"Bob": "1122334455",
}
name = input("Enter contact name: ")
if name in contacts:
print(f"Contact information for {name}: {contacts[name]}")
else:
print("Contact not found.")
# ============================
# 91. To-Do List Application
# ============================
def todo_list():
todos = []
while True:
print("\nTo-Do List:")
print("1. Add Task")
print("2. View Tasks")
print("3. Remove Task")
print("4. Exit")
choice = input("Choose an option: ")
if choice == '1':
task = input("Enter the task: ")
todos.append(task)
elif choice == '2':
if todos:
print("\nYour Tasks:")
for i, task in enumerate(todos, start=1):
print(f"{i}. {task}")
else:
print("No tasks available.")
elif choice == '3':
if todos:
task_num = int(input(f"Enter task number to remove (1-{len(todos)}): "))
if 1 <= task_num <= len(todos):
removed_task = todos.pop(task_num - 1)
print(f"Removed task: {removed_task}")
else:
print("Invalid task number.")
else:
print("No tasks to remove.")
elif choice == '4':
print("Exiting To-Do List. Goodbye!")
break
else:
print("Invalid option, try again.")
# ============================
# 92. Palindrome Checker
# ============================
def palindrome_checker():
word = input("Enter a word: ").lower()
if word == word[::-1]:
print(f"{word} is a palindrome!")
else:
print(f"{word} is not a palindrome.")
# ============================
# 93. Fibonacci Sequence
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence():
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms in the Fibonacci sequence: "))
a, b = 0, 1
print(f"Fibonacci sequence with {n} terms:")
for _ in range(n):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
print()
# ============================
# 94. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
print("Welcome to the Number Guessing Game!")
number = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
while True:
guess = int(input("Guess a number between 1 and 100: "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number:
print("Too low! Try again.")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high! Try again.")
else:
print(f"Correct! The number was {number}. You guessed it in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 95. Prime Number Checker
# ============================
def prime_number_checker():
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num < 2:
print(f"{num} is not a prime number.")
return
for i in range(2, int(num ** 0.5) + 1):
if num % i == 0:
print(f"{num} is not a prime number.")
return
print(f"{num} is a prime number.")
# ============================
# 96. Simple Interest Calculator
# ============================
def simple_interest_calculator():
principal = float(input("Enter the principal amount: "))
rate = float(input("Enter the rate of interest: "))
time = float(input("Enter the time period (in years): "))
interest = (principal * rate * time) / 100
total_amount = principal + interest
print(f"Simple Interest: {interest}")
print(f"Total Amount: {total_amount}")
# ============================
# 97. Number Counter
# ============================
def number_counter():
count = int(input("Enter a number to count up to: "))
for i in range(1, count + 1):
print(i, end=" ")
print()
# ============================
# 98. Temperature Converter
# ============================
def temperature_converter():
print("1. Celsius to Fahrenheit")
print("2. Fahrenheit to Celsius")
choice = input("Choose conversion type (1 or 2): ")
if choice == '1':
celsius = float(input("Enter temperature in Celsius: "))
fahrenheit = (celsius * 9/5) + 32
print(f"{celsius}°C = {fahrenheit}°F")
elif choice == '2':
fahrenheit = float(input("Enter temperature in Fahrenheit: "))
celsius = (fahrenheit - 32) * 5/9
print(f"{fahrenheit}°F = {celsius}°C")
else:
print("Invalid choice.")
# ============================
# 99. Multiplication Table
# ============================
def multiplication_table():
num = int(input("Enter a number to display its multiplication table: "))
print(f"Multiplication table for {num}:")
for i in range(1, 11):
print(f"{num} x {i} = {num * i}")
# ============================
# 100. Basic Contact Book
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
while True:
print("\nContact Book:")
print("1. Add Contact")
print("2. View Contacts")
print("3. Search Contact")
print("4. Exit")
choice = input("Choose an option: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Contact for {name} added.")
elif choice == '2':
if contacts:
print("\nYour Contacts:")
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"{name}: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts available.")
elif choice == '3':
name = input("Enter name to search: ")
if name in contacts:
print(f"{name}: {contacts[name]}")
else:
print("Contact not found.")
elif choice == '4':
print("Exiting the Contact Book. Goodbye!")
break
else:
print("Invalid option, try again.")
# ============================
# 101. Dice Rolling Simulator
# ============================
import random
def dice_rolling_simulator():
print("Welcome to the Dice Rolling Simulator!")
while True:
input("Press Enter to roll the dice...")
roll = random.randint(1, 6)
print(f"You rolled a {roll}!")
again = input("Do you want to roll again? (y/n): ")
if again.lower() != 'y':
print("Thanks for playing!")
break
# ============================
# 102. Password Strength Checker
# ============================
import re
def password_strength_checker():
password = input("Enter a password: ")
if len(password) < 8:
print("Password too short!")
elif not re.search("[A-Z]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one uppercase letter.")
elif not re.search("[a-z]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one lowercase letter.")
elif not re.search("[0-9]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one number.")
elif not re.search("[!@#$%^&*(),.?\":{}|<>]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one special character.")
else:
print("Password is strong!")
# ============================
# 103. Calendar Generator
# ============================
import calendar
def calendar_generator():
year = int(input("Enter the year: "))
month = int(input("Enter the month: "))
print(calendar.month(year, month))
# ============================
# 104. Binary to Decimal Converter
# ============================
def binary_to_decimal():
binary = input("Enter a binary number: ")
decimal = int(binary, 2)
print(f"The decimal equivalent of {binary} is {decimal}.")
# ============================
# 105. Decimal to Binary Converter
# ============================
def decimal_to_binary():
decimal = int(input("Enter a decimal number: "))
binary = bin(decimal)[2:]
print(f"The binary equivalent of {decimal} is {binary}.")
# ============================
# 106. Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def print_board(board):
print("\n")
for row in board:
print(" | ".join(row))
print("-" * 5)
def check_winner(board):
# Check rows, columns, and diagonals
for i in range(3):
if board[i][0] == board[i][1] == board[i][2] != ' ':
return True
if board[0][i] == board[1][i] == board[2][i] != ' ':
return True
if board[0][0] == board[1][1] == board[2][2] != ' ':
return True
if board[0][2] == board[1][1] == board[2][0] != ' ':
return True
return False
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [[' ' for _ in range(3)] for _ in range(3)]
current_player = 'X'
while True:
print_board(board)
row = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter the row (0, 1, or 2): "))
col = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter the column (0, 1, or 2): "))
if board[row][col] == ' ':
board[row][col] = current_player
else:
print("Cell already taken. Try again.")
continue
if check_winner(board):
print_board(board)
print(f"Player {current_player} wins!")
break
current_player = 'O' if current_player == 'X' else 'X'
# ============================
# 107. Countdown Timer
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer():
seconds = int(input("Enter time in seconds: "))
while seconds > 0:
mins, secs = divmod(seconds, 60)
time_format = '{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(mins, secs)
print(time_format, end='\r')
time.sleep(1)
seconds -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 108. Loan EMI Calculator
# ============================
def loan_emi_calculator():
principal = float(input("Enter the loan amount: "))
rate_of_interest = float(input("Enter the rate of interest per year (%): "))
time_in_years = float(input("Enter the loan tenure in years: "))
rate_of_interest /= (12 * 100) # Monthly interest
time_in_months = time_in_years * 12 # Convert years to months
emi = (principal * rate_of_interest * (1 + rate_of_interest) ** time_in_months) / ((1 + rate_of_interest) ** time_in_months - 1)
print(f"Your monthly EMI is: {emi:.2f}")
# ============================
# 109. Leap Year Checker
# ============================
def leap_year_checker():
year = int(input("Enter a year: "))
if (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0) or (year % 400 == 0):
print(f"{year} is a leap year.")
else:
print(f"{year} is not a leap year.")
# ============================
# 110. Rock, Paper, Scissors Game
# ============================
import random
def rock_paper_scissors():
choices = ['rock', 'paper', 'scissors']
while True:
user_choice = input("Enter rock, paper, or scissors: ").lower()
if user_choice not in choices:
print("Invalid choice! Try again.")
continue
computer_choice = random.choice(choices)
print(f"Computer chose: {computer_choice}")
if user_choice == computer_choice:
print("It's a tie!")
elif (user_choice == 'rock' and computer_choice == 'scissors') or (user_choice == 'paper' and computer_choice == 'rock') or (user_choice == 'scissors' and computer_choice == 'paper'):
print("You win!")
else:
print("You lose!")
play_again = input("Do you want to play again? (y/n): ")
if play_again.lower() != 'y':
break
# ============================
# 111. Age Calculator
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def age_calculator():
birth_date = input("Enter your birth date (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
birth_date = datetime.strptime(birth_date, "%Y-%m-%d")
today = datetime.today()
age = today.year - birth_date.year - ((today.month, today.day) < (birth_date.month, birth_date.day))
print(f"Your age is: {age} years")
# ============================
# 112. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import time
import winsound
def alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter the time for the alarm (HH:MM): ")
while True:
current_time = time.strftime("%H:%M")
if current_time == alarm_time:
print("Time's up! Wake up!")
winsound.Beep(1000, 1000) # Beep sound
break
time.sleep(60) # Wait for one minute
# ============================
# 113. Currency Converter
# ============================
def currency_converter():
amount = float(input("Enter amount in USD: "))
currency_rate = 74.57 # Example: USD to INR conversion rate
converted_amount = amount * currency_rate
print(f"{amount} USD is equal to {converted_amount} INR")
# ============================
# 114. Fibonacci Sequence Generator
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence():
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms in the Fibonacci sequence: "))
a, b = 0, 1
print("Fibonacci Sequence:")
for _ in range(n):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
print()
# ============================
# 115. Simple Interest Calculator
# ============================
def simple_interest_calculator():
principal = float(input("Enter the principal amount: "))
rate = float(input("Enter the rate of interest (%): "))
time = float(input("Enter the time (in years): "))
interest = (principal * rate * time) / 100
print(f"Simple interest: {interest}")
# ============================
# 116. Hangman Game
# ============================
import random
def hangman():
word_list = ['python', 'java', 'ruby', 'javascript']
word = random.choice(word_list)
guessed_word = ['_'] * len(word)
attempts = 6
print("Welcome to Hangman!")
while attempts > 0:
print(" ".join(guessed_word))
guess = input(f"You have {attempts} attempts left. Enter a letter: ").lower()
if guess in word:
for i in range(len(word)):
if word[i] == guess:
guessed_word[i] = guess
print("Good guess!")
else:
attempts -= 1
print("Wrong guess!")
if '_' not in guessed_word:
print(f"Congratulations, you guessed the word {word}!")
break
else:
print(f"Game over! The word was {word}.")
# ============================
# 117. To-Do List Application
# ============================
def todo_list():
tasks = []
while True:
print("\nTo-Do List Application:")
print("1. Add task")
print("2. View tasks")
print("3. Delete task")
print("4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
task = input("Enter task description: ")
tasks.append(task)
print(f"Task '{task}' added.")
elif choice == '2':
if tasks:
print("Your tasks:")
for idx, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
print(f"{idx}. {task}")
else:
print("No tasks yet.")
elif choice == '3':
task_number = int(input("Enter task number to delete: "))
if 1 <= task_number <= len(tasks):
removed_task = tasks.pop(task_number - 1)
print(f"Task '{removed_task}' deleted.")
else:
print("Invalid task number.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 118. Binary Search Algorithm
# ============================
def binary_search(arr, target):
low, high = 0, len(arr) - 1
while low <= high:
mid = (low + high) // 2
if arr[mid] == target:
return mid
elif arr[mid] < target:
low = mid + 1
else:
high = mid - 1
return -1
def binary_search_program():
arr = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19]
target = int(input("Enter the number to search: "))
result = binary_search(arr, target)
if result != -1:
print(f"Number found at index {result}.")
else:
print("Number not found.")
# ============================
# 119. Prime Number Checker
# ============================
def prime_number_checker():
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if number < 2:
print(f"{number} is not a prime number.")
return
for i in range(2, int(number**0.5) + 1):
if number % i == 0:
print(f"{number} is not a prime number.")
return
print(f"{number} is a prime number.")
# ============================
# 120. Matrix Multiplication
# ============================
def matrix_multiplication():
rows_a = int(input("Enter number of rows for Matrix A: "))
cols_a = int(input("Enter number of columns for Matrix A: "))
matrix_a = []
print("Enter elements of Matrix A:")
for _ in range(rows_a):
matrix_a.append([int(x) for x in input().split()])
rows_b = int(input("Enter number of rows for Matrix B: "))
cols_b = int(input("Enter number of columns for Matrix B: "))
if cols_a != rows_b:
print("Matrix multiplication not possible!")
return
matrix_b = []
print("Enter elements of Matrix B:")
for _ in range(rows_b):
matrix_b.append([int(x) for x in input().split()])
result = [[0 for _ in range(cols_b)] for _ in range(rows_a)]
for i in range(rows_a):
for j in range(cols_b):
for k in range(cols_a):
result[i][j] += matrix_a[i][k] * matrix_b[k][j]
print("Resulting Matrix:")
for row in result:
print(" ".join(map(str, row)))
# ============================
# 121. Email Slicer
# ============================
def email_slicer():
email = input("Enter your email: ")
username, domain = email.split('@')
print(f"Your username is: {username}")
print(f"Your domain is: {domain}")
# ============================
# 122. Countdown Timer
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer():
t = int(input("Enter the time for countdown (in seconds): "))
while t:
mins, secs = divmod(t, 60)
timeformat = '{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(mins, secs)
print(timeformat, end='\r')
time.sleep(1)
t -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 123. Password Strength Checker
# ============================
import re
def password_strength_checker():
password = input("Enter your password: ")
if len(password) < 8:
print("Password is too short!")
elif not re.search("[A-Z]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one uppercase letter.")
elif not re.search("[0-9]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one digit.")
elif not re.search("[@#$%^&+=]", password):
print("Password must contain at least one special character.")
else:
print("Password is strong!")
# ============================
# 124. Random Joke Generator
# ============================
import requests
def random_joke_generator():
response = requests.get("https://official-joke-api.appspot.com/random_joke")
joke = response.json()
print(f"Here's a joke: {joke['setup']}")
print(f"{joke['punchline']}")
# ============================
# 125. Contact Book
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
while True:
print("\n1. Add Contact\n2. View Contacts\n3. Search Contact\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Contact {name} added.")
elif choice == '2':
if contacts:
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"Name: {name}, Phone: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts in the book.")
elif choice == '3':
name = input("Enter name to search: ")
if name in contacts:
print(f"Phone number of {name}: {contacts[name]}")
else:
print("Contact not found.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 126. Basic Calculator with GUI
# ============================
import tkinter as tk
def basic_calculator_gui():
def click(button_text):
current = entry.get()
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(tk.END, current + button_text)
def clear():
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
def calculate():
try:
result = eval(entry.get())
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(tk.END, result)
except:
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(tk.END, "Error")
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Basic Calculator")
entry = tk.Entry(root, width=20, font=("Arial", 24), borderwidth=2, relief="solid")
entry.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)
buttons = [
('7', 1, 0), ('8', 1, 1), ('9', 1, 2), ('/', 1, 3),
('4', 2, 0), ('5', 2, 1), ('6', 2, 2), ('*', 2, 3),
('1', 3, 0), ('2', 3, 1), ('3', 3, 2), ('-', 3, 3),
('0', 4, 0), ('.', 4, 1), ('+', 4, 2), ('=', 4, 3)
]
for (text, row, col) in buttons:
button = tk.Button(root, text=text, font=("Arial", 18), width=5, height=2, command=lambda text=text: click(text) if text != '=' else calculate())
button.grid(row=row, column=col)
clear_button = tk.Button(root, text="C", font=("Arial", 18), width=5, height=2, command=clear)
clear_button.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=2)
root.mainloop()
# ============================
# 127. Simple Chatbot
# ============================
def simple_chatbot():
responses = {
"hello": "Hi there! How can I help you?",
"how are you": "I'm doing great, thanks for asking!",
"bye": "Goodbye! Have a great day!",
"default": "I'm sorry, I didn't understand that."
}
print("Chatbot: Hello! Type 'bye' to exit.")
while True:
user_input = input("You: ").lower()
if user_input == 'bye':
print("Chatbot: Goodbye!")
break
else:
print(f"Chatbot: {responses.get(user_input, responses['default'])}")
# ============================
# 128. Word Count in a Text
# ============================
def word_count():
text = input("Enter a sentence: ")
words = text.split()
print(f"Word count: {len(words)}")
# ============================
# 129. Simple Voting System
# ============================
def voting_system():
candidates = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"]
votes = {candidate: 0 for candidate in candidates}
while True:
print("\nCandidates:")
for idx, candidate in enumerate(candidates, 1):
print(f"{idx}. {candidate}")
choice = int(input("Enter the number of the candidate you want to vote for (0 to exit): "))
if choice == 0:
break
elif 1 <= choice <= len(candidates):
votes[candidates[choice - 1]] += 1
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
print("\nVoting results:")
for candidate, vote in votes.items():
print(f"{candidate}: {vote} votes")
# ============================
# 130. Guess the Number Game
# ============================
import random
def guess_the_number():
number = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
print("Welcome to 'Guess the Number' game!")
while True:
guess = int(input("Guess the number (between 1 and 100): "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number:
print("Too low! Try again.")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high! Try again.")
else:
print(f"Congratulations! You guessed the number {number} in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 131. To-Do List Application
# ============================
def todo_list():
tasks = []
while True:
print("\n1. Add Task\n2. View Tasks\n3. Remove Task\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
task = input("Enter the task: ")
tasks.append(task)
print(f"Task '{task}' added.")
elif choice == '2':
if tasks:
print("\nYour Tasks:")
for idx, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
print(f"{idx}. {task}")
else:
print("No tasks found.")
elif choice == '3':
if tasks:
task_num = int(input("Enter task number to remove: "))
if 1 <= task_num <= len(tasks):
removed_task = tasks.pop(task_num - 1)
print(f"Task '{removed_task}' removed.")
else:
print("Invalid task number.")
else:
print("No tasks to remove.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 132. Currency Converter
# ============================
import requests
def currency_converter():
print("Welcome to the currency converter!")
base_currency = input("Enter the base currency (e.g., USD): ")
target_currency = input("Enter the target currency (e.g., EUR): ")
amount = float(input("Enter the amount: "))
url = f"https://api.exchangerate-api.com/v4/latest/{base_currency}"
response = requests.get(url).json()
if target_currency in response['rates']:
converted_amount = amount * response['rates'][target_currency]
print(f"{amount} {base_currency} is equal to {converted_amount} {target_currency}.")
else:
print("Invalid currency code.")
# ============================
# 133. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import time
import winsound
def alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter the time for the alarm (HH:MM:SS): ")
print("Waiting for alarm...")
while True:
current_time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
if current_time == alarm_time:
print("Time's up! Alarm ringing...")
winsound.Beep(1000, 1000)
break
time.sleep(1)
# ============================
# 134. Birthday Reminder
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def birthday_reminder():
birthdays = {}
while True:
print("\n1. Add Birthday\n2. View Birthdays\n3. Check Today's Birthdays\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter name: ")
date_str = input("Enter birthday (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
date = datetime.strptime(date_str, "%Y-%m-%d")
birthdays[name] = date
print(f"Birthday for {name} added.")
elif choice == '2':
if birthdays:
print("\nBirthdays List:")
for name, date in birthdays.items():
print(f"{name}: {date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}")
else:
print("No birthdays saved.")
elif choice == '3':
today = datetime.today()
print("\nToday's Birthdays:")
for name, date in birthdays.items():
if date.month == today.month and date.day == today.day:
print(f"{name}: {date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')}")
else:
print("No birthdays today.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 135. Flashcard Quiz App
# ============================
def flashcard_quiz():
flashcards = {
"Python": "A high-level programming language",
"HTML": "Standard markup language for web pages",
"CSS": "Style sheet language used for web page styling"
}
print("Welcome to the Flashcard Quiz App!")
for term, definition in flashcards.items():
print(f"Term: {term}")
input("Press Enter to see the definition...")
print(f"Definition: {definition}")
print("------------")
# ============================
# 136. Age Calculator
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def age_calculator():
birthdate_str = input("Enter your birthdate (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
birthdate = datetime.strptime(birthdate_str, "%Y-%m-%d")
today = datetime.today()
age = today.year - birthdate.year
if today.month < birthdate.month or (today.month == birthdate.month and today.day < birthdate.day):
age -= 1
print(f"You are {age} years old.")
# ============================
# 137. Random Number Generator
# ============================
import random
def random_number_generator():
start = int(input("Enter the starting number: "))
end = int(input("Enter the ending number: "))
random_number = random.randint(start, end)
print(f"The random number between {start} and {end} is: {random_number}")
# ============================
# 138. Simple Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def print_board(board):
print("\n")
print(" | ".join(board[0:3]))
print("---------")
print(" | ".join(board[3:6]))
print("---------")
print(" | ".join(board[6:9]))
print("\n")
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [' ' for _ in range(9)]
current_player = 'X'
print("Welcome to Tic-Tac-Toe!")
for i in range(9):
print_board(board)
position = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, choose a position (1-9): ")) - 1
if board[position] == ' ':
board[position] = current_player
if (board[0] == board[1] == board[2] or
board[3] == board[4] == board[5] or
board[6] == board[7] == board[8] or
board[0] == board[3] == board[6] or
board[1] == board[4] == board[7] or
board[2] == board[5] == board[8] or
board[0] == board[4] == board[8] or
board[2] == board[4] == board[6]):
print_board(board)
print(f"Player {current_player} wins!")
return
current_player = 'O' if current_player == 'X' else 'X'
else:
print("Position already taken! Try again.")
print_board(board)
print("It's a tie!")
# ============================
# 139. Simple Dice Roller
# ============================
import random
def dice_roller():
roll = input("Roll the dice? (yes/no): ").lower()
while roll == "yes":
dice = random.randint(1, 6)
print(f"You rolled a {dice}")
roll = input("Roll again? (yes/no): ").lower()
print("Goodbye!")
# ============================
# 140. Countdown Timer with Sound
# ============================
import time
import winsound
def countdown_with_sound():
t = int(input("Enter the time for countdown (in seconds): "))
while t:
mins, secs = divmod(t, 60)
timeformat = '{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(mins, secs)
print(timeformat, end='\r')
time.sleep(1)
t -= 1
print("Time's up!")
winsound.Beep(1000, 1000)
# ============================
# 141. Weather App
# ============================
import requests
def weather_app():
city = input("Enter city name: ")
api_key = "your_api_key_here"
base_url = f"http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q={city}&appid={api_key}&units=metric"
response = requests.get(base_url).json()
if response['cod'] == 200:
main = response['main']
wind = response['wind']
weather_desc = response['weather'][0]['description']
temperature = main['temp']
humidity = main['humidity']
wind_speed = wind['speed']
print(f"Weather in {city}:")
print(f"Description: {weather_desc.capitalize()}")
print(f"Temperature: {temperature}°C")
print(f"Humidity: {humidity}%")
print(f"Wind Speed: {wind_speed} m/s")
else:
print("City not found.")
# ============================
# 142. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
number_to_guess = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
print("Welcome to the Number Guessing Game!")
print("Guess the number between 1 and 100.")
while True:
guess = int(input("Enter your guess: "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number_to_guess:
print("Too low! Try again.")
elif guess > number_to_guess:
print("Too high! Try again.")
else:
print(f"Correct! You guessed the number in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 143. Mad Libs Game
# ============================
def mad_libs():
print("Welcome to Mad Libs Game!")
adjective = input("Enter an adjective: ")
noun = input("Enter a noun: ")
verb = input("Enter a verb: ")
adverb = input("Enter an adverb: ")
print(f"\nHere is your story:\n")
print(f"The {adjective} {noun} decided to {verb} {adverb}.")
# ============================
# 144. Simple Chatbot
# ============================
def chatbot():
print("Hello! I am a chatbot. How can I assist you today?")
while True:
user_input = input("You: ")
if user_input.lower() in ['hi', 'hello']:
print("Chatbot: Hello! How can I help you today?")
elif 'bye' in user_input.lower():
print("Chatbot: Goodbye! Have a nice day.")
break
else:
print(f"Chatbot: You said {user_input}. Sorry, I don't understand.")
# ============================
# 145. Countdown Timer with Logging
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer_with_logging():
time_in_sec = int(input("Enter countdown time in seconds: "))
print("Countdown started...")
while time_in_sec > 0:
mins, secs = divmod(time_in_sec, 60)
print(f"{mins:02d}:{secs:02d}", end="\r")
time.sleep(1)
time_in_sec -= 1
print("Time's up!")
log_time()
def log_time():
with open("time_log.txt", "a") as file:
file.write("Countdown completed at: " + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") + "\n")
print("Time logged to time_log.txt.")
# ============================
# 146. Email Slicer
# ============================
def email_slicer():
email = input("Enter your email address: ")
username, domain = email.split('@')
print(f"Username: {username}")
print(f"Domain: {domain}")
# ============================
# 147. Simple Calculator with GUI
# ============================
import tkinter as tk
def calculator_gui():
def add():
result_var.set(float(entry1.get()) + float(entry2.get()))
def subtract():
result_var.set(float(entry1.get()) - float(entry2.get()))
def multiply():
result_var.set(float(entry1.get()) * float(entry2.get()))
def divide():
try:
result_var.set(float(entry1.get()) / float(entry2.get()))
except ZeroDivisionError:
result_var.set("Error! Div by 0")
window = tk.Tk()
window.title("Simple Calculator")
entry1 = tk.Entry(window)
entry1.grid(row=0, column=0)
entry2 = tk.Entry(window)
entry2.grid(row=0, column=1)
result_var = tk.StringVar()
result_label = tk.Label(window, textvariable=result_var)
result_label.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2)
add_button = tk.Button(window, text="Add", command=add)
add_button.grid(row=2, column=0)
subtract_button = tk.Button(window, text="Subtract", command=subtract)
subtract_button.grid(row=2, column=1)
multiply_button = tk.Button(window, text="Multiply", command=multiply)
multiply_button.grid(row=3, column=0)
divide_button = tk.Button(window, text="Divide", command=divide)
divide_button.grid(row=3, column=1)
window.mainloop()
# ============================
# 148. Contact Book
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
while True:
print("\n1. Add Contact\n2. View Contacts\n3. Remove Contact\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter contact name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Contact for {name} added.")
elif choice == '2':
if contacts:
print("\nYour Contacts:")
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"{name}: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts found.")
elif choice == '3':
name = input("Enter the name of the contact to remove: ")
if name in contacts:
del contacts[name]
print(f"Contact for {name} removed.")
else:
print(f"No contact found for {name}.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 149. File Renamer
# ============================
import os
def file_renamer():
path = input("Enter directory path: ")
prefix = input("Enter prefix to add to files: ")
files = os.listdir(path)
for file in files:
if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, file)):
new_name = prefix + file
os.rename(os.path.join(path, file), os.path.join(path, new_name))
print(f"Renamed: {file} to {new_name}")
print("File renaming completed.")
# ============================
# 150. Image to Grayscale Converter
# ============================
from PIL import Image
def image_to_grayscale():
image_path = input("Enter image file path: ")
image = Image.open(image_path)
grayscale_image = image.convert("L")
grayscale_image.save("grayscale_image.png")
grayscale_image.show()
print("Image converted to grayscale and saved as 'grayscale_image.png'.")
# ============================
# 151. Simple Stopwatch
# ============================
import time
def simple_stopwatch():
input("Press Enter to start the stopwatch...")
start_time = time.time()
input("Press Enter to stop the stopwatch...")
end_time = time.time()
elapsed_time = end_time - start_time
print(f"Elapsed time: {elapsed_time:.2f} seconds")
# ============================
# 152. Dice Roller
# ============================
import random
def dice_roller():
roll_again = "yes"
while roll_again.lower() == "yes":
print(f"Rolling the dice... You got: {random.randint(1, 6)}")
roll_again = input("Do you want to roll again? (yes/no): ")
# ============================
# 153. Prime Number Checker
# ============================
def prime_number_checker():
number = int(input("Enter a number to check if it is prime: "))
if number > 1:
for i in range(2, int(number / 2) + 1):
if (number % i) == 0:
print(f"{number} is not a prime number.")
break
else:
print(f"{number} is a prime number.")
else:
print(f"{number} is not a prime number.")
# ============================
# 154. Palindrome Checker
# ============================
def palindrome_checker():
string = input("Enter a string to check if it's a palindrome: ")
if string == string[::-1]:
print(f"{string} is a palindrome.")
else:
print(f"{string} is not a palindrome.")
# ============================
# 155. To-Do List
# ============================
def todo_list():
tasks = []
while True:
print("\n1. Add Task\n2. View Tasks\n3. Remove Task\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
task = input("Enter task: ")
tasks.append(task)
print(f"Task '{task}' added.")
elif choice == '2':
if tasks:
print("\nYour To-Do List:")
for index, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
print(f"{index}. {task}")
else:
print("No tasks in the list.")
elif choice == '3':
task_index = int(input("Enter task number to remove: ")) - 1
if 0 <= task_index < len(tasks):
removed_task = tasks.pop(task_index)
print(f"Task '{removed_task}' removed.")
else:
print("Invalid task number.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 156. Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [' ' for _ in range(9)]
current_player = "X"
def print_board():
print(f"{board[0]} | {board[1]} | {board[2]}")
print("--+---+--")
print(f"{board[3]} | {board[4]} | {board[5]}")
print("--+---+--")
print(f"{board[6]} | {board[7]} | {board[8]}")
def check_winner():
win_conditions = [(0, 1, 2), (3, 4, 5), (6, 7, 8), (0, 3, 6), (1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (0, 4, 8), (2, 4, 6)]
for condition in win_conditions:
if board[condition[0]] == board[condition[1]] == board[condition[2]] != ' ':
return True
return False
while ' ' in board:
print_board()
move = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter your move (1-9): ")) - 1
if board[move] == ' ':
board[move] = current_player
if check_winner():
print_board()
print(f"Player {current_player} wins!")
break
current_player = "O" if current_player == "X" else "X"
else:
print("Invalid move, try again.")
if ' ' not in board:
print_board()
print("It's a draw!")
# ============================
# 157. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import datetime
import time
def alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter the alarm time in HH:MM format: ")
alarm_hour, alarm_minute = map(int, alarm_time.split(":"))
while True:
current_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M")
print(f"Current time: {current_time}", end="\r")
if current_time == f"{alarm_hour:02d}:{alarm_minute:02d}":
print("\nAlarm ringing! Time's up!")
break
time.sleep(60)
# ============================
# 158. Currency Converter
# ============================
def currency_converter():
amount = float(input("Enter the amount in USD: "))
currency = input("Enter the target currency (e.g., EUR, INR, GBP): ").upper()
exchange_rates = {
"EUR": 0.85, # Example rate
"INR": 75.0, # Example rate
"GBP": 0.74 # Example rate
}
if currency in exchange_rates:
converted_amount = amount * exchange_rates[currency]
print(f"{amount} USD is equal to {converted_amount} {currency}.")
else:
print("Currency not supported.")
# ============================
# 159. Fibonacci Sequence Generator
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence():
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms: "))
a, b = 0, 1
print("Fibonacci Sequence:")
for _ in range(n):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
print()
# ============================
# 160. Binary Search
# ============================
def binary_search():
arr = [int(x) for x in input("Enter sorted numbers separated by space: ").split()]
target = int(input("Enter the number to search: "))
low, high = 0, len(arr) - 1
found = False
while low <= high:
mid = (low + high) // 2
if arr[mid] == target:
found = True
break
elif arr[mid] < target:
low = mid + 1
else:
high = mid - 1
if found:
print(f"Number {target} found at index {mid}.")
else:
print(f"Number {target} not found in the list.")
# ============================
# 161. Countdown Timer
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer():
total_seconds = int(input("Enter countdown time in seconds: "))
while total_seconds > 0:
minutes, seconds = divmod(total_seconds, 60)
print(f"Time left: {minutes:02d}:{seconds:02d}", end="\r")
time.sleep(1)
total_seconds -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 162. Weather App (API based)
# ============================
import requests
def weather_app():
city = input("Enter the city name: ")
api_key = "your_api_key_here" # Replace with your own API key
url = f"http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q={city}&appid={api_key}"
response = requests.get(url)
data = response.json()
if response.status_code == 200:
temp = data['main']['temp'] - 273.15 # Convert from Kelvin to Celsius
weather = data['weather'][0]['description']
print(f"Weather in {city}: {weather}")
print(f"Temperature: {temp:.2f}°C")
else:
print(f"City {city} not found!")
# ============================
# 163. Simple Calculator
# ============================
def simple_calculator():
num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
operator = input("Enter operator (+, -, *, /): ")
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
if operator == "+":
result = num1 + num2
elif operator == "-":
result = num1 - num2
elif operator == "*":
result = num1 * num2
elif operator == "/":
result = num1 / num2
else:
print("Invalid operator!")
return
print(f"Result: {result}")
# ============================
# 164. Simple Chatbot
# ============================
def simple_chatbot():
print("Hello! I'm a simple chatbot. Type 'exit' to end the conversation.")
while True:
user_input = input("You: ")
if user_input.lower() == "exit":
print("Goodbye!")
break
elif "how are you" in user_input.lower():
print("Chatbot: I'm doing well, thank you!")
elif "hello" in user_input.lower():
print("Chatbot: Hello! How can I assist you today?")
else:
print("Chatbot: Sorry, I didn't understand that.")
# ============================
# 165. Text-based Adventure Game
# ============================
def adventure_game():
print("Welcome to the Adventure Game!")
print("You are in a forest. There are two paths ahead.")
print("1. Take the left path")
print("2. Take the right path")
choice = input("Which path do you choose (1/2): ")
if choice == "1":
print("You took the left path and encountered a dragon!")
action = input("Do you fight or run? (fight/run): ")
if action == "fight":
print("You bravely fought the dragon and won! You are a hero!")
else:
print("You ran away and safely returned to the forest entrance.")
elif choice == "2":
print("You took the right path and found a treasure chest!")
action = input("Do you open it or leave it? (open/leave): ")
if action == "open":
print("You found a pile of gold! You're rich!")
else:
print("You left the treasure chest and continued walking.")
else:
print("Invalid choice. Please choose 1 or 2.")
# ============================
# 166. Basic Contact Book
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
while True:
print("\n1. Add Contact\n2. View Contacts\n3. Search Contact\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Contact {name} added.")
elif choice == '2':
if contacts:
print("\nYour Contacts:")
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"{name}: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts in the list.")
elif choice == '3':
name = input("Enter the name to search: ")
if name in contacts:
print(f"Contact found: {name}: {contacts[name]}")
else:
print(f"No contact found with the name {name}.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 167. Simple Password Generator
# ============================
import random
import string
def password_generator():
length = int(input("Enter the length of the password: "))
characters = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + string.punctuation
password = ''.join(random.choice(characters) for _ in range(length))
print(f"Generated password: {password}")
# ============================
# 168. Basic Quiz Game
# ============================
def quiz_game():
questions = [
{"question": "What is the capital of France?", "answer": "Paris"},
{"question": "What is 2 + 2?", "answer": "4"},
{"question": "Who is the author of '1984'?", "answer": "George Orwell"},
]
score = 0
for q in questions:
answer = input(q["question"] + " ")
if answer.lower() == q["answer"].lower():
score += 1
print(f"You got {score}/{len(questions)} correct!")
# ============================
# 169. BMI Calculator
# ============================
def bmi_calculator():
height = float(input("Enter your height in meters: "))
weight = float(input("Enter your weight in kilograms: "))
bmi = weight / (height ** 2)
print(f"Your BMI is: {bmi:.2f}")
if bmi < 18.5:
print("You are underweight.")
elif 18.5 <= bmi < 24.9:
print("You have a normal weight.")
elif 25 <= bmi < 29.9:
print("You are overweight.")
else:
print("You are obese.")
# ============================
# 170. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
number = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
print("Welcome to the Number Guessing Game!")
print("I have chosen a number between 1 and 100. Try to guess it.")
while True:
guess = int(input("Enter your guess: "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number:
print("Too low!")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high!")
else:
print(f"Congratulations! You've guessed the number in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 171. Tic-Tac-Toe Game
# ============================
def print_board(board):
for row in board:
print(" | ".join(row))
print("-" * 5)
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [[" " for _ in range(3)] for _ in range(3)]
current_player = "X"
winner = None
while winner is None:
print_board(board)
row = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter row (0, 1, 2): "))
col = int(input(f"Player {current_player}, enter column (0, 1, 2): "))
if board[row][col] == " ":
board[row][col] = current_player
winner = check_winner(board)
current_player = "O" if current_player == "X" else "X"
else:
print("Cell already taken! Try again.")
print_board(board)
print(f"Player {winner} wins!")
def check_winner(board):
for row in board:
if row[0] == row[1] == row[2] and row[0] != " ":
return row[0]
for col in range(3):
if board[0][col] == board[1][col] == board[2][col] and board[0][col] != " ":
return board[0][col]
if board[0][0] == board[1][1] == board[2][2] and board[0][0] != " ":
return board[0][0]
if board[0][2] == board[1][1] == board[2][0] and board[0][2] != " ":
return board[0][2]
return None
# ============================
# 172. Flashcard App
# ============================
def flashcard_app():
flashcards = {
"What is the capital of France?": "Paris",
"What is 5 + 5?": "10",
"What color is the sky?": "Blue",
}
for question, answer in flashcards.items():
print(f"Question: {question}")
input("Press Enter to see the answer.")
print(f"Answer: {answer}")
print("-" * 30)
# ============================
# 173. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import time
import winsound
def alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter alarm time (HH:MM AM/PM): ")
alarm_hour, alarm_minute = map(int, alarm_time[:-6].split(":"))
if alarm_time[-2:].upper() == "PM" and alarm_hour != 12:
alarm_hour += 12
if alarm_time[-2:].upper() == "AM" and alarm_hour == 12:
alarm_hour = 0
print("Waiting for alarm...")
while True:
current_time = time.localtime()
if current_time.tm_hour == alarm_hour and current_time.tm_min == alarm_minute:
print("Alarm Time!")
winsound.Beep(1000, 1000) # Beep sound
break
time.sleep(30)
# ============================
# 174. Age Calculator
# ============================
from datetime import datetime
def age_calculator():
birth_date = input("Enter your birth date (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
birth_date = datetime.strptime(birth_date, "%Y-%m-%d")
today = datetime.today()
age = today.year - birth_date.year
if today.month < birth_date.month or (today.month == birth_date.month and today.day < birth_date.day):
age -= 1
print(f"You are {age} years old.")
# ============================
# 175. To-Do List App
# ============================
def todo_list():
todos = []
while True:
print("\n1. Add Todo\n2. View Todos\n3. Remove Todo\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
todo = input("Enter a new todo: ")
todos.append(todo)
print(f"Todo '{todo}' added.")
elif choice == '2':
if todos:
print("\nYour Todos:")
for i, todo in enumerate(todos, 1):
print(f"{i}. {todo}")
else:
print("No todos found.")
elif choice == '3':
todo_num = int(input("Enter the number of the todo to remove: "))
if 0 < todo_num <= len(todos):
removed_todo = todos.pop(todo_num - 1)
print(f"Removed todo: {removed_todo}")
else:
print("Invalid todo number.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 176. Currency Converter
# ============================
def currency_converter():
currencies = {
"USD": 1,
"EUR": 0.85,
"GBP": 0.75,
"INR": 74.85,
"AUD": 1.35,
}
print("Available currencies: USD, EUR, GBP, INR, AUD")
from_currency = input("Enter the currency to convert from: ").upper()
to_currency = input("Enter the currency to convert to: ").upper()
amount = float(input("Enter the amount: "))
if from_currency in currencies and to_currency in currencies:
converted_amount = amount * (currencies[to_currency] / currencies[from_currency])
print(f"{amount} {from_currency} is equal to {converted_amount:.2f} {to_currency}.")
else:
print("Invalid currency.")
# ============================
# 177. Expense Tracker
# ============================
def expense_tracker():
expenses = []
while True:
print("\n1. Add Expense\n2. View Expenses\n3. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
category = input("Enter the expense category: ")
amount = float(input("Enter the expense amount: "))
expenses.append({"category": category, "amount": amount})
print(f"Added expense: {category} - {amount}")
elif choice == '2':
if expenses:
print("\nYour Expenses:")
total = 0
for expense in expenses:
print(f"{expense['category']}: {expense['amount']}")
total += expense['amount']
print(f"Total Expenses: {total}")
else:
print("No expenses recorded.")
elif choice == '3':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 178. Fibonacci Sequence
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence(n):
fib_sequence = [0, 1]
while len(fib_sequence) < n:
fib_sequence.append(fib_sequence[-1] + fib_sequence[-2])
return fib_sequence
def print_fibonacci():
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms: "))
print(f"The first {n} terms of the Fibonacci sequence are:")
print(fibonacci_sequence(n))
# ============================
# 179. Email Validator
# ============================
import re
def email_validator():
email = input("Enter your email: ")
regex = r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$'
if re.match(regex, email):
print("Valid email!")
else:
print("Invalid email!")
# ============================
# 180. Prime Number Checker
# ============================
def prime_number_checker():
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if number < 2:
print("Not a prime number.")
return
for i in range(2, int(number ** 0.5) + 1):
if number % i == 0:
print("Not a prime number.")
return
print("It's a prime number!")
# ============================
# 181. Weather App
# ============================
import requests
def weather_app():
city = input("Enter the city name: ")
api_key = "your_api_key_here"
base_url = f"http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q={city}&appid={api_key}&units=metric"
response = requests.get(base_url)
if response.status_code == 200:
data = response.json()
main_data = data["main"]
weather_data = data["weather"][0]
print(f"City: {city}")
print(f"Temperature: {main_data['temp']}°C")
print(f"Weather: {weather_data['description']}")
else:
print("City not found or invalid API key.")
# ============================
# 182. Countdown Timer
# ============================
import time
def countdown_timer():
seconds = int(input("Enter time in seconds for countdown: "))
while seconds >= 0:
mins, secs = divmod(seconds, 60)
time_format = f"{mins:02d}:{secs:02d}"
print(time_format, end="\r")
time.sleep(1)
seconds -= 1
print("Time's up!")
# ============================
# 183. Quiz Game
# ============================
def quiz_game():
questions = {
"What is the capital of USA?": "Washington D.C.",
"Who developed Python?": "Guido van Rossum",
"What is 2 + 2?": "4",
}
score = 0
for question, correct_answer in questions.items():
print(question)
answer = input("Your answer: ")
if answer.lower() == correct_answer.lower():
score += 1
print(f"Your score: {score}/{len(questions)}")
# ============================
# 184. Contact Book
# ============================
def contact_book():
contacts = {}
while True:
print("\n1. Add Contact\n2. View Contacts\n3. Remove Contact\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
name = input("Enter name: ")
phone = input("Enter phone number: ")
contacts[name] = phone
print(f"Added contact: {name} - {phone}")
elif choice == '2':
if contacts:
print("\nYour Contacts:")
for name, phone in contacts.items():
print(f"{name}: {phone}")
else:
print("No contacts found.")
elif choice == '3':
name = input("Enter the name of the contact to remove: ")
if name in contacts:
del contacts[name]
print(f"Removed contact: {name}")
else:
print("Contact not found.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 185. Palindrome Checker
# ============================
def palindrome_checker():
word = input("Enter a word: ")
if word == word[::-1]:
print(f"'{word}' is a palindrome!")
else:
print(f"'{word}' is not a palindrome.")
# ============================
# 186. Simple Chatbot
# ============================
def simple_chatbot():
print("Hello, I am your chatbot. Type 'exit' to end the conversation.")
while True:
user_input = input("You: ")
if user_input.lower() == 'exit':
print("Goodbye!")
break
elif "hello" in user_input.lower():
print("Chatbot: Hi there!")
elif "how are you" in user_input.lower():
print("Chatbot: I'm doing great, thank you!")
else:
print("Chatbot: I'm not sure how to respond to that.")
# ============================
# 187. Rock Paper Scissors
# ============================
import random
def rock_paper_scissors():
choices = ["rock", "paper", "scissors"]
user_choice = input("Enter rock, paper, or scissors: ").lower()
if user_choice not in choices:
print("Invalid choice.")
return
computer_choice = random.choice(choices)
print(f"Computer chose: {computer_choice}")
if user_choice == computer_choice:
print("It's a tie!")
elif (user_choice == "rock" and computer_choice == "scissors") or \
(user_choice == "paper" and computer_choice == "rock") or \
(user_choice == "scissors" and computer_choice == "paper"):
print("You win!")
else:
print("You lose!")
# ============================
# 188. Currency Converter (Real-time rates)
# ============================
import requests
def real_time_currency_converter():
base_currency = input("Enter the base currency (USD, EUR, etc.): ").upper()
target_currency = input("Enter the target currency: ").upper()
amount = float(input("Enter the amount: "))
api_url = f"https://api.exchangerate-api.com/v4/latest/{base_currency}"
response = requests.get(api_url)
if response.status_code == 200:
data = response.json()
if target_currency in data['rates']:
conversion_rate = data['rates'][target_currency]
converted_amount = amount * conversion_rate
print(f"{amount} {base_currency} = {converted_amount:.2f} {target_currency}")
else:
print("Target currency not found.")
else:
print("Error fetching exchange rates.")
# ============================
# 189. Simple Calculator (GUI)
# ============================
import tkinter as tk
def calculator_gui():
def click_button(value):
current = entry.get()
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(0, current + value)
def clear():
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
def calculate():
try:
result = eval(entry.get())
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(0, result)
except Exception as e:
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(0, "Error")
window = tk.Tk()
window.title("Calculator")
entry = tk.Entry(window, width=20, font=('Arial', 20), bd=10, relief="solid", justify="right")
entry.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)
buttons = [
("7", 1, 0), ("8", 1, 1), ("9", 1, 2),
("4", 2, 0), ("5", 2, 1), ("6", 2, 2),
("1", 3, 0), ("2", 3, 1), ("3", 3, 2),
("0", 4, 1), ("C", 4, 0), ("=", 4, 2),
("+", 1, 3), ("-", 2, 3), ("*", 3, 3), ("/", 4, 3)
]
for (text, row, col) in buttons:
if text == "=":
button = tk.Button(window, text=text, width=5, height=2, font=('Arial', 18), command=calculate)
elif text == "C":
button = tk.Button(window, text=text, width=5, height=2, font=('Arial', 18), command=clear)
else:
button = tk.Button(window, text=text, width=5, height=2, font=('Arial', 18), command=lambda val=text: click_button(val))
button.grid(row=row, column=col)
window.mainloop()
# ============================
# 190. Number Guessing Game
# ============================
import random
def number_guessing_game():
number = random.randint(1, 100)
attempts = 0
print("Welcome to the Number Guessing Game!")
while True:
guess = int(input("Guess a number between 1 and 100: "))
attempts += 1
if guess < number:
print("Too low!")
elif guess > number:
print("Too high!")
else:
print(f"Correct! You've guessed the number in {attempts} attempts.")
break
# ============================
# 191. To-Do List
# ============================
def to_do_list():
tasks = []
while True:
print("\n1. Add Task\n2. View Tasks\n3. Remove Task\n4. Exit")
choice = input("Enter your choice: ")
if choice == '1':
task = input("Enter the task: ")
tasks.append(task)
print(f"Added task: {task}")
elif choice == '2':
if tasks:
print("\nYour Tasks:")
for idx, task in enumerate(tasks, start=1):
print(f"{idx}. {task}")
else:
print("No tasks found.")
elif choice == '3':
task_idx = int(input("Enter the task number to remove: ")) - 1
if 0 <= task_idx < len(tasks):
removed_task = tasks.pop(task_idx)
print(f"Removed task: {removed_task}")
else:
print("Invalid task number.")
elif choice == '4':
break
else:
print("Invalid choice!")
# ============================
# 192. Flashcard App
# ============================
def flashcard_app():
flashcards = {
"What is the capital of France?": "Paris",
"Who wrote '1984'?": "George Orwell",
"What is the square root of 16?": "4",
}
for question, answer in flashcards.items():
print(question)
user_answer = input("Your answer: ")
if user_answer.lower() == answer.lower():
print("Correct!")
else:
print(f"Wrong! The correct answer is {answer}.")
# ============================
# 193. Currency Converter (Static rates)
# ============================
def static_currency_converter():
conversion_rates = {
"USD": 1,
"EUR": 0.85,
"GBP": 0.75,
"INR": 74.60,
}
base_currency = input("Enter the base currency (USD, EUR, GBP, INR): ").upper()
target_currency = input("Enter the target currency: ").upper()
amount = float(input("Enter the amount: "))
if base_currency in conversion_rates and target_currency in conversion_rates:
converted_amount = amount * (conversion_rates[target_currency] / conversion_rates[base_currency])
print(f"{amount} {base_currency} = {converted_amount:.2f} {target_currency}")
else:
print("Invalid currency.")
# ============================
# 194. Simple Alarm Clock
# ============================
import time
from datetime import datetime
def simple_alarm_clock():
alarm_time = input("Enter the time for the alarm (HH:MM format): ")
while True:
current_time = datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M")
if current_time == alarm_time:
print("ALARM! Time's up!")
break
time.sleep(60)
# ============================
# 195. Fibonacci Sequence Generator
# ============================
def fibonacci_sequence():
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms in the Fibonacci sequence: "))
a, b = 0, 1
for _ in range(n):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
print()
# ============================
# 196. Birthday Reminder
# ============================
def birthday_reminder():
birthdays = {
"Alice": "2000-05-10",
"Bob": "1995-08-15",
"Charlie": "2001-12-25",
}
today = datetime.now().strftime("%m-%d")
for name, date in birthdays.items():
if date[5:] == today:
print(f"Today is {name}'s birthday!")
# ============================
# 197. Simple Web Scraper
# ============================
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
def simple_web_scraper():
url = input("Enter the URL of the webpage to scrape: ")
response = requests.get(url)
if response.status_code == 200:
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
titles = soup.find_all('h1')
for title in titles:
print(title.get_text())
else:
print("Failed to retrieve the webpage.")
# ============================
# 198. Email Validator
# ============================
import re
def email_validator():
email = input("Enter an email address: ")
regex = r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$'
if re.match(regex, email):
print(f"'{email}' is a valid email address.")
else:
print(f"'{email}' is not a valid email address.")
# ============================
# 199. Guess the Word Game
# ============================
import random
def guess_the_word():
words = ["python", "java", "ruby", "javascript", "html"]
word = random.choice(words)
guessed_word = "_" * len(word)
attempts = 6
guessed_letters = []
print("Welcome to Guess the Word!")
while attempts > 0 and "_" in guessed_word:
print(f"Word: {guessed_word}")
print(f"Guessed letters: {', '.join(guessed_letters)}")
print(f"Attempts left: {attempts}")
guess = input("Guess a letter: ").lower()
if guess in guessed_letters:
print("You've already guessed that letter!")
continue
guessed_letters.append(guess)
if guess in word:
guessed_word = "".join([letter if letter == guess or guessed_word[idx] != "_" else "_" for idx, letter in enumerate(word)])
print("Correct guess!")
else:
attempts -= 1
print("Incorrect guess!")
if "_" not in guessed_word:
print(f"Congratulations! You guessed the word: {word}")
else:
print(f"Game over! The word was: {word}")
# ============================
# 200. Simple File Encryption
# ============================
def simple_file_encryption():
key = int(input("Enter an encryption key (a number): "))
filename = input("Enter the filename to encrypt: ")
with open(filename, 'r') as file:
data = file.read()
encrypted_data = "".join([chr(ord(char) + key) for char in data])
with open("encrypted_" + filename, 'w') as file:
file.write(encrypted_data)
print(f"File '{filename}' has been encrypted and saved as 'encrypted_{filename}'.")
:
print(f"Game over! The word was: {word}")
# ============================
# 200. Simple File Encryption
# ============================
def simple_file_encryption():
key = int(input("Enter an encryption key (a number): "))
filename = input("Enter the filename to encrypt: ")
with open(filename, 'r') as file:
data = file.read()
encrypted_data = "".join([chr(ord(char) + key) for char in data])
with open("encrypted_" + filename, 'w') as file:
file.write(encrypted_data)
print(f"File '{filename}' has been encrypted and saved as 'encrypted_{filename}'.")
Convert a String to Title Case In Python
NON PERFORMING LOAN OF FINANCE COMPANIES Q1 2081/82
Finance companies in Nepal are grappling with a surge in non-performing loans (NPLs). As of the first quarter of the current fiscal year, the average NPL ratio of finance companies has climbed to 9.34%, compared to 8.10% in the same period last year.
This increase is attributed to the prolonged slowdown in the domestic economy, which has hampered effective loan disbursement and recovery. Despite implementing various strategies to curb inactive loans, financial institutions have struggled to achieve significant results, leading to further growth in NPLs.
Among finance companies, Janaki Finance saw the steepest rise, with its NPL ratio surging by 17.04 percentage points to 34.64%. Samriddhi Finance’s NPLs also jumped by 18.68 percentage points to reach 23.47%. Similarly, NPLs of Guheshwori Merchant and Nepal Finance have exceeded 10%, while Manjushree Finance recorded the lowest ratio at 3.12%.
Nepal Rastra Bank mandates a maximum NPL threshold of 5%. Institutions exceeding this limit face restrictions on deposit collection, lending, branch expansion, employee remuneration hikes, and dividend distribution. Notably, seven listed finance companies currently exceed the 5% NPL limit.
SEE FULL REPORT
Non-Performing Loan (NPL) of Finance Companies
| Company Name | 1st Quarter 2081/82 | 1st Quarter 2080/81 | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Janaki Finance | 34.64% | 17.60% | 17.04% |
| Samriddhi Finance | 23.47% | 4.79% | 18.68% |
| Guheshowori Merchant Bank & Finance | 13.56% | 4.72% | 8.84% |
| Nepal Finance | 10.36% | 11.75% | -1.39% |
| Central Finance | 8.71% | 7.43% | 1.28% |
| Reliance Finance | 8.58% | 4.96% | 3.62% |
| Progressive Finance | 7.47% | 12.45% | -4.98% |
| Multipurpose Finance | 4.97% | 1.22% | 3.75% |
| Goodwill Finance | 4.91% | 3.97% | 0.94% |
| Best Finance Company | 3.98% | 5.49% | -1.51% |
| Pokhara Finance | 3.85% | 2.08% | 1.77% |
| ICFC Finance | 3.66% | 3.23% | 0.43% |
| Gurkhas Finance | 3.21% | 1.94% | 1.27% |
| Shree Investment Finance | 3.19% | 1.20% | 1.99% |
| Manjushree Finance | 3.12% | 2.85% | 0.27% |
CHIMMEK LAGHUBITTA ANNOUNCE ITS Q1 2081/82 REPORT
Chhimek Laghubitta Bittiya Sanstha Limited (CBBL) has published its unaudited financial report for the first quarter of the current fiscal year, showing a slight increase in net profit compared to the same period last year. As of Ashoj’s end, the company has earned a net profit of NPR 23.74 crores, a 7.38% rise from NPR 22.11 crores in the same period of the previous fiscal year. Despite a decline in interest income, a significant 52.04% reduction in impairment charges contributed to the profit increase. During the review period, the company’s net interest income grew by 6.67%, although total operating income decreased by 3.10%. The distributable profit stands at NPR 1.90 billion, with a distributable earnings per share (EPS) of NPR 63.86. The company’s EPS rose by NPR 0.71 to reach NPR 31.91, while its net worth per share stands at NPR 256.99, and the price-to-earnings ratio is 31.50 times. With a paid-up capital of NPR 2.97 billion, CBBL maintains a reserve fund of NPR 4.67 billion. By the end of Ashoj, the company has mobilized NPR 38.86 billion in deposits and extended NPR 36.49 billion in loans.
SEE REPORT
Financial Data Table
| Dimension | Q1 – 081/082 | Q1 – 080/081 | Q4 – 080/081 | Q3 – 080/081 | Q2 – 080/081 | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paid Up Capital | 1.17 Arab | 1.08 Arab | 1.17 Arab | 1.17 Arab | 1.08 Arab | 7.5 |
| Reserve | 1.40 Arab | 92.34 Cr | 1.42 Arab | 1.25 Arab | 1.26 Arab | 52.03 |
| Retained Earning | 31.81 Cr | 25.81 Cr | 28.11 Cr | 42.23 Cr | 40.39 Cr | 23.26 |
| Deposit | 5.66 Arab | 4.29 Arab | 5.24 Arab | 5.41 Arab | 5.24 Arab | 31.76 |
| Loan | 21.29 Arab | 17.17 Arab | 20.64 Arab | 19.49 Arab | 18.37 Arab | 24.05 |
| Net Interest Income | 30.45 Cr | 14.91 Cr | 1.16 Arab | 59.23 Cr | 35.32 Cr | 104.22 |
| Net Fee Commission Income | 5.24 Cr | 4.89 Cr | 25.80 Cr | 14.92 Cr | 10.67 Cr | 7.12 |
| Operating Profit | 14.97 Cr | 7.87 Cr | 47.17 Cr | 27.25 Cr | 14.89 Cr | 90.32 |
| Net Profit | 10.48 Cr | 5.51 Cr | 34.09 Cr | 19.08 Cr | 10.42 Cr | 90.32 |
| Distributable Profit | 33.02 Cr | 4.29 Cr | 28.11 Cr | 29.01 Cr | 38.52 Cr | 668.8 |
| EPS | 35.29 | 20.31 | 29.25 | 21.82 | 19.12 | 73.76 |
| Net Worth | 247.75 | 208.97 | 245.9 | 243.29 | 253.88 | 18.56 |
| NPL | 4.26 | 4.17 | 3.25 | 4.36 | 3.74 | 2.16 |
| RWA | 11.95 | 12.53 | 11.3 | 12.18 | 12.63 | -4.63 |
| Total Assets | 23.62 Arab | 18.26 Arab | 22.22 Arab | 21.30 Arab | 20.27 Arab | 29.34 |
| Total Liabilities | 20.74 Arab | 16.00 Arab | 19.35 Arab | 18.46 Arab | 17.52 Arab | 29.61 |
| Cost of Fund | 8.81 | 9.97 | 9.58 | 9.92 | 9.85 | -11.63 |
| Base Rate | 13.53 | 14.32 | 13.84 | 13.72 | 14.25 | -5.52 |
| Interest Spread | 4.81 | 2.69 | 4.23 | 3.15 | 3.29 | 78.81 |
| CD Ratio | 385.59 | 353.69 | 369.78 | 365.27 | 355.48 | 9.02 |
STANDARD CHARTERED BANK ANNOUNCE ITS DIVIDENT
Standard Chartered Bank Limited (SCB) has called its 38th Annual General Meeting (AGM) to endorse the proposed dividend distribution from the profit of the last fiscal year.
Details of the AGM:
- Date: Mangsir 25, 2081
- Venue: Army Officers Club, Bhadrakali, Kathmandu
- Time: 9:30 AM
Proposed Dividend:
- 6.50% Bonus Shares
- 19% Cash Dividend (including tax purposes)
The dividend will be distributed based on the current paid-up capital.
Key Agendas of the AGM:
- Approval of Dividend Proposal:
- To approve the distribution of bonus shares and cash dividends.
- Amendment of Articles of Association and Bylaws:
- To authorize the Board of Directors to make necessary amendments.
- Appointment of Auditor:
- To appoint an auditor for the upcoming fiscal year.
- Other general proposals.
Book Closure Information:
- Book Closure Date: Mangsir 6, 2081 (for one day).
- Eligibility for Shareholders:
- Shareholders listed on NEPSE by Mangsir 5, 2081, will be eligible to attend the AGM and receive the proposed dividend.
Standard Chartered Bank Limited encourages its shareholders to actively participate in the AGM and provide valuable feedback on the bank’s future plans.
SUPERMAI HYDROPOWER ANNOUNCE AGM FOR 2081/82
Supermai Hydropower Limited (SMH) has announced its 10th Annual General Meeting (AGM), scheduled to take place on 28th Mangsir, 2081. The meeting will be held at Lisara Receptions, Naxal, Kathmandu, commencing at 4 PM.
Key Agendas of the AGM:
- Endorsement of Dividend:
- A 12.63% dividend has been proposed for the fiscal year 2080/81.
- 7% bonus shares, valued at Rs. 3.50 Crores.
- 5.63% cash dividend (including tax), worth Rs. 2.81 Crores.
- The proposal was approved in the 108th board meeting held on Bhadra 17.
- Review and Approval of Financial Statements:
- Auditor’s Report for FY 2080/81.
- Profit and Loss Statement, Financial Reports, and Cash Flow Reports.
- Appointment of Auditor:
- Selection and appointment of an auditor for the fiscal year 2081/82.
Financial Overview:
- Paid-up Capital: Rs. 50 Crores.
AGM NOTICE
CODE FOR OVULATION CALCULATOR HTML CSS AND JS
FEATURE OF THE CODE
Cycle Calculation:
- Users can input their last period date and cycle length to calculate their ovulation, fertile window, and menstruation dates.
- Automatic calculation of ovulation date (typically 14 days before the next period) and fertile window (5 days before ovulation).
Mood and Symptoms Tracking:
- Users can select their mood (Happy, Sad, Neutral, Stressed) and input symptoms (e.g., cramps, headaches).
- These inputs are displayed in the results and stored for future reference.
Cycle History Storage:
- The app stores the user’s cycle history (ovulation date, fertile window, menstruation date) in local storage.
- Users can view their cycle history directly on the page.
Cycle Graph Visualization:
- A cycle graph is generated showing color-coded blocks for the fertile window, ovulation, and menstruation.
- The graph visually represents the cycle stages and updates dynamically based on the user’s inputs.
Email Reminders:
- Users can enter their email address to set a reminder for ovulation or menstruation dates.
- This feature is aimed at sending notifications (though actual email sending requires a backend service).
Cycle Length Adjustment:
- Users can adjust their cycle length (default is 28 days) to match their actual cycle length.
- The cycle length impacts the calculations for ovulation, menstruation, and fertile window.
Notification Feature:
- Alerts and reminders can be set for important cycle days like ovulation and menstruation via browser notifications.
- Notifications inform users about upcoming fertile windows or ovulation dates.
Data Persistence and Reset:
- The app stores cycle data in local storage, allowing users to save their data and return to it later.
- Reset functionality is available to clear all inputs and start fresh.
User-Friendly Interface:
- A clean and responsive design with an easy-to-use interface for inputting data, displaying results, and visualizing cycle graphs.
- Dynamic updates: Data such as ovulation and menstruation dates, mood, and symptoms are updated immediately after calculation.
Symptom and Mood Insight:
- The user can track how their mood and symptoms evolve over time and have access to insights on potential trends in their cycle.
- The app allows the user to see how their mood patterns change with respect to the stages of their menstrual cycle.
Advanced Customization:
- Users can customize their cycle length, and the app will adjust ovulation, fertile window, and menstruation dates accordingly.
- Provides personalized insights and cycle predictions based on user input.
Reminder and Notification Setup:
- Users can set up reminders for their next period, ovulation, or fertile window via email or browser notifications.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>🌸 Ovulation Calculator 🌸</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #ffcccc, #ffe6e6);
text-align: center;
animation: bg-animation 5s infinite alternate;
}
@keyframes bg-animation {
0% { background-color: #ffe6e6; }
100% { background-color: #ffcccc; }
}
h1 {
color: #ff4d4d;
font-size: 2.5rem;
margin-top: 20px;
animation: bounce 2s infinite;
}
@keyframes bounce {
0%, 100% { transform: translateY(0); }
50% { transform: translateY(-10px); }
}
.calculator {
background: #fff;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
border-radius: 15px;
padding: 20px;
width: 90%;
max-width: 500px;
margin: 30px auto;
animation: fadeIn 1s ease-out;
}
@keyframes fadeIn {
from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
label {
font-size: 1.2rem;
color: #333;
}
.slider-container {
margin: 20px 0;
}
input[type="range"] {
width: 100%;
}
.cycle-length {
font-size: 1.5rem;
color: #ff6666;
}
.result {
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 1.2rem;
color: #000;
}
.result span {
color: #ff4d4d;
font-weight: bold;
}
.btn {
margin-top: 20px;
padding: 10px 20px;
font-size: 1rem;
color: #fff;
background: #ff4d4d;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background 0.3s;
}
.btn:hover {
background: #cc3333;
}
footer {
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: #666;
}
footer span {
font-size: 1.2rem;
color: #ff9999;
}
.history-section {
margin-top: 30px;
border-top: 1px solid #ffcccc;
padding-top: 20px;
display: none;
}
.history-item {
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.history-btn {
margin-top: 15px;
padding: 10px 20px;
font-size: 1rem;
background: #ff99cc;
color: #fff;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background 0.3s;
}
.history-btn:hover {
background: #cc66b3;
}
.graph-container {
margin-top: 20px;
width: 80%;
max-width: 400px;
margin: 30px auto;
display: none;
}
.graph-bar {
width: 100%;
height: 20px;
background-color: #ff6666;
border-radius: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
position: relative;
}
.graph-bar span {
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: #fff;
}
.tooltip {
display: none;
position: absolute;
background-color: #ff4d4d;
color: white;
padding: 5px;
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.tooltip.active {
display: block;
}
.reminder-container {
margin-top: 20px;
display: none;
}
.email-input {
padding: 10px;
font-size: 1rem;
width: 80%;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.reminder-btn {
background-color: #66cc66;
color: white;
padding: 10px 20px;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>🌸 Ovulation Calculator 🌸</h1>
<div class="calculator">
<label for="cycle">Select your cycle length (days):</label>
<div class="slider-container">
<input type="range" id="cycle" min="21" max="35" value="28" oninput="updateCycleLength(this.value)">
<p class="cycle-length">Cycle Length: <span id="cycleValue">28</span> days</p>
</div>
<label for="lastPeriod">Enter the first day of your last period:</label>
<input type="date" id="lastPeriod">
<label for="symptoms">Track your symptoms:</label>
<input type="text" id="symptoms" placeholder="e.g., bloating, cramps">
<label for="mood">How are you feeling today? (Mood):</label>
<select id="mood">
<option value="happy">😊 Happy</option>
<option value="neutral">😐 Neutral</option>
<option value="sad">😞 Sad</option>
</select>
<div class="result">
<p>Predicted Ovulation Date: <span id="ovulationDate">Not Calculated</span></p>
<p>Fertile Window: <span id="fertileWindow">Not Calculated</span></p>
<p>Predicted Menstruation Date: <span id="menstruationDate">Not Calculated</span></p>
<p>Your Mood: <span id="moodDisplay">Not Provided</span></p>
<p>Your Symptoms: <span id="symptomsDisplay">Not Provided</span></p>
</div>
<button class="btn" onclick="calculateOvulation()">🔍 Calculate</button>
<button class="btn" onclick="resetFields()">🔄 Reset</button>
<div class="reminder-container">
<label for="email">Enter your email to get an ovulation reminder:</label>
<input type="email" id="email" class="email-input" placeholder="youremail@example.com">
<button class="reminder-btn" onclick="setReminder()">Set Reminder 📧</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="history-section" id="historySection">
<h2>Your Previous Cycles:</h2>
<div id="cycleHistory"></div>
<button class="history-btn" onclick="toggleGraph()">📊 View Graph</button>
</div>
<div class="graph-container" id="graphContainer">
<div class="graph-bar" id="cycleGraph">
<span>Cycle Length Graph</span>
</div>
</div>
<script>
let history = [];
function updateCycleLength(value) {
document.getElementById('cycleValue').textContent = value;
}
function calculateOvulation() {
const cycleLength = parseInt(document.getElementById('cycle').value);
const lastPeriodDate = document.getElementById('lastPeriod').value;
const mood = document.getElementById('mood').value;
const symptoms = document.getElementById('symptoms').value;
if (lastPeriodDate) {
const lastPeriod = new Date(lastPeriodDate);
const ovulationDate = new Date(lastPeriod);
ovulationDate.setDate(lastPeriod.getDate() + cycleLength - 14);
const menstruationDate = new Date(ovulationDate);
menstruationDate.setDate(ovulationDate.getDate() - cycleLength + 28);
const fertileWindowStart = new Date(ovulationDate);
fertileWindowStart.setDate(ovulationDate.getDate() - 5);
const fertileWindowEnd = new Date(ovulationDate);
fertileWindowEnd.setDate(ovulationDate.getDate() + 1);
// Update the result display
document.getElementById('ovulationDate').textContent = ovulationDate.toLocaleDateString();
document.getElementById('fertileWindow').textContent = `${fertileWindowStart.toLocaleDateString()} - ${fertileWindowEnd.toLocaleDateString()}`;
document.getElementById('menstruationDate').textContent = menstruationDate.toLocaleDateString();
document.getElementById('moodDisplay').textContent = mood;
document.getElementById('symptomsDisplay').textContent = symptoms;
// Save to history
const entry = {
ovulationDate: ovulationDate.toLocaleDateString(),
fertileWindow: `${fertileWindowStart.toLocaleDateString()} - ${fertileWindowEnd.toLocaleDateString()}`,
menstruationDate: menstruationDate.toLocaleDateString(),
};
history.push(entry);
localStorage.setItem('cycleHistory', JSON.stringify(history));
showHistory();
} else {
alert('Please enter a valid date!');
}
}
function showHistory() {
const historyContainer = document.getElementById('cycleHistory');
historyContainer.innerHTML = '';
const storedHistory = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('cycleHistory')) || [];
storedHistory.forEach((entry, index) => {
const historyItem = document.createElement('div');
historyItem.classList.add('history-item');
historyItem.innerHTML = `
<strong>Cycle ${index + 1}:</strong> Ovulation on ${entry.ovulationDate}, Fertile Window: ${entry.fertileWindow}
`;
historyContainer.appendChild(historyItem);
});
document.getElementById('historySection').style.display = storedHistory.length > 0 ? 'block' : 'none';
}
function resetFields() {
document.getElementById('cycle').value = 28;
document.getElementById('lastPeriod').value = '';
document.getElementById('symptoms').value = '';
document.getElementById('mood').value = 'happy';
document.getElementById('cycleValue').textContent = '28';
document.getElementById('ovulationDate').textContent = 'Not Calculated';
document.getElementById('fertileWindow').textContent = 'Not Calculated';
document.getElementById('menstruationDate').textContent = 'Not Calculated';
document.getElementById('moodDisplay').textContent = 'Not Provided';
document.getElementById('symptomsDisplay').textContent = 'Not Provided';
}
function toggleGraph() {
document.getElementById('graphContainer').style.display =
document.getElementById('graphContainer').style.display === 'none' ? 'block' : 'none';
updateGraph();
}
function updateGraph() {
const cycleData = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('cycleHistory')) || [];
const cycleLength = cycleData.length ? cycleData[cycleData.length - 1].cycleLength : 28;
const graph = document.getElementById('cycleGraph');
graph.style.width = `${cycleLength * 10}px`; // Scaling the graph bar width based on cycle length
}
function setReminder() {
const email = document.getElementById('email').value;
if (email) {
alert(`Reminder set! You'll receive a reminder for your ovulation via email at ${email}.`);
} else {
alert('Please enter a valid email address!');
}
}
window.onload = showHistory;
</script>
</body>
</html>
FIND THE DUPLICATE ELEMENT IN THE LIST IN PYTHON
SEND AN EMAIL USING SMTP IN PYTHON
import smtplib
def send_email():
sender = "your_email@gmail.com"
password = "your_password"
recipient = "recipient_email@gmail.com"
subject = "Test Email"
body = "This is a test email sent using Python."
message = f"Subject: {subject}\n\n{body}"
with smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587) as server:
server.starttls()
server.login(sender, password)
server.sendmail(sender, recipient, message)
print("Email sent successfully!")
# Call the function
# send_email()
Calculate Execution Time of Code In Python
BASIC SORTING OF THE LIST IN PYTHON
WEB SCARPING WITH BEAUTIFULSOUP IN PYTHON
FIND THE LARGEST NUMBER IN THE LIST IN PYTHON
READ AND WRITE TO A FILE IN PYTHON
FIBONACCI SEQUENCE GENERATOR IN PYTHON
REVERSE STRING IN PYTHON
Find Factorial Using Recursion In Python
Check If a Number Is Prime In Python
CREATE A CALCULATOR USING PYTHON
FEATURE OF CALCULATOR
New Features:
- Support for Exponentiation (
^)
Allows the user to calculate powers (e.g.,2^3 = 8). - Support for Modulus (
%)
Provides the remainder when dividing two numbers (e.g.,10 % 3 = 1). - Error Handling for Invalid Inputs
Ensures users only input valid operations and numbers. - Loop for Multiple Calculations
The calculator will continue running until the user decides to exit. - Formatted Output
Adds formatting to improve the user experience.
def calculator():
print("\nWelcome to the Advanced Calculator!")
print("Supported Operations:")
print("+ : Addition")
print("- : Subtraction")
print("* : Multiplication")
print("/ : Division")
print("^ : Exponentiation")
print("% : Modulus (Remainder)")
print("Type 'exit' to quit the calculator.\n")
while True:
# Prompt the user for the operation
operation = input("Enter operation (+, -, *, /, ^, %) or 'exit' to quit: ").strip()
# Exit condition
if operation.lower() == 'exit':
print("Thank you for using the calculator. Goodbye!")
break
# Validate operation
if operation not in ['+', '-', '*', '/', '^', '%']:
print("Invalid operation. Please choose a valid operation.\n")
continue
# Input numbers with validation
try:
num1 = float(input("Enter the first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter the second number: "))
# Perform the operation
if operation == '+':
result = num1 + num2
elif operation == '-':
result = num1 - num2
elif operation == '*':
result = num1 * num2
elif operation == '/':
if num2 != 0:
result = num1 / num2
else:
print("Error: Division by zero is not allowed.\n")
continue
elif operation == '^':
result = num1 ** num2
elif operation == '%':
if num2 != 0:
result = num1 % num2
else:
print("Error: Division by zero is not allowed.\n")
continue
# Display the result
print(f"The result of {num1} {operation} {num2} is: {result}\n")
except ValueError:
print("Invalid input. Please enter valid numbers.\n")
# Run the calculator
calculator()
NMFBS Q1 REPORT 2081/82
National Microfinance Financial Institution Limited (NMFBS) has published its unaudited financial results for the first quarter of the current fiscal year. According to the financial report, the institution has seen a significant increase in its net profit.
Financial Highlights:
- Net Profit:
- The company earned a net profit of Rs. 10.47 Crores in the first quarter.
- This represents an impressive 90.32% increase compared to the Rs. 5.50 Crores net profit achieved during the same period last year.
- Interest Income and Operating Profit:
- The increase in net profit is attributed to higher interest income and operating profit.
- The company’s interest income stands at Rs. 30.44 Crores, more than doubling from the previous year.
- The operating profit has reached Rs. 14.97 Crores, a 90.32% increase compared to the same period last year.
- Capital and Reserves:
- The paid-up capital is Rs. 116.55 Crores.
- The institution has accumulated a reserve fund of Rs. 140 Crores.
- Deposits and Loans:
- The microfinance institution has collected Rs. 56.58 Crores in deposits during the review period.
- It has mobilized Rs. 21.29 Billion in loans through borrowings from other financial institutions.
Other Key Metrics:
- Earnings Per Share (EPS):
- The EPS stands at Rs. 35.29 annually.
- Net Worth Per Share:
- The company’s net worth per share is Rs. 247.75.
- Non-Performing Loan (NPL) Ratio:
- The NPL ratio is 4.26%.
Q1 REPORT 2081/82
| Dimension | Q1 – 081/082 | Q1 – 080/081 | Q4 – 080/081 | Q3 – 080/081 | Q2 – 080/081 | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paid Up Capital | 1.17 Arab | 1.08 Arab | 1.17 Arab | 1.17 Arab | 1.08 Arab | 7.5 |
| Reserve | 1.40 Arab | 92.34 Cr | 1.42 Arab | 1.25 Arab | 1.26 Arab | 52.03 |
| Retained Earning | 31.81 Cr | 25.81 Cr | 28.11 Cr | 42.23 Cr | 40.39 Cr | 23.26 |
| Deposit | 5.66 Arab | 4.29 Arab | 5.24 Arab | 5.41 Arab | 5.24 Arab | 31.76 |
| Loan | 21.29 Arab | 17.17 Arab | 20.64 Arab | 19.49 Arab | 18.37 Arab | 24.05 |
| Net Interest Income | 30.45 Cr | 14.91 Cr | 1.16 Arab | 59.23 Cr | 35.32 Cr | 104.22 |
| Net Fee Commission Income | 5.24 Cr | 4.89 Cr | 25.80 Cr | 14.92 Cr | 10.67 Cr | 7.12 |
| Operating Profit | 14.97 Cr | 7.87 Cr | 47.17 Cr | 27.25 Cr | 14.89 Cr | 90.32 |
| Net Profit | 10.48 Cr | 5.51 Cr | 34.09 Cr | 19.08 Cr | 10.42 Cr | 90.32 |
| Distributable Profit | 33.02 Cr | 4.29 Cr | 28.11 Cr | 29.01 Cr | 38.52 Cr | 668.8 |
| EPS | 35.29 | 20.31 | 29.25 | 21.82 | 19.12 | 73.76 |
| Net Worth | 247.75 | 208.97 | 245.9 | 243.29 | 253.88 | 18.56 |
| NPL | 4.26 | 4.17 | 3.25 | 4.36 | 3.74 | 2.16 |
| RWA | 11.95 | 12.53 | 11.3 | 12.18 | 12.63 | -4.63 |
| Total Assets | 23.62 Arab | 18.26 Arab | 22.22 Arab | 21.30 Arab | 20.27 Arab | 29.34 |
| Total Liabilities | 20.74 Arab | 16.00 Arab | 19.35 Arab | 18.46 Arab | 17.52 Arab | 29.61 |
| Cost of Fund | 8.81 | 9.97 | 9.58 | 9.92 | 9.85 | -11.63 |
| Base Rate | 13.53 | 14.32 | 13.84 | 13.72 | 14.25 | -5.52 |
| Interest Spread | 4.81 | 2.69 | 4.23 | 3.15 | 3.29 | 78.81 |
| CD Ratio | 385.59 | 353.69 | 369.78 | 365.27 | 355.48 | 9.02 |
CGH Q1 REPORT 2081/82
INTRODUCATION
Chandragiri Hills Limited (CGH) has released its unaudited financial results for the first quarter of the current fiscal year. According to the report, the company’s net profit has shown a moderate increase compared to the same period last fiscal year.
Financial Highlights:
- Net Profit:
- The company earned a net profit of Rs. 2.55 Crores in the first quarter.
- This is an increase of 19.45% compared to the Rs. 2.13 Crores net profit earned in the same period last year.
- Revenue and Expenses:
- Despite a decline in revenue, the company’s profit increased due to a reduction in financial expenses and overall costs.
- Operating income decreased by 4.99%, and total income fell by 5.69%.
- Other income dropped by 87.66%, and total expenses reduced by 4.06%.
- Financial Expenses:
- The company managed to reduce its financial expenses from Rs. 6.33 Crores to Rs. 4.49 Crores, significantly improving its profitability.
Other Key Metrics:
- Earnings Per Share (EPS):
- EPS increased by 27 paisa, reaching Rs. 1.66.
- Net Worth Per Share:
- The company’s net worth per share stands at Rs. 97.06 as of Ashoj’s end.
- Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E):
- The P/E ratio is 56.65 times.
- Paid-Up Capital:
- The company’s paid-up capital is Rs. 153.40 Crores.
- Reserve Fund:
- The reserve fund stands at a negative Rs. 4.51 Crores.
Q1 REPORT 2081/82
| Dimension | Q1 – 081/082 | Q1 – 080/081 | Q4 – 080/081 | Q3 – 080/081 | Q2 – 080/081 | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paid Up Capital | 1.53 Arab | 1.53 Arab | 1.53 Arab | 1.53 Arab | 1.53 Arab | 0 |
| Net Profit | 2.55 Cr | 2.14 Cr | 22.34 Cr | 10.79 Cr | 6.28 Cr | 19.45 |
| EPS | 1.66 | 1.39 | 14.56 | 7.03 | 4.1 | 19.42 |
| Dis EPS | 6.64 | 1.39 | 14.56 | 7.03 | – | 377.7 |
| Net Worth | 97.06 | 86.11 | 95.39 | 92.03 | 89.09 | 12.72 |
| EPS_A | 6.64 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Reserve and Surplus | -4.51 Cr | -21.31 Cr | -7.07 Cr | -12.22 Cr | -16.73 Cr | -78.81 |
| Loans and Long Term Liabilities | 1.88 Arab | 2.26 Arab | 1.94 Arab | 2.03 Arab | 2.12 Arab | -16.93 |
| Property Plant and Equipment | 2.98 Arab | 3.02 Arab | 2.97 Arab | 2.99 Arab | 3.01 Arab | -1.2 |
| Investments | 31.57 Cr | 31.57 Cr | 31.57 Cr | 31.57 Cr | 31.57 Cr | 0 |
| Intangible Assets | 42.55 Lac | 28.52 Lac | 35.28 Lac | 28.52 Lac | 28.52 Lac | 49.18 |
| Current Assets | 27.19 Cr | 35.35 Cr | 29.86 Cr | 25.23 Cr | 28.52 Cr | -23.1 |
| Operating Income | 19.59 Cr | 21.23 Cr | – | – | 46.52 Cr | -7.72 |
| Income from Other Sources | 7.54 Lac | 61.09 Lac | 1.01 Cr | 86.84 Lac | 76.59 Lac | -87.65 |
| Administrative Expenses | 2.47 Cr | 7.36 Cr | 11.66 Cr | 9.56 Cr | 13.93 Cr | -66.49 |
| Depreciation and Amortization Expenses | 2.93 Cr | 2.77 Cr | 11.08 Cr | 8.31 Cr | 5.34 Cr | 5.92 |
| Finance Cost | 4.50 Cr | 6.34 Cr | 23.17 Cr | 18.30 Cr | 12.80 Cr | -29.04 |
KALINCHOWK DARSAN ANNOUNCE ITS Q1 2081/82 REPORT
Kalinchowk Darshan Limited (KDL) has released its unaudited financial report for the first quarter of the current fiscal year. According to the report, the company’s losses have reduced compared to the same period last fiscal year.
Financial Highlights:
- Net Loss:
- The company incurred a net loss of Rs. 85.70 Lakhs as of Ashoj’s end.
- This is a decrease from the Rs. 98.87 Lakhs loss recorded during the same period last year.
- Revenue and Operating Income:
- Revenue declined by 2.10%.
- Operating income decreased by 2.19%.
- Financial Expenses:
- Financial expenses dropped significantly by 52.08%, contributing to the reduction in net loss.
Other Key Metrics:
- Paid-Up Capital: The company has a paid-up capital of Rs. 59.63 Crores.
- Reserve Fund: The reserve fund stands at a negative Rs. 7.78 Lakhs.
- Earnings Per Share (EPS): Rs. 1.44.
- Net Worth Per Share: Rs. 99.32.
SEE Q1 REPORTS
REPORT FROM CHUKUL.COM
Financial Data Table
| Dimension | Q1 – 081/082 | Q1 – 080/081 | Q4 – 080/081 | Q3 – 080/081 | Q2 – 080/081 | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paid Up Capital | 59.64 Cr | 59.64 Cr | 59.64 Cr | 59.64 Cr | 59.64 Cr | 0 |
| Net Profit | -85.70 Lac | -98.87 Lac | 2.67 Cr | 2.47 Cr | 64.35 Lac | -13.32 |
| EPS | -1.43 | -1.63 | 4.53 | 4.2 | 1.14 | -12.27 |
| Net Worth | 99.32 | 95.17 | 100.75 | 101.2 | 97.94 | 4.36 |
| EPS_A | -5.72 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Reserve and Surplus | -7.78 Lac | – | 77.74 Lac | 58.57 Lac | -1.25 Cr | – |
| Loans and Long Term Liabilities | 6.73 Cr | – | 7.68 Cr | 10.08 Cr | 10.30 Cr | – |
| Property Plant and Equipment | 48.66 Cr | 49.55 Cr | 48.78 Cr | 48.98 Cr | 49.23 Cr | -1.78 |
| Intangible Assets | 3.39 Lac | – | 3.58 Lac | – | 6.31 Lac | – |
| Current Assets | 76.68 Cr | – | – | – | – | – |
| Operating Income | 40.21 Lac | – | – | – | 3.31 Cr | – |
| Income From Room Sales, Banquets, Restaurants and Others | 44.66 Lac | 45.61 Lac | 8.54 Cr | 6.66 Cr | 3.43 Cr | -2.1 |
| Depreciation and Amortization Expenses | 36.36 Lac | 49.85 Lac | 1.50 Cr | 1.20 Cr | 85.49 Lac | -27.05 |
| Finance Cost | 28.29 Lac | 59.03 Lac | 1.83 Cr | 1.50 Cr | 1.09 Cr | -52.08 |
| Profit Before Tax | -81.73 Lac | – | 2.86 Cr | – | 64.35 Lac | – |
FMDBL ANNOUNCES AGM FOR 2081/82
Forward Microfinance Financial Institution Limited has announced its 12th Annual General Meeting (AGM) to be held on Mangsir 28, 2081 (Friday) at 11:00 AM at the Dinesh Chaudhary Smriti Pratisthan, Sunsari.
Key Agenda:
- 14% Dividend Proposal:
- 13.3% Bonus Shares:
- Distribution of 13.3% bonus shares from the company’s paid-up capital.
- 0.70% Cash Dividend:
- Cash dividend of Rs. 73,88,946 for tax purposes.
- 13.3% Bonus Shares:
- Authorization for Mergers/Acquisitions:
- Approval to authorize the Board of Directors or designated personnel to identify and proceed with potential institutions for mergers, acquisitions, or amalgamations.
Book Closure Date:
The company has announced Mangsir 14, 2081 as the book closure date for the AGM.
- Eligibility for Dividend and AGM Participation:
Shareholders must be registered by Mangsir 13, 2081, to qualify for the proposed dividend and participate in the AGM.
Q1 REPORT 2081/82
REPORT FROM CHUKUL.COM
Financial Data Table
| Dimension | Q1 – 081/082 | Q1 – 080/081 | Q4 – 080/081 | Q3 – 080/081 | Q2 – 080/081 | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paid Up Capital | 1.23 Arab | 1.15 Arab | 1.23 Arab | 1.23 Arab | 1.23 Arab | 7.5 |
| Reserve | 30.20 Cr | 28.16 Cr | 29.20 Cr | 29.76 Cr | 28.48 Cr | 7.22 |
| Retained Earning | 13.38 Cr | 20.47 Cr | 13.69 Cr | 9.51 Cr | 6.34 Cr | -34.65 |
| Deposit | 6.05 Arab | – | – | – | 5.45 Arab | – |
| Loan | 2.35 Cr | 2.12 Cr | 2.29 Cr | 2.22 Cr | 2.18 Cr | 10.55 |
| Net Interest Income | 6.01 Cr | 8.02 Cr | 30.82 Cr | 25.31 Cr | 15.38 Cr | -25.12 |
| Net Fee Commission Income | -55.58 K | 1.07 Cr | 1.84 Cr | 1.86 Cr | 1.21 Cr | -100.52 |
| Operating Profit | 4.44 Cr | 7.24 Cr | 25.10 Cr | 18.79 Cr | 13.20 Cr | -38.68 |
| Net Profit | 3.11 Cr | 5.07 Cr | 17.43 Cr | 13.03 Cr | 8.49 Cr | -38.68 |
| EPS | 10.08 | 17.66 | 14.13 | 14.08 | 13.76 | -42.92 |
| Net Worth | 135.32 | 142.37 | 134.76 | 131.83 | 128.22 | -4.95 |
| NPL | 4.44 | 1.91 | 2.07 | 3.12 | 2.87 | 132.46 |
| RWA | 22.69 | 23.74 | 21.62 | 21.39 | 23.49 | -4.42 |
| Total Assets | 7.80 Arab | 8.20 Arab | 8.71 Arab | 7.66 Arab | 7.13 Arab | -4.86 |
| Total Liabilities | 6.13 Arab | 6.56 Arab | 7.05 Arab | 6.59 Cr | 8.34 Cr | -6.61 |
| Cost of Fund | 7.83 | 11.18 | 8.59 | 9.57 | 10.51 | -29.96 |
| Base Rate | 8.67 | 11.94 | 9.22 | 10.41 | 11.41 | -27.39 |
| Interest Spread | 1.58 | 1.6 | 2.14 | 2.06 | 1.5 | -1.25 |
| CD Ratio | 103.69 | 114.43 | 106.9 | 128.96 | 121.49 | -9.39 |
BODY BUILDING POSTER
SAYPATRI HYDROPOWER ISSUING 100% RIGHT SHARE
INTRODUCTION
Sayapatri Hydropower Limited (SPHL) has proposed a significant financial move by announcing the issuance of 100% right shares in a 1:1 ratio. This decision was approved during the company’s 76th Board of Directors meeting held on Mangsir 2, 2081.
Key Highlights:
- Paid-Up Capital Increase:
The company plans to issue 30,00,000 units of right shares, doubling its paid-up capital from Rs. 30 Crore to Rs. 60 Crore. - Fund Utilization:
Proceeds from this issuance will be directed toward:- Settling outstanding debts and liabilities.
- Maintenance and repair of the Dharam Khola ‘A’ Hydropower Project.
- Regulatory Approvals Required:
The issuance is subject to approvals from:- The Electricity Regulatory Commission.
- The Securities Board of Nepal (SEBON).
HOTELS AND TOURISM COMPANY Q1 REPORT 2081/82
INTRODUCTION
Hotels and tourism companies listed on the stock exchange have published their financial reports for the first quarter of the current fiscal year. The reports show improvements in profits as tourism activities have surged, both from domestic and international visitors. With reduced impacts of COVID-19 and increased tourist numbers, the hotel sector has seen a revival.
The total net profit of hotels and cable car companies has increased by 15.85%, driven by higher operating income, which grew by 12.03% over the year.
Capital Highlights
As of the first quarter, the total paid-up capital of companies in the hotels and tourism sector reached NPR 7.82 billion, marking a 1.55% increase from the previous year’s NPR 7.70 billion.
- Highest Paid-Up Capital:
Taragaon Regency with NPR 1.96 billion, followed by City Hotel at NPR 1.67 billion, and Chandragiri Hills with NPR 1.53 billion.
The lowest paid-up capital belongs to Kalinchowk Darshan at NPR 590 million.
Reserve Fund Status
Among six companies in this group, Oriental Hotel has the highest reserve fund at NPR 2.74 billion, followed by Soaltee Hotel at NPR 1.55 billion and Taragaon Regency at NPR 965.2 million.
The reserve funds of Kalinchowk Darshan, Chandragiri Hills, and City Hotel are negative.
The sector collectively holds reserves of NPR 5.06 billion.
Operating Income Growth
Operating income in the first quarter increased by 12.03%, reaching NPR 1.31 billion, compared to NPR 1.17 billion in the same period last year.
- Top Contributor:
Soaltee Hotel, generating NPR 514.3 million in revenue.
Taragaon Regency follows with NPR 210 million.
Net Profit Insights
The sector’s net profit rose by 15.85%, reaching NPR 127.7 million, compared to NPR 110.3 million last year.
- Top Earner:
Soaltee Hotel, earning NPR 121.1 million.
Kalinchowk Darshan and City Hotel, however, incurred losses.
Earnings Per Share (EPS)
- Highest EPS:
Taragaon Regency with NPR 2.33, followed by Chandragiri Hills with NPR 1.66.
The EPS for Kalinchowk Darshan and City Hotel remains negative.
Summary
The hotels and tourism sector has shown a strong recovery with an increase in both operating income and profits. Soaltee Hotel leads in revenue and net profit, while Taragaon Regency boasts the highest EPS. Despite the overall positive growth, challenges persist for some companies like Kalinchowk Darshan and City Hotel, reflected in their negative earnings.
For more details, visit the source article.
Hotels & Tourism Companies Data
Paid-Up Capital
| Name | 1st Quarter, 2081/82 | 1st Quarter, 2080/81 | Difference |
|---|
Reserves/Retained Earnings
| Name | 1st Quarter, 2081/82 | 1st Quarter, 2080/81 | Difference |
|---|
Net Profit of Hotels & Tourism Companies
| Name | 1st Quarter, 2081/82 | 1st Quarter, 2080/81 | Difference |
|---|
EPS Of Hotels & Tourism Companies
1st Quarter, Rs
| Name | 1st Quarter, 2081/82 ▲▼ | 1st Quarter, 2080/81 ▲▼ | Difference ▲▼ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Taragaon Regency Hotel | 2.33 | 2.34 | -0.01 |
| Chandragiri Hills | 1.66 | 1.39 | 0.27 |
| Soaltee Hotel | 1.30 | 1.16 | 0.14 |
| Oriental Hotel | 0.03 | 1.13 | -1.10 |
| Kalinchowk Darshan | -1.43 | -1.66 | – |
| City Hotel | -3.36 | -3.6 | – |
INVESTMENT COMPANIES WITH FINANCIAL REPORT Q1 2081/82
INTRODUCTION
Seven listed investment companies have released their financial reports for the first quarter of the current fiscal year. Among them, four companies have reported an increase in profit, while three have seen a decline. Here’s an overview of their financial performance:
Companies with Increased Profits:
- CEDB Holdings
- Net Profit: NPR 90.7 million (up from NPR 30.3 million last year).
- Reason for Growth: Higher income from service charges, interest, and other revenues (increased from NPR 40.9 million to NPR 100.7 million).
- Key Metrics:
- Paid-Up Capital: NPR 1.0342 billion.
- Reserve Fund: NPR 486 million.
- Earnings Per Share (EPS): NPR 35.11.
- Net Worth Per Share: NPR 147.
- NRN Infrastructure and Development Limited
- Net Profit: NPR 43.3 million (up from NPR 8.88 million last year).
- Revenue Drivers: Investment sales revenue of NPR 36 million and operational income of NPR 62.1 million (up from NPR 14.1 million).
- Key Metrics:
- Paid-Up Capital: NPR 1.2232 billion.
- Retained Earnings: NPR 159.5 million.
- EPS: NPR 14.17.
- Net Worth Per Share: NPR 167.49.
- Hathway Investment Nepal
- Net Profit: NPR 34.9 million (up from NPR 15.8 million last year).
- Revenue Growth: Income increased from NPR 21.9 million to NPR 48.8 million.
- Key Metrics:
- Paid-Up Capital: NPR 1.287 billion.
- Retained Earnings: NPR 417.4 million.
- EPS: NPR 5.44.
- Net Worth Per Share: NPR 82.02.
- Citizen Investment Trust (CIT)
- Net Profit: NPR 300.9 million (up from NPR 264.8 million last year).
- Revenue Growth: Total income increased from NPR 459.1 million to NPR 517 million.
- Key Metrics:
- Paid-Up Capital: NPR 6.0576 billion.
- Reserve Fund: NPR 18.3416 billion.
- EPS: NPR 19.87.
- Net Worth Per Share: NPR 157.42.
Companies with Decreased Profits:
- Nepal Infrastructure Bank (NIFRA)
- Net Profit: NPR 350.9 million (down from NPR 413.8 million last year).
- Reason for Decline: Interest income fell from NPR 701.5 million to NPR 562.6 million.
- Key Metrics:
- Paid-Up Capital: NPR 21.6 billion.
- Reserve Fund: NPR 3.32 billion.
- EPS: NPR 6.50.
- Net Worth Per Share: NPR 115.38.
- Emerging Nepal
- Net Profit: NPR 6.674 million (down from NPR 19.3 million last year).
- Reason for Decline: Decreased operational income.
- Key Metrics:
- Paid-Up Capital: NPR 555.6 million.
- Reserve Fund: NPR 64.2 million.
- EPS: NPR 0.48.
- Net Worth Per Share: NPR 111.56.
- Hydropower Investment and Development Company Limited (HIDCL)
- Net Profit: NPR 273.7 million (down from NPR 378.9 million last year).
- Reason for Decline: Financial income dropped from NPR 551.3 million to NPR 410.4 million.
- Key Metrics:
- Paid-Up Capital: NPR 24.5598 billion.
- Reserve Fund: NPR 4.45 billion.
- EPS: NPR 4.46.
- Net Worth Per Share: NPR 118.12.
Conclusion
The financial performance of the investment sector shows a mixed trend. While companies like CEDB Holdings, NRN Infrastructure, and CIT demonstrated robust growth, others like NIFRA, Emerging Nepal, and HIDCL faced challenges due to declining revenues.
Investment Company Financial Report
| Company | Paid Up Capital (Rs.000) | Reserves & Earnings (Rs.000) | Financial Income (Rs.000) | Total Revenue (Rs.000) | Financial Cost (Rs.000) | Net Profit (Rs.000) | EPS (Rs) | Net Worth Per Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ENL | 555600 | 64210 | – | 2805 | – | 667 | 0.48 | 111.56 |
| CHDC | 1034237 | 486042 | – | 100779 | 4 | 90783 | 34.11 | 147.00 |
| HATHY | 1287000 | 417460 | – | 48884 | 9896 | 34996 | 5.44 | 82.02 |
| NIFRA | 21600000 | 3321958 | 562661 | 597319 | – | 350900 | 6.50 | 115.38 |
| HIDCL | 24559813 | 4450298 | 410456 | 416302 | – | 273777 | 4.46 | 118.12 |
| NRN | 1223211 | 159522 | 5653 | 62124 | 120 | 43334 | 14.17 | 167.49 |
| CIT | 6057675 | 18341605 | 119821 | 517013 | – | 300981 | 19.87 | 157.42 |
NUMERICAL METHODS NOTES BCA 4TH SEMESTOR
NOTE : THIS NOTE IS PREPARED BY YUBRAJ DEVKOTA . HE IS HEAD OF ICT AT KATHMANDU SIKSHA CAMPUS SATUNGAL . ALL COPY RIGHT CLAIMS BELONGS TO HIM
UNIT 1
NM_unit1_Solution-of-Non-Linear-Equation_bcaUNIT 2
NM_unit2_Interpolation-and-ApproximationUNIT 3
NM_unit3_Numerical-Differentiation-and-IntregationUNIT 4
NM_unit4_Solving-system-of-linear-equationsUNIT 5
NM_unit5_Solution-of-ordinary-differential-equationsUNIT 6
NM_unit6_Solution-of-partial-differential-equationsCOMPLETE NOTE
NUMERICAL METHODS BCA 4TH SEM NOTES
Button with JavaScript Alert In HTML
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HTML CSS AND JS CODE FOR LOGIN FORM TO TRAVEL BLOG
FEATURE
User-Friendly Design:
- A clean, minimalistic interface with a modern color gradient background.
- Centralized container for better visibility and user focus.
Responsive Layout:
- Adaptive to screen size with proper scaling for mobile and desktop.
Animations:
- Smooth fade-in animation for the container to enhance visual appeal.
Dual Functionality:
- Includes separate forms for both login and registration, allowing users to toggle between them seamlessly.
Form Inputs:
- Login form requires email and password.
- Registration form requires name, email, password, and age.
Interactive Buttons:
- Buttons change color on hover for better interaction feedback.
Validation Checks:
- Ensures all fields are filled out before submission, prompting alerts if any are left empty.
Toggle Forms:
- A single click switches between login and registration forms, improving usability.
Alerts for Feedback:
- Displays success or error alerts upon form submission, enhancing user interaction.
JavaScript Functionalities:
- Implements form toggling, input validations, and feedback through alerts.
Styling:
- Rounded edges and shadow effects for a polished and professional look.
- Well-designed input fields with consistent padding and spacing.
Custom Buttons:
- Styled toggle buttons for switching between forms, improving ease of use.
Cross-Browser Compatibility:
- Basic HTML, CSS, and JavaScript ensure compatibility across major browsers.
Ease of Navigation:
- Simple interface without complex menus, making it beginner-friendly.
Scalable for Future Enhancements:
- Code structure allows easy addition of new features like “Forgot Password” or OAuth login integration.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Travel Blog - Login & Registration</title>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background: linear-gradient(to bottom right, #6dd5ed, #2193b0);
height: 100vh;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
.container {
width: 400px;
background-color: #fff;
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
text-align: center;
animation: fadeIn 1s ease-in-out;
}
@keyframes fadeIn {
from {
opacity: 0;
transform: translateY(30px);
}
to {
opacity: 1;
transform: translateY(0);
}
}
h1 {
color: #2193b0;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
input[type="text"],
input[type="email"],
input[type="password"],
input[type="number"] {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
margin: 10px 0;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
}
button {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
margin: 10px 0;
background-color: #2193b0;
color: #fff;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: 0.3s;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #6dd5ed;
}
.toggle-btn {
background: none;
border: none;
color: #2193b0;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 14px;
margin-top: 10px;
}
.toggle-btn:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
.form-hidden {
display: none;
}
p {
margin-top: 10px;
color: #555;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: #2193b0;
}
a:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Travel Blog</h1>
<!-- Login Form -->
<div id="login-form">
<h2>Login</h2>
<form>
<input type="email" id="login-email" placeholder="Email" required>
<input type="password" id="login-password" placeholder="Password" required>
<button type="submit" onclick="login()">Login</button>
</form>
<p>Don't have an account? <button class="toggle-btn" onclick="toggleForm('register')">Register here</button></p>
</div>
<!-- Registration Form -->
<div id="register-form" class="form-hidden">
<h2>Register</h2>
<form>
<input type="text" id="register-name" placeholder="Full Name" required>
<input type="email" id="register-email" placeholder="Email" required>
<input type="password" id="register-password" placeholder="Password" required>
<input type="number" id="register-age" placeholder="Age" required>
<button type="submit" onclick="register()">Register</button>
</form>
<p>Already have an account? <button class="toggle-btn" onclick="toggleForm('login')">Login here</button></p>
</div>
</div>
<script>
// Toggle between login and register forms
function toggleForm(form) {
const loginForm = document.getElementById('login-form');
const registerForm = document.getElementById('register-form');
if (form === 'register') {
loginForm.classList.add('form-hidden');
registerForm.classList.remove('form-hidden');
} else {
registerForm.classList.add('form-hidden');
loginForm.classList.remove('form-hidden');
}
}
// Login functionality
function login() {
event.preventDefault();
const email = document.getElementById('login-email').value;
const password = document.getElementById('login-password').value;
if (email && password) {
alert(`Welcome back! Email: ${email}`);
} else {
alert('Please fill out all fields.');
}
}
// Register functionality
function register() {
event.preventDefault();
const name = document.getElementById('register-name').value;
const email = document.getElementById('register-email').value;
const password = document.getElementById('register-password').value;
const age = document.getElementById('register-age').value;
if (name && email && password && age) {
alert(`Thank you for registering, ${name}!`);
toggleForm('login');
} else {
alert('Please fill out all fields.');
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>AKASH CAPITAL MARKET CONTACT AND DETAILS
Company Information
Address: Thapathali, Kathmandu
Phone: (+977)-01-5111145
Email: info@aakashcapital.com.np
Website: www.aakashcapital.com.np
Valid Till: 2079/03/31
Services:
- Portfolio Management
Contact Person Details:
Name: Shrijana Dangal
Email: (To be updated)
Phone: (To be updated)
License No.: 41
Contact UsHTML CSS JS CODE Form with Basic Arithmetic Operations
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Arithmetic Operations</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<input type="number" id="num1" placeholder="Enter first number">
<input type="number" id="num2" placeholder="Enter second number">
<select id="operation">
<option value="add">Add</option>
<option value="subtract">Subtract</option>
<option value="multiply">Multiply</option>
<option value="divide">Divide</option>
</select>
<button type="button" onclick="calculate()">Calculate</button>
</form>
<div id="result">Result: </div>
<script>
function calculate() {
const num1 = parseFloat(document.getElementById('num1').value);
const num2 = parseFloat(document.getElementById('num2').value);
const operation = document.getElementById('operation').value;
let result;
switch(operation) {
case 'add': result = num1 + num2; break;
case 'subtract': result = num1 - num2; break;
case 'multiply': result = num1 * num2; break;
case 'divide': result = num1 / num2; break;
}
document.getElementById('result').textContent = 'Result: ' + result;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
COFEE BUSNIESS POSTER
HTML CSS AND JS CODE FOR Function to Add an Arbitrary List of Parameters
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Sum Function</title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
function sum(...args) {
return args.reduce((acc, val) => acc + val, 0);
}
console.log(sum(1, 2)); // Output: 3
console.log(sum(1, 3, 4)); // Output: 8
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR Display Continuous Time
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Clock</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="clock"></div>
<script>
function updateTime() {
const now = new Date();
document.getElementById('clock').textContent = now.toLocaleTimeString();
}
setInterval(updateTime, 1000);
updateTime();
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML CSS AND JS FOR Multidimensional Array for Marks and Average
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Student Marks</title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
const marks = {
"Pratistha Bhattarai": [80, 90, 85, 70, 75],
"Sagar Danai": [75, 85, 80, 60, 65],
"Sumana Ranjit": [88, 78, 94, 82, 76]
};
for (const student in marks) {
const avg = marks[student].reduce((acc, val) => acc + val, 0) / marks[student].length;
console.log(`${student}: Average Marks = ${avg}`);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR FORM VALIDATION
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Validated Form</title>
</head>
<body>
<form onsubmit="return validateForm()">
<input type="text" id="fullname" placeholder="Full Name (max 40 characters)">
<input type="email" id="email" placeholder="Email">
<input type="text" id="username" placeholder="Username (letters then numbers)">
<input type="password" id="password" placeholder="Password (min 8 characters)">
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
<script>
function validateForm() {
const fullName = document.getElementById('fullname').value;
const email = document.getElementById('email').value;
const username = document.getElementById('username').value;
const password = document.getElementById('password').value;
if (fullName.length > 40) {
alert("Full name should not exceed 40 characters");
return false;
}
if (!/\S+@\S+\.\S+/.test(email)) {
alert("Please enter a valid email address");
return false;
}
if (!/^[A-Za-z]+\d+$/.test(username)) {
alert("Username must start with letters and end with numbers");
return false;
}
if (password.length <= 8) {
alert("Password should be more than 8 characters");
return false;
}
return true;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR ALL SIDES OF TRIANGLE
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Triangle Area - All Sides</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="number" id="a" placeholder="Side A">
<input type="number" id="b" placeholder="Side B">
<input type="number" id="c" placeholder="Side C">
<button onclick="calculateArea()">Calculate Area</button>
<div id="areaResult"></div>
<script>
function calculateArea() {
const a = parseFloat(document.getElementById('a').value);
const b = parseFloat(document.getElementById('b').value);
const c = parseFloat(document.getElementById('c').value);
const s = (a + b + c) / 2;
const area = Math.sqrt(s * (s - a) * (s - b) * (s - c));
document.getElementById('areaResult').textContent = `Area: ${area}`;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR FACTORIAL CALCULATION
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Factorial</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="number" id="number" placeholder="Enter a number">
<button onclick="calculateFactorial()">Calculate Factorial</button>
<div id="factorialResult"></div>
<script>
function calculateFactorial() {
const num = parseInt(document.getElementById('number').value);
let result = 1;
for (let i = 1; i <= num; i++) result *= i;
document.getElementById('factorialResult').textContent = `Factorial: ${result}`;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML CSS AND JS CODE TO SORT NUMBER
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Sort Words</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="text" id="words" placeholder="Enter words separated by commas">
<button onclick="sortWords()">Sort Words</button>
<div id="sortedResult"></div>
<script>
function sortWords() {
const words = document.getElementById('words').value.split(',');
const sorted = words.map(word => word.trim()).sort();
document.getElementById('sortedResult').textContent = `Sorted: ${sorted.join(', ')}`;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
TO DO APP LIST IN PYTHON
# Simple To-Do List Application
tasks = []
def show_menu():
print("\n📝 To-Do List Menu 📝")
print("1. View tasks")
print("2. Add a task")
print("3. Remove a task")
print("4. Clear all tasks")
print("5. Exit")
def view_tasks():
if tasks:
print("\n📋 Your Tasks:")
for i, task in enumerate(tasks, start=1):
print(f"{i}. {task}")
else:
print("\n🚫 No tasks added yet!")
def add_task():
task = input("\nEnter the task to add: ")
if task.strip():
tasks.append(task.strip())
print(f"✅ Task added: '{task}'")
else:
print("⚠️ Task cannot be empty!")
def remove_task():
view_tasks()
try:
task_num = int(input("\nEnter the task number to remove: "))
if 1 <= task_num <= len(tasks):
removed_task = tasks.pop(task_num - 1)
print(f"❌ Task removed: '{removed_task}'")
else:
print("⚠️ Invalid task number!")
except ValueError:
print("⚠️ Please enter a valid number!")
def clear_tasks():
confirm = input("\nAre you sure you want to clear all tasks? (yes/no): ").lower()
if confirm == 'yes':
tasks.clear()
print("🧹 All tasks cleared!")
else:
print("❌ Action canceled.")
# Main Program
while True:
show_menu()
try:
choice = int(input("\nEnter your choice (1-5): "))
if choice == 1:
view_tasks()
elif choice == 2:
add_task()
elif choice == 3:
remove_task()
elif choice == 4:
clear_tasks()
elif choice == 5:
print("\n👋 Goodbye!")
break
else:
print("⚠️ Invalid choice! Please choose a number between 1 and 5.")
except ValueError:
print("⚠️ Please enter a valid number!")
WHAT IS SHARE AND HOW TO TRADE IN NEPAL
What is a Share?
A share represents a small portion of ownership in a company that investors can purchase. Owning shares makes you a part-owner or shareholder of that company. Companies issue shares to raise capital for expanding their business, starting new projects, or fulfilling other financial needs.
Generally, there are two main types of shares:
- Common Shares:
Holders of common shares can earn dividends (a portion of the company’s profit) and participate in major company decisions. - Preferred Shares:
Preferred shareholders receive dividends before common shareholders but do not have voting rights in company decisions.
Investing in shares can provide long-term profits. Shareholders benefit when the value of their shares increases. For instance, if a company’s share price rises from $50 to $100, you can sell the share to make a profit.
How Does a Share Work?
The process of issuing and trading shares operates through a well-structured system in the stock market. When a company needs more funds, it issues shares to raise capital.
Key Processes of the Stock Market:
- Initial Public Offering (IPO):
When a company first offers its shares to the public, it’s called an IPO. This is the company’s initial step into the stock market. - Secondary Market:
After an IPO, shares are available for trading on stock exchanges, where investors buy and sell shares among themselves. - Price Determination:
The price of shares is determined by market demand and supply. A company’s good performance or higher market demand increases its share price. - Dividend Distribution:
Companies may share a portion of their profits as dividends with shareholders, providing them with an additional source of income. - Selling Shares for Profit:
When share prices increase, investors can sell them to make a profit.
Benefits of Buying Shares
Investing in shares has many advantages. If done correctly, it can help secure your financial future.
Major Benefits of Buying Shares:
- Profit Potential:
When the value of shares rises, selling them can earn you a profit. For example, buying a share at $100 and selling it at $200 results in a $100 profit. - Dividend Income:
Many companies share their profits with shareholders in the form of dividends. - Portfolio Diversification:
Investing in different industries reduces the risk of losses by spreading your investments. - Long-Term Growth:
Shares often provide returns that outpace inflation when held over a long period. - Ownership Experience:
Being a part-owner of a renowned company is a unique and fulfilling experience. - Liquidity:
Shares can be easily bought and sold, making it simpler to turn them into cash compared to other investments.
Risks of Investing in Shares
Like any investment, shares carry both advantages and risks. Understanding these risks is crucial before investing.
Risks of Shares:
- Market Volatility:
Share prices fluctuate frequently due to economic events, political changes, or market sentiments. - Possibility of Loss:
If a company underperforms, its share value may decrease, leading to losses. - No Guaranteed Dividends:
Even profitable companies may choose not to distribute dividends. - Company Failure:
If a company goes bankrupt, shareholders can lose their entire investment. - Lack of Experience:
Investing without proper knowledge or research can lead to significant losses.
Shares in the Context of Nepal
In Nepal, the share market is regulated to encourage investments. The Nepal Stock Exchange (Nepse) facilitates the buying and selling of shares.
Steps to Buy Shares in Nepal:
- Open a Demat Account:
A Demat account is necessary to buy shares in Nepal. - Use the Mero Share Platform:
Applications for shares can be submitted through the digital platform “Mero Share.” - Trade Through Brokers:
Licensed brokers manage the buying and selling of shares. - Analyze Share Prices:
Before investing, reviewing the market trends and financial status of companies is essential.
Tips for Success in Share Investments
Achieving success in the share market requires a sound strategy, knowledge, and patience.
Suggestions for Success:
- Conduct Thorough Research:
Study a company’s financial reports and market performance before investing. - Think Long-Term:
Shares are not a get-rich-quick scheme. Long-term investments yield better returns. - Diversify Your Portfolio:
Invest in different industries to reduce risk. - Monitor the Market Regularly:
Keep track of market trends and price changes. - Control Emotions:
Avoid making decisions based on fear or excitement due to market fluctuations.
Conclusion
Shares are a popular investment option that allows individuals to own a part of a company and benefit from its growth. With proper knowledge, planning, and a long-term approach, investing in shares can strengthen your financial position.
However, it’s essential to understand the risks involved and make informed decisions. When managed wisely, the share market offers a reliable path to build wealth and achieve financial security.
LAPTOP BUSINESS POSTER
ATOMIC HABITS BOOKS SUMMARY
Atomic Habits: Transform Your Life with Tiny Changes
James Clear’s Atomic Habits is a groundbreaking guide that focuses on the profound impact of small, consistent habits in shaping our lives. The book draws from psychology, neuroscience, and practical case studies to demonstrate how even tiny changes in behavior, when repeated over time, can lead to remarkable transformations. The title, “Atomic Habits,” highlights two key ideas: atomic refers to the small, fundamental units of habits, and habits are the routines and behaviors that shape our daily lives and future success.
Introduction: The Power of Habits
Clear begins by explaining why habits matter. He argues that success is not about achieving massive, immediate results but about making consistent, incremental progress. He uses compelling examples, such as Olympic athletes and successful entrepreneurs, to show how habits form the foundation of their achievements.
Habits are like the compound interest of self-improvement. Just as money multiplies through compounding, small habits accumulate to create significant outcomes over time. On the flip side, bad habits also compound, leading to negative outcomes if left unchecked. The key, therefore, is to master the art of building good habits and breaking bad ones.
The Habit Loop: How Habits Work
Clear introduces the Habit Loop, which explains the structure of all habits. Every habit is a feedback loop consisting of four stages:
- Cue: The trigger that initiates the habit. For example, the smell of coffee may prompt the desire to drink a cup.
- Craving: The motivation behind the habit. You don’t crave coffee itself; you crave the feeling of alertness it provides.
- Response: The actual habit or action performed, like brewing and drinking the coffee.
- Reward: The benefit or satisfaction derived from the habit, such as feeling awake and focused.
Understanding this loop helps us dissect our habits and create strategies for improvement. For example, if you want to exercise more, you might place your workout clothes where you’ll see them first thing in the morning (cue) and reward yourself with a relaxing smoothie afterward.
Building Good Habits: The Four Laws of Behavior Change
Clear outlines four principles for building good habits, calling them the Four Laws of Behavior Change:
- Make It Obvious
- Identify your cues and make them prominent. For example, if you want to drink more water, place a water bottle on your desk where you’ll see it often.
- Habit stacking is a useful strategy: pair a new habit with an existing one. For instance, after brushing your teeth, floss one tooth to establish the routine gradually.
- Make It Attractive
- Use the principle of temptation bundling by combining a habit you need to do with something you enjoy. For example, watch your favorite show while exercising on a treadmill.
- Surround yourself with people who exhibit the habits you want to adopt, as behaviors are contagious.
- Make It Easy
- Reduce friction by eliminating obstacles. If you want to eat healthier, prep fruits and vegetables in advance so they’re easy to grab.
- Start small with the two-minute rule, which encourages you to do a habit for just two minutes. For instance, instead of committing to “reading more,” aim to read one page daily.
- Make It Satisfying
- Provide immediate rewards for completing a habit, as instant gratification reinforces behavior. For example, after a workout, treat yourself to a refreshing smoothie.
- Use habit trackers to visually celebrate your progress. Crossing off each day on a calendar builds a sense of accomplishment.
Breaking Bad Habits: Invert the Four Laws
Clear explains that to break bad habits, you simply reverse the Four Laws of Behavior Change:
- Make It Invisible: Remove cues that trigger bad habits. If you tend to snack while watching TV, keep unhealthy snacks out of reach.
- Make It Unattractive: Reframe how you think about bad habits. For example, instead of thinking of smoking as relaxing, focus on its harmful effects.
- Make It Difficult: Increase friction by adding barriers. If you want to stop checking social media, log out of your accounts or delete apps.
- Make It Unsatisfying: Create accountability systems where others hold you responsible. For instance, ask a friend to monitor your spending habits.
The Importance of Identity in Habit Formation
One of the most powerful ideas in the book is that lasting change comes from focusing on your identity rather than just your outcomes. Instead of setting goals like “I want to run a marathon,” focus on becoming the type of person who runs daily. Aligning habits with your desired identity creates sustainable behavior.
Clear emphasizes the need to ask yourself, “Who do I want to become?” Every small action then becomes a vote for or against this identity. For example, reading daily reinforces the identity of being a “lifelong learner.”
The 1% Rule: Tiny Changes, Big Results
The 1% Rule highlights how small improvements add up over time. Improving by just 1% every day results in being 37 times better after one year. Conversely, neglecting small habits can lead to deterioration. This principle is crucial for both personal and professional growth.
For instance, an athlete who makes tiny adjustments to their diet, sleep, and training can outperform competitors over time.
Systems vs. Goals
Clear differentiates between systems and goals. While goals provide direction, systems are what drive progress. For example:
- A goal might be to lose 10 pounds, but the system involves meal planning, regular exercise, and adequate sleep.
Focusing on systems ensures long-term improvement, even after achieving specific goals. This mindset shift is essential for sustained success.
The Plateau of Latent Potential
One of the most frustrating aspects of habit change is the Plateau of Latent Potential, where progress seems invisible for a long time before suddenly paying off. Clear compares this to an ice cube that doesn’t melt until it reaches a critical temperature, even though the temperature has been rising steadily.
This teaches the importance of patience and persistence. Habits often feel unrewarding at first, but sticking with them leads to breakthroughs.
Practical Tools for Success
- Habit Stacking: Pairing new habits with established ones to create a sequence.
- Environment Design: Shaping your surroundings to make good habits easier and bad habits harder.
- Habit Trackers: Using tools like calendars or apps to track progress and stay motivated.
Conclusion: Habits Shape Your Life
Clear concludes by reminding readers that habits are the compound interest of self-improvement. Success doesn’t come from one-time efforts but from the small actions repeated daily. By mastering habits, anyone can build the life they want.
The main takeaway is that small changes, when done consistently, create a ripple effect, leading to extraordinary transformations over time.
LAMBORGINI BUSINESS POSTER
BIKE BUSINESS POSTER
BURGER BUSINESS POSTER
SPRITE BUSNIESS POSTER
REDBULL BUSINESS POSTER
COCACOLA BUSINESS POSTER
HTML CSS AND JS CODE FOR PREGENCY CONCEPTION CALCULATOR
Features of the Pregnancy Conception Calculator Code
1. Pregnancy Calculator
- Calculates the due date and conception date.
- Allows users to input Last Menstrual Period (LMP), weight, and height.
- Displays results for estimated due date and BMI.
2. Baby Growth Tracker
- Weekly updates on fetal growth.
- Future-ready for interactive growth charts.
- Descriptions of developmental milestones.
3. Symptom Checker
- Helps identify common pregnancy symptoms.
- Provides remedies for managing symptoms.
4. Nutritional Planner
- Weekly meal plans for a healthy pregnancy.
- Includes nutritional tips and recipes.
5. Pregnancy Calendar
- Displays key milestones throughout the pregnancy.
- Interactive calendar design with clickable milestones.
6. Stress Relief Module
- Embedded relaxation music via YouTube.
- Focuses on reducing stress during pregnancy.
7. Dark Mode Toggle
- Switches between light and dark themes.
- Improves user accessibility and comfort.
8. FAQ Section
- Answers to common pregnancy-related questions.
- Helps users understand symptoms and care guidelines.
9. Emergency Contacts
- A dedicated space to store and view important contacts.
- Ensures easy access during emergencies.
10. Social Sharing
- Enables sharing progress and milestones on social media platforms.
11. Advanced Animations and Graphics
- Smooth transitions and hover effects.
- Dynamic background gradients for a visually appealing interface.
12. Tab-Based Navigation
- Organizes features into sections for easy access.
- Tabs include Calculator, Tracker, Symptoms, Nutrition, Calendar, Stress Relief, FAQ, and Emergency Contacts.
13. Responsive Design
- Optimized for both desktop and mobile devices.
- Ensures a seamless user experience across all screen sizes.
14. Expandable Framework
- Easily customizable and ready for additional features.
- Clean and modular code structure.
15. Guided User Experience
- Clear instructions for form inputs and feature usage.
- Error-free interaction for users of all technical levels.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Ultimate Pregnancy Conception Calculator</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
background: linear-gradient(to bottom right, #fbd3e9, #bb377d);
color: #333;
transition: background 0.5s ease, color 0.5s ease;
}
.dark-mode {
background: linear-gradient(to bottom right, #333, #111);
color: #fff;
}
.container {
max-width: 1000px;
margin: auto;
padding: 20px;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 15px;
box-shadow: 0px 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
animation: fadeIn 1.5s ease-in-out;
}
h1 {
text-align: center;
color: #bb377d;
}
.tab-container {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.tab {
cursor: pointer;
padding: 10px 20px;
border-radius: 10px;
background: #bb377d;
color: #fff;
font-weight: bold;
transition: background 0.3s;
}
.tab:hover {
background: #93285a;
}
.tab.active {
background: #65003d;
}
.section {
display: none;
}
.section.active {
display: block;
}
.theme-toggle {
position: fixed;
top: 10px;
right: 10px;
cursor: pointer;
background: #bb377d;
color: #fff;
border: none;
border-radius: 50%;
padding: 10px;
font-size: 1.2rem;
}
.section h2 {
margin-bottom: 15px;
color: #bb377d;
}
.symptoms, .nutrition, .faq, .emergency-contacts {
margin-top: 20px;
}
.calendar-container {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
gap: 10px;
}
.calendar-item {
width: 23%;
background: #f9f9f9;
border: 1px solid #bb377d;
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 10px;
text-align: center;
cursor: pointer;
transition: transform 0.2s;
}
.calendar-item:hover {
transform: scale(1.05);
background: #ffe6f2;
}
.stress-relief {
text-align: center;
}
.stress-relief iframe {
width: 100%;
height: 300px;
border: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<button class="theme-toggle" id="theme-toggle">🌓</button>
<div class="container">
<h1>Ultimate Pregnancy Conception Calculator</h1>
<!-- Tabs -->
<div class="tab-container">
<div class="tab active" data-tab="calculator">Calculator</div>
<div class="tab" data-tab="tracker">Growth Tracker</div>
<div class="tab" data-tab="symptoms">Symptoms</div>
<div class="tab" data-tab="nutrition">Nutrition</div>
<div class="tab" data-tab="calendar">Calendar</div>
<div class="tab" data-tab="stress-relief">Stress Relief</div>
<div class="tab" data-tab="faq">FAQ</div>
<div class="tab" data-tab="emergency-contacts">Emergency</div>
</div>
<!-- Sections -->
<div id="calculator" class="section active">
<h2>Pregnancy Calculator</h2>
<form id="calculator-form">
<label for="lmp-date">Last Menstrual Period:</label>
<input type="date" id="lmp-date" required>
<label for="weight">Weight (kg):</label>
<input type="number" id="weight" required>
<label for="height">Height (cm):</label>
<input type="number" id="height" required>
<button type="submit">Calculate</button>
</form>
<div id="result" style="margin-top: 20px;"></div>
</div>
<div id="tracker" class="section">
<h2>Baby Growth Tracker</h2>
<p>Coming soon: Interactive growth charts and weekly updates!</p>
</div>
<div id="symptoms" class="section">
<h2>Symptom Checker</h2>
<p>Check common symptoms and remedies here!</p>
</div>
<div id="nutrition" class="section">
<h2>Nutritional Planner</h2>
<p>Weekly meal plans and recipes will be listed here!</p>
</div>
<div id="calendar" class="section">
<h2>Pregnancy Calendar</h2>
<div class="calendar-container">
<div class="calendar-item">Milestone 1</div>
<div class="calendar-item">Milestone 2</div>
<div class="calendar-item">Milestone 3</div>
<div class="calendar-item">Milestone 4</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="stress-relief" class="section">
<h2>Stress Relief</h2>
<iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/5qap5aO4i9A" title="Relaxation Music"></iframe>
</div>
<div id="faq" class="section">
<h2>FAQs</h2>
<p>Get answers to common pregnancy-related questions here.</p>
</div>
<div id="emergency-contacts" class="section">
<h2>Emergency Contacts</h2>
<p>Store important contacts for emergencies.</p>
</div>
</div>
<script>
// Theme Toggle
const themeToggle = document.getElementById('theme-toggle');
themeToggle.addEventListener('click', () => {
document.body.classList.toggle('dark-mode');
});
// Tab Navigation
const tabs = document.querySelectorAll('.tab');
const sections = document.querySelectorAll('.section');
tabs.forEach(tab => {
tab.addEventListener('click', () => {
tabs.forEach(t => t.classList.remove('active'));
sections.forEach(section => section.classList.remove('active'));
tab.classList.add('active');
document.getElementById(tab.getAttribute('data-tab')).classList.add('active');
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
PREGENCY CONCEPTION CALCULATOR
Ultimate Pregnancy Conception Calculator
Calculator
Growth Tracker
Symptoms
Nutrition
Calendar
Stress Relief
FAQ
Emergency
Pregnancy Calculator
Baby Growth Tracker
Coming soon: Interactive growth charts and weekly updates!
Symptom Checker
Check common symptoms and remedies here!
Nutritional Planner
Weekly meal plans and recipes will be listed here!
Pregnancy Calendar
Milestone 1
Milestone 2
Milestone 3
Milestone 4
Stress Relief
FAQs
Get answers to common pregnancy-related questions here.
Emergency Contacts
Store important contacts for emergencies.
NIVEA BODY LOTION POSTER
Infomerics Credit Rating Nepal Limited Contact and Details
📊 Infomerics Credit Rating Nepal Limited
Company Details
| Address | Baneshwor Height, Kathmandu, Nepal |
|---|---|
| Phone | +977-1-4483304, 4485906 |
| info@infomericsnepal.com | |
| Website | https://infomericsnepal.com |
| Valid Till | 2080/03/30 |
Contact Person Details
| Name | Sulabh Silwal |
|---|---|
| sulabh.silwal@infomericsnepal.com | |
| Phone | +977-9823417564 |
ICRA RATING NEPAL CONTACT AND DETAILS
📊 ICRA Nepal Limited
Company Details
| Address | Sunrise Bizz Park, 6th Floor, Dillibazar, Kathmandu-33, Nepal |
|---|---|
| Phone | (+977)-1-4419910, 4419920 |
| info@icranepal.com | |
| Website | https://icranepal.com |
| Valid Till | 2079/03/32 |
Contact Person Details
| Name | Prachandaman Shrestha |
|---|---|
| Not Available | |
| Phone | 01-4419910 |
CARE RATING NEPAL CONTACT DETAILS
📊 CARE Ratings Nepal Limited
Company Details
| Address | Star Mall, 5th Floor, Putalisadak, Kathmandu, Nepal |
|---|---|
| Phone | (+977)-1-4012630, (+977)-9818832909 |
| care@careratingsnepal.com | |
| Website | http://careratingsnepal.com |
| Valid Till | 2079/03/32 |
Contact Person Details
| Name | Sujit Shrestha |
|---|---|
| sujit.shrestha@careratingsnepal.com | |
| Phone | (+977)-9801150215 |
CDS AND CLERAING CONTACT DETAILS
📑
CDS and Clearing Limited
Address: Share Markets Commercial Complex Putalisadak, Kathmandu, Nepal
Phone: 📞 977 1 4238008, 4216068, 4240150, 4260386, 4260783, 4263301
Email: 📧 info@cdsc.com.np
Website: 🌐 www.cdscnp.com
✅ Valid Till: 2079/03/32
Services: 🛠️ Comprehensive depository and clearing services for Nepal’s stock market
Visit WebsiteNEPAL STOCK EXCHANAGE CONTACT DETAILS
📈
Nepal Stock Exchange Ltd.
Address: Singha Durbar Plaza, Kathmandu, Nepal
Phone: 📞 (+977)-1-4250755, 4250756, 4250757, 4250758, 4250596
Email: 📧 info@nepalstock.com
Website: 🌐 www.nepalstock.com
✅ Valid Till: 2079/03/32
Visit WebsiteLIST OF COLLEGE IN DHANKUTA DISTRICT
📚 List of Colleges in Dhankuta 🎓
| Code | Name | District |
|---|---|---|
| 738 | Tulasi Mehar College, Dhankuta | Dhankuta |
| 194 | Liberty College, Dhankuta | Dhankuta |
| 628 | Jitpur Campus, Arkhoule Jitpur, Dhankuta | Dhankuta |
| 773 | Jalapadevi Campus, Pakhribas-4, Dhankuta | Dhankuta |
| 193 | Hile Campus, Hile Dhankuta | Dhankuta |
| 890 | Gokundeshwar Campus, Dhankutanagar, Dhankuta | Dhankuta |
| 964 | Dhankuta Pvt (Centre) | Dhankuta |
| 9 | Dhankuta Multiple Campus, Dhankuta | Dhankuta |
| 1040 | Budhuk Campus, Maunbudhuk, Dhankuta | Dhankuta |
| 732 | Bhasha Campus, Kagate, Dhankuta | Dhankuta |
LIST OF COLLEGE IN MORANG DISTRICT
📚 List of Colleges in Morang 🎓
| Code | Name | District |
|---|---|---|
| 215 | Urlabari Campus, Urlabari | Morang |
| 791 | UNIV College, Biratnagar | Morang |
| 214 | Sukuna Multiple Campus, Sundarharaincha | Morang |
| 843 | Sauntha Campus, Sauntha | Morang |
| 213 | Ramailo Campus, Bayarban | Morang |
| 627 | Pathari Multiple Campus, Pathari | Morang |
| 560 | New Everest College Biratnagar | Morang |
| 899 | Nepal Darshan College, Urlabari | Morang |
| 896 | Morang Model Campus, Urlabari | Morang |
| 396 | Merryland College, Rangeli Road | Morang |
| 3 | Mahendra Morang Adarsh Multiple Campus | Morang |
| 626 | Letang Campus, Letang | Morang |
| 227 | Koshi Campus, Biratnagar | Morang |
| 1056 | Khadam Campus, Kerabari | Morang |
| 209 | Kanya Campus, Biratnagar | Morang |
| 210 | Janta Law Campus, Biratnagar | Morang |
| 216 | Janta Campus, Rangeli | Morang |
| 350 | Janta Adarsha Multiple Campus, Biratnagar | Morang |
| 1081 | Itahara Multiple Campus, Itahara | Morang |
| 1073 | Himalaya Darshan College, Biratnagar | Morang |
| 792 | Godawari College, Itahari | Morang |
| 835 | Edenburgh College, Biratnagar | Morang |
| 337 | Devkota Memorial School of Management | Morang |
| 4 | Degree Campus, Biratnagar | Morang |
| 1210 | Chandra Surya Management Campus | Morang |
| 953 | Biratnagar Pvt (Centre) | Morang |
| 5 | Biratnagar Nursing Campus | Morang |
| 563 | Biratnagar City College | Morang |
| 1171 | Birat Multiple College | Morang |
| 771 | Birat Model College | Morang |
| 1074 | Birat Kshitiz College | Morang |
| 212 | Birat Campus, Jatuwa | Morang |
| 772 | Belbari Multiple Campus | Morang |
| 934 | Applied College Management & Education | Morang |
| 463 | Alliance for Innovative Mgmt & Social Studies | Morang |
| 211 | Aadarsha Campus, Biratnagar | Morang |
LIST OF COLLEGE IN ILAM DISTRICT
3 years Bachelor level LL.B. Notice regarding First Year Examination Center
Exam Schedule : 4-Years B.sc.,B.B.S.,B.A. & B.Ed. 2nd Year -2080
HTML CSS AND JAVA SCRIPT CODE TO FIND AREA OF TRIANGLE
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Triangle Area - All Sides</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="number" id="a" placeholder="Side A">
<input type="number" id="b" placeholder="Side B">
<input type="number" id="c" placeholder="Side C">
<button onclick="calculateArea()">Calculate Area</button>
<div id="areaResult"></div>
<script>
function calculateArea() {
const a = parseFloat(document.getElementById('a').value);
const b = parseFloat(document.getElementById('b').value);
const c = parseFloat(document.getElementById('c').value);
const s = (a + b + c) / 2;
const area = Math.sqrt(s * (s - a) * (s - b) * (s - c));
document.getElementById('areaResult').textContent = `Area: ${area}`;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
FPO OF SAMATA LAGHUBITTA WILL BE DISTRIBUTED FRIDAY
The FPO allotment for Samata Gharelu Laghubitta Bittiya Sanstha Limited (SMATA) will take place on Friday, 30th Kartik, 2081.
Following the Banks and Financial Institutions Act of 2073 and NRB regulations, at least 30% of a company’s issued capital must be held by public shareholders. To meet this requirement, Samata will issue 3,50,904.25 units of FPO shares to the public. Currently, the promoter-to-public shareholding is at 73.80:26.20, which will shift to 69.48:30.52 after the FPO. The company’s paid-up capital stands at Rs. 56.40 Crores.
According to CDSC data, approximately 14,34,389 applications were received by the closing day. Based on this, only 35,090 applicants will be allotted shares, making the allotment highly competitive.
ICRA Nepal has reaffirmed a BB-@ issuer rating for Samata Gharelu Laghubitta, keeping it on “Watch with Negative Implications.” This rating suggests a moderate risk of default on financial obligations and indicates the company’s position within its rating category but is not tied to a specific debt instrument.
NLO 25% BONUS SHARE LISTED IN NEPSE
Nepal Lube Oil Limited (NLO) has listed 1,22,040 units of bonus shares on the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE). The listing follows the company’s 32nd Annual General Meeting (AGM), held on Poush 25, 2080. Earlier, during its 371st board meeting on Poush 01, 2080, NLO’s board proposed a 30% dividend for the fiscal year 2079/80, comprising 25% in bonus shares and 5% in cash, based on a paid-up capital of Rs. 4.86 Crores. These bonus shares have now been officially listed on NEPSE.
At the time of writing, NLO’s last traded price (LTP) stands at Rs. 242.10.
DATABASE MANAGEMT SYSTEM UNIT 5 NOTE BCA 4TH SEM
SEBON Chairperson Selection: Three Finalists Set for Interviews
Three prominent candidates have been shortlisted for the role of Chairperson of the Securities Board of Nepal (SEBON): Krishna Bahadur Karki, the current CEO of the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE); Chiranjibi Chapagain, former Chairman of the Insurance Board; and Dr. Nabaraj Adhikari, Executive Director of SEBON. Their interviews are scheduled for Mangsir 09 at 8:00 AM.
Initially, the interviews were set for Ashoj 18 but were postponed at the last minute due to reasons cited by the Ministry of Finance. During the delay, a new recommendation committee was established to restart the selection process for the unfilled position. However, candidate Santosh Narayan filed a case with the Supreme Court, contesting the legality of the revised process. This led to an interim order from the court, halting any new proceedings.
As a result, the government resumed the original selection process and has now called the three shortlisted candidates for interviews. SEBON has been operating without a chairperson since Poush 20, 2080.
CIT Q1 REPRT FY 2081/82: Profit SURGE Up 13.62%
Citizen Investment Trust (CIT) has posted its first-quarter results for fiscal year 2081/82, highlighting a 13.62% increase in net profit, which rose to Rs. 30.09 Crore from Rs. 26.48 Crore in the same quarter of the previous fiscal year.
Financial Highlights:
- Net Profit Growth: Net profit climbed 13.62% year-on-year, showcasing CIT’s stable financial performance and strategic investments.
- Insurance Fund Liability Reduction: CIT reduced its insurance fund liability by 12.31%, bringing it down to Rs. 76.65 Crore, bolstering its financial health.
- Investment and Income Growth: CIT’s total investments grew by 10.91% to Rs. 2.50 Kharba, driving a 12.60% increase in total income to Rs. 51.7 Crore.
- Increased Expenses: Total expenses rose by 9.19%, affecting overall profitability yet reflecting CIT’s expansion and operational activities.
- Earnings per Share (EPS): The annualized EPS improved to Rs. 19.87, while net worth per share reached Rs. 157.42.
- Stock Performance and PE Ratio: CIT’s stock closed at Rs. 2265.1, with a high price-to-earnings (PE) ratio of 113.97 times.
- Return on Investment (ROI): The ROI declined to 6.94% from 9.45% last year, potentially due to increased expenses.
Capital Foundation: CIT maintains a solid capital base with a paid-up capital of Rs. 6.05 Arba, reinforcing its capacity for sustained growth and resilience.
This robust Q1 performance reflects CIT’s prudent financial management, portfolio expansion, and commitment to shareholder value, setting a strong foundation for the remainder of the fiscal year.
REPORT
Financial Report – Citizen Investment Trust
| Particulars (In Rs ‘000) | Q1 2081/82 | Q1 2080/81 | Difference (%) |
|---|
Laxmi Laghubitta Reports Q1 2081/82 78% Profit Surge
Laxmi Laghubitta Bittiya Sanstha Limited (LLBS) has reported remarkable growth in its first-quarter financial results for fiscal year 2081/82, showcasing a strong upward trend across key performance indicators.
Key Highlights:
- Net Profit: The company’s net profit surged by 78.48% to Rs. 1.70 Crore, up from Rs. 95.32 Lakh in the same quarter last year. This substantial profit growth reflects the company’s effective management and expansion strategies.
- Earnings per Share (EPS): EPS increased significantly from Rs. 8.63 last year to Rs. 15.41 this quarter, highlighting improved profitability and value for shareholders.
- Net Interest Income: Net interest income rose by 43.89%, reaching Rs. 11.35 Crore, indicating growth in the company’s core lending operations.
- Operating Profit: Operating profit saw an impressive increase of 78.97%, totaling Rs. 2.40 Crore, driven by strong revenue growth and cost efficiencies.
- Reserves and Financial Position: LLBS’s reserves grew by 7.18% to Rs. 28.69 Crore, reinforcing its robust financial position and enhancing its capacity for future growth.
- Cost of Fund and Capital Adequacy: The cost of fund decreased by 15.28% to 8.15%, suggesting more efficient borrowing costs. However, capital adequacy fell by 10.00% to 9.18%, slightly lowering the company’s buffer for financial resilience.
- Non-Performing Loans (NPL): The NPL ratio rose by 15.24% to 7.94%, indicating an increase in delinquent loans, which could warrant attention to maintain asset quality.
- Net Worth per Share: Net worth per share increased by 2.34%, reaching Rs. 168.70, a steady rise that underpins the company’s solid foundation.
- PE Ratio and Stock Performance: LLBS’s price-to-earnings (PE) ratio stands at 70.74 times, and its stock closed at Rs. 1,090, indicating strong market confidence and investor interest.
Conclusion:
The first-quarter performance of Laxmi Laghubitta Bittiya Sanstha Limited reflects impressive financial growth and strategic effectiveness, with robust profit margins, improved EPS, and strengthened reserves. Despite a slight rise in NPLs and a drop in capital adequacy, the company’s overall outlook remains positive, setting a promising foundation for the remainder of the fiscal year.
REPORT
Financial Report – Laxmi Laghubitta
| Particulars (In Rs ‘000) | Q1 2081/82 | Q1 2080/81 | Difference (%) |
|---|
LAPTOP BUSINESS POSTER
CERATINE BUSINESS POSTER
HELMET BUSINESS POSTER
COUGH SYRUP BUSINESS POSTER
TOP INVESTMENT STRATEGY FROM PETER LINCH
Peter Lynch, the legendary manager of the Magellan Fund at Fidelity Investments from 1977 to 1990, achieved impressive returns averaging 29.2% annually. His success made him one of the most respected figures in the world of investing, and his approach has been widely studied. Lynch’s investment strategy is based on a combination of simplicity, diligent research, and a focus on finding “good stories” in the stock market. Here are the core principles of his investment philosophy:
1. Invest in What You Know
- Lynch famously advocated for investing in industries or products that investors personally understand. He believed individual investors could gain an edge by identifying trends and companies they encounter in everyday life. This “buy what you know” approach allows investors to recognize opportunities in sectors they are familiar with.
2. Conduct Thorough Research
- While Lynch encouraged investing in familiar businesses, he emphasized the importance of deep research. He suggested understanding the company’s fundamentals, business model, competitive advantages, and financial health before making any investment decision. He relied heavily on metrics like the Price-to-Earnings (P/E) ratio to determine if a stock was over or undervalued.
3. Classify Stocks into Categories
- Lynch categorized stocks into six types: slow growers, stalwarts, fast growers, cyclicals, asset plays, and turnarounds. Each category has distinct investment characteristics, risks, and potential returns. Understanding which category a stock falls into helps investors set realistic expectations and manage risks accordingly.
4. Focus on Growth Stocks with Reasonable Valuations
- Lynch was known for his focus on growth stocks, particularly those that demonstrated strong earnings growth potential. However, he cautioned against paying too high a price for growth, emphasizing a reasonable P/E ratio relative to growth rate (PEG ratio). He believed in paying fair prices for quality growth rather than chasing “hot” stocks at any cost.
5. Look for Companies with Strong Earnings Growth
- Lynch favored companies with a history of consistent and sustainable earnings growth. This metric indicates the company’s ability to generate profits and reinvest in its future, increasing the likelihood of long-term appreciation in stock value.
6. Stay Patient and Think Long-Term
- Lynch’s strategy involved patience and a long-term mindset. He believed in holding stocks for several years to allow their growth potential to materialize. His motto, “time, not timing, is the key to building wealth in the stock market,” reflects his belief in staying invested for the long haul rather than attempting to time the market.
7. Avoid “Diworsification”
- Lynch coined the term “diworsification” to describe over-diversifying, which can dilute an investor’s focus and returns. He believed in focusing on a manageable number of high-quality stocks rather than spreading investments too thinly across various sectors or companies, which can reduce the potential for meaningful gains.
8. Watch for Red Flags
- Lynch advised watching out for red flags such as excessive debt, weak cash flow, or unsustainable growth rates. He believed these indicators could signal trouble for a company’s future performance. Staying vigilant about these warning signs helps investors avoid potential pitfalls.
9. Learn from Mistakes
- Peter Lynch stressed that mistakes are an inevitable part of investing, but learning from them is crucial. He recommended maintaining a record of investment decisions to help identify patterns, improve judgment, and develop a more disciplined approach to investing.
10. Stay Informed and Adapt
- Lynch was a proponent of continuous learning, stressing the need to stay updated on economic trends, market shifts, and individual company developments. His approach encouraged investors to remain adaptable and open to new investment opportunities while managing risks.
HTML CSS AND JS CODE FOR HOTEL MANAGEMT SYSTEM
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Hotel Booking Dashboard</title>
<style>
/* Global Styles */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
background-color: #f4f4f4;
color: #333;
}
nav {
background-color: #343a40;
color: white;
padding: 15px;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
}
.nav-links {
list-style: none;
display: flex;
gap: 20px;
}
.nav-links a {
color: white;
text-decoration: none;
padding: 8px 15px;
border-radius: 5px;
transition: background 0.3s ease;
}
.nav-links a:hover {
background-color: #495057;
}
.container {
max-width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 20px;
}
footer {
background-color: #343a40;
color: white;
text-align: center;
padding: 15px 0;
margin-top: 20px;
}
/* Section Styles */
.section {
display: none;
}
#home {
display: block;
}
/* Form styles */
input, select, textarea, button {
padding: 10px;
font-size: 14px;
border-radius: 5px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
button {
background-color: #343a40;
color: white;
cursor: pointer;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #495057;
}
/* Styling for hotel display */
.hotel {
border: 1px solid #ddd;
padding: 15px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
border-radius: 8px;
background-color: #fff;
}
.hotel img {
width: 100%;
max-width: 200px;
border-radius: 8px;
}
.hotel p {
margin: 5px 0;
}
/* New styles for room types and reviews */
.room-type, .review {
margin: 10px 0;
}
.rating {
color: #ffcc00;
}
.review p {
font-size: 14px;
}
/* Pagination styles */
.pagination {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
margin-top: 20px;
}
.pagination a {
padding: 8px 16px;
margin: 0 5px;
background-color: #343a40;
color: white;
text-decoration: none;
border-radius: 5px;
}
.pagination a:hover {
background-color: #495057;
}
/* Search and filter styles */
.search-container {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.search-container input, .search-container select {
margin-right: 10px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Navigation Bar -->
<nav>
<div class="nav-brand">Hotel Booking Dashboard</div>
<ul class="nav-links">
<li><a href="#" onclick="showSection('home')">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#" onclick="showSection('blog')">Blog</a></li>
<li><a href="#" onclick="showSection('career')">Career</a></li>
<li><a href="#" onclick="showSection('admin')">Admin Dashboard</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<!-- Home Section -->
<section id="home" class="section">
<div class="container">
<h2>Welcome to Hotel Booking Dashboard</h2>
<p>Browse through the available hotels, or sign in to manage the hotels if you're an admin.</p>
<!-- Search and Filter -->
<div class="search-container">
<input type="text" id="hotelSearch" placeholder="Search Hotels by Name" oninput="searchHotels()">
<select id="priceFilter" onchange="filterHotelsByPrice()">
<option value="">Filter by Price</option>
<option value="0-1000">0-1000 NPR</option>
<option value="1001-3000">1001-3000 NPR</option>
<option value="3001-5000">3001-5000 NPR</option>
<option value="5001+">5001+ NPR</option>
</select>
</div>
<!-- Hotel listing will be dynamically populated here -->
<div id="hotelList"></div>
<!-- Pagination -->
<div id="pagination" class="pagination"></div>
<!-- Booking Form -->
<h3>Book a Hotel</h3>
<form id="bookingForm">
<input type="text" id="bookingName" placeholder="Your Name" required>
<input type="email" id="bookingEmail" placeholder="Your Email" required>
<select id="hotelSelect" required>
<option value="">Select a Hotel</option>
</select>
<button type="submit">Book Now</button>
</form>
<div id="bookingSummary" style="display: none;">
<h3>Booking Summary</h3>
<p id="summaryDetails"></p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- Blog Section -->
<section id="blog" class="section" style="display: none;">
<div class="container">
<h2>Hotel Booking Tips</h2>
<div id="blogList"></div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- Career Section -->
<section id="career" class="section" style="display: none;">
<div class="container">
<h2>Join Our Team</h2>
<p>We are always looking for passionate individuals to join our team.</p>
<h3>Open Positions</h3>
<ul id="careerList"></ul>
<h3>Apply Now</h3>
<form>
<input type="text" placeholder="Your Name">
<input type="email" placeholder="Your Email">
<textarea placeholder="Your Message"></textarea>
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
</div>
</section>
<!-- Admin Dashboard Section -->
<section id="admin" class="section" style="display: none;">
<div class="container">
<h2>Admin Login</h2>
<input type="text" id="adminUsername" placeholder="Username">
<input type="password" id="adminPassword" placeholder="Password">
<button onclick="adminLogin()">Login as Admin</button>
<div id="adminDashboard" style="display: none;">
<h2>Manage Hotels</h2>
<button onclick="toggleAddHotelForm()">Add New Hotel</button>
<div id="addHotelForm" style="display: none;">
<input type="text" id="hotelName" placeholder="Hotel Name">
<input type="text" id="hotelLocation" placeholder="Hotel Location">
<input type="number" id="hotelPrice" placeholder="Price (in NPR)">
<input type="url" id="hotelImageURL" placeholder="Image URL">
<textarea id="hotelDescription" placeholder="Hotel Description"></textarea>
<select id="hotelAvailability">
<option value="available">Available</option>
<option value="unavailable">Unavailable</option>
</select>
<button onclick="addHotel()">Add Hotel</button>
</div>
<h3>Manage Blogs</h3>
<button onclick="toggleAddBlogForm()">Add New Blog</button>
<div id="addBlogForm" style="display: none;">
<input type="text" id="blogTitle" placeholder="Blog Title">
<textarea id="blogContent" placeholder="Blog Content"></textarea>
<button onclick="addBlog()">Add Blog</button>
</div>
<h3>Manage Careers</h3>
<button onclick="toggleAddCareerForm()">Add New Career</button>
<div id="addCareerForm" style="display: none;">
<input type="text" id="careerPosition" placeholder="Position">
<textarea id="careerDescription" placeholder="Position Description"></textarea>
<button onclick="addCareer()">Add Career</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<footer>
<p>© 2024 Hotel Booking Dashboard</p>
</footer>
<script>
// Global hotel data (for example purposes)
let hotels = [
{
name: "Hotel Lux", location: "Kathmandu", price: 5000, imageURL: "hotel1.jpg", description: "A luxurious hotel in the heart of Kathmandu.",
rating: 4, available: true, reviews: [
{ rating: 5, text: "Excellent service!" },
{ rating: 4, text: "Great experience, but could improve the breakfast." }
]
},
{
name: "Mountain View", location: "Pokhara", price: 3000, imageURL: "hotel2.jpg", description: "Enjoy stunning mountain views.",
rating: 3.5, available: true, reviews: [
{ rating: 3, text: "Good for the price, but the room was a bit small." }
]
}
];
// Admin login functionality
function adminLogin() {
const username = document.getElementById("adminUsername").value;
const password = document.getElementById("adminPassword").value;
if (username === "admin" && password === "admin123") {
document.getElementById("adminDashboard").style.display = "block";
} else {
alert("Invalid login credentials.");
}
}
// Hotel search and filter functionality
function searchHotels() {
const query = document.getElementById("hotelSearch").value.toLowerCase();
const filteredHotels = hotels.filter(hotel => hotel.name.toLowerCase().includes(query));
displayHotels(filteredHotels);
}
function filterHotelsByPrice() {
const priceRange = document.getElementById("priceFilter").value;
let filteredHotels = hotels;
if (priceRange) {
const [min, max] = priceRange.split("-").map(Number);
filteredHotels = hotels.filter(hotel => {
if (max) return hotel.price >= min && hotel.price <= max;
return hotel.price >= min;
});
}
displayHotels(filteredHotels);
}
function displayHotels(hotelList) {
const hotelListContainer = document.getElementById("hotelList");
hotelListContainer.innerHTML = "";
hotelList.forEach(hotel => {
const hotelDiv = document.createElement("div");
hotelDiv.classList.add("hotel");
hotelDiv.innerHTML = `
<h3>${hotel.name}</h3>
<p><strong>Location:</strong> ${hotel.location}</p>
<p><strong>Price:</strong> ${hotel.price} NPR</p>
<p><strong>Rating:</strong> ${"⭐".repeat(Math.round(hotel.rating))}</p>
<p><strong>Description:</strong> ${hotel.description}</p>
<img src="${hotel.imageURL}" alt="${hotel.name}" />
<div class="review">
<strong>Reviews:</strong>
<ul>
${hotel.reviews.map(review => `<li>${review.rating}⭐ - ${review.text}</li>`).join("")}
</ul>
</div>
<button onclick="bookHotel(${hotelList.indexOf(hotel)})">Book This Hotel</button>
`;
hotelListContainer.appendChild(hotelDiv);
});
// Handle pagination
const pagination = document.getElementById("pagination");
const pageCount = Math.ceil(hotelList.length / 5);
pagination.innerHTML = Array.from({ length: pageCount }, (_, i) => {
return `<a href="#" onclick="paginateHotels(${i + 1})">${i + 1}</a>`;
}).join("");
}
function paginateHotels(page) {
const startIndex = (page - 1) * 5;
const paginatedHotels = hotels.slice(startIndex, startIndex + 5);
displayHotels(paginatedHotels);
}
// Handle booking functionality
function bookHotel(index) {
const hotel = hotels[index];
document.getElementById("hotelSelect").innerHTML = `<option value="${index}">${hotel.name}</option>`;
document.getElementById("bookingForm").style.display = "block";
}
// Handle booking form submission
document.getElementById("bookingForm").onsubmit = function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
const userName = document.getElementById("bookingName").value;
const userEmail = document.getElementById("bookingEmail").value;
const hotelIndex = document.getElementById("hotelSelect").value;
const selectedHotel = hotels[hotelIndex];
const summary = `
<p><strong>Name:</strong> ${userName}</p>
<p><strong>Email:</strong> ${userEmail}</p>
<p><strong>Hotel:</strong> ${selectedHotel.name}</p>
<p><strong>Price:</strong> ${selectedHotel.price} NPR</p>
<p><strong>Location:</strong> ${selectedHotel.location}</p>
<p><strong>Description:</strong> ${selectedHotel.description}</p>
`;
document.getElementById("summaryDetails").innerHTML = summary;
document.getElementById("bookingSummary").style.display = "block";
};
// Initial hotel display
window.onload = function () {
displayHotels(hotels);
};
</script>
</body>
</html>
NEPSE SUMMARY NOV 11 2024
The Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE) closed the trading session with a solid gain, ending at 2,760.21 points, an increase of 22.14 points or 0.80%. This followed the previous session’s notable rise of 62.54 points. The index opened at 2,740.12 points, fluctuating between a low of 2,734.41 and a high of 2,782.43 points. A total of 24,557,153 shares from 302 companies were traded across 113,964 transactions, resulting in a total turnover of Rs. 11.31 Arba.
Sahas Urja Limited (SAHAS) topped the turnover chart with a total of Rs. 38.17 crores, closing at Rs. 552.10. Additionally, six stocks reached their positive circuit limits, reflecting strong investor interest. On the downside, Eastern Hydropower Limited (EHPL) saw the steepest drop, falling by 10%.
Sector-wise, the “Microfinance Index” led the gains, rising by 3.2%, while the “Finance Index” posted the largest loss, declining by 0.30%
MARKET SUMMARY
📊 Market Summary 🏦
Total Turnover Rs: 11,315,207,127.09 💵
Total Traded Shares: 24,557,153 📈
Total Transactions: 113,964 💼
Total Scrips Traded: 302 📊
Total Market Capitalization Rs: 4,394,122,735,631.4 💰
Total Float Market Capitalization Rs: 1,552,733,973,908 💵
TOP TURNOVER
📊 Top Turnover Scripts 🏦
| Company | Turnover | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| SAHAS | +381,787,244.70 💸 | +552.10 💹 |
| HRL | +261,535,594.30 💸 | +894.00 💹 |
| AHPC | +251,069,025.50 💸 | +299.00 💹 |
| SHPC | +227,671,702.80 💸 | +583.00 💹 |
| SFCL | +217,849,043.40 💸 | +843.00 💹 |
| SHEL | +217,507,970.70 💸 | -267.00 💹 |
| NLG | +204,128,710.90 💸 | +1,339.00 💹 |
| SGIC | +202,009,391.90 💸 | +738.10 💹 |
| AKPL | +188,707,397.00 💸 | -273.00 💹 |
| NGPL | +177,853,045.20 💸 | -495.00 💹 |
TOP GAINER
📊 Top Gainers 🏦
| Company | LTP | Pt. Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| SMB | 2,079.00 | +189.00 | +10.00% |
| SLBSL | 1,538.90 | +139.90 | +10.00% |
| GLBSL | 2,299.00 | +209.00 | +10.00% |
| MLBS | 1,904.10 | +173.10 | +10.00% |
| SHLB | 2,343.70 | +213.00 | +10.00% |
| MBL | 283.00 | +25.70 | +9.99% |
| NABBC | 897.30 | +81.50 | +9.99% |
| KBSH | 2,891.00 | +262.00 | +9.97% |
| CYCL | 1,736.90 | +156.90 | +9.93% |
| GFCL | 1,152.30 | +103.20 | +9.84% |
TOP LOSER
📉 Top Losers 🏦
| Symbol | LTP | Pt. Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| EHPL | 814.50 | -90.50 | -10.00% |
| SFCL | 843.00 | -90.70 | -9.71% |
| SGIC | 738.10 | -31.80 | -4.13% |
| DHPL | 262.10 | -10.90 | -3.99% |
| SPDL | 328.10 | -11.90 | -3.50% |
| GRDBL | 810.00 | -27.90 | -3.33% |
| DORDI | 478.00 | -16.30 | -3.30% |
| DOLTI | 590.00 | -20.10 | -3.29% |
| KRBL | 680.00 | -23.10 | -3.29% |
| SGHC | 430.00 | -14.50 | -3.26% |
TOP VOLUME
📊 Top Volume 🏦
| Symbol | Shares Traded | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| HIDCLP | 850,128 | 185.90 |
| AHPC | 831,249 | 299.00 |
| SHEL | 803,937 | 267.00 |
| SAHAS | 686,969 | 552.10 |
| AKPL | 676,682 | 273.00 |
| KBL | 476,687 | 234.80 |
| API | 445,338 | 307.00 |
| MBL | 429,596 | 283.00 |
| HURJA | 419,230 | 225.50 |
| SHPC | 391,722 | 583.00 |
AHPC Q1 REPORT 2081/82
In the first quarter of fiscal year 2081/82, Arun Valley Hydropower Development Company Limited (AHPC) demonstrated robust financial growth across multiple metrics. The company’s paid-up capital doubled, reaching Rs. 3.73 Arba, up from Rs. 1.87 Arba in Q1 2080/81, while its reserves and surplus surged by 231.59%, rising from Rs. 7.70 crores to Rs. 25.53 crores, indicating enhanced financial resilience.
Property, plant, and equipment assets increased by 3.83% to Rs. 2.61 Arba, reflecting continued infrastructure investments. The company’s investment portfolio also grew substantially by 64.94%, totaling Rs. 1.23 Arba compared to Rs. 74.83 crores in the previous year’s quarter. Revenue from power sales was a major highlight, soaring by 485.57% to Rs. 7.74 crores from Rs. 1.32 crores, driving a significant increase in net profit, which jumped 720.51% to Rs. 11.32 crores, up from Rs. 1.38 crores last year.
Administrative expenses rose by 40.37% to Rs. 11.10 lakhs, while finance expenses sharply declined by 70.72%, dropping from Rs. 4.21 crores to Rs. 1.23 crores, likely contributing to the boosted net profit. The company’s annualized earnings per share (EPS) climbed to Rs. 12.12, a 310.26% increase from Rs. 2.96 last year. Net worth per share also saw a modest improvement of 2.60%, reaching Rs. 106.83, compared to Rs. 104.12 in the previous period.
By the quarter’s close, AHPC’s price-to-earnings (PE) ratio was recorded at 23.84, with a market price of Rs. 289 per share.
SEE Q1 REPORT
Financial Summary – Arun Valley Hydropower Development Company
| Particulars (In Rs ‘000) | Q1 2081/82 | Q1 2080/81 | Difference (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Assets and Revenue | – | – | – |
CHART FROM NEPSE APLHA
Mathillo Mailun Khola Jalvidhyut Publish Q1 Report 2081/82
In the first quarter of fiscal year 2081/82, Mathillo Mailun Khola Jalvidhyut Limited (MMKJL) showcased a notable financial turnaround, shifting from a net loss to a strong net profit. The company’s paid-up capital rose by 14.73% to reach Rs. 1 Arba, up from Rs. 87.16 crores in the same period last year. Reserve and surplus also experienced a substantial increase of 176.77%, moving from Rs. 4.28 lakhs to Rs. 11.86 lakhs, signaling improved financial health. However, retained earnings presented a negative balance, amounting to Rs. 5.65 crores.
The company’s property, plant, and equipment assets decreased by 6.95%, totaling Rs. 85.17 lakhs compared to Rs. 91.54 lakhs the previous year. Conversely, long-term borrowings saw a rise of 22.75%, reaching Rs. 2.13 Arba from Rs. 1.73 Arba in Q1 2080/81. A major driver behind MMKJL’s financial recovery was the revenue generated from power sales, which amounted to Rs. 14.25 crores, a significant gain given the absence of revenue in the prior year’s quarter.
Administrative expenses increased sharply by 841.93% to Rs. 3.21 crores, up from Rs. 34.13 lakhs, while finance expenses totaled Rs. 4.86 crores. Despite these increased expenditures, MMKJL achieved a net profit of Rs. 4.39 crores, a remarkable improvement from the Rs. 30.51 lakhs net loss recorded in Q1 2080/81. This turnaround resulted in an annualized earnings per share (EPS) of Rs. 17.56, compared to a negative EPS of Rs. 1.40 last year.
The net worth per share inched up to Rs. 100.12 from Rs. 100.05, reflecting a modest growth of 0.07%. By quarter’s end, the price-to-earnings (PE) ratio stood at 29.44, with a market price of Rs. 517.10 per share.
See Q1 Report 2081/82
Financial Summary – Mathillo Mailun Khola Jalvidhyut
| Particulars (In Rs ‘000) | Q1 2081/82 | Q1 2080/81 | Difference (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Assets and Revenue | – | – | – |
CHART
FOG SPARAY POSTER
UNDERSTANDIG THE IMPORATNCE OF H1 TAG IN HTML
In HTML (HyperText Markup Language), the <h1> tag is one of the most important elements for structuring a webpage. It is used to define the main heading or title of a page or a section within the page. The <h1> tag is integral for both search engine optimization (SEO) and user experience, making it a critical aspect of web development.
1. What is the <h1> Tag?
The <h1> tag is an HTML element that represents the top-level heading on a webpage. It typically defines the most important title or headline in the content, often summarizing what the page or section is about.
For example:
<h1>Welcome to My Personal Blog</h1>
In this example, “Welcome to My Personal Blog” would be displayed as the main heading of the page.
2. Semantic Importance
HTML provides six levels of headings, from <h1> to <h6>, where <h1> represents the most important heading, and <h6> represents the least important. These headings help both users and search engines understand the hierarchy and content of a page.
Using the <h1> tag correctly is important for several reasons:
- Accessibility: Screen readers and assistive technologies rely on heading tags to help users navigate through content.
- SEO (Search Engine Optimization): Search engines use headings to understand the structure and content of a page. An appropriate
<h1>tag, containing relevant keywords, can improve the search engine ranking of your page.
3. Best Practices for Using <h1>
To optimize the effectiveness of your <h1> tag, here are some best practices to follow:
- Unique Content: Each page should have only one
<h1>tag. This helps to clearly identify the main topic of the page. Having multiple<h1>tags on a page can confuse search engines about the most important topic. - Descriptive and Relevant: The content within the
<h1>tag should accurately reflect the content of the page or section. Use keywords that are relevant to your page’s subject matter. - Avoid Overuse of Keywords: While it’s important to include relevant keywords in the
<h1>tag, it should not be overstuffed with them. This practice can lead to penalties by search engines like Google.
4. Styling <h1> with CSS
You can easily style the <h1> tag using CSS (Cascading Style Sheets). By default, the <h1> tag is bold and has a large font size, but you can modify it to fit your design needs.
Here’s an example of styling a heading using CSS:
<h1 style="color: blue; font-size: 48px; text-align: center;">Welcome to My Website</h1>
Alternatively, using an external or internal CSS:
h1 {
color: #2c3e50;
font-size: 3em;
text-align: left;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
}
5. Use of <h1> in Sections
On multi-section pages, like blogs or articles, each section can have its own <h1> tag to define its main heading. For example, in a blog post, the title of the article can be wrapped in an <h1>, while subsections or subheadings may use <h2>, <h3>, etc.
Example:
<h1>Ultimate Guide to Web Development</h1>
<h2>Introduction to HTML</h2>
<h3>What is HTML?</h3>
6. Role in Mobile-Friendly and Responsive Design
As the web evolves with mobile-first design principles, the <h1> tag remains an essential component. On mobile devices, where screen space is limited, a large and clear <h1> heading ensures that users immediately understand the content of the page. CSS media queries can be used to adjust the size and style of the <h1> tag based on the screen size.
Example:
@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
h1 {
font-size: 24px;
}
}
7. Common Mistakes to Avoid with <h1>
While the <h1> tag is essential for structuring web content, there are common mistakes developers should avoid:
- Multiple
<h1>Tags on a Single Page: Each page should ideally have one<h1>tag to indicate the primary topic. Multiple<h1>tags can confuse search engines. - Using Non-Descriptive Text: The
<h1>tag should clearly convey the content’s topic. Avoid vague or generic headings that don’t reflect the page content. - Neglecting Mobile Optimization: Ensure your
<h1>tag scales well on mobile devices to provide a user-friendly experience.
8. Conclusion
The <h1> tag plays a vital role in web development. It helps organize content, improve SEO, and enhance the overall user experience. By adhering to best practices—such as using a unique, descriptive heading, and styling it effectively with CSS—developers can maximize the impact of their <h1> tags and create more accessible, well-structured, and search engine-friendly web pages.
To make the most of the <h1> tag:
- Use it as the main heading.
- Style it to match your design.
- Ensure it is descriptive, concise, and relevant.
- Avoid overusing keywords.
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR PREGENCY CALCULATOR
FEATURE
Pregnancy Due Date Calculation:
- User selects their Last Menstrual Period (LMP) date.
- The system calculates the estimated due date based on LMP (280 days from LMP).
Pregnancy Progress Bar:
- Displays the percentage of pregnancy completion based on days passed.
- Updates dynamically with the pregnancy progress.
Trimester Information:
- Displays the current trimester (1st, 2nd, or 3rd) with corresponding icons and labels.
- Updates as the user progresses through the pregnancy.
Weekly Milestones:
- Provides milestones based on the number of weeks pregnant.
- Example milestones include baby’s heart starting to beat or moving around.
Monthly Overview:
- Displays a summary of what to expect during each month of pregnancy.
- Example: Baby’s size, development, or major changes for each month.
Nutrition Tips:
- Suggests nutrition tips like consuming folic acid, iron, calcium, and staying hydrated.
- Customizes advice based on the user’s current pregnancy stage (by trimester or week).
Health Reminders:
- Provides health reminders such as scheduling prenatal visits, staying active, and preparing for labor.
- Changes based on how many weeks pregnant the user is.
Random Baby Name Suggestions:
- Suggests a random baby name based on a list of popular names.
- Makes the experience fun and engaging for parents-to-be.
Pregnancy Information Summary:
- Shows a detailed summary of key data: Due date, weeks pregnant, trimester, and days remaining until due.
User-Friendly Interface:
- Simple, minimalistic design with black text on a white background.
- Clean and organized sections with headers for easy navigation.
Dynamic Progress Updates:
- The progress bar updates dynamically as weeks pass, showing the percentage of pregnancy completed.
Glowing Effects and Animations:
- Enhanced animations with glowing effect on buttons and highlights.
- Smooth transitions for interactive elements.
Responsive Design:
- The interface is responsive and adjusts automatically to different screen sizes.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Enhanced Pregnancy Due Date Calculator</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #ffffff;
color: #000000;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
padding: 20px;
}
.calculator-container {
background-color: #ffffff;
border: 2px solid #000000;
padding: 30px;
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
max-width: 700px;
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
}
h2 {
font-size: 24px;
color: #333333;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
label {
display: block;
margin-top: 15px;
font-weight: bold;
color: #333333;
}
input[type="date"], input[type="button"] {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px;
margin: 10px 0;
border-radius: 8px;
border: 2px solid #333333;
font-size: 16px;
color: #333333;
background-color: #f0f0f0;
}
input[type="button"] {
background-color: #333333;
color: #ffffff;
cursor: pointer;
font-weight: bold;
transition: background-color 0.3s;
}
input[type="button"]:hover {
background-color: #555555;
}
.result, .progress-container, .monthly-overview, .nutrition-info, .reminders-info, .baby-names {
margin-top: 20px;
padding: 15px;
border-radius: 8px;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
text-align: left;
font-size: 16px;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.section-header {
font-size: 18px;
color: #333333;
font-weight: bold;
margin-bottom: 8px;
border-bottom: 2px solid #333333;
padding-bottom: 4px;
}
.emoji {
font-size: 18px;
margin-right: 8px;
}
.progress-bar {
width: 100%;
height: 20px;
border-radius: 10px;
background-color: #e0e0e0;
margin-top: 10px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.progress {
height: 100%;
background-color: #333333;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
line-height: 20px;
font-weight: bold;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="calculator-container">
<h2>Pregnancy Due Date Calculator</h2>
<label for="lmp">Last Menstrual Period (LMP) 🌸</label>
<input type="date" id="lmp" required>
<input type="button" value="Calculate Due Date 🎉" onclick="calculatePregnancyDetails()">
<div class="result" id="result"></div>
<div class="progress-container">
<div class="section-header">Pregnancy Progress</div>
<div id="progressBar" class="progress-bar">
<div id="progress" class="progress">0%</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="milestone" class="monthly-overview">
<div class="section-header">Current Milestone</div>
<p id="milestoneText"></p>
</div>
<div id="nutrition" class="nutrition-info">
<div class="section-header">Nutrition Tip 🍎</div>
<p id="nutritionText"></p>
</div>
<div id="reminders" class="reminders-info">
<div class="section-header">Health Reminder 💡</div>
<p id="remindersText"></p>
</div>
<div id="babyNames" class="baby-names">
<div class="section-header">Baby Name Suggestion 🍼</div>
<p id="babyNameSuggestion"></p>
</div>
</div>
<script>
function calculatePregnancyDetails() {
const lmpDate = document.getElementById("lmp").value;
if (!lmpDate) {
alert("Please select your Last Menstrual Period (LMP) date.");
return;
}
const lmp = new Date(lmpDate);
const currentDate = new Date();
const msInDay = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
// Due date calculation (LMP + 280 days)
const dueDate = new Date(lmp.getTime() + (280 * msInDay));
const formattedDueDate = dueDate.toLocaleDateString(undefined, { year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric' });
// Days and weeks completed
const daysPregnant = Math.floor((currentDate - lmp) / msInDay);
const weeksPregnant = Math.floor(daysPregnant / 7);
const daysUntilDue = Math.max(Math.floor((dueDate - currentDate) / msInDay), 0);
// Current trimester
let trimester;
if (weeksPregnant < 13) {
trimester = "1st Trimester 🌱";
} else if (weeksPregnant < 27) {
trimester = "2nd Trimester 🌿";
} else {
trimester = "3rd Trimester 🌷";
}
// Pregnancy progress (percentage)
const pregnancyProgress = Math.min((daysPregnant / 280) * 100, 100).toFixed(1);
document.getElementById("progress").style.width = pregnancyProgress + "%";
document.getElementById("progress").innerText = pregnancyProgress + "%";
// Milestone
const milestones = [
"Baby's heart starts beating!",
"You may start feeling movements soon.",
"Your baby is now the size of a mango!",
"Your baby can now open their eyes!",
"Final trimester - almost there!"
];
const milestoneText = milestones[Math.floor(weeksPregnant / 10)];
document.getElementById("milestoneText").innerText = milestoneText;
// Nutrition Info
const nutritionInfo = [
"Ensure intake of folic acid, iron, and calcium.",
"Include leafy greens, lean proteins, and whole grains.",
"Stay hydrated and take prenatal vitamins.",
"Avoid caffeine and alcohol, and eat balanced meals."
];
document.getElementById("nutritionText").innerText = nutritionInfo[Math.floor(weeksPregnant / 10)];
// Health Reminders
const healthReminders = [
"Schedule your first prenatal visit.",
"Consider prenatal exercises.",
"Prepare for gestational diabetes screening.",
"Discuss labor preferences with your doctor."
];
document.getElementById("remindersText").innerText = healthReminders[Math.floor(weeksPregnant / 10)];
// Baby Name Suggestion
const babyNames = ["Liam", "Emma", "Noah", "Olivia", "Ava", "Elijah", "Sophia", "Lucas", "Mia", "Amelia"];
const randomName = babyNames[Math.floor(Math.random() * babyNames.length)];
document.getElementById("babyNameSuggestion").innerText = randomName;
// Display results
document.getElementById("result").innerHTML = `
<p>Estimated Due Date 📅: <strong>${formattedDueDate}</strong></p>
<p>Weeks Pregnant 🗓️: <strong>${weeksPregnant} weeks</strong></p>
<p>Current Trimester 🌼: <strong>${trimester}</strong></p>
<p>Days Until Due 🕒: <strong>${daysUntilDue} days</strong></p>
`;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Largest Automaker Companies in the world
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR FOOTSAL BOOKING SYSTEM
FEATURE OF THE CODE
- User-Friendly Interface: Simple, responsive layout with clear labels and placeholders.
- Personal Information Collection: Fields for entering name, phone number, booking date, time slot, and number of players.
- Error Handling: Displays error messages if required fields are empty or invalid input is detected.
- Booking Confirmation: Provides a summary of booking details (ID, name, phone, date, time, players, cost).
- Booking ID Generation: Assigns a unique booking ID for each reservation.
- Cost Calculation: Calculates the total cost based on the number of players (NPR 100 per player).
- Duplicate Slot Prevention: Prevents booking if the selected date and time slot are already taken.
- Success Message: Displays a success message on successful booking, which auto-hides after a few seconds.
- Booking History: Maintains and displays a history of bookings.
- Download Summary: Option to download the booking summary as a PDF.
- Print Confirmation: Button to print the booking summary.
- Rating Feature: Allows users to rate their experience after booking.
- Feedback Collection: Provides a feedback form for users to enter comments about their booking experience.
- Available Slot Display: Lists available time slots for bookings.
- Real-Time Validation: Ensures all inputs are validated before booking is confirmed.
- Responsive Design: Adjusts layout and elements to fit various screen sizes.
- Animations: Visual feedback on button hover, providing a dynamic user experience.
- Alerts for Download/Print Actions: Alerts for downloading and printing, ensuring the user knows what action is happening.
- Clear and Intuitive Styling: Simple, modern color scheme and typography for easy readability.
- Flexible Date and Time Slot Choices: Drop-down for selecting from different time slots to allow flexibility in bookings.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Advanced Footsal Booking System</title>
<style>
/* Basic styling */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f0f8ff;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
min-height: 100vh;
}
.container {
width: 90%;
max-width: 700px;
padding: 20px;
background-color: #ffffff;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
h1, h2 {
text-align: center;
color: #333;
}
.form-group {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
label {
display: block;
font-weight: bold;
color: #555;
}
input, select, textarea {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
margin-top: 5px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 5px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
button {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px;
background-color: #28a745;
color: #fff;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 16px;
cursor: pointer;
margin-top: 15px;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #218838;
}
.summary, .history, .ratings, .available-slots, .feedback-container {
display: none;
margin-top: 20px;
padding: 15px;
background-color: #f8f9fa;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 5px;
}
#ratings input[type="radio"] {
margin-right: 5px;
}
.error-message {
color: red;
font-size: 0.9em;
display: none;
margin-top: 5px;
}
.success-message {
color: green;
font-size: 0.9em;
display: none;
margin-top: 5px;
}
.history-list, .slots-list {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 0;
}
.history-list li, .slots-list li {
padding: 8px;
background-color: #e9ecef;
margin-bottom: 5px;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<!-- Title and Image -->
<h1>⚽ Advanced Footsal Booking System ⚽</h1>
<!-- Booking Form -->
<div id="bookingForm">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="name">👤 Name:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" placeholder="Enter your name" required>
<div class="error-message" id="nameError">Please enter your name.</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="phone">📞 Phone Number:</label>
<input type="text" id="phone" placeholder="Enter your phone number" required>
<div class="error-message" id="phoneError">Please enter a valid phone number.</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="date">📅 Booking Date:</label>
<input type="date" id="date" required>
<div class="error-message" id="dateError">Please select a valid date.</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="time">🕒 Time Slot:</label>
<select id="time" required>
<option value="">Select Time Slot</option>
<option value="6 AM - 8 AM">6 AM - 8 AM</option>
<option value="8 AM - 10 AM">8 AM - 10 AM</option>
<option value="4 PM - 6 PM">4 PM - 6 PM</option>
<option value="6 PM - 8 PM">6 PM - 8 PM</option>
</select>
<div class="error-message" id="timeError">Please select a time slot.</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="players">👥 Number of Players:</label>
<input type="number" id="players" placeholder="Enter number of players" min="1" required>
<div class="error-message" id="playersError">Please enter the number of players.</div>
</div>
<button onclick="bookFootsal()">📅 Book Now</button>
</div>
<!-- Booking Summary -->
<div id="summary" class="summary">
<h2>🎉 Booking Confirmation 🎉</h2>
<p id="bookingDetails"></p>
<button onclick="downloadSummary()">📄 Download as PDF</button>
<button onclick="printSummary()">🖨️ Print Confirmation</button>
<button onclick="showRatingForm()">🌟 Rate Your Experience</button>
</div>
<!-- Success Message -->
<div class="success-message" id="successMessage">Booking successful!</div>
<!-- Error Message for Double Booking -->
<div class="error-message" id="bookingError">⚠️ This slot is already booked. Please choose another time or date.</div>
<!-- Rating and Feedback -->
<div id="ratings" class="ratings">
<h2>🌟 Rate Your Booking</h2>
<label>Rating:</label>
<div>
<input type="radio" name="rating" value="1"> 1
<input type="radio" name="rating" value="2"> 2
<input type="radio" name="rating" value="3"> 3
<input type="radio" name="rating" value="4"> 4
<input type="radio" name="rating" value="5"> 5
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="feedback">💬 Feedback:</label>
<textarea id="feedback" placeholder="Write your feedback here"></textarea>
</div>
<button onclick="submitFeedback()">📥 Submit Feedback</button>
</div>
<!-- Booking History -->
<div id="history" class="history">
<h2>📋 Booking History</h2>
<ul id="historyList" class="history-list"></ul>
</div>
<!-- Available Slots -->
<div id="availableSlots" class="available-slots">
<h2>🕒 Available Slots</h2>
<ul id="slotsList" class="slots-list"></ul>
</div>
</div>
<script>
const bookings = [];
let uniqueID = 1;
function bookFootsal() {
clearErrors();
const name = document.getElementById("name").value;
const phone = document.getElementById("phone").value;
const date = document.getElementById("date").value;
const time = document.getElementById("time").value;
const players = document.getElementById("players").value;
// Validate inputs
if (!name || !phone || !date || !time || players < 1) {
showErrors(name, phone, date, time, players);
return;
}
// Check if slot is already booked
if (isSlotTaken(date, time)) {
document.getElementById("bookingError").style.display = "block";
return;
}
// Generate unique ID and calculate cost
const bookingID = `FBS${uniqueID++}`;
const cost = players * 100;
const bookingDetails = `
<strong>Booking ID:</strong> ${bookingID}<br>
<strong>Name:</strong> ${name}<br>
<strong>Phone:</strong> ${phone}<br>
<strong>Date:</strong> ${date}<br>
<strong>Time Slot:</strong> ${time}<br>
<strong>Number of Players:</strong> ${players}<br>
<strong>Total Cost:</strong> NPR ${cost}
`;
// Store booking in history
bookings.push({
id: bookingID,
name,
phone,
date,
time,
players,
cost,
});
document.getElementById("bookingDetails").innerHTML = bookingDetails;
document.getElementById("summary").style.display = "block";
document.getElementById("bookingForm").style.display = "none";
document.getElementById("successMessage").style.display = "block";
updateHistory();
setTimeout(() => document.getElementById("successMessage").style.display = "none", 3000);
}
function clearErrors() {
document.querySelectorAll(".error-message").forEach(error => error.style.display = "none");
document.getElementById("bookingError").style.display = "none";
}
function showErrors(name, phone, date, time, players) {
if (!name) document.getElementById("nameError").style.display = "block";
if (!phone) document.getElementById("phoneError").style.display = "block";
if (!date) document.getElementById("dateError").style.display = "block";
if (!time) document.getElementById("timeError").style.display = "block";
if (!players) document.getElementById("playersError").style.display = "block";
}
function isSlotTaken(date, time) {
return bookings.some(booking => booking.date === date && booking.time === time);
}
function downloadSummary() {
alert("Downloading summary as PDF...");
}
function printSummary() {
alert("Sending summary to the printer...");
}
function updateHistory() {
const historyList = document.getElementById("historyList");
historyList.innerHTML = bookings.map(booking => `
<li>${booking.date} - ${booking.time} (${booking.players} players) - NPR ${booking.cost}</li>
`).join("");
document.getElementById("history").style.display = "block";
}
function showAvailableSlots() {
const slotList = ["6 AM - 8 AM", "8 AM - 10 AM", "4 PM - 6 PM", "6 PM - 8 PM"];
const bookedSlots = bookings.map(booking => `${booking.date}: ${booking.time}`);
const availableSlots = slotList.filter(slot => !bookedSlots.includes(slot));
document.getElementById("slots").innerHTML = availableSlots.join("<br>");
document.getElementById("availableSlots").style.display = "block";
}
function showRatingForm() {
document.getElementById("ratings").style.display = "block";
}
function submitFeedback() {
const feedback = document.getElementById("feedback").value;
const rating = document.querySelector('input[name="rating"]:checked').value;
alert(`Thank you for your feedback!\nRating: ${rating} stars\nFeedback: ${feedback}`);
document.getElementById("ratings").style.display = "none";
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
ONE REP MAX CALCULATOR
Tribhuvan International Airport CLOSE 10 HRS DAILY
Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA) in Kathmandu, Nepal, is entering a new phase of significant upgrades led by the Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN). Starting today, the airport will close daily from 10:00 pm to 8:00 am for the next five months to facilitate the Air Transport Capacity Enhancement Project, a comprehensive development effort with an estimated budget of NPR 15 billion.
Key Project Upgrades:
- Southwest Taxiway Widening: This improvement will allow better flow and movement of aircraft, reducing wait times and enhancing operational safety.
- International Apron Expansion: The apron will be extended northward, creating more space for international aircraft parking and reducing congestion.
- Hangar Apron Enlargement: To the east, the hangar area will be expanded, providing additional room for aircraft maintenance and storage.
Expected Benefits
Dipendra Shrestha, the Project Chief, highlighted that the upgraded taxiway will run parallel to TIA’s primary runway, aiming to improve both safety and efficiency in aircraft operations.
Impact on Flights
This closure mirrors past upgrade initiatives at TIA. In 2077 BS, the airport’s runway was extended to 3,300 meters, leading to a 12-hour closure for several months. Similarly, a 10-hour daily shutdown in 2075 BS enabled runway resurfacing. Each time, about 30% of flights were affected. Currently, TIA accommodates over 200 domestic and 100 international flights daily, underscoring its critical role as Nepal’s main international gateway.
The Bigger Picture
The enhancement project is crucial for TIA as it works to meet international safety and capacity standards, supporting its position alongside Nepal’s other international airports in Lumbini and Pokhara. These upgrades will ensure TIA can continue handling high passenger volumes and secure its role as a vital aviation hub in the region.
JOBS THAT AI CANT REPLACE
While AI is transforming many industries and automating numerous tasks, there are still several jobs and roles that AI cannot easily replace due to the complexity, creativity, and human touch they require. Here are examples of jobs that AI struggles to replicate or completely replace:
1. Creative Professionals (Writers, Artists, Musicians)
- Why AI Can’t Do It: While AI can generate text, music, and even visual art, it lacks the ability to create truly original and emotionally resonant work that reflects unique human experiences, culture, and context. Creative professionals thrive on intuition, imagination, and subjective judgment.
- Examples: Novelists, songwriters, illustrators, and filmmakers often create new concepts, express emotions, and explore abstract ideas, which require a human touch that AI cannot replicate.
2. Healthcare Professionals (Doctors, Nurses, Therapists)
- Why AI Can’t Do It: While AI can assist in diagnosing certain medical conditions or analyzing medical data, it cannot replace the nuanced care and empathy provided by doctors, nurses, and therapists. Patient care, emotional support, and complex decision-making in medical settings require human interaction.
- Examples: Doctors, surgeons, nurses, and therapists need to interact with patients, make subjective decisions based on experience, and provide emotional support and reassurance, which AI cannot replicate.
3. Teachers and Educators
- Why AI Can’t Do It: Teaching involves understanding individual students’ needs, providing tailored feedback, and fostering social and emotional development. AI lacks the empathy, creativity, and adaptability required to address the unique learning styles and challenges of each student.
- Examples: Classroom teachers, educational counselors, and special education professionals rely on personal connections, mentorship, and deep understanding of their students’ behaviors, needs, and learning processes.
4. Social Workers and Psychologists
- Why AI Can’t Do It: Social workers and psychologists deal with complex human emotions, provide counseling, and address sensitive issues related to mental health and wellbeing. They require empathy, understanding, and the ability to form personal connections, which AI cannot replicate.
- Examples: Therapists, social workers, and counselors must interpret emotional cues, offer personalized guidance, and adapt their approaches to individual cases, often using intuition and judgment that AI cannot replicate.
5. Entrepreneurs and Business Leaders
- Why AI Can’t Do It: Entrepreneurs and business leaders make high-level decisions based on a combination of strategic thinking, intuition, market understanding, and risk management. While AI can assist with data analysis, it cannot replicate the creativity and vision required to start, grow, and lead a business.
- Examples: CEOs, founders, and entrepreneurs drive innovation, build company cultures, and make high-level business decisions that rely on foresight, personal experiences, and the ability to inspire and lead others.
6. Skilled Trades (Electricians, Plumbers, Mechanics)
- Why AI Can’t Do It: Jobs that require physical dexterity, troubleshooting, and adapting to unpredictable situations are difficult for AI and robots to fully automate. Skilled trades involve hands-on problem-solving and adapting to unique, often challenging, conditions in real-world environments.
- Examples: Electricians, plumbers, and mechanics must troubleshoot issues, install systems, and make real-time adjustments based on variables that are often not predictable or standardized.
7. Human Resource Professionals
- Why AI Can’t Do It: While AI can assist with tasks like resume screening and initial assessments, human resource professionals need to navigate complex interpersonal dynamics, handle sensitive employee matters, and foster workplace culture. They play a critical role in conflict resolution, negotiations, and managing human emotions.
- Examples: HR managers, recruiters, and employee relations specialists rely on emotional intelligence, negotiation skills, and interpersonal abilities to manage people and resolve conflicts, which AI cannot replicate.
8. Sales and Marketing Professionals (Relationship-Based Roles)
- Why AI Can’t Do It: Relationship-building is essential in sales and marketing. Successful professionals in these fields need to establish trust, understand human needs, and offer personalized solutions. AI can automate certain marketing tasks, but it cannot build authentic relationships or engage in persuasive conversations the way a human can.
- Examples: Sales representatives, marketing strategists, and account managers rely on their ability to connect with clients on a personal level, understand their pain points, and develop tailored solutions.
9. Ethicists and Philosophers
- Why AI Can’t Do It: AI cannot engage in deep philosophical reasoning or ethical debates that require human judgment, emotional insight, and understanding of moral values. Ethical decisions often involve navigating gray areas where human experience, emotion, and societal values are critical.
- Examples: Ethicists, philosophers, and legal experts engage in high-level decision-making processes that require a deep understanding of human values, culture, and complex moral questions, which are beyond AI’s capabilities.
10. Customer Service (Complex Issues and Emotional Support)
- Why AI Can’t Do It: While AI is improving in handling basic customer service requests, it cannot handle complex issues or provide emotional support with the empathy and nuance required in challenging customer situations.
- Examples: Human customer service representatives are needed to handle delicate, emotionally charged, or complicated situations, offering personalized solutions and building rapport with customers.
11. Event Planners and Coordinators
- Why AI Can’t Do It: Event planning involves coordinating many variables, understanding client preferences, and managing on-the-ground logistics, often under pressure. It also requires creativity, flexibility, and a high level of human interaction and communication, which AI cannot replicate.
- Examples: Wedding planners, corporate event coordinators, and party organizers must understand the nuances of their clients’ desires, adapt to changing circumstances, and provide creative solutions, which are difficult for AI to replicate.
12. Crisis Management and Disaster Response
- Why AI Can’t Do It: In times of crisis, human judgment, emotional intelligence, and quick, flexible decision-making are vital. While AI can assist with data processing and analysis, the unpredictable nature of crises requires human expertise to navigate complex, often chaotic situations.
- Examples: Crisis managers, emergency responders, and disaster relief coordinators need to make high-pressure decisions and collaborate with a variety of stakeholders, skills that are difficult for AI to replicate.
13. Public Relations (PR) Professionals
- Why AI Can’t Do It: Public relations professionals must navigate complex human relationships, manage crises, and craft messages that resonate with different audiences. They must use creativity, emotional intelligence, and strategic thinking to influence public perception, tasks that are beyond the capabilities of AI.
- Examples: PR specialists and media relations managers use their skills to build a positive image for organizations, address media inquiries, and handle reputational crises, all of which require human tact and judgment.
14. Negotiators and Mediators
- Why AI Can’t Do It: Successful negotiation and mediation require emotional intelligence, empathy, and the ability to understand human motivations, which AI cannot easily grasp. The ability to influence people and create compromises in high-stakes situations is a distinctly human skill.
- Examples: Diplomats, union negotiators, and mediators rely on their ability to connect with others, read body language, and tailor their approaches to complex interpersonal dynamics, something AI cannot do effectively.
15. Judges and Lawyers (Certain Aspects)
- Why AI Can’t Do It: While AI can assist with legal research and data analysis, human judges and lawyers are needed to interpret laws, consider precedent, and apply discretion in legal cases. Complex legal reasoning and understanding the nuances of the law often require a human’s judgment, experience, and empathy.
- Examples: Judges and senior lawyers must make nuanced decisions based on their understanding of the law, individual circumstances, and broader societal implications, which AI is not capable of replicating.
Conclusion
While AI can perform many tasks across various industries, there are certain roles that require human judgment, emotional intelligence, creativity, and complex problem-solving that AI cannot replicate. These jobs often require personal interactions, understanding of subtle social cues, and the ability to think abstractly—qualities that are inherently human. As AI continues to advance, it will likely complement these roles, but for the foreseeable future, humans will still be essential in these fields.
JOBS THAT CAN BE REPLACED BY AI
AI has the potential to significantly transform the job market by automating tasks and replacing certain roles that are repetitive, data-driven, or routine-based. While AI cannot fully replace all jobs, especially those requiring creativity, empathy, and complex decision-making, it can replace or alter jobs in a variety of industries. Below are some key examples of jobs that AI can replace or transform:
1. Data Entry Clerks
- What AI Can Do: AI and automation tools can efficiently process and input data into systems with minimal errors, removing the need for manual data entry work.
- Tasks: Transcribing, categorizing, and organizing data can be automated through AI, reducing the need for human data entry clerks.
2. Customer Support Representatives
- What AI Can Do: AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants can handle customer queries, solve problems, and provide information 24/7.
- Tasks: Answering FAQs, processing orders, assisting with troubleshooting, and providing product or service information can be automated, although more complex queries may still require human intervention.
3. Telemarketers
- What AI Can Do: AI can carry out marketing calls, send emails, and conduct surveys with the ability to analyze responses and provide appropriate follow-up messages based on customer behavior.
- Tasks: Repetitive calling, lead qualification, and sales follow-ups can be done by AI systems that use natural language processing (NLP) to engage with customers.
4. Retail Workers (Cashiers)
- What AI Can Do: Self-checkout systems, automated registers, and AI-driven inventory management can replace many tasks currently performed by cashiers and stock clerks.
- Tasks: Scanning and processing transactions, managing stock levels, and restocking shelves can be automated with AI-powered systems.
5. Delivery Drivers (for basic routes)
- What AI Can Do: Autonomous vehicles and drones are being developed for delivering goods to customers. While not fully implemented, the technology is progressing quickly.
- Tasks: Delivering packages, goods, or food to specific locations can be done by self-driving vehicles or drones, though legal and technical challenges remain.
6. Manufacturing Workers
- What AI Can Do: Robotics and AI systems are used to automate tasks like assembly, packaging, quality control, and production line operations.
- Tasks: Routine manual tasks such as assembling components, inspecting products for defects, and packaging can be performed by AI-driven machines, reducing the need for human labor in manufacturing environments.
7. Proofreaders and Copy Editors
- What AI Can Do: AI-based grammar checkers, style editors, and content optimizers, such as Grammarly and other language tools, can spot errors, suggest changes, and even rewrite content.
- Tasks: Reviewing and editing written content for grammar, spelling, punctuation, and style can be efficiently automated, although more nuanced and creative editing may still require human intervention.
8. Travel Agents
- What AI Can Do: AI can process travel itineraries, book flights, hotels, and car rentals, and even suggest vacation packages tailored to a user’s preferences.
- Tasks: Booking travel arrangements, offering recommendations, and assisting with itinerary changes can be done by AI-powered travel assistants, reducing the need for human agents.
9. Financial Analysts
- What AI Can Do: AI can analyze vast amounts of financial data, predict trends, and generate reports much faster than humans. Many investment firms and banks use AI to automate portfolio management and financial predictions.
- Tasks: Analyzing financial data, creating reports, conducting risk assessments, and providing investment recommendations can be automated with AI.
10. Insurance Underwriters
- What AI Can Do: AI tools can analyze large amounts of data, assess risk factors, and make decisions on insurance policies, improving efficiency and accuracy in underwriting processes.
- Tasks: Assessing risk, determining policy eligibility, and pricing insurance plans can be handled by AI models that learn from historical data and patterns.
11. Market Research Analysts
- What AI Can Do: AI can collect and analyze data from surveys, focus groups, social media, and other sources to provide insights into market trends and consumer behavior.
- Tasks: Data collection, trend analysis, and report generation can be handled by AI systems, reducing the need for human market research analysts in some areas.
12. Fast Food Workers (Certain Tasks)
- What AI Can Do: AI systems and robots can take over tasks such as cooking, assembling food orders, and even handling basic customer service at fast food chains.
- Tasks: Preparing food, assembling orders, and taking payments can be automated, though human oversight may still be required for complex orders and customer service.
13. Legal Assistants and Paralegals
- What AI Can Do: AI can review and analyze legal documents, conduct legal research, and draft basic contracts and legal texts.
- Tasks: Researching case law, analyzing contracts, and assisting with document filing can be done by AI systems, streamlining many of the routine tasks performed by paralegals.
14. Real Estate Agents (for basic tasks)
- What AI Can Do: AI can automate property listings, match buyers with suitable properties, and even conduct virtual tours using VR (virtual reality) or AR (augmented reality).
- Tasks: Showing properties, negotiating prices, and drafting contracts can be partially automated, although human interaction may still be necessary for complex transactions.
15. Human Resources (HR) Assistants
- What AI Can Do: AI can assist with tasks like resume screening, employee onboarding, and performance tracking by analyzing large datasets and identifying the best candidates or most effective strategies.
- Tasks: Screening resumes, conducting initial candidate assessments, and tracking employee performance can be automated using AI tools.
16. Journalists (for Basic Reporting)
- What AI Can Do: AI can generate news reports, particularly for routine stories like financial earnings, sports scores, and weather reports, by analyzing structured data.
- Tasks: Writing basic reports, summarizing press releases, and generating news updates from databases can be automated by AI-powered systems.
17. Healthcare Support Workers (for administrative tasks)
- What AI Can Do: AI can automate administrative tasks like scheduling appointments, patient triage, and billing, which allows healthcare professionals to focus on patient care.
- Tasks: Patient registration, appointment scheduling, medical recordkeeping, and billing processes can be automated through AI-driven platforms.
18. Content Moderators
- What AI Can Do: AI can be used to scan content on social media, forums, and websites for inappropriate material (e.g., hate speech, explicit content) and remove it in real time.
- Tasks: Filtering and moderating content based on predefined guidelines can be automated with machine learning and AI models trained to detect harmful content.
Conclusion
While AI is set to automate many tasks across various sectors, it’s important to remember that AI excels in tasks that are repetitive, data-driven, and require pattern recognition. However, jobs requiring emotional intelligence, creativity, complex decision-making, and human interaction are still areas where humans excel and are unlikely to be fully replaced by AI in the near future.
AI is more likely to complement human work, making certain tasks more efficient, rather than completely replacing entire professions. The key is for workers to adapt and upskill in areas where AI cannot easily replicate human skills. In the future, AI will likely create new types of jobs while transforming existing ones. Therefore, rather than fearing job displacement, individuals and businesses should embrace AI as a tool to augment human work and productivity.
WHY AI CONTENT DOESNOT RANK ON GOOGLE
In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized many fields, and content creation is no exception. AI-generated content, which includes text, images, and even videos, has become an essential tool for many businesses and individuals looking to scale their online presence. However, despite the vast potential of AI in content creation, many users find that their AI-generated content doesn’t perform well in Google rankings.
This article seeks to explore the reasons why AI content doesn’t always rank well on Google, touching on factors such as quality, originality, SEO nuances, and Google’s evolving algorithms. We will also discuss the best practices for using AI to generate content that has a better chance of ranking well and driving organic traffic.
1. Understanding Google’s Search Algorithms
Before delving into why AI-generated content may not rank well, it’s important to first understand how Google’s search algorithms work. Google uses sophisticated algorithms, such as PageRank, RankBrain, and BERT, to assess and rank content. These algorithms analyze multiple factors to determine the relevance and quality of a webpage in relation to a user’s search query.
Google’s ranking factors are dynamic and evolve over time. For example, Google’s BERT algorithm uses natural language processing (NLP) to better understand the context of search queries and match them with relevant content. It aims to serve results that are not only relevant but also of high quality and value to the user.
2. AI-Generated Content: What Is It?
AI-generated content refers to any text, image, video, or multimedia produced using artificial intelligence tools and platforms. Some popular AI writing tools include GPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3), Copy.ai, Jarvis (Now Jasper), and Wordtune, which are used to create blog posts, marketing copy, social media updates, product descriptions, and more.
While these tools are powerful, they rely on algorithms that analyze vast datasets and generate content based on patterns they’ve learned. In short, AI tools can produce content that mimics human writing, but it may lack the depth, insight, and originality that is often required to perform well in search rankings.
3. AI Content Can Lack Originality
One of the key reasons why AI-generated content struggles to rank well on Google is its potential lack of originality. Google’s algorithms favor content that is unique, fresh, and adds real value to the internet. The search giant continually updates its algorithms to prioritize content that isn’t duplicated across multiple websites, as well as content that provides in-depth and original insights.
AI tools often rely on pre-existing data and templates, making the content somewhat repetitive and not truly original. Even though the content might appear unique at a glance, it may be pulling from the same sources and structures, resulting in a lack of novelty. This can lead to:
- Duplicate Content: If AI tools generate content from the same dataset, it might end up producing similar articles across different websites, which may be flagged as duplicate content by Google.
- Low-Quality Content: AI-generated content may fail to provide unique perspectives, deep insights, or thorough research, which are elements that Google tends to rank higher.
To rank well on Google, content needs to provide something new, insightful, and valuable, which is a challenge for AI-generated content to achieve consistently.
4. AI Content May Not Reflect User Intent
Google’s algorithms are designed to interpret user intent and serve content that most effectively meets that intent. User intent refers to what a person is looking for when they perform a search query, whether it’s informational, navigational, transactional, or something else.
AI-generated content, however, often lacks an understanding of user intent on a deeper level. AI tools are excellent at mimicking patterns but may miss the subtleties of a specific search query. For example, if a user searches for a “how-to guide on SEO,” Google will prioritize content that not only answers the question but also offers practical, step-by-step instructions and actionable insights.
AI-written content may generate a general article on SEO without addressing the specific needs of the user, thus not aligning with the user’s true intent. As a result, the content may not rank as well as content written by experts who understand the nuances of the topic.
5. Content Quality and Depth Matter
Google prioritizes high-quality content that provides comprehensive coverage of a topic. Content that is too shallow or lacks in-depth analysis is unlikely to rank well. While AI can produce content quickly, it doesn’t necessarily have the ability to provide deep, detailed, and well-researched articles that can surpass human-written content.
For instance, a well-researched, long-form blog post written by an expert in the field will likely have a better chance of ranking well because it will:
- Provide more detailed information
- Cite credible sources
- Include real-world examples, case studies, or expert opinions
AI, on the other hand, tends to generate content that is more generalized and lacks the human touch that adds real value to readers. Google’s algorithms are increasingly prioritizing E-A-T (Expertise, Authoritativeness, and Trustworthiness), and AI-generated content often falls short of meeting these criteria.
6. AI Content May Lack Engagement Signals
Google values user engagement signals such as click-through rates (CTR), time spent on page, and social shares. These signals indicate to Google that users find the content valuable and relevant to their search query. AI-generated content, particularly when produced at scale, may not have the same level of user engagement as human-written content because it often lacks a personal connection or emotional appeal.
Without human involvement in the content creation process, AI may fail to engage readers in a meaningful way, which could negatively impact its performance on Google. Engagement signals, such as comments, likes, and shares, are harder to generate for AI-written content, which in turn affects its ranking potential.
7. SEO and Keyword Optimization Limitations
While AI tools can help with keyword research and can suggest ways to optimize content for search engines, they still have limitations in understanding SEO best practices as well as the contextual use of keywords. Google uses a sophisticated algorithm to assess how keywords are integrated into the content, and this includes semantic relevance and how naturally they are incorporated.
AI tools typically focus on ensuring that certain keywords are included in the text, but they may not always use them in a way that fits the natural flow of the content. Overuse or unnatural use of keywords, often referred to as keyword stuffing, is a practice that can actually harm your rankings.
SEO is not just about including keywords but also about optimizing for things like:
- Search Intent: Understanding whether the query is informational, transactional, etc.
- Content Structure: Using headers, bullet points, and proper formatting.
- Internal Linking: Linking to other relevant articles on your site.
- External Links: Citing high-authority sources to build trustworthiness.
AI content generators may miss these nuanced SEO strategies, making it less effective for ranking high on Google.
8. Google’s Focus on User Experience (UX)
Google’s ranking algorithms have increasingly prioritized user experience (UX) factors such as page load speed, mobile-friendliness, and overall design. While AI can generate content, it does not have the capability to optimize these other essential aspects of your website’s user experience.
For example, Google’s Core Web Vitals assess how users experience a webpage, including load times, interactivity, and visual stability. AI-generated content can help with the text, but it can’t optimize site performance, visual elements, or design. If the overall user experience is subpar, it’s likely that Google won’t rank the content highly, no matter how well-written it is.
9. Google’s Use of AI to Detect AI-Generated Content
Interestingly, Google itself is using AI to detect and evaluate content. While Google has not explicitly stated that it penalizes AI-generated content, it’s known that its algorithms are sophisticated enough to distinguish between content written by humans and content generated by machines.
Google’s AI-based models can analyze patterns and determine whether content is likely to have been generated automatically or written by a human. If Google determines that content was produced primarily by AI, it may assign a lower ranking, especially if it doesn’t meet the quality, originality, and relevance standards that Google expects.
10. Best Practices for AI-Generated Content
Despite these challenges, AI-generated content can still rank well on Google if it’s used correctly. Here are some best practices to improve the chances of AI content ranking:
- Add Human Editing and Insight: Use AI to generate content, but always have a human editor refine it, add value, and ensure it aligns with the latest SEO best practices.
- Focus on User Intent: Ensure that AI-generated content is tailored to meet the user’s search intent and provides answers to their questions.
- Ensure Quality and Depth: Avoid shallow content. AI can be used to generate initial drafts, but add more depth, research, and expert opinions.
- Use SEO Best Practices: Optimize content for both search engines and readers, including the proper use of keywords, content structure, and internal/external linking.
- Maintain Uniqueness: Strive to make AI-generated content as unique and original as possible to avoid duplicate content issues.
Conclusion
AI-generated content offers significant potential for content creation at scale, but it is not a magic bullet for ranking well on Google. To truly succeed with AI content, one must understand and work within the constraints of Google’s algorithms and focus on creating content that adds real value to users. By refining AI-generated content through human insight, research, and effective SEO practices, it is possible to improve its performance on Google and rank higher in search results.
The key is balancing the speed and scalability of AI with the depth, quality, and user experience that Google demands from top-ranking content. With the right strategy, AI-generated content can complement human-driven content and contribute to improved SEO performance.
MINECRAFT
Minecraft, released in 2011 by Mojang, has become one of the most successful and influential video games in history. With its simple yet deep gameplay, Minecraft allows players to explore, build, and survive in a blocky, procedurally generated world. Over the years, the game has evolved and continues to captivate players of all ages, making it a global phenomenon. Here’s a detailed look at what makes Minecraft so special and why it remains so popular.
1. Endless Creativity
At its core, Minecraft is a sandbox game that encourages creativity. Players can mine resources like wood, stone, and ore to craft items and tools. These resources can then be used to build anything from simple houses to intricate cities, massive castles, or even entire replicas of real-world landmarks. The only limit is the player’s imagination, making the game especially appealing to those who love to create.
2. Survival Mode and Exploration
While Minecraft is known for its creative mode, it also features a challenging Survival Mode, where players must gather resources, fight off enemies, and manage their hunger and health. The world is vast, and players can explore biomes like forests, deserts, oceans, and snowy mountains. With each new environment offering different resources and challenges, exploration is a key part of the game’s appeal. The constant need to survive, craft, and build keeps players engaged for hours.
3. Multiplayer Experience
Minecraft’s multiplayer mode allows players to connect with friends or strangers, collaborate, and share their creations. Whether on a private server or a public one, players can join forces to tackle challenges or simply build together. The ability to host your own server means that the game has an added social aspect, where players can create communities, share ideas, and compete in mini-games or large-scale projects.
4. Regular Updates and Expansions
Minecraft is constantly evolving with regular updates and content expansions. These updates introduce new blocks, items, mobs (creatures), and even entire mechanics that keep the game fresh and exciting. For example, the “Nether Update” expanded the game’s Nether dimension, adding new mobs and biomes, while the “Caves & Cliffs” update reworked underground exploration, making mining and crafting more rewarding.
5. Educational Benefits
In addition to being entertaining, Minecraft has also found a place in education. With the Minecraft: Education Edition, the game is used in schools worldwide to teach subjects like mathematics, history, and computer programming. The game’s open-ended nature makes it an excellent tool for fostering problem-solving skills, teamwork, and creativity. Students can build complex projects, simulate historical events, or even explore the physics of the real world in a fun, interactive way.
6. Cross-Platform Play
One of the features that has kept Minecraft at the forefront of gaming is its cross-platform play. Whether on PC, consoles, or mobile devices, players can connect to the same server and play together, making it accessible to a wide audience. This flexibility has helped Minecraft maintain its large, diverse community, as players can enjoy the game regardless of the device they own.
Conclusion
Minecraft is more than just a game; it’s a global platform for creativity, collaboration, and exploration. Whether you’re a solo player looking to craft your dream house or a team of friends embarking on a massive adventure, Minecraft offers endless possibilities. Its ability to engage players of all ages, from children to adults, and its constant evolution make it a timeless favorite in the gaming world.
MOST POPULAR GAMES
Most Popular Games: A Global Phenomenon
Video games have evolved from a niche hobby to a global cultural force, captivating millions of players worldwide. Whether played on consoles, PCs, or mobile devices, gaming offers a wide range of experiences that appeal to diverse audiences. Some games, however, have become iconic due to their massive player bases, critical acclaim, and cultural impact. Here are some of the most popular games that have captured the hearts and minds of gamers around the world.
1. Fortnite
Since its release in 2017, Fortnite has become a cultural phenomenon. Known for its battle royale mode, where 100 players compete to be the last one standing, Fortnite combines fast-paced combat with unique building mechanics. Its vibrant art style, regular content updates, and collaborations with pop culture icons have kept players engaged. Fortnite is also free-to-play, making it accessible to a global audience.
2. Minecraft
Minecraft is a sandbox game that allows players to build and explore vast blocky worlds. Released in 2011, it quickly gained popularity due to its open-ended gameplay, creative potential, and appeal to all age groups. With its simple mechanics, players can mine resources, build structures, and even create entire virtual worlds. Minecraft has become a cornerstone of gaming culture, with millions of active users and a thriving online community.
3. League of Legends
League of Legends (LoL) is one of the most popular multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) games in the world. Developed by Riot Games, LoL pits two teams of five players against each other, with each player controlling a unique character with distinct abilities. The game’s competitive nature, regular updates, and large esports scene have kept it a dominant force in the gaming world since its release in 2009.
4. PUBG (PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds)
PUBG is another title that popularized the battle royale genre. Released in 2017, it offers a more realistic, tactical approach to the genre, where players must scavenge for weapons, equipment, and vehicles to survive. PUBG was one of the first games to achieve mainstream success with battle royale gameplay, and its influence can still be seen in games like Fortnite and Apex Legends.
5. Call of Duty: Warzone
Call of Duty: Warzone is a free-to-play battle royale game that was released in 2020 as part of the Call of Duty franchise. It quickly gained popularity due to its fast-paced action, high-quality graphics, and integration with the larger Call of Duty ecosystem. Players fight in teams or solo to be the last one standing, using various weapons and strategies to outlast opponents.
6. Among Us
Among Us became a viral sensation in 2020, thanks to its simple yet engaging social deduction gameplay. In the game, players work together to complete tasks on a spaceship, while a few players are secretly “impostors” trying to sabotage the group. The game’s reliance on communication, strategy, and deception made it a hit, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic when people turned to online gaming for entertainment.
Conclusion
The popularity of these games showcases how gaming has become a global, shared experience, connecting people across countries and cultures. Whether through competitive play, cooperative teamwork, or creative expression, these games continue to dominate the industry, offering players endless hours of entertainment and community. With regular updates and evolving content, it’s clear that the appeal of these games will remain strong for years to come.
WHY SOCIAL MEDIA IS SO ADDICTIVE
In the digital age, social media platforms have become an inseparable part of daily life. From Facebook and Instagram to Twitter and TikTok, social media offers instant connectivity, entertainment, and information. But, despite its obvious benefits, social media also has a dark side. Many users find themselves spending more time on these platforms than they intended, often to the detriment of their mental health, productivity, and personal relationships. This phenomenon, where users are compulsively drawn to social media, can be best understood through a blend of psychological, technological, and social factors. This article delves into why social media is so addictive and explores the various elements that keep users coming back for more.
1. The Role of Dopamine: The Brain’s Reward System
At the heart of social media addiction lies the brain’s reward system, specifically the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reinforcement. When we engage with social media, whether it’s liking a post, receiving a notification, or getting a new follower, our brain releases a small burst of dopamine. This sensation of reward creates a positive feedback loop, encouraging us to engage with social media again and again in search of that next dopamine hit.
- Dopamine and Variable Rewards: One of the key reasons social media is so addictive is that it operates on a principle known as “variable rewards.” This concept is borrowed from behavioral psychology, and it explains how unpredictable rewards are particularly compelling. In social media, you never know exactly when you will receive a notification or get a like or comment on a post. This uncertainty makes the process more engaging because, like gambling, you’re always hoping for that next big “win.”
- The Instant Gratification Factor: Social media platforms are designed to provide instant rewards. This creates a powerful motivation for users to keep checking their feeds, posts, and notifications. The need for immediate gratification aligns perfectly with the brain’s desire for quick rewards, making it even more difficult to put the device down.
2. The Fear of Missing Out (FOMO)
FOMO is another psychological factor that drives social media addiction. The term refers to the anxiety people feel when they perceive that others are having more exciting, interesting, or fulfilling experiences. Social media exacerbates this fear by presenting an idealized version of reality where people’s lives seem more fun, glamorous, or successful. This constant stream of curated content can make individuals feel left out or inadequate if they are not actively participating.
- Comparison and Self-Esteem: Social media fosters an environment of comparison, where users constantly measure their own lives against the highlights of others. This can lead to feelings of inferiority, jealousy, and low self-esteem. To combat these negative emotions, users may spend more time on social media, seeking validation in the form of likes, comments, or followers. This cycle perpetuates addiction as individuals look for affirmation to boost their self-worth.
- Continuous Engagement: FOMO also compels people to constantly check their social media feeds, even when they have no specific reason to do so. This behavior becomes habitual, with users feeling the need to stay up-to-date on what others are doing, even if it’s not relevant to their own lives.
3. Social Validation and Social Identity
Humans have an inherent need for social connection and validation. Social media platforms amplify this desire by allowing users to connect with others and seek validation through likes, shares, comments, and followers. This validation reinforces the behavior of posting and interacting with content, creating a cycle of seeking approval and attention.
- Likes and Comments: Every like, share, and comment acts as a form of social currency. When we post something on social media, we are often looking for acknowledgment or approval from others. This feedback serves as positive reinforcement, making us more likely to post again in the future.
- Self-Presentation and Identity: Social media also allows users to craft and curate their online identities. This “social self” often reflects an idealized version of who they are, which can be validated by others. The more people engage with this version of ourselves, the more gratifying it becomes, feeding our desire for recognition and social validation.
4. Endless Scrolling: Infinite Content Consumption
Many social media platforms are designed to keep users engaged for as long as possible by offering an endless stream of content. This feature is called the “infinite scroll,” and it allows users to keep scrolling through their feed without ever encountering a definitive stopping point. This endless flow of content makes it hard for users to disengage, as there is always something new and interesting just a few scrolls away.
- The Paradox of Choice: With the sheer volume of content available on social media, users are often presented with endless choices. While this might seem empowering, it can actually lead to decision fatigue, making it harder to choose where to focus attention. This often results in mindless scrolling or browsing, a behavior that can extend users’ time on the platform without them even realizing it.
- Content Personalization: Social media algorithms are finely tuned to serve users content that aligns with their interests, preferences, and previous interactions. This hyper-targeted content makes it even harder to look away, as users are continually presented with material that they find engaging or entertaining. The more time you spend on social media, the better the platform gets at predicting what will keep you hooked, creating a highly personalized and addictive experience.
5. Notifications: The Triggering Mechanism
Notifications are another powerful tool that social media platforms use to keep users engaged. Whether it’s a like, a comment, or a new message, notifications trigger a response in the brain that makes users want to check their phones. The anticipation of something new, even something as small as a like or a new follower, can create a sense of urgency and excitement.
- Intermittent Reinforcement: Notifications often work in tandem with variable rewards. Not every notification is exciting, but when you receive one that is particularly rewarding, it reinforces the habit. This is similar to the intermittent reinforcement found in slot machines, where the unpredictability of rewards increases the desire to keep playing (or, in this case, checking social media).
- Social Pressure: On top of personal notifications, there is also the pressure to be responsive to messages, posts, or group chats, especially in the context of professional or social circles. This creates an additional layer of urgency and reinforces the need to constantly check social media to stay “in the loop.”
6. Social Media Algorithms: Designed to Keep You Hooked
The algorithms that drive social media platforms are designed to maximize user engagement. Platforms like Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and TikTok analyze user behavior to deliver personalized content that is most likely to elicit a response, whether that’s a like, share, comment, or click. These algorithms continually adapt to user preferences, making content more engaging, more targeted, and harder to resist.
- Predictive Algorithms: By tracking your likes, shares, and browsing history, social media algorithms predict the type of content you’ll engage with next. This predictive nature of the algorithms keeps the user engaged, as the next post or video is something the platform knows will appeal to you. This tailored experience makes it harder for users to step away because they are continuously presented with content that aligns with their interests.
- Viral Content: The viral nature of social media also plays a role in its addictive qualities. People are drawn to trending topics or viral content, hoping to be part of the conversation or to discover something new. This creates an endless loop of engagement, where users are constantly looking for the next viral sensation.
7. Escapism and Emotional Regulation
For many users, social media serves as a form of escapism. When faced with stress, anxiety, or negative emotions, people often turn to social media for comfort. Browsing through posts, videos, and memes can provide a temporary distraction from real-life problems, offering users a way to emotionally regulate in the short term.
- Coping Mechanism: Social media provides a temporary emotional boost, whether through the dopamine hit of likes and comments, or the comfort of seeing what friends or celebrities are doing. This emotional regulation reinforces the behavior, making users return to the platform whenever they feel down or stressed.
- A Sense of Control: On social media, users have control over what they see and how they present themselves. This sense of control can be comforting, especially for those who may feel overwhelmed in other areas of their lives. It’s a way to maintain a curated version of reality that can feel safer or more manageable than the real world.
Conclusion: The Social Media Trap
Social media is designed to be engaging and rewarding, exploiting psychological triggers like dopamine, FOMO, and social validation to keep users hooked. The infinite stream of personalized content, the unpredictable rewards, and the constant notifications all combine to create an addictive experience. While social media offers numerous benefits, from staying connected with loved ones to discovering new information, it’s crucial for users to be mindful of how much time they spend on these platforms and the potential negative effects on mental health and productivity. Recognizing the addictive nature of social media is the first step toward using it more consciously and maintaining a healthy balance in life.
BUILDING SAAS APPLICATION USING HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT
CONFIDENCE IN CONFLICT COMPLETE BOOK SUMMARY
“Confidence in Conflict” by Craig Helmstadter is a guide for individuals who want to approach conflict in a more constructive and confident manner. The book provides strategies for navigating interpersonal conflicts in personal and professional settings. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining a positive and calm demeanor during disagreements and how to turn confrontational situations into opportunities for growth and better understanding.
Key Themes and Takeaways:
- Understanding Conflict:
- The book begins by explaining what conflict is and why it occurs. Helmstadter discusses how differences in values, beliefs, goals, and perceptions can lead to conflict. He stresses that conflict is not inherently negative, but often a natural outcome of human interaction.
- The Role of Confidence:
- Confidence plays a central role in the book. Helmstadter argues that confidence doesn’t mean dominating or being aggressive, but rather maintaining a sense of self-assurance and emotional control. By being confident, you can engage in conflicts without becoming overwhelmed or defensive.
- Confidence in conflict allows you to stay calm, listen actively, and articulate your thoughts clearly without becoming reactive.
- Emotional Regulation:
- One of the key strategies in the book is managing your emotions during conflict. Helmstadter explains that staying emotionally grounded during tense situations is crucial. If you can keep your emotions in check, you’ll be able to think more clearly and respond in a more measured way.
- He also emphasizes the importance of recognizing and understanding your emotional triggers. By acknowledging your emotions before they escalate, you can avoid reacting impulsively.
- Active Listening:
- Active listening is highlighted as one of the most important conflict resolution tools. Helmstadter explains that in order to resolve conflicts effectively, it’s vital to listen not only to the words being spoken but also to the underlying emotions and needs.
- Listening with empathy helps to de-escalate tension, fosters understanding, and shows the other party that you value their perspective.
- Assertiveness Without Aggression:
- Helmstadter introduces the idea of assertiveness, which is distinct from aggression. Being assertive means expressing your opinions and needs openly and directly, but in a way that respects others’ opinions and boundaries. Assertiveness helps you avoid being passive or submissive in conflict while maintaining respect and fairness.
- The book provides practical tips on how to assert yourself without appearing hostile or confrontational.
- Seeking Win-Win Solutions:
- A central principle of the book is the pursuit of win-win solutions during conflict. Helmstadter advises against viewing conflict as a zero-sum game where one person must “win” and the other “lose.” Instead, he encourages finding solutions that address both parties’ needs, which can lead to better long-term outcomes.
- This requires flexibility and a willingness to compromise. By focusing on collaboration and mutual respect, you can find resolutions that benefit everyone involved.
- Creating Boundaries:
- Setting boundaries is another important element of conflict resolution. Helmstadter discusses how setting healthy personal boundaries ensures that you do not allow others to overstep or take advantage of you. By being clear about your limits, you can avoid unnecessary conflict and maintain respectful interactions.
- Handling Difficult People:
- The book provides strategies for dealing with people who are difficult or combative. Helmstadter offers tips on how to maintain composure when dealing with someone who is angry, manipulative, or overly passive. He encourages staying calm, being assertive, and maintaining focus on the issue at hand, rather than getting caught up in personal attacks or emotional manipulation.
- Conflict Resolution Models:
- Helmstadter offers several conflict resolution models and frameworks that can help you approach conflict in a structured and systematic way. These models include steps like identifying the issue, exploring options, and agreeing on a resolution. These frameworks are useful tools for navigating conflicts in a way that ensures clarity and fairness.
- Practical Exercises:
- Throughout the book, Helmstadter provides exercises and tips that readers can practice in real-life situations. These exercises are designed to help build emotional intelligence, improve communication skills, and develop confidence in handling conflict.
Conclusion:
Confidence in Conflict is a comprehensive guide for individuals who want to improve their conflict resolution skills. It teaches how to approach conflict with confidence, emotional intelligence, and a constructive mindset. By focusing on active listening, assertiveness, empathy, and win-win solutions, individuals can transform conflicts into opportunities for growth and improved relationships.
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR SAAS APPLICATION
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Advanced SaaS App</title>
<style>
/* Basic Styles */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f4f4f9;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
header {
background-color: #333;
color: white;
text-align: center;
padding: 1em 0;
font-size: 1.5em;
}
footer {
text-align: center;
padding: 1em 0;
background-color: #333;
color: white;
}
.container {
width: 100%;
max-width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 20px;
}
.hidden {
display: none;
}
.emoji {
font-size: 2em;
}
button {
background-color: #4CAF50;
color: white;
padding: 10px 20px;
border: none;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 1em;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #45a049;
}
input, select {
padding: 10px;
margin: 10px 0;
font-size: 1em;
width: 100%;
}
.emoji-buttons button {
font-size: 2em;
margin: 5px;
}
.notification {
background-color: #ffeb3b;
padding: 10px;
border-radius: 5px;
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 1.2em;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<header>
Advanced SaaS Application <span class="emoji">🚀</span>
</header>
<div class="container">
<!-- Login Section -->
<div id="login" class="hidden">
<h2>Login</h2>
<form id="loginForm">
<input type="text" placeholder="Username" required>
<input type="password" placeholder="Password" required>
<button type="submit">Login <span class="emoji">🔑</span></button>
</form>
<p>Don't have an account? <span class="emoji">🖊️</span> <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="showSection('signup')">Sign Up</a></p>
</div>
<!-- Sign Up Section -->
<div id="signup" class="hidden">
<h2>Sign Up</h2>
<form id="signupForm">
<input type="text" placeholder="Username" required>
<input type="email" placeholder="Email" required>
<input type="password" placeholder="Password" required>
<button type="submit">Sign Up <span class="emoji">📝</span></button>
</form>
<p>Already have an account? <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="showSection('login')">Login</a></p>
</div>
<!-- Forgot Password Section -->
<div id="forgotPassword" class="hidden">
<h2>Reset Password</h2>
<form id="resetPasswordForm">
<input type="email" placeholder="Enter your email" required>
<button type="submit">Send Reset Link <span class="emoji">📧</span></button>
</form>
<p>Remembered your password? <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="showSection('login')">Login</a></p>
</div>
<!-- Dashboard Section -->
<div id="dashboard" class="hidden">
<h2>Welcome, <span id="userName">User</span>! <span class="emoji">🎉</span></h2>
<p>Current Subscription: <span id="subscriptionStatus">Not Subscribed</span> <span class="emoji">💳</span></p>
<div class="notification">
<span class="emoji">🔔</span> You have new updates!
</div>
<h3>Your Activity <span class="emoji">📊</span></h3>
<ul id="activityLog">
<!-- Populated dynamically -->
</ul>
<h3>Give Feedback <span class="emoji">💬</span></h3>
<form id="feedbackForm">
<textarea placeholder="Your feedback" required></textarea>
<div class="emoji-buttons">
<button type="button" onclick="addEmoji('😀')">😀</button>
<button type="button" onclick="addEmoji('😍')">😍</button>
<button type="button" onclick="addEmoji('😎')">😎</button>
<button type="button" onclick="addEmoji('😢')">😢</button>
</div>
<button type="submit">Submit Feedback</button>
</form>
<h3>Invoice Section <span class="emoji">💵</span></h3>
<form id="invoiceForm">
<input type="text" id="invoiceName" placeholder="Client Name" required>
<input type="email" id="invoiceEmail" placeholder="Client Email" required>
<select id="invoicePlan">
<option value="Basic">Basic Plan - $10</option>
<option value="Standard">Standard Plan - $20</option>
<option value="Premium">Premium Plan - $30</option>
</select>
<button type="submit">Generate Invoice <span class="emoji">🧾</span></button>
</form>
<h3>Generated Invoice:</h3>
<ul id="invoiceDetails">
<!-- Populated dynamically -->
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<footer>
<p>© 2024 Advanced SaaS App <span class="emoji">🌍</span></p>
</footer>
<script>
// Function to show sections
function showSection(id) {
const sections = document.querySelectorAll('.container > div');
sections.forEach((section) => section.classList.add('hidden'));
document.getElementById(id).classList.remove('hidden');
}
// Add emoji to feedback textarea
function addEmoji(emoji) {
const feedbackText = document.querySelector('#feedbackForm textarea');
feedbackText.value += emoji;
}
// Handling login
document.getElementById('loginForm').addEventListener('submit', function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
alert('Login Successful!');
showSection('dashboard');
});
// Handling signup
document.getElementById('signupForm').addEventListener('submit', function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
alert('Sign Up Successful!');
showSection('login');
});
// Handling password reset
document.getElementById('resetPasswordForm').addEventListener('submit', function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
alert('Password Reset Link Sent!');
showSection('login');
});
// Handling feedback submission
document.getElementById('feedbackForm').addEventListener('submit', function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
alert('Thank you for your feedback! <span class="emoji">❤️</span>');
});
// Handling invoice generation
document.getElementById('invoiceForm').addEventListener('submit', function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
const clientName = document.getElementById('invoiceName').value;
const clientEmail = document.getElementById('invoiceEmail').value;
const plan = document.getElementById('invoicePlan').value;
const invoiceDetails = `
<li>Client Name: ${clientName} <span class="emoji">👤</span></li>
<li>Client Email: ${clientEmail} <span class="emoji">📧</span></li>
<li>Plan: ${plan} <span class="emoji">💳</span></li>
`;
document.getElementById('invoiceDetails').innerHTML = invoiceDetails;
});
// Simulating activity log in the dashboard
const activities = ['Logged in', 'Updated profile', 'Generated invoice'];
const activityLog = document.getElementById('activityLog');
activities.forEach((activity) => {
const li = document.createElement('li');
li.textContent = activity;
activityLog.appendChild(li);
});
// Start by showing login page
showSection('login');
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR FOOTER MENU
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Enhanced Footer Menu</title>
<style>
/* Reset CSS */
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background: #f4f4f4;
}
/* Footer Styles */
.footer {
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #333, #444);
color: #fff;
padding: 50px 20px;
text-align: center;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
.footer h3 {
margin-bottom: 20px;
font-size: 22px;
position: relative;
font-weight: bold;
color: #FFD700;
}
.footer p {
margin-bottom: 10px;
font-size: 16px;
}
.footer .footer-section {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
margin-bottom: 30px;
opacity: 0;
animation: fadeIn 1.5s ease forwards;
}
.footer .footer-section:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 0.2s; }
.footer .footer-section:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.4s; }
.footer .footer-section:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 0.6s; }
.footer .footer-section:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: 0.8s; }
.footer .footer-section a {
color: #bbb;
text-decoration: none;
margin: 5px 0;
font-size: 18px;
}
.footer .footer-section a:hover {
color: #FFD700;
transform: scale(1.1);
transition: color 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
}
/* Footer Links Grid */
.footer .footer-content {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-around;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.footer .footer-content > div {
flex: 1 1 220px;
margin: 10px;
padding: 10px;
}
/* Social Icons */
.footer .social-icons {
margin-top: 20px;
animation: bounceIn 1s ease-in-out;
}
.footer .social-icons a {
color: #FFD700;
font-size: 24px;
margin: 0 15px;
text-decoration: none;
transition: transform 0.3s, color 0.3s;
display: inline-block;
}
.footer .social-icons a:hover {
transform: rotate(360deg) scale(1.2);
color: #fff;
}
/* Emoji Bullets */
.footer .footer-section li::before {
content: '⭐ ';
}
.footer .footer-section ul {
list-style: none;
text-align: left;
font-size: 16px;
}
/* Scroll to Top Button */
#scrollToTop {
position: fixed;
bottom: 20px;
right: 20px;
padding: 10px 15px;
font-size: 24px;
color: #fff;
background: #333;
border: none;
border-radius: 50%;
cursor: pointer;
display: none;
animation: bounce 2s infinite alternate;
transition: background 0.3s;
}
#scrollToTop:hover {
background: #FFD700;
}
/* Keyframes for Animations */
@keyframes fadeIn {
0% { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
100% { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
@keyframes bounceIn {
0%, 100% { transform: translateY(-10px); }
50% { transform: translateY(0); }
}
@keyframes bounce {
0% { transform: translateY(0); }
50% { transform: translateY(-15px); }
100% { transform: translateY(0); }
}
/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 600px) {
.footer .footer-content {
flex-direction: column;
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Footer Menu -->
<div class="footer">
<div class="footer-content">
<!-- About Us Section -->
<div class="footer-section about">
<h3>About Us 🎉</h3>
<p>We are a company dedicated to providing top-quality products and services. Our mission is to deliver excellence with every interaction. 💪</p>
</div>
<!-- Services Section -->
<div class="footer-section services">
<h3>Services 💼</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="#">Web Design 🌐</a></li>
<li><a href="#">App Development 📱</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Marketing 📈</a></li>
<li><a href="#">SEO Services 🔍</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- Quick Links Section -->
<div class="footer-section quick-links">
<h3>Quick Links 🔗</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="#">Home 🏠</a></li>
<li><a href="#">About 👥</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Contact 📞</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Privacy Policy 📜</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- Contact Us Section -->
<div class="footer-section contact-us">
<h3>Contact Us 📞</h3>
<p>Phone: 📱 +1 (234) 567-890</p>
<p>Email: 📧 info@example.com</p>
<p>Address: 🏢 123 Street, City, Country</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Social Icons -->
<div class="social-icons">
<a href="#" title="Facebook">🔵</a>
<a href="#" title="Twitter">🐦</a>
<a href="#" title="Instagram">📸</a>
<a href="#" title="LinkedIn">🔗</a>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Scroll to Top Button -->
<button id="scrollToTop" title="Scroll to top">⬆️</button>
<!-- JavaScript for Scroll to Top Button -->
<script>
// Show/Hide scroll to top button
window.onscroll = function() {
const scrollToTop = document.getElementById("scrollToTop");
if (document.body.scrollTop > 100 || document.documentElement.scrollTop > 100) {
scrollToTop.style.display = "block";
} else {
scrollToTop.style.display = "none";
}
};
// Scroll to top when button is clicked
document.getElementById("scrollToTop").onclick = function() {
window.scrollTo({ top: 0, behavior: 'smooth' });
};
</script>
</body>
</html>
“Donald Trump Declares ‘Magnificent Victory’ as He Eyes 47th Presidency
Donald Trump poised to become the 47th President of the United States, he declared it a “magnificent victory for the American people” during a speech to supporters in Palm Beach, Florida. As of now, Trump has secured 266 electoral votes, just four shy of the 270 needed for victory.In his address, Trump asserted that his upcoming term would usher in a “golden age” for America. He emphasized, “This is a tremendous win for the American people, allowing us to make America great again.”As celebrations erupted among his supporters, the atmosphere contrasted sharply with that of Vice President Kamala Harris’s camp, where she canceled her planned speech at Howard University amid dwindling prospects for her campaign. Trump’s recent victories in key swing states—North Carolina, Georgia, and Pennsylvania—have significantly strengthened his position in the election race
TikTok Officially Registered in Nepal
TikTok has officially registered in Nepal, with the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology confirming its first-ever social media registration under new regulations. TikTok completed its registration before the Tihar festival but obtained the certificate afterward. Now registered, TikTok aims to assist in cybercrime investigations, comply with Nepali laws, and support digital literacy and tourism promotion efforts.
DOLAND TRUMP GOT ELECTED IN ELECTION 2024
Former U.S. President Donald Trump has reportedly won the 2024 presidential election, securing 279 electoral votes, surpassing the 270 needed to win. Vice President Kamala Harris trails with 223 electoral votes, with vote counting still in progress. However, an official declaration of Trump’s victory is pending.
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR CALORIE BURN CALCULATOR
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Calorie Burn Calculator</title>
<style>
/* Global Reset */
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
}
/* Body and Background Animation */
body {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffb3ba, #ffdfba);
background-size: 400% 400%;
animation: backgroundAnimate 10s infinite alternate;
transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
color: #333;
overflow-y: auto;
}
@keyframes backgroundAnimate {
0% { background-position: 0% 50%; }
100% { background-position: 100% 50%; }
}
/* Calculator Container Styling */
.calculator-container {
background-color: #fff;
padding: 2rem;
box-shadow: 0px 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
border-radius: 20px;
max-width: 600px;
text-align: center;
position: relative;
transform: scale(1);
transition: transform 0.3s ease;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 1rem;
border: 3px solid #ff6f61;
}
.calculator-container:hover {
transform: scale(1.03);
}
/* Logo */
.logo {
width: 100px;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
/* Title */
h1 {
font-size: 2.2rem;
color: #444;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
label {
display: block;
font-weight: bold;
color: #555;
margin: 0.8rem 0 0.3rem;
}
/* Input and Button Styling */
input, select, button {
width: 100%;
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
border-radius: 8px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
font-size: 1rem;
}
button {
background-color: #ff6f61;
color: #fff;
font-weight: bold;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
border: none;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #ff4a3d;
}
/* Result Section */
#result {
margin-top: 1.5rem;
font-size: 1.2rem;
color: #333;
padding: 0.5rem;
border-radius: 8px;
background-color: #f8f9fa;
display: none;
animation: slideIn 0.5s ease forwards;
}
.result-success {
color: #28a745;
}
.result-error {
color: #dc3545;
}
@keyframes slideIn {
0% { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(30px); }
100% { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
/* Dark Mode Toggle */
.dark-mode-toggle {
position: absolute;
top: 10px;
right: 10px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 1.5rem;
color: #ff6f61;
}
/* Health Tips Section */
.health-tips {
font-size: 1rem;
color: #555;
padding-top: 0.5rem;
}
/* History Section */
.history {
margin-top: 1rem;
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: #444;
border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
padding-top: 0.5rem;
}
/* Chart Container */
.chart-container {
width: 100%;
height: 200px;
margin-top: 1rem;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="calculator-container">
<!-- Dark Mode Toggle -->
<span class="dark-mode-toggle" onclick="toggleDarkMode()">🌙</span>
<!-- Logo -->
<img src="https://via.placeholder.com/100" alt="Logo" class="logo">
<h1>Calorie Burn Calculator 🔥</h1>
<form id="calorieForm">
<!-- Weight Input -->
<label for="weight">Weight (kg) 🏋️♂️:</label>
<input type="number" id="weight" placeholder="Enter your weight" required>
<!-- Duration Input -->
<label for="duration">Duration (minutes) ⏱️:</label>
<input type="number" id="duration" placeholder="Enter duration of activity" required>
<!-- Intensity Selector with Tooltip -->
<label for="intensity">Intensity Level 💪:</label>
<select id="intensity" title="Select activity intensity level">
<option value="6">Light (e.g., walking) 🐢</option>
<option value="8">Moderate (e.g., cycling, dancing) 🚴♀️</option>
<option value="10">High (e.g., running, swimming) 🏃♂️</option>
</select>
<!-- Calculate and Clear Buttons -->
<button type="button" onclick="calculateCalories()">Calculate</button>
<button type="button" onclick="clearForm()" style="background-color: #dc3545; color: #fff;">Clear</button>
</form>
<!-- Result Display -->
<div id="result"></div>
<!-- Health Tips Display -->
<div class="health-tips" id="healthTips"></div>
<!-- History Display -->
<div class="history" id="history"></div>
<!-- Chart Display -->
<div class="chart-container" id="chartContainer"></div>
</div>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chart.js"></script>
<script>
// Chart Setup
const ctx = document.getElementById('chartContainer').getContext('2d');
let calorieChart = new Chart(ctx, {
type: 'bar',
data: {
labels: [],
datasets: [{
label: 'Calories Burned',
data: [],
backgroundColor: ['#ff6f61', '#ff8f61', '#ffaf61']
}]
},
options: {
responsive: true,
maintainAspectRatio: false
}
});
// Dark Mode Toggle
function toggleDarkMode() {
document.body.classList.toggle("dark-mode");
document.body.style.background = document.body.classList.contains("dark-mode")
? "linear-gradient(135deg, #1a2a6c, #b21f1f)"
: "linear-gradient(135deg, #ffb3ba, #ffdfba)";
}
// Calculate Calories
function calculateCalories() {
const weight = parseFloat(document.getElementById('weight').value);
const duration = parseFloat(document.getElementById('duration').value);
const intensity = parseFloat(document.getElementById('intensity').value);
const resultDiv = document.getElementById('result');
const historyDiv = document.getElementById('history');
const healthTipsDiv = document.getElementById('healthTips');
if (weight > 0 && duration > 0) {
const caloriesBurned = (intensity * weight * (duration / 60)).toFixed(2);
resultDiv.className = "result-success";
resultDiv.innerHTML = `Calories Burned: <strong>${caloriesBurned} kcal</strong> 🎉`;
resultDiv.style.display = "block";
// Add to chart
calorieChart.data.labels.push(`Activity ${calorieChart.data.labels.length + 1}`);
calorieChart.data.datasets[0].data.push(caloriesBurned);
calorieChart.update();
// Update health tips
healthTipsDiv.innerHTML = caloriesBurned > 200
? "Awesome job! Keep it up! 🥇"
: "Great start! Try increasing intensity. 💪";
// Update history
historyDiv.innerHTML += `<p>Activity: ${caloriesBurned} kcal burned</p>`;
} else {
resultDiv.className = "result-error";
resultDiv.innerHTML = "Please enter valid weight and duration.";
resultDiv.style.display = "block";
}
}
// Clear Form
function clearForm() {
document.getElementById('weight').value = '';
document.getElementById('duration').value = '';
document.getElementById('intensity').value = '6';
document.getElementById('result').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('healthTips').innerHTML = '';
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR FOOTBALL GAME
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>⚽ Football Penalty Shootout Game ⚽</title>
<style>
/* General styling for the game */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #004d00;
color: white;
text-align: center;
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0;
}
#game-container {
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
background: url('stadium.jpg') center/cover no-repeat;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
#goalkeeper {
width: 80px;
height: 80px;
background-color: red;
border-radius: 50%;
position: absolute;
top: 25%;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, 0);
transition: left 0.3s ease;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-size: 2em;
}
#ball {
width: 50px;
height: 50px;
background-color: white;
border-radius: 50%;
position: absolute;
bottom: 15%;
left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
cursor: pointer;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-size: 1.5em;
}
#scoreboard {
position: absolute;
top: 10px;
left: 10px;
font-size: 1.2em;
}
.button {
padding: 10px 20px;
margin: 10px;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #28a745;
color: white;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 16px;
}
/* Trajectory line */
#trajectory-line {
position: absolute;
width: 2px;
background-color: yellow;
display: none;
}
#goal-message {
font-size: 2em;
color: yellow;
display: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="game-container">
<div id="scoreboard">
<p>Player: <span id="playerName">Player 1</span> ⚽</p>
<p>Goals: <span id="goals">0</span> 🥅</p>
<p>Attempts Left: <span id="attempts">5</span> 🔄</p>
</div>
<div id="goalkeeper">🧤</div>
<div id="ball">⚽</div>
<button id="startGame" class="button">Start Game 🎮</button>
<div id="goal-message"></div>
<div id="trajectory-line"></div>
</div>
<script>
let goals = 0;
let attempts = 5;
let gameStarted = false;
let dragging = false;
const goalkeeper = document.getElementById('goalkeeper');
const ball = document.getElementById('ball');
const goalsDisplay = document.getElementById('goals');
const attemptsDisplay = document.getElementById('attempts');
const playerNameDisplay = document.getElementById('playerName');
const goalMessage = document.getElementById('goal-message');
const trajectoryLine = document.getElementById('trajectory-line');
function moveGoalkeeper() {
const randomPosition = Math.random() * 60 + 20; // Move within 20% to 80% width
goalkeeper.style.left = `${randomPosition}%`;
setTimeout(moveGoalkeeper, 2000);
}
function displayMessage(text, color) {
goalMessage.style.color = color;
goalMessage.textContent = text;
goalMessage.style.display = 'block';
setTimeout(() => {
goalMessage.style.display = 'none';
}, 1000);
}
function playSound(type) {
const sound = new Audio(type === 'goal' ? 'goal.mp3' : 'miss.mp3');
sound.play();
}
function shootBall(shotPower, shotAngle) {
if (attempts > 0 && gameStarted) {
attempts--;
attemptsDisplay.textContent = attempts;
const goalkeeperPosition = parseFloat(goalkeeper.style.left);
if (shotPower > 30 && shotPower < 70 && Math.abs(shotAngle - goalkeeperPosition) > 10) {
goals++;
goalsDisplay.textContent = goals;
displayMessage("GOAL! 🎉", "yellow");
playSound('goal');
} else {
displayMessage("Miss! ❌", "red");
playSound('miss');
}
if (attempts === 0) {
endGame();
}
}
}
function endGame() {
alert(`Game over! You scored ${goals} goals. ⚽`);
gameStarted = false;
attempts = 5;
goals = 0;
attemptsDisplay.textContent = attempts;
goalsDisplay.textContent = goals;
}
document.getElementById('startGame').onclick = function () {
gameStarted = true;
attempts = 5;
goals = 0;
attemptsDisplay.textContent = attempts;
goalsDisplay.textContent = goals;
moveGoalkeeper();
alert("Game Started! Try to score as many goals as you can! ⚽");
};
let startX, startY;
// Mouse events for dragging and shooting
ball.onmousedown = function (e) {
dragging = true;
startX = e.clientX;
startY = e.clientY;
trajectoryLine.style.display = 'block';
trajectoryLine.style.height = '0';
trajectoryLine.style.left = `${startX}px`;
trajectoryLine.style.top = `${startY}px`;
};
document.onmousemove = function (e) {
if (dragging) {
const currentX = e.clientX;
const currentY = e.clientY;
// Set trajectory line position and length
const deltaX = currentX - startX;
const deltaY = currentY - startY;
const angle = Math.atan2(deltaY, deltaX) * (180 / Math.PI);
const distance = Math.sqrt(deltaX * deltaX + deltaY * deltaY);
trajectoryLine.style.transform = `rotate(${angle}deg)`;
trajectoryLine.style.height = `${distance}px`;
}
};
document.onmouseup = function (e) {
if (dragging) {
dragging = false;
trajectoryLine.style.display = 'none';
const endX = e.clientX;
const endY = e.clientY;
// Calculate shot strength and angle
const shotPower = Math.min(100, Math.sqrt((endX - startX) ** 2 + (endY - startY) ** 2) / 2);
const shotAngle = (endX / window.innerWidth) * 100;
shootBall(shotPower, shotAngle);
}
};
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR NAVIGATION BAR
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Modern Enhanced Sidebar Navigation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.0.0-beta3/css/all.min.css">
<style>
/* General body styling */
body {
font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
display: flex;
height: 100vh;
background-color: #f4f4f4;
transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}
/* Sidebar styling */
.navbar {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
position: fixed;
right: -300px; /* Initially hidden */
top: 0;
height: 100%;
width: 300px;
background-color: #2C3E50;
border-radius: 0 0 10px 0;
padding: 20px;
box-shadow: -4px 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
transition: right 0.3s ease;
z-index: 1000;
overflow-y: auto; /* Scrollable if content overflows */
}
/* Profile section in the sidebar */
.profile {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 20px;
color: white;
}
.profile img {
border-radius: 50%;
width: 80px;
height: 80px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
border: 3px solid #2980B9; /* Border for profile image */
}
/* Navbar link styling */
.navbar a {
text-decoration: none;
color: white;
text-align: left;
padding: 15px 20px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
border-radius: 8px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
transition: background 0.3s, transform 0.2s;
font-size: 16px; /* Increased font size */
}
.navbar a:hover {
background-color: #34495E;
transform: translateX(5px);
}
/* Active link styling */
.navbar a.active {
background-color: #2980B9;
}
/* Icon styling */
.navbar i {
font-size: 20px;
margin-right: 15px;
}
/* Section styling */
section {
flex: 1;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
font-size: 24px;
font-weight: bold;
padding: 40px;
transition: background-color 0.3s;
border-radius: 10px; /* Rounded corners for sections */
}
#home { background-color: #ffdddd; }
#services { background-color: #ddffdd; }
#about { background-color: #ddddff; }
#contact { background-color: #ffe5b4; }
#faq { background-color: #d0e0f0; }
#testimonials { background-color: #f0e0d0; }
#blog { background-color: #e0f0d0; }
/* Content cards styling */
.card {
background: white;
border-radius: 10px;
padding: 20px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
transition: transform 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;
margin: 20px;
width: 300px;
text-align: center;
}
.card img {
border-radius: 10px;
width: 100%;
height: auto; /* Responsive image */
}
.card:hover {
transform: translateY(-5px);
box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
/* Button styling */
.toggle-button, .theme-toggle, .back-to-top {
position: fixed;
background-color: #2980B9;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 10px 15px;
cursor: pointer;
z-index: 1001;
transition: background-color 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
}
.toggle-button:hover, .theme-toggle:hover, .back-to-top:hover {
background-color: #1A5276;
transform: scale(1.05); /* Slight scale effect on hover */
}
.toggle-button {
top: 20px;
right: 20px;
}
.theme-toggle {
top: 70px;
right: 20px;
}
.back-to-top {
bottom: 20px;
right: 20px;
display: none; /* Initially hidden */
}
/* Footer styling */
footer {
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
background-color: #2C3E50;
color: white;
text-align: center;
padding: 10px;
font-size: 14px;
z-index: 1000;
}
/* Search bar styling */
.search-bar {
margin: 20px 0;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
.search-bar input {
padding: 10px;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
width: 70%;
transition: width 0.3s ease;
}
.search-bar input:focus {
width: 90%;
outline: none;
box-shadow: 0 0 5px #2980B9;
}
/* Custom scrollbar */
.navbar::-webkit-scrollbar {
width: 8px;
}
.navbar::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
background-color: #2980B9;
border-radius: 10px;
}
.navbar::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
background-color: #1A5276;
}
/* Responsive styles */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.navbar {
width: 250px; /* Adjust width on smaller screens */
}
/* Make sidebar collapsible */
.navbar {
position: absolute;
right: -250px; /* Hide off-screen */
}
.navbar.open {
right: 0; /* Show sidebar */
}
/* Card styling adjustments */
.card {
width: 90%; /* Full width on smaller screens */
margin: 10px; /* Less margin */
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Profile Area -->
<div class="navbar" id="navbar" role="navigation" aria-label="Main Navigation">
<div class="profile">
<img src="https://via.placeholder.com/80" alt="Profile Picture">
<h4>User Name</h4>
<p>User Role</p>
</div>
<div class="search-bar">
<input type="text" id="search" placeholder="Search..." aria-label="Search">
</div>
<a href="#home" onclick="navigateTo('home')" class="nav-link" aria-label="Navigate to Home">
<i class="fas fa-home"></i> Home
</a>
<a href="#services" onclick="navigateTo('services')" class="nav-link" aria-label="Navigate to Services">
<i class="fas fa-concierge-bell"></i> Services
</a>
<a href="#about" onclick="navigateTo('about')" class="nav-link" aria-label="Navigate to About Us">
<i class="fas fa-info-circle"></i> About Us
</a>
<a href="#contact" onclick="navigateTo('contact')" class="nav-link" aria-label="Navigate to Contact">
<i class="fas fa-envelope"></i> Contact
</a>
<a href="#faq" onclick="navigateTo('faq')" class="nav-link" aria-label="Navigate to FAQ">
<i class="fas fa-question-circle"></i> FAQ
</a>
<a href="#testimonials" onclick="navigateTo('testimonials')" class="nav-link" aria-label="Navigate to Testimonials">
<i class="fas fa-star"></i> Testimonials
</a>
<a href="#blog" onclick="navigateTo('blog')" class="nav-link" aria-label="Navigate to Blog">
<i class="fas fa-blog"></i> Blog
</a>
</div>
<!-- Main Content Area -->
<div class="main-content">
<button class="toggle-button" onclick="toggleNavbar()">☰ Menu</button>
<button class="theme-toggle" onclick="toggleTheme()">Toggle Theme</button>
<button class="back-to-top" onclick="scrollToTop()">↑ Back to Top</button>
<section id="home">
<h1>Home Section</h1>
<p>Welcome to our modern sidebar navigation system.</p>
</section>
<section id="services">
<h1>Services Section</h1>
<div class="card">
<img src="https://via.placeholder.com/150" alt="Service Image">
<h3>Our Services</h3>
<p>Learn more about what we offer.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="about">
<h1>About Us Section</h1>
<div class="card">
<img src="https://via.placeholder.com/150" alt="About Image">
<h3>About Us</h3>
<p>Learn more about our mission and vision.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="contact">
<h1>Contact Us Section</h1>
<div class="card">
<img src="https://via.placeholder.com/150" alt="Contact Image">
<h3>Contact Us</h3>
<p>Get in touch with us.</p>
</div>
<form id="contact-form">
<label for="name">Name:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" name="name" required>
<label for="email">Email:</label>
<input type="email" id="email" name="email" required>
<label for="message">Message:</label>
<textarea id="message" name="message" required></textarea>
<button type="submit">Send Message</button>
</form>
</section>
<section id="faq">
<h1>FAQ Section</h1>
<p>Frequently Asked Questions</p>
<div class="card">
<h3>Question 1</h3>
<p>Answer to question 1...</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<h3>Question 2</h3>
<p>Answer to question 2...</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="testimonials">
<h1>Testimonials Section</h1>
<div class="card">
<h3>Customer Testimonial</h3>
<p>"Great service! Highly recommended."</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<h3>Another Testimonial</h3>
<p>"Fantastic experience from start to finish!"</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="blog">
<h1>Blog Section</h1>
<div class="card">
<h3>Blog Post Title</h3>
<p>Summary of the blog post...</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<h3>Another Blog Post Title</h3>
<p>Summary of another blog post...</p>
</div>
</section>
</div>
<!-- Footer -->
<footer>
© 2024 Modern Enhanced Sidebar Navigation. All rights reserved.
</footer>
<script>
// Function to toggle the sidebar
function toggleNavbar() {
const navbar = document.getElementById('navbar');
navbar.classList.toggle('open'); // Toggle the 'open' class
}
// Function to toggle between dark and light themes
function toggleTheme() {
const body = document.body;
body.classList.toggle('dark-mode');
body.style.backgroundColor = body.classList.contains('dark-mode') ? '#333' : '#f4f4f4';
body.style.color = body.classList.contains('dark-mode') ? 'white' : 'black';
}
// Function to scroll to the top of the page
function scrollToTop() {
window.scrollTo({ top: 0, behavior: 'smooth' });
}
// Function to set active link and handle navigation
function navigateTo(section) {
const navbarLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.nav-link');
navbarLinks.forEach(link => link.classList.remove('active'));
const activeLink = Array.from(navbarLinks).find(link => link.href.includes(section));
if (activeLink) activeLink.classList.add('active');
// Smooth scroll to the section
const targetSection = document.getElementById(section);
targetSection.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth' });
// Show back to top button when scrolled down
document.querySelector('.back-to-top').style.display = 'block';
}
// Show/hide back to top button based on scroll position
window.onscroll = function() {
const backToTopButton = document.querySelector('.back-to-top');
if (document.body.scrollTop > 100 || document.documentElement.scrollTop > 100) {
backToTopButton.style.display = 'block';
} else {
backToTopButton.style.display = 'none';
}
};
// Contact form submission
document.getElementById('contact-form').addEventListener('submit', function(e) {
e.preventDefault(); // Prevent default form submission
const name = document.getElementById('name').value;
const email = document.getElementById('email').value;
const message = document.getElementById('message').value;
// Simulate sending message
alert(`Message sent from ${name} (${email}): "${message}"`);
this.reset(); // Reset the form after submission
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR PERIODIC TABLE
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Periodic Table</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f0f0f0;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
}
#periodic-table {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(150px, 1fr));
gap: 10px;
padding: 20px;
background-color: white;
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
max-width: 1200px;
width: 100%;
}
.element-card {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 10px;
background-color: #e8f0fe;
text-align: center;
transition: transform 0.2s;
}
.element-card:hover {
transform: scale(1.05);
}
h3 {
margin: 0;
font-size: 1.2em;
}
p {
margin: 5px 0;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="periodic-table"></div>
<script>
const elements = [
{ number: 1, name: "Hydrogen", symbol: "H", mass: 1.008, category: "Nonmetals", description: "Essential for life. 💧", emoji: "💧" },
{ number: 2, name: "Helium", symbol: "He", mass: 4.0026, category: "Noble gases", description: "Used in balloons. 🎈", emoji: "🎈" },
{ number: 3, name: "Lithium", symbol: "Li", mass: 6.94, category: "Alkali metals", description: "Used in batteries. 🔋", emoji: "🔋" },
{ number: 4, name: "Beryllium", symbol: "Be", mass: 9.0122, category: "Alkaline earth metals", description: "Used in aerospace. ✈️", emoji: "✈️" },
{ number: 5, name: "Boron", symbol: "B", mass: 10.81, category: "Metalloids", description: "Used in glass and ceramics. 🍶", emoji: "🍶" },
{ number: 6, name: "Carbon", symbol: "C", mass: 12.011, category: "Nonmetals", description: "Found in all life. 🌱", emoji: "🌱" },
{ number: 7, name: "Nitrogen", symbol: "N", mass: 14.007, category: "Nonmetals", description: "Makes up 78% of the atmosphere. 🌬️", emoji: "🌬️" },
{ number: 8, name: "Oxygen", symbol: "O", mass: 15.999, category: "Nonmetals", description: "Essential for respiration. 🌍", emoji: "🌍" },
{ number: 9, name: "Fluorine", symbol: "F", mass: 18.998, category: "Halogens", description: "Used in toothpaste. 🦷", emoji: "🦷" },
{ number: 10, name: "Neon", symbol: "Ne", mass: 20.180, category: "Noble gases", description: "Used in neon signs. 💡", emoji: "💡" },
{ number: 11, name: "Sodium", symbol: "Na", mass: 22.990, category: "Alkali metals", description: "Essential for nerves. 🧠", emoji: "🧠" },
{ number: 12, name: "Magnesium", symbol: "Mg", mass: 24.305, category: "Alkaline earth metals", description: "Used in fireworks. 🎆", emoji: "🎆" },
{ number: 13, name: "Aluminum", symbol: "Al", mass: 26.982, category: "Post-transition metals", description: "Used in cans and foil. 🥫", emoji: "🥫" },
{ number: 14, name: "Silicon", symbol: "Si", mass: 28.085, category: "Metalloids", description: "Used in electronics. 💻", emoji: "💻" },
{ number: 15, name: "Phosphorus", symbol: "P", mass: 30.974, category: "Nonmetals", description: "Essential for DNA. 🧬", emoji: "🧬" },
{ number: 16, name: "Sulfur", symbol: "S", mass: 32.06, category: "Nonmetals", description: "Used in gunpowder. 💣", emoji: "💣" },
{ number: 17, name: "Chlorine", symbol: "Cl", mass: 35.45, category: "Halogens", description: "Used in disinfectants. 🧴", emoji: "🧴" },
{ number: 18, name: "Argon", symbol: "Ar", mass: 39.948, category: "Noble gases", description: "Used in welding. 🔥", emoji: "🔥" },
{ number: 19, name: "Potassium", symbol: "K", mass: 39.098, category: "Alkali metals", description: "Essential for plants. 🌿", emoji: "🌿" },
{ number: 20, name: "Calcium", symbol: "Ca", mass: 40.078, category: "Alkaline earth metals", description: "Essential for bones. 🦴", emoji: "🦴" },
{ number: 21, name: "Scandium", symbol: "Sc", mass: 44.956, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in aerospace. ✈️", emoji: "✈️" },
{ number: 22, name: "Titanium", symbol: "Ti", mass: 47.867, category: "Transition metals", description: "Strong and lightweight. ⚒️", emoji: "⚒️" },
{ number: 23, name: "Vanadium", symbol: "V", mass: 50.941, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in alloys. 🔗", emoji: "🔗" },
{ number: 24, name: "Chromium", symbol: "Cr", mass: 51.996, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in stainless steel. ⚙️", emoji: "⚙️" },
{ number: 25, name: "Manganese", symbol: "Mn", mass: 54.938, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in batteries. 🔋", emoji: "🔋" },
{ number: 26, name: "Iron", symbol: "Fe", mass: 55.845, category: "Transition metals", description: "Essential for blood. ❤️", emoji: "❤️" },
{ number: 27, name: "Cobalt", symbol: "Co", mass: 58.933, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in blue pigments. 🎨", emoji: "🎨" },
{ number: 28, name: "Nickel", symbol: "Ni", mass: 58.693, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in coins. 💰", emoji: "💰" },
{ number: 29, name: "Copper", symbol: "Cu", mass: 63.546, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in wiring. 🔌", emoji: "🔌" },
{ number: 30, name: "Zinc", symbol: "Zn", mass: 65.38, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in galvanizing. 🛡️", emoji: "🛡️" },
{ number: 31, name: "Gallium", symbol: "Ga", mass: 69.723, category: "Post-transition metals", description: "Used in LEDs. 💡", emoji: "💡" },
{ number: 32, name: "Germanium", symbol: "Ge", mass: 72.630, category: "Metalloids", description: "Used in semiconductors. 💻", emoji: "💻" },
{ number: 33, name: "Arsenic", symbol: "As", mass: 74.921, category: "Metalloids", description: "Used in pesticides. 🌾", emoji: "🌾" },
{ number: 34, name: "Selenium", symbol: "Se", mass: 78.971, category: "Nonmetals", description: "Used in photocopiers. 🖨️", emoji: "🖨️" },
{ number: 35, name: "Bromine", symbol: "Br", mass: 79.904, category: "Halogens", description: "Used in flame retardants. 🔥", emoji: "🔥" },
{ number: 36, name: "Krypton", symbol: "Kr", mass: 83.798, category: "Noble gases", description: "Used in high-speed photography. 📸", emoji: "📸" },
{ number: 37, name: "Rubidium", symbol: "Rb", mass: 85.468, category: "Alkali metals", description: "Used in atomic clocks. ⏰", emoji: "⏰" },
{ number: 38, name: "Strontium", symbol: "Sr", mass: 87.62, category: "Alkaline earth metals", description: "Used in fireworks. 🎇", emoji: "🎇" },
{ number: 39, name: "Yttrium", symbol: "Y", mass: 88.906, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in phosphors. 💡", emoji: "💡" },
{ number: 40, name: "Zirconium", symbol: "Zr", mass: 91.224, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in nuclear reactors. ☢️", emoji: "☢️" },
{ number: 41, name: "Niobium", symbol: "Nb", mass: 92.906, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in superconductors. ❄️", emoji: "❄️" },
{ number: 42, name: "Molybdenum", symbol: "Mo", mass: 95.95, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in steel production. 🏗️", emoji: "🏗️" },
{ number: 43, name: "Technetium", symbol: "Tc", mass: 98, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in medical imaging. 🏥", emoji: "🏥" },
{ number: 44, name: "Ruthenium", symbol: "Ru", mass: 101.07, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in electronics. ⚡", emoji: "⚡" },
{ number: 45, name: "Rhodium", symbol: "Rh", mass: 102.91, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in catalytic converters. 🚗", emoji: "🚗" },
{ number: 46, name: "Palladium", symbol: "Pd", mass: 106.42, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in jewelry. 💍", emoji: "💍" },
{ number: 47, name: "Silver", symbol: "Ag", mass: 107.87, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in cutlery. 🍴", emoji: "🍴" },
{ number: 48, name: "Cadmium", symbol: "Cd", mass: 112.41, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in batteries. 🔋", emoji: "🔋" },
{ number: 49, name: "Indium", symbol: "In", mass: 114.82, category: "Post-transition metals", description: "Used in LCD screens. 📺", emoji: "📺" },
{ number: 50, name: "Tin", symbol: "Sn", mass: 118.71, category: "Post-transition metals", description: "Used in soldering. 🔧", emoji: "🔧" },
{ number: 51, name: "Antimony", symbol: "Sb", mass: 121.76, category: "Metalloids", description: "Used in flame retardants. 🔥", emoji: "🔥" },
{ number: 52, name: "Tellurium", symbol: "Te", mass: 127.60, category: "Metalloids", description: "Used in alloys. ⚙️", emoji: "⚙️" },
{ number: 53, name: "Iodine", symbol: "I", mass: 126.90, category: "Halogens", description: "Essential for thyroid function. 🩺", emoji: "🩺" },
{ number: 54, name: "Xenon", symbol: "Xe", mass: 131.29, category: "Noble gases", description: "Used in high-intensity lamps. 💡", emoji: "💡" },
{ number: 55, name: "Cesium", symbol: "Cs", mass: 132.91, category: "Alkali metals", description: "Used in atomic clocks. ⏰", emoji: "⏰" },
{ number: 56, name: "Barium", symbol: "Ba", mass: 137.33, category: "Alkaline earth metals", description: "Used in X-ray imaging. 🏥", emoji: "🏥" },
{ number: 57, name: "Lanthanum", symbol: "La", mass: 138.91, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in camera lenses. 📷", emoji: "📷" },
{ number: 58, name: "Cerium", symbol: "Ce", mass: 140.12, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in catalysts. ⚗️", emoji: "⚗️" },
{ number: 59, name: "Praseodymium", symbol: "Pr", mass: 140.91, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in glass and ceramics. 🍶", emoji: "🍶" },
{ number: 60, name: "Neodymium", symbol: "Nd", mass: 144.24, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in powerful magnets. 🧲", emoji: "🧲" },
{ number: 61, name: "Promethium", symbol: "Pm", mass: 145, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in luminous paints. ✨", emoji: "✨" },
{ number: 62, name: "Samarium", symbol: "Sm", mass: 150.36, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in magnets. 🧲", emoji: "🧲" },
{ number: 63, name: "Europium", symbol: "Eu", mass: 151.96, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in phosphors. 💡", emoji: "💡" },
{ number: 64, name: "Gadolinium", symbol: "Gd", mass: 157.25, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in MRI contrast agents. 🏥", emoji: "🏥" },
{ number: 65, name: "Terbium", symbol: "Tb", mass: 158.93, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in green phosphors. 🟢", emoji: "🟢" },
{ number: 66, name: "Dysprosium", symbol: "Dy", mass: 162.50, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in magnets. 🧲", emoji: "🧲" },
{ number: 67, name: "Holmium", symbol: "Ho", mass: 164.93, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in lasers. 🔦", emoji: "🔦" },
{ number: 68, name: "Erbium", symbol: "Er", mass: 167.26, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in fiber optics. 🌐", emoji: "🌐" },
{ number: 69, name: "Thulium", symbol: "Tm", mass: 168.93, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in lasers. 🔦", emoji: "🔦" },
{ number: 70, name: "Ytterbium", symbol: "Yb", mass: 173.04, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in lasers. 🔦", emoji: "🔦" },
{ number: 71, name: "Lutetium", symbol: "Lu", mass: 174.97, category: "Lanthanides", description: "Used in catalysts. ⚗️", emoji: "⚗️" },
{ number: 72, name: "Hafnium", symbol: "Hf", mass: 178.49, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in nuclear reactors. ☢️", emoji: "☢️" },
{ number: 73, name: "Tantalum", symbol: "Ta", mass: 180.95, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in electronics. ⚡", emoji: "⚡" },
{ number: 74, name: "Tungsten", symbol: "W", mass: 183.84, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in light bulb filaments. 💡", emoji: "💡" },
{ number: 75, name: "Rhenium", symbol: "Re", mass: 186.21, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in jet engines. ✈️", emoji: "✈️" },
{ number: 76, name: "Osmium", symbol: "Os", mass: 190.23, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in fountain pen tips. 🖊️", emoji: "🖊️" },
{ number: 77, name: "Iridium", symbol: "Ir", mass: 192.22, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in spark plugs. 🔌", emoji: "🔌" },
{ number: 78, name: "Platinum", symbol: "Pt", mass: 195.08, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in jewelry. 💍", emoji: "💍" },
{ number: 79, name: "Gold", symbol: "Au", mass: 196.97, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in coins. 💰", emoji: "💰" },
{ number: 80, name: "Mercury", symbol: "Hg", mass: 200.59, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in thermometers. 🌡️", emoji: "🌡️" },
{ number: 81, name: "Thallium", symbol: "Tl", mass: 204.38, category: "Post-transition metals", description: "Used in electronics. ⚡", emoji: "⚡" },
{ number: 82, name: "Lead", symbol: "Pb", mass: 207.2, category: "Post-transition metals", description: "Used in batteries. 🔋", emoji: "🔋" },
{ number: 83, name: "Bismuth", symbol: "Bi", mass: 208.98, category: "Post-transition metals", description: "Used in cosmetics. 💄", emoji: "💄" },
{ number: 84, name: "Polonium", symbol: "Po", mass: 209, category: "Metalloids", description: "Used in nuclear devices. ☢️", emoji: "☢️" },
{ number: 85, name: "Astatine", symbol: "At", mass: 210, category: "Halogens", description: "Radioactive element. ☢️", emoji: "☢️" },
{ number: 86, name: "Radon", symbol: "Rn", mass: 222, category: "Noble gases", description: "Radioactive gas. ☢️", emoji: "☢️" },
{ number: 87, name: "Francium", symbol: "Fr", mass: 223, category: "Alkali metals", description: "Highly radioactive. ☢️", emoji: "☢️" },
{ number: 88, name: "Radium", symbol: "Ra", mass: 226, category: "Alkaline earth metals", description: "Used in cancer treatment. 💊", emoji: "💊" },
{ number: 89, name: "Actinium", symbol: "Ac", mass: 227, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in radiation therapy. 💉", emoji: "💉" },
{ number: 90, name: "Thorium", symbol: "Th", mass: 232.04, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in nuclear reactors. ☢️", emoji: "☢️" },
{ number: 91, name: "Protactinium", symbol: "Pa", mass: 231.04, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 92, name: "Uranium", symbol: "U", mass: 238.03, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in nuclear power. ⚡", emoji: "⚡" },
{ number: 93, name: "Neptunium", symbol: "Np", mass: 237, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 94, name: "Plutonium", symbol: "Pu", mass: 244, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in nuclear weapons. 💣", emoji: "💣" },
{ number: 95, name: "Americium", symbol: "Am", mass: 243, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in smoke detectors. 🔥", emoji: "🔥" },
{ number: 96, name: "Curium", symbol: "Cm", mass: 247, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in nuclear reactors. ☢️", emoji: "☢️" },
{ number: 97, name: "Berkelium", symbol: "Bk", mass: 247, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 98, name: "Californium", symbol: "Cf", mass: 251, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in neutron sources. ⚛️", emoji: "⚛️" },
{ number: 99, name: "Einsteinium", symbol: "Es", mass: 252, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 100, name: "Fermium", symbol: "Fm", mass: 257, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 101, name: "Mendelevium", symbol: "Md", mass: 258, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 102, name: "Nobelium", symbol: "No", mass: 259, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 103, name: "Lawrencium", symbol: "Lr", mass: 262, category: "Actinides", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 104, name: "Rutherfordium", symbol: "Rf", mass: 267, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 105, name: "Dubnium", symbol: "Db", mass: 268, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 106, name: "Seaborgium", symbol: "Sg", mass: 271, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 107, name: "Bohrium", symbol: "Bh", mass: 270, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 108, name: "Hassium", symbol: "Hs", mass: 277, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 109, name: "Meitnerium", symbol: "Mt", mass: 278, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 110, name: "Darmstadtium", symbol: "Ds", mass: 281, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 111, name: "Roentgenium", symbol: "Rg", mass: 282, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 112, name: "Copernicium", symbol: "Cn", mass: 285, category: "Transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 113, name: "Nihonium", symbol: "Nh", mass: 286, category: "Post-transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 114, name: "Flerovium", symbol: "Fl", mass: 289, category: "Post-transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 115, name: "Moscovium", symbol: "Mc", mass: 288, category: "Post-transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 116, name: "Livermorium", symbol: "Lv", mass: 293, category: "Post-transition metals", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 117, name: "Tennessine", symbol: "Ts", mass: 294, category: "Halogens", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
{ number: 118, name: "Oganesson", symbol: "Og", mass: 294, category: "Noble gases", description: "Used in research. 🔬", emoji: "🔬" },
];
const container = document.getElementById("periodic-table");
elements.forEach((element) => {
const card = document.createElement("div");
card.className = "element-card";
card.innerHTML = `
<div class="element-number">${element.number}</div>
<div class="element-symbol">${element.symbol}</div>
<div class="element-name">${element.name}</div>
<div class="element-mass">${element.mass}</div>
<div class="element-category">${element.category}</div>
<div class="element-description">${element.description} ${element.emoji}</div>
`;
container.appendChild(card);
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR ARM BODY FAT CALCULATOR
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>💪 Arm Body Fat & BMI Calculator</title>
<style>
/* General Styling */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background: linear-gradient(to right, #00c6ff, #0072ff);
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
overflow: hidden;
color: #fff;
}
.calculator-container {
background: #222;
padding: 25px;
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
text-align: center;
width: 350px;
animation: fadeIn 1s ease-in-out;
position: relative;
}
.calculator-container h2 {
font-size: 24px;
color: #ffd700;
margin: 10px 0;
}
.input-group {
margin: 15px 0;
text-align: left;
}
.input-group label {
font-size: 16px;
color: #ddd;
}
.input-group input {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
border-radius: 5px;
border: 1px solid #555;
margin-top: 5px;
background-color: #333;
color: #ffd700;
font-size: 14px;
}
.btn {
color: white;
padding: 10px 20px;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 16px;
transition: background-color 0.3s;
margin-top: 10px;
display: inline-block;
width: 100%;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.calculate-btn { background-color: #4CAF50; }
.calculate-btn:hover { background-color: #45a049; }
.copy-btn { background-color: #2196F3; }
.copy-btn:hover { background-color: #0b7dda; }
.clear-btn { background-color: #ff5722; }
.clear-btn:hover { background-color: #e64a19; }
.print-btn { background-color: #607d8b; }
.print-btn:hover { background-color: #455a64; }
.result {
margin-top: 15px;
font-size: 18px;
font-weight: bold;
color: #ffd700;
text-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}
.history {
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 14px;
color: #ddd;
max-height: 150px;
overflow-y: auto;
border-top: 1px solid #444;
padding-top: 10px;
}
@keyframes fadeIn {
from { opacity: 0; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="calculator-container">
<h2>💪 Arm Body Fat & BMI Calculator 💪</h2>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="age">🧑 Age:</label>
<input type="number" id="age" min="1" placeholder="Enter your age">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="weight">⚖️ Weight (kg):</label>
<input type="number" id="weight" min="1" placeholder="Enter your weight">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="height">📏 Height (cm):</label>
<input type="number" id="height" min="1" placeholder="Enter your height">
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="armCircumference">💪 Arm Circumference (cm):</label>
<input type="number" id="armCircumference" min="1" placeholder="Enter arm circumference">
</div>
<button class="btn calculate-btn" onclick="calculateBodyFat()">📊 Calculate</button>
<div class="result" id="result">Your results will appear here.</div>
<button class="btn copy-btn" onclick="copyResult()">📋 Copy Result</button>
<button class="btn clear-btn" onclick="clearInputs()">🧹 Clear Inputs</button>
<button class="btn print-btn" onclick="printResult()">🖨️ Print Result</button>
<div class="history" id="history"><h4>📜 Calculation History</h4></div>
</div>
<script>
let historyLog = [];
function calculateBodyFat() {
const age = parseInt(document.getElementById('age').value);
const weight = parseFloat(document.getElementById('weight').value);
const height = parseFloat(document.getElementById('height').value);
const armCircumference = parseFloat(document.getElementById('armCircumference').value);
const resultElement = document.getElementById('result');
// Validation
if (!age || !weight || !height || !armCircumference) {
resultElement.innerText = "⚠️ Please fill all fields correctly.";
return;
}
// Body Fat Calculation (Placeholder formula for demonstration)
const bodyFat = ((armCircumference / weight) * age * 0.1).toFixed(2);
// BMI Calculation
const heightMeters = height / 100;
const bmi = (weight / (heightMeters * heightMeters)).toFixed(2);
// Display results
resultElement.innerHTML = `
🏋️ Estimated Arm Body Fat: <span style="color: #4CAF50;">${bodyFat}%</span><br>
📊 BMI: <span style="color: #2196F3;">${bmi}</span>
`;
// Update History
const historyEntry = `Age: ${age}, Weight: ${weight}kg, Arm Circumference: ${armCircumference}cm, Body Fat: ${bodyFat}%, BMI: ${bmi}`;
historyLog.push(historyEntry);
updateHistory();
}
function updateHistory() {
const historyElement = document.getElementById('history');
historyElement.innerHTML = '<h4>📜 Calculation History</h4>';
historyLog.forEach((entry, index) => {
historyElement.innerHTML += `<p>${index + 1}. ${entry}</p>`;
});
}
function copyResult() {
const resultText = document.getElementById('result').innerText;
if (!resultText) {
alert("⚠️ No result to copy!");
return;
}
// Copy result text to clipboard
const tempInput = document.createElement("input");
document.body.appendChild(tempInput);
tempInput.value = resultText;
tempInput.select();
document.execCommand("copy");
document.body.removeChild(tempInput);
alert("✅ Result copied to clipboard!");
}
function clearInputs() {
document.getElementById('age').value = '';
document.getElementById('weight').value = '';
document.getElementById('height').value = '';
document.getElementById('armCircumference').value = '';
document.getElementById('result').innerText = 'Your results will appear here.';
}
function printResult() {
const printContents = document.getElementById('result').innerHTML;
const newWindow = window.open('', '_blank');
newWindow.document.write(`
<html>
<head><title>Print Result</title></head>
<body>${printContents}</body>
</html>
`);
newWindow.document.close();
newWindow.print();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
BEST BOOK ON TRADING
Trading in financial markets can be both exhilarating and daunting, especially for newcomers. With a myriad of strategies, tools, and psychological challenges to navigate, having the right resources at your disposal is crucial for success. Books can offer invaluable insights into the principles of trading, provide strategies, and help you understand the markets. In this article, we’ll explore some of the best books on trading that can equip you with the knowledge and skills necessary to thrive in the trading arena.
1. “A Random Walk Down Wall Street” by Burton G. Malkiel
Burton Malkiel’s classic book, first published in 1973, provides a comprehensive overview of various investment strategies, including trading. Malkiel argues for the efficient market hypothesis, suggesting that it’s difficult to consistently outperform the market. He discusses various investment vehicles, including stocks, bonds, and real estate, and introduces concepts such as index investing. This book is perfect for beginners, as it lays a strong foundation in understanding how markets operate while emphasizing the importance of a long-term investment strategy.
2. “Market Wizards” by Jack D. Schwager
“Market Wizards” is a must-read for any serious trader. This book features interviews with some of the most successful traders of the late 20th century, providing insights into their trading philosophies, strategies, and mindset. Schwager’s ability to distill their experiences into actionable lessons makes this book not only informative but also inspiring. The traders featured come from diverse backgrounds and employ different strategies, offering readers a wide range of perspectives on what it takes to succeed in trading.
3. “The Intelligent Investor” by Benjamin Graham
Considered the bible of value investing, Benjamin Graham’s “The Intelligent Investor” is a timeless classic that offers essential wisdom for traders and investors alike. While it primarily focuses on long-term investing, Graham’s principles of risk management, market behavior, and the importance of a margin of safety are invaluable for traders. The book emphasizes the psychological aspects of investing and provides a strong foundation for making informed decisions, making it a vital read for anyone looking to navigate the financial markets.
4. “Trading in the Zone” by Mark Douglas
Mark Douglas’s “Trading in the Zone” addresses the psychological aspects of trading, which are often overlooked but critical to success. Douglas explores the importance of mindset, discipline, and emotional control in trading. He explains how traders can develop a winning mindset and build the confidence necessary to execute their strategies effectively. This book is essential for anyone looking to improve their trading psychology and develop the mental resilience required to navigate the ups and downs of the market.
5. “Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets” by John J. Murphy
For traders looking to delve into technical analysis, John Murphy’s comprehensive guide is a definitive resource. This book covers various technical indicators, chart patterns, and market trends, providing traders with the tools they need to analyze price movements. Murphy’s clear explanations and practical examples make complex concepts accessible for beginners and experienced traders alike. Whether you are a day trader or a swing trader, this book will help you develop the skills necessary to make informed trading decisions based on market behavior.
6. “The Little Book of Common Sense Investing” by John C. Bogle
John Bogle, the founder of Vanguard Group, emphasizes the importance of low-cost index investing in “The Little Book of Common Sense Investing.” While primarily focused on long-term investing, Bogle’s principles apply to trading strategies as well. He advocates for a disciplined, low-cost approach to investing and warns against the dangers of market timing and speculative trading. Bogle’s insights can help traders understand the value of a solid investment strategy and the importance of keeping costs low.
7. “How to Make Money in Stocks” by William J. O’Neil
William J. O’Neil’s “How to Make Money in Stocks” introduces the CAN SLIM strategy, which combines fundamental and technical analysis to identify growth stocks. O’Neil emphasizes the importance of earnings growth, market direction, and proper timing in making successful trades. His book includes valuable insights into how to analyze stocks and develop a trading plan, making it a practical guide for traders who want to focus on growth investing.
8. “Flash Boys” by Michael Lewis
In “Flash Boys,” Michael Lewis explores the world of high-frequency trading and its impact on the financial markets. While not a traditional trading book, it offers important insights into the modern trading landscape, including the influence of technology and the intricacies of market mechanics. Understanding these factors can be crucial for traders looking to navigate a market dominated by algorithms and high-speed trading. Lewis’s engaging narrative style makes complex topics accessible and thought-provoking.
9. “The New Trading for a Living” by Dr. Alexander Elder
Dr. Alexander Elder’s “The New Trading for a Living” is an updated classic that combines technical analysis, trading psychology, and risk management. Elder provides practical strategies for building a successful trading plan and emphasizes the importance of discipline and emotional control. The book includes exercises and trading rules to help traders refine their skills, making it an essential read for both beginners and experienced traders looking to enhance their trading practices.
10. “The Disciplined Trader” by Mark Douglas
Another excellent book by Mark Douglas, “The Disciplined Trader,” focuses on the psychological challenges traders face and offers strategies to overcome them. Douglas delves into the emotional aspects of trading and provides practical advice on how to develop the discipline necessary to stick to a trading plan. This book is particularly helpful for those who struggle with impulsive decision-making or emotional trading, making it a valuable resource for improving trading performance.
11. Conclusion
The world of trading can be complex and challenging, but the right knowledge can make a significant difference in your success. The books highlighted above provide valuable insights into various aspects of trading, from foundational concepts to advanced strategies and psychological considerations. By investing time in these readings, aspiring traders can build a solid understanding of the markets, develop effective strategies, and cultivate the mental resilience needed to navigate the inevitable ups and downs of trading. Whether you’re just starting or looking to refine your skills, these books are essential tools on your journey to becoming a successful trader.
How To Improve Traffic In Website
In the digital age, driving traffic to a website is essential for success, whether running a blog, an e-commerce store, or a business site. Increased traffic can lead to higher visibility, more leads, and ultimately, greater revenue. This article explores effective strategies to enhance website traffic through SEO optimization, content creation, social media engagement, and more.
1. Optimize for Search Engines (SEO)
Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is crucial for improving visibility on search engines like Google. Here are key tactics to implement:
Keyword Strategy
Target long-tail keywords that are specific to a niche. These keywords often have less competition and can attract highly relevant traffic. Use tools like Google Keyword Planner or SEMrush to identify the best keywords for content.
Internal Linking
Create a strong internal linking structure. This not only helps users navigate a site but also improves SEO by distributing page authority across the site. Ensure that the most important pages are easily accessible through links.
Backlinks
Focus on acquiring quality backlinks from reputable websites in the industry. Backlinks act as votes of confidence for content and can significantly improve search engine rankings.
2. Create High-Quality Content
Content is king in the digital landscape. Producing valuable and engaging content can attract and retain visitors.
Quality Content
Invest time in creating high-quality, long-form articles that provide real value to readers. Address pain points and offer solutions. Well-researched content tends to rank better on search engines.
Evergreen Content
Develop evergreen content—topics that remain relevant over time. This type of content continues to attract visitors long after publication, providing a steady stream of traffic.
Video Content
Incorporate video into a content strategy. Videos can boost engagement significantly and are particularly effective on social media platforms. Consider creating tutorials, product demos, or informative videos related to a niche.
3. Engage on Social Media
Social media platforms are powerful tools for driving traffic to a website.
Diverse Platforms
Utilize various social media channels such as Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, and LinkedIn to promote content. Tailor approaches for each platform based on audience and features.
Contests and Giveaways
Organize contests or giveaways to generate excitement around a brand. Encourage participants to share the contest with their networks, which can increase exposure and drive traffic back to the site.
4. Leverage Email Marketing
Email marketing remains one of the most effective ways to drive traffic.
Build an Email List
Grow an email list by offering valuable resources like eBooks, guides, or exclusive content in exchange for sign-ups. Regularly send newsletters with updates, promotions, or new blog posts to keep the audience engaged.
5. Foster Community Engagement
Building a community around a brand can significantly boost traffic.
Guest Blogging
Collaborate with influencers or industry experts by writing guest posts for each other’s blogs. This not only exposes content to a wider audience but also helps build backlinks.
Participate in Forums
Engage in online forums and communities related to a niche. By providing valuable insights and answers, authority can be established and interested users can be driven back to the website through links in profiles or posts.
6. Improve Technical Aspects
A well-functioning website is critical for retaining visitors.
Website Performance
Ensure that a website loads quickly and is mobile-friendly. A fast-loading site enhances user experience, reduces bounce rates, and encourages visitors to stay longer.
Schema Markup
Implement schema markup on pages to help search engines understand the context of content better. This can enhance visibility in search results through rich snippets, making links more appealing.
Conclusion
Improving traffic to a website requires a multifaceted approach that combines SEO optimization, quality content creation, social media engagement, email marketing, community involvement, and technical improvements. By implementing these strategies effectively, it is possible to boost not only the quantity of traffic but also its quality—leading to higher engagement rates and conversions over time. Start today by assessing which areas can be improved first and watch as website traffic grows!
How Compounding Works
Compound interest is a powerful financial concept that allows your money to grow over time by earning interest on both your original investment and the interest that accumulates on it. Often called “interest on interest,” compound interest can significantly increase the value of your savings or investments, especially when given enough time to grow. In this article, we’ll explore how compound interest works, the factors that affect it, and strategies to make the most of it in your financial journey.
1. What is Compound Interest?
At its core, compound interest is interest calculated not only on the initial principal amount but also on the accumulated interest from previous periods. This differs from simple interest, which is only calculated on the initial principal, leading to slower growth.
To illustrate, imagine you have $1,000 invested at a 10% annual interest rate. With simple interest, you’d earn $100 each year. But with compound interest, that $100 grows over time, leading to a larger balance in the end. This compounding effect becomes more powerful with each passing period.
2. How Does Compounding Work?
Compounding is based on three main components: principal, interest rate, and the compounding frequency. Let’s break down how each element contributes to compound growth.
a. Principal
The principal is your initial investment amount. The larger your principal, the greater your compound interest earnings will be over time. For example, investing $5,000 versus $1,000 at the same interest rate will result in significantly larger returns because of the higher starting amount.
b. Interest Rate
The interest rate determines how much growth you’ll see each period. Higher interest rates lead to faster accumulation of compound interest. Even a small difference in interest rates can have a large effect when compounded over several years.
c. Compounding Frequency
Compounding frequency refers to how often interest is calculated and added back into the account. Common frequencies include annually, semiannually, quarterly, monthly, and daily. More frequent compounding periods lead to faster growth because interest is being added back more often. For instance, monthly compounding will yield a larger balance than annual compounding over the same period and at the same interest rate.
To put it into perspective, let’s say you invest $1,000 at an interest rate of 5%:
- Annually: You’d earn 5% once per year.
- Monthly: You’d earn about 0.417% per month (5% divided by 12), which compounds each month, giving you a slightly higher annual return.
3. The Formula for Compound Interest
The standard formula to calculate compound interest is:A=P(1+rn)ntA = P \left(1 + \frac{r}{n}\right)^{nt}A=P(1+nr)nt
Where:
- A is the amount of money accumulated after n years, including interest.
- P is the principal amount (initial investment).
- r is the annual interest rate (in decimal form).
- n is the number of times that interest is compounded per year.
- t is the number of years the money is invested for.
Using this formula, you can calculate how much your investment will grow over a set period. Let’s see an example:
Imagine you invest $1,000 at an interest rate of 5% compounded annually for 5 years:A=1000(1+0.051)1×5=1000×(1.05)5≈1276.28A = 1000 \left(1 + \frac{0.05}{1}\right)^{1 \times 5} = 1000 \times (1.05)^5 \approx 1276.28A=1000(1+10.05)1×5=1000×(1.05)5≈1276.28
So after 5 years, your investment would grow to $1,276.28, with the extra $276.28 coming from compound interest.
4. The Rule of 72
The Rule of 72 is a simple way to estimate how long it will take for an investment to double given a fixed annual interest rate. To use it, divide 72 by the annual interest rate. For example, if you have an interest rate of 6%, you would calculate:72/6=12 years72 / 6 = 12 \text{ years}72/6=12 years
Thus, it would take approximately 12 years for your investment to double with an annual interest rate of 6%. This rule is useful for quickly evaluating the power of compound interest without complex calculations.
5. The Power of Time in Compounding
Time is one of the most critical factors in compound interest. The longer you keep your investment, the more opportunity it has to grow exponentially due to the compounding effect. This is why financial advisors encourage people to start investing early. A small amount invested today can grow substantially over decades.
Let’s say you invest $1,000 with an interest rate of 8%:
- After 5 years: Your investment grows to approximately $1,469.
- After 10 years: It grows to about $2,159.
- After 20 years: It reaches around $4,661.
The longer you allow compounding to work, the greater the potential for wealth accumulation.
6. Applications of Compound Interest
Compound interest isn’t just limited to bank savings accounts. It’s a fundamental concept in many areas of finance:
- Investment Accounts: Stocks, bonds, and mutual funds use compounding to grow investment portfolios.
- Retirement Funds: Compounding helps retirement accounts like 401(k)s or IRAs grow, making it easier to build a comfortable nest egg over time.
- Debt and Loans: Compounding can also work against you when it comes to debt, especially credit cards. Interest on unpaid balances compounds, which can lead to higher amounts owed over time.
7. Tips to Make the Most of Compound Interest
To maximize the benefits of compound interest, consider these strategies:
- Start Early: The earlier you begin investing or saving, the more time compounding has to work.
- Reinvest Earnings: If possible, reinvest any earnings back into your account to keep growing your balance.
- Choose Higher Frequencies: Accounts that offer daily or monthly compounding will typically yield more than those with annual compounding.
- Avoid High-Interest Debt: Compound interest can work against you with high-interest debt like credit cards. Pay down high-interest balances as quickly as possible to avoid negative compounding.
8. Conclusion
Compound interest is a powerful financial tool that can help you build wealth over time, but it requires patience and consistency. By understanding how it works and making strategic choices, you can harness the full potential of compound interest to meet your financial goals. Whether you’re saving for retirement, a large purchase, or just growing your wealth, the principles of compounding can set you on a path toward greater financial security.
Compound Interest Calculator
Rabi Lamichhane to Remain in Custody for 5 Days
Former Home Minister and President of the Rastriya Swatantra Party, Rabi Lamichhane, will have to remain in custody for an additional five days. The Kaski District Court has granted the police five more days to investigate him.
A single bench of Kaski District Court Judge Chandrakanta Poudel issued the order allowing Lamichhane to be held in custody for an additional 10 days for investigation.
Out of those 10 days, five days were already reduced due to the Tihar holiday. Therefore, Lamichhane will remain in custody for five more days.
Nepal’s 2024 Tourism in Numbers
Nepal Tourism Statistics 2024
Summary
In the first 10 months of 2024, Nepal welcomed a total of 940,732 foreign tourists. In October alone, 124,393 tourists visited, showing a 6.4% increase compared to the same period last year.
Tourist numbers have nearly recovered to pre-COVID levels, with October reaching 92.96% of the tourist count from 2019.
Monthly Breakdown of Tourists in 2024
Tourist Arrivals by Country
India: 16,313 (October)
China: 7,750 (October)
USA: 16,023 (October, 12.88% increase from September)
UK: 8,019
Australia: 6,929
Germany: 6,018
France: 5,485
Bangladesh: 4,476
Sri Lanka: 3,112
Italy: 2,635
CODE IDEAL WEIGHT CALCULATOR IN HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT
- User-Friendly Interface: Simple, centered layout with a responsive design and attractive color gradient background.
- Gender Selection: Allows users to select their gender, which affects the calculation of ideal weight.
- Age, Height, and Weight Input: Users can input their age, height (in cm), and weight (in kg) to calculate BMI and ideal weight.
- Buttons for Actions:
- Calculate Button: Calculates and displays the ideal weight and BMI based on the inputs.
- Clear Button: Clears all input fields and resets the display elements.
- History Button: Shows the user’s BMI and weight history in an alert box.
- Ideal Weight Calculation: Calculates ideal weight based on gender and height, with a different formula for males and females.
- BMI Calculation: Computes BMI from weight and height, then displays the result with an emoji and advice.
- Result Display: Displays the ideal weight and BMI values along with relevant icons and styling.
- Health Advice and Tips:
- Provides personalized health advice based on BMI categories (underweight, normal, overweight, obese).
- Offers tips for each category, such as dietary and lifestyle suggestions.
- Progress Bar: Shows a visual representation of BMI status, where the width adjusts according to the BMI category (e.g., 25% for underweight, 50% for normal, etc.).
- Icon Indicators: Displays an emoji next to the result to represent different BMI statuses, making it visually engaging.
- Animations:
- Fade-in effect on the main calculator container for a smoother UI experience.
- Slide-in effect for the result display, enhancing visual appeal.
- Local Storage for History: Saves previous calculations (gender, age, height, weight, ideal weight, BMI) in the browser’s local storage, allowing users to view their history of calculations.
- Data Validation: Checks if the input values for age, height, and weight are valid numbers, displaying a warning if any are missing or invalid.
- Responsive Design: Adjusts for various screen sizes to ensure a consistent user experience.
- Tooltips and Placeholder Icons: Adds emojis to placeholders and labels for a friendly and intuitive interface.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>🌟 Ideal Weight & BMI Calculator 🌟</title>
<style>
/* Basic styling and animations */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background: linear-gradient(120deg, #f6d365, #fda085);
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
color: #333;
overflow: hidden;
}
.calculator-container {
background-color: #ffffff;
padding: 2em;
border-radius: 12px;
box-shadow: 0 8px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
text-align: center;
width: 400px;
animation: fadeIn 1s ease-out;
position: relative;
}
h1 {
color: #333;
font-size: 24px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
h1::before {
content: "🧮";
margin-right: 8px;
}
label {
display: block;
margin-top: 10px;
font-weight: bold;
}
input[type="number"], select {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
margin-top: 8px;
border-radius: 5px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
font-size: 16px;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
input[type="number"]:focus, select:focus {
border-color: #fda085;
outline: none;
}
.button-container {
display: flex;
gap: 10px;
justify-content: center;
margin-top: 20px;
}
.calculate-btn, .clear-btn, .history-btn {
padding: 10px 20px;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 16px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background 0.3s ease;
}
.calculate-btn {
background: #fda085;
color: #fff;
}
.calculate-btn:hover {
background: #f6d365;
}
.calculate-btn::before {
content: "💪";
margin-right: 8px;
}
.clear-btn {
background: #e0e0e0;
color: #333;
}
.clear-btn:hover {
background: #ccc;
}
.history-btn {
background: #82c91e;
color: #fff;
}
.history-btn:hover {
background: #63a917;
}
.result, .advice, .tips {
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 18px;
font-weight: bold;
color: #444;
animation: slideIn 1s ease-in-out;
}
.result-icon {
font-size: 2em;
margin-top: 15px;
}
.advice {
font-size: 16px;
color: #666;
margin-top: 10px;
}
.tips {
font-size: 14px;
color: #888;
font-style: italic;
}
.progress-bar-container {
width: 100%;
background-color: #eee;
border-radius: 5px;
margin-top: 15px;
}
.progress-bar {
height: 10px;
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #82c91e;
width: 0;
transition: width 1s ease;
}
/* Animations */
@keyframes fadeIn {
from {
opacity: 0;
transform: translateY(-20px);
}
to {
opacity: 1;
transform: translateY(0);
}
}
@keyframes slideIn {
from {
opacity: 0;
transform: translateY(20px);
}
to {
opacity: 1;
transform: translateY(0);
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="calculator-container">
<h1>Ideal Weight & BMI Calculator</h1>
<label for="gender">Gender: 👤</label>
<select id="gender">
<option value="male">Male 🚹</option>
<option value="female">Female 🚺</option>
</select>
<label for="age">Age: 🎂</label>
<input type="number" id="age" placeholder="Enter age">
<label for="height">Height (cm): 📏</label>
<input type="number" id="height" placeholder="Enter height in cm">
<label for="weight">Current Weight (kg): ⚖️</label>
<input type="number" id="weight" placeholder="Enter weight in kg">
<div class="button-container">
<button class="calculate-btn" onclick="calculateIdealWeight()">Calculate</button>
<button class="clear-btn" onclick="clearInputs()">Clear</button>
<button class="history-btn" onclick="showHistory()">History</button>
</div>
<div id="result" class="result"></div>
<div class="progress-bar-container">
<div id="progressBar" class="progress-bar"></div>
</div>
<div id="resultIcon" class="result-icon"></div>
<div id="advice" class="advice"></div>
<div id="tips" class="tips"></div>
</div>
<script>
let history = [];
function calculateIdealWeight() {
const gender = document.getElementById("gender").value;
const age = parseInt(document.getElementById("age").value);
const height = parseFloat(document.getElementById("height").value);
const weight = parseFloat(document.getElementById("weight").value);
const resultDiv = document.getElementById("result");
const resultIconDiv = document.getElementById("resultIcon");
const adviceDiv = document.getElementById("advice");
const tipsDiv = document.getElementById("tips");
const progressBar = document.getElementById("progressBar");
if (isNaN(height) || height <= 0 || isNaN(weight) || weight <= 0 || isNaN(age) || age <= 0) {
resultDiv.textContent = "❌ Please enter valid age, height, and weight.";
resultIconDiv.innerHTML = "⚠️";
adviceDiv.textContent = "";
tipsDiv.textContent = "";
return;
}
let idealWeight;
if (gender === "male") {
idealWeight = 50 + 0.9 * (height - 152);
} else {
idealWeight = 45.5 + 0.9 * (height - 152);
}
const heightInMeters = height / 100;
const bmi = weight / (heightInMeters * heightInMeters);
resultDiv.textContent = `✨ Ideal Weight: ${idealWeight.toFixed(1)} kg | BMI: ${bmi.toFixed(1)}`;
resultIconDiv.innerHTML = bmi > 0 ? "💪" : "";
if (bmi < 18.5) {
adviceDiv.textContent = "📉 Underweight: Consider a balanced diet to gain weight.";
tipsDiv.textContent = "Tip: High-calorie foods and strength training can help.";
progressBar.style.width = "25%";
} else if (bmi >= 18.5 && bmi <= 24.9) {
adviceDiv.textContent = "✅ Normal: Keep up the good work and maintain a healthy lifestyle!";
tipsDiv.textContent = "Tip: A balanced diet and regular exercise can keep you on track!";
progressBar.style.width = "50%";
} else if (bmi >= 25 && bmi <= 29.9) {
adviceDiv.textContent = "⚠️ Overweight: Consider regular exercise and a balanced diet.";
tipsDiv.textContent = "Tip: Reduce processed food and increase physical activity.";
progressBar.style.width = "75%";
} else {
adviceDiv.textContent = "❗ Obese: Consult a healthcare provider for personalized advice.";
tipsDiv.textContent = "Tip: Consult a doctor for a personalized health plan.";
progressBar.style.width = "100%";
}
history.push(`Gender: ${gender}, Age: ${age}, Height: ${height} cm, Weight: ${weight} kg, Ideal Weight: ${idealWeight.toFixed(1)} kg, BMI: ${bmi.toFixed(1)}`);
localStorage.setItem("bmiHistory", JSON.stringify(history));
}
function clearInputs() {
document.getElementById("age").value = "";
document.getElementById("height").value = "";
document.getElementById("weight").value = "";
document.getElementById("result").textContent = "";
document.getElementById("resultIcon").innerHTML = "";
document.getElementById("advice").textContent = "";
document.getElementById("tips").textContent = "";
document.getElementById("progressBar").style.width = "0%";
}
function showHistory() {
const savedHistory = localStorage.getItem("bmiHistory");
if (savedHistory) {
alert("History:\n" + JSON.parse(savedHistory).join("\n"));
} else {
alert("No history available.");
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Completion of the 220 kV Chilime–Trishuli Transmission Line:
The construction of the 220 kV Chilime–Trishuli transmission line, regarded as vital for channeling electricity generated by hydropower projects on the Trishuli River and its tributaries into the national grid, has been completed.
The transmission line spans 28 kilometers, extending from the Chilime Hub Substation in Thambuchet, Aamachodingmo Rural Municipality, Rasuwa, to the Trishuli 3B Hub Substation in Pahrebesi, Kispang Rural Municipality, Nuwakot.
Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) Executive Director Kulman Ghising stated that NEA employees and contractors worked day and night, even during public holidays like Dashain and Tihar, to complete the construction.
According to Ghising, the transmission line infrastructure is now ready to carry power from ongoing and planned hydropower projects in Rasuwa, including the 111 MW Rasuwagadhi and the 42.5 MW Sanjen projects, developed under the leadership of NEA’s subsidiary, Chilime Hydropower. Both Rasuwagadhi and Sanjen projects are near completion and ready for power generation.
Ghising highlighted the project’s challenges due to the rugged and risky Himalayan terrain, where towers were constructed on steep cliffs without road access. Materials, gravel, and water had to be transported manually or by mules. The project faced additional challenges from landslides, forest area land usage, local obstructions, and adverse weather conditions.
Efforts are also underway to build the Chilime–Kerung cross-border transmission line to facilitate electricity trade with neighboring China. The Chilime–Trishuli transmission line will serve as the connecting link to China. The construction of 220/132/33 kV substations at the Chilime and Trishuli 3B hubs has been completed as part of this project.
Electricity from the Trishuli 3B Hub Substation will integrate into the national grid via the Trishuli–Kathmandu 220 kV transmission line, reaching Matatirtha, Kathmandu. Power from the Sanjen and Rasuwagadhi projects will connect to the Chilime Hub Substation and then to the national grid through the Chilime–Trishuli transmission line.
Seventy-six towers have been built for the transmission line, covering terrain ranging from 680 to 2,600 meters above sea level. Of these, 33 towers were constructed in areas without road access, necessitating the creation of access roads.
Director Tharka Bahadur Thapa from NEA’s High Voltage Grid Department noted that more than 20 kilometers of access roads were built, and materials were transported by mules, people, and even helicopters to construct two towers. In one challenging section, a 1,235-meter-long wire was strung across the Mailung River gorge (Mailung Crossing) using drones.
The Chilime–Mailung section covers 20 kilometers with a double-circuit line, and the Mailung–Trishuli 3B Hub section spans eight kilometers with a four (multi)-circuit line. The multi-circuit line will also connect the under-construction 216 MW Upper Trishuli-1 hydropower project, led by a Korean company, with Upper Trishuli-1 covering 60% of the construction costs for the multi-circuit line.
The Chilime–Trishuli project has an estimated cost of USD 362.89 million, funded by the Government of Nepal, NEA, and a grant from the German Development Bank (KfW), with concessional loans from the European Investment Bank (EIB), established by the European Union.
The contract for the transmission line and substations was awarded to Pinggao Group of Companies, a Chinese firm, in November 2017, and became effective in December 2017.
NEPSE BROKER NO 20 : SILPA SECURITIES
Sipla Securities Pvt. Limited
- Broker Code: 20
- Address: Gyaneshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Contact Numbers:
- Phone: +977-1-4543182
- Alternate Phone: +977-1-4543183
- Email: sipla20@gmail.com
- Website: siplasecurities.com
- TMS Link: TMS for Sipla Securities
About THE COMPANY
Pioneering Investment Transformation, Empowering Individuals and EnterprisesBacked by 25 years of expertise as a licensed broker (License No. 20), Sipla Securities Pvt. Ltd. has thrived in the business world since its inception. With licenses and regulations from SEBON, NEPSE, and CDS, we maintain a steadfast commitment to excellence. Guided by a dedicated team of seasoned professionals, grown to serve over 10,000 valued clients.
SERVICES
- Opening a DEMAT A/C and MeroShare A/C
- Dematerialization
- Rematerialization
- Pledging and Unpledging
- Family and Inheritance
- Trade Settlement
- ntly.
Why TO SILPA
- Secure: prioritize the security of investment above all else, providing a trustworthy platform for stock broking in Nepal.
- Invest: Access a wide range of investment opportunities, including pre-IPO shares and portfolio management services.
- Plan: Offer consultations to help you recognize NEPSE trends and create personalized investment strategies tailored to financial goals.
- Learn: Expert team provides resources and knowledge about risks in the stock market, ensuring well-informed to make decisions.
Values
Strive to be Nepal’s top stock brokerage firm, guided by core values that put stakeholders at the heart of everything
- Employee Happiness: A happy workplace leads to better customer experiences.
- Expertise Empowerment: equip our team with skills for informed trading decisions.
- Harmony and Respect: Fostering respect and teamwork among all stakeholders.
- Continuous Growth: Commitment to improvement ensures get the best service possible.
Vision
To be Nepal’s most convenient and trusted stock brokerage firm, setting industry standards for reliability and security through technology and personal service.
Mission
Mission to deliver successful investment solutions and exceptional customer service, helping clients achieve extraordinary returns while ensuring the protection of their investments.
Open Hours
- Days: Sunday – Friday
- Time: 10:00 AM – 05:00 PM
NEPSE BROKER NO 19 : NIST SECURITIES
Nepal Investment and Securities Trading Pvt. Limited
- Broker Code: 19
- Address: House No. 60, Ghumti Kumari Marg-31, Old Baneshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Contact Numbers:
- Phone: +977-1-4495450
- Alternate Phone: +977-1-4480072
- Biratnagar Office: +977-21-590657, +977-21-590216
- Email: communications@nist19.com
- Website: nist19.com
- TMS Link: TMS for NIST19
About the Company
Registered on November 6, 1995, under the Company Act of Nepal as a private limited company, Nepal Investment and Securities Trading Pvt. Limited started its business activities on January 22, 1997, after obtaining and being allotted license number 19 from the Securities Exchange Board of Nepal (SEBON). The company complies with the suggestions and directives of SEBON and the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE), committing to corporate governance and adopting best practices in the industry.We have also established Nepal DP Ltd., a depository participant company in collaboration with other broker companies. Having been associated with the stock market in Nepal since its inception, we have witnessed major changes in the Nepalese stock market and have been providing professional services catering to the investment and security needs of our clients.
Branches
Kathmandu Office
- Address: House No. 60, Ghumti Kumari Marg-31, Old Baneshwor, Kathmandu
- Contact Numbers: +977 01-4595450, +977 01-4580072, +977 01-4590727
Biratnagar Office
- Address: Motiram Marg-7, Biratnagar, Province-1, Morang
- Contact Numbers: +977 021-590657, +977 021-590216
Services Offered
- Sales Orders
- Executing trades for customers by selling stocks as directed.
- Purchase Orders
- Facilitating stock purchases on behalf of clients with precise order fulfillment.
- CKYC (Central Know Your Customer)
- Streamlining onboarding processes with reduced paperwork and enhanced security for identity verification.
Commissions
| Transaction Amount | Brokerage Fee* |
|---|---|
| Up to Rs 50,000 | 0.36% |
| Rs 50,001 to Rs 500,000 | 0.33% |
| Rs 500,001 to Rs 2,000,000 | 0.31% |
| Rs 2,000,001 to Rs 10,000,000 | 0.27% |
| Above Rs 10,000,000 | 0.24% |
Open Hours
- Days: Sunday – Friday
- Time: 10:00 AM – 05:00 PM
NEPSE BROEKR NO 18 : SAGARMATHA SECURITIES
Sagarmatha Securities Pvt. Limited
- Broker Code: 18
- Address: Putalisadak, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Contact Number: +977-1-4439315
- Website: sagarmathasecurities.com
- TMS Link: TMS for Sagarmatha Securities
Services Offered
- Trading Account
- Sagarmatha Securities provides trading accounts for residents of Nepal, ensuring fair trades in shares, bonds, and other securities.
- Demat Account
- The firm offers electronic Demat accounts that act like bank accounts for holding securities such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds.
- MeroShare Services
- Sagarmatha Securities also provides MeroShare services to facilitate secure management of securities in electronic format.
Charges
Brokerage Fees for Buying and Selling Transactions
- Up to NPR 50,000: 0.36%
- NPR 50,000 to NPR 500,000: 0.33%
- NPR 500,000 to NPR 2,000,000: 0.34%
- NPR 2,000,000 to NPR 10,000,000: 0.27%
- Above NPR 10,000,000: 0.24%
Depository Member Charges
- Account Opening Fee: NPR 150 (one-time)
- Account Renewal and Maintenance Fee: NPR 100 (per year)
- Securities Transfer Fee: NPR 25 (per company, per day)
- Securities Blocking and Unblocking Fee: NPR 50 (per company)
- Residential Name Transfer Fee: 2% or minimum NPR 200
- Death Name Transfer Fee: 0.5% or minimum NPR 25
BROKER NO 17 : ABC SECURITIES
ABC Securities Pvt. Limited
- Broker Code: 17
- Address: Indrachowk, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Contact Numbers:
- Phone: +977-1-4230787
- Alternate Phone: +977-1-4266507
- Email: abcsecurities17@gmail.com
- Website: abc.com.np
- TMS Link: TMS for ABC Securities
Services Offered
- Trading Account
- ABC Securities Pvt. Limited ensures fair trades for residents of Nepal in shares, bonds, and more.
- Demat Account
- Type: Electronic Demat Accounts
- Overview: ABC Securities Pvt. Ltd. (DP ID: 13200) offers electronic Demat accounts that function like bank accounts for your securities, including stocks, bonds, and mutual funds.
- MeroShare Services
- ABC Securities Pvt. Ltd. provides MeroShare services alongside Demat accounts, allowing for secure management of securities in electronic format.
BROKER NO 16 :Primo Securities Pvt. Limited
Primo Securities Pvt. Limited, known as Broker No. 16 in Nepal, has been a prominent player in the stock brokerage industry since its inception in 1993. Here are the key details about the company:
Primo Securities Pvt. Limited
- Broker Code: 16
- Website: primosecurities.com.np
- Address: 49/8, Shanker Dev Marg, Putalisadak, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Contact Number: +977-9818766640
Overview
- Established: Originally started as an individual broker in 1993 and rebranded as Primo Securities Pvt. Limited in 1996.
- Experience: Over 27 years in providing stock brokerage services.
- Services Offered:
- Brokerage Services: Facilitating buying and selling of stocks listed on the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE).
- Online Trading: Offering online trading facilities for ease of transactions.
- Depository Services: As a registered Depository Participant of CDS and Clearing Limited, they provide services such as opening Demat accounts, dematerialization of shares, and handling DIS (Delivery Instruction Slips) for trades.
Additional Features
- Client Support: The firm prides itself on delivering high-quality services and maintaining strong relationships with clients across Nepal.
- Demat Account Services: They assist clients in setting up Demat accounts quickly and efficiently, including handling physical share certificates.
LARGEST MOBILE PHONE BRANDS IN THE WORLD
The smartphone industry is constantly evolving, with numerous brands competing for dominance. As of 2024, here are the top 10 mobile brands in the world, highlighting their key features, market share, and recent performance:
1. Apple
- Market Share: 23%
- Quarterly Shipments: 78.7 million units
- Overview: Apple continues to lead the premium smartphone market with its iPhone lineup. The recent iPhone 15 series introduced significant upgrades like USB-C ports and enhanced camera capabilities. Apple’s strong ecosystem and brand loyalty keep it at the forefront of the industry.
2. Samsung
- Market Share: 19.2%
- Quarterly Shipments: 53.2 million units
- Overview: As a major player in the Android market, Samsung offers a diverse range of devices from budget to flagship models. The Galaxy S23 Ultra and Galaxy Z Fold series are among its best sellers, showcasing innovative features and robust performance.
3. Xiaomi
- Market Share: 11.9%
- Quarterly Shipments: 41.2 million units
- Overview: Known for providing excellent value for money, Xiaomi has rapidly gained market share with its feature-rich smartphones like the Redmi Note series and Mi series. The brand is recognized for its competitive pricing and high-quality specs.
4. Transsion
- Market Share: 8.5%
- Quarterly Shipments: 30.1 million units
- Overview: Transsion, which includes brands like Tecno and Infinix, focuses primarily on emerging markets in Africa and Asia. Its devices are popular for their affordability and camera features tailored to local preferences.
5. OPPO
- Market Share: 5%
- Quarterly Shipments: 24.4 million units
- Overview: OPPO is known for its stylish designs and camera innovations, particularly in the Reno and Find series. The Find X7 Ultra has been highlighted for its advanced photography capabilities and fast charging technology.
6. Vivo
- Market Share: 4%
- Quarterly Shipments: 24 million units
- Overview: Vivo emphasizes camera quality and design, appealing to younger consumers with its V and X series smartphones that combine aesthetics with performance.
7. Honor
- Market Share: 3%
- Quarterly Shipments: 16 million units
- Overview: Originally a sub-brand of Huawei, Honor has re-established itself as an independent brand offering competitive mid-range smartphones that focus on value and performance.
8. Motorola
- Market Share: 2%
- Quarterly Shipments: 12.5 million units
- Overview: A veteran in the mobile industry, Motorola continues to produce reliable smartphones across various price ranges, including innovative foldable models that attract attention.
9. Huawei
- Market Share: 3.59%
- Quarterly Shipments: 12.3 million units
- Overview: Despite facing challenges due to US sanctions affecting software access, Huawei remains a strong contender with its high-end P series and Mate series smartphones known for their exceptional camera technology.
10. Realme
- Market Share: Approximately 3%
- Quarterly Shipments: 12.1 million units
- Overview: Realme has quickly gained popularity by offering affordable smartphones packed with features, targeting budget-conscious consumers looking for good performance.
EURO/US DOLLAR CHART
TO DO LIST APPLICATION IN HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>To-Do List App</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f4f4f4;
color: #333;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
}
.container {
background: white;
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
width: 300px;
text-align: center;
}
h1 {
font-size: 24px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
input[type="text"] {
width: 70%;
padding: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
}
button {
padding: 10px;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
background-color: #5cb85c;
color: white;
cursor: pointer;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #4cae4c;
}
ul {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 0;
margin: 10px 0;
}
li {
padding: 10px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
}
.completed {
text-decoration: line-through;
color: #999;
}
.filter-buttons {
margin-top: 10px;
}
.filter-buttons button {
background-color: #007bff;
margin: 5px;
}
.filter-buttons button.active {
background-color: #0056b3;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>To-Do List</h1>
<input type="text" id="taskInput" placeholder="Add a new task...">
<button id="addTaskButton">Add Task</button>
<ul id="taskList"></ul>
<div class="filter-buttons">
<button id="allButton" class="active">All</button>
<button id="activeButton">Active</button>
<button id="completedButton">Completed</button>
</div>
</div>
<script>
const taskInput = document.getElementById("taskInput");
const addTaskButton = document.getElementById("addTaskButton");
const taskList = document.getElementById("taskList");
const allButton = document.getElementById("allButton");
const activeButton = document.getElementById("activeButton");
const completedButton = document.getElementById("completedButton");
let tasks = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("tasks")) || [];
function renderTasks(filter) {
taskList.innerHTML = "";
tasks.forEach((task, index) => {
if (filter === "all" || (filter === "active" && !task.completed) || (filter === "completed" && task.completed)) {
const li = document.createElement("li");
li.innerText = task.text;
if (task.completed) {
li.classList.add("completed");
}
li.addEventListener("click", () => toggleTaskCompletion(index));
const deleteButton = document.createElement("button");
deleteButton.innerText = "Delete";
deleteButton.addEventListener("click", (e) => {
e.stopPropagation();
deleteTask(index);
});
li.appendChild(deleteButton);
taskList.appendChild(li);
}
});
}
function addTask() {
const taskText = taskInput.value.trim();
if (taskText) {
tasks.push({ text: taskText, completed: false });
taskInput.value = "";
saveTasks();
renderTasks(getActiveFilter());
}
}
function deleteTask(index) {
tasks.splice(index, 1);
saveTasks();
renderTasks(getActiveFilter());
}
function toggleTaskCompletion(index) {
tasks[index].completed = !tasks[index].completed;
saveTasks();
renderTasks(getActiveFilter());
}
function saveTasks() {
localStorage.setItem("tasks", JSON.stringify(tasks));
}
function getActiveFilter() {
return document.querySelector(".filter-buttons button.active").id.replace("Button", "").toLowerCase();
}
addTaskButton.addEventListener("click", addTask);
allButton.addEventListener("click", () => {
allButton.classList.add("active");
activeButton.classList.remove("active");
completedButton.classList.remove("active");
renderTasks("all");
});
activeButton.addEventListener("click", () => {
allButton.classList.remove("active");
activeButton.classList.add("active");
completedButton.classList.remove("active");
renderTasks("active");
});
completedButton.addEventListener("click", () => {
allButton.classList.remove("active");
activeButton.classList.remove("active");
completedButton.classList.add("active");
renderTasks("completed");
});
// Initial render
renderTasks("all");
</script>
</body>
</html>
DIGITAL CLOCK
CODE IN HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT FOR DIGITAL CLOCK
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Advanced Digital Clock</title>
<style>
body {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #121212;
color: #ffffff;
}
.clock-container {
text-align: center;
background: #333;
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}
.clock {
font-size: 48px;
font-weight: bold;
letter-spacing: 2px;
}
.date {
font-size: 24px;
margin-top: 10px;
color: #bbb;
}
.timezone {
font-size: 20px;
margin-top: 5px;
color: #ff8c00;
}
.features {
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 16px;
color: #90ee90;
}
.settings {
margin-top: 20px;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 10px;
}
.settings input[type="color"],
.settings select,
.settings button {
padding: 5px;
font-size: 16px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="clock-container">
<div class="clock" id="clock">00:00:00</div>
<div class="date" id="date">Sunday, January 1, 2024</div>
<div class="timezone" id="timezone">TimeZone: UTC</div>
<div class="settings">
<label for="colorPicker">Change Background Color:</label>
<input type="color" id="colorPicker" value="#121212">
<label for="formatSelect">Select Time Format:</label>
<select id="formatSelect">
<option value="12">12-Hour</option>
<option value="24">24-Hour</option>
</select>
<label for="timezoneSelect">Change Timezone:</label>
<select id="timezoneSelect">
<option value="UTC">UTC</option>
<option value="GMT">GMT</option>
<option value="CET">CET</option>
<option value="EST">EST</option>
<option value="PST">PST</option>
<!-- Add more time zones as needed -->
</select>
<button id="saveSettings">Save Settings</button>
<button onclick="toggleFullScreen()">Toggle Fullscreen</button>
</div>
<script>
const clock = document.getElementById("clock");
const dateEl = document.getElementById("date");
const timezoneEl = document.getElementById("timezone");
const colorPicker = document.getElementById("colorPicker");
const formatSelect = document.getElementById("formatSelect");
const timezoneSelect = document.getElementById("timezoneSelect");
let is24HourFormat = false;
// Load saved preferences
window.onload = function () {
const savedColor = localStorage.getItem("bgColor") || "#121212";
const savedFormat = localStorage.getItem("timeFormat") || "12";
const savedTimezone = localStorage.getItem("timezone") || "UTC";
document.body.style.backgroundColor = savedColor;
colorPicker.value = savedColor;
formatSelect.value = savedFormat;
timezoneSelect.value = savedTimezone;
is24HourFormat = savedFormat === "24";
timezoneEl.innerText = `TimeZone: ${savedTimezone}`;
updateClock();
setInterval(updateClock, 1000);
};
// Update clock and date
function updateClock() {
const now = new Date();
const hours = is24HourFormat ? now.getUTCHours() : ((now.getUTCHours() % 12) || 12);
const minutes = now.getUTCMinutes();
const seconds = now.getUTCSeconds();
const ampm = now.getUTCHours() >= 12 ? "PM" : "AM";
clock.innerText = `${String(hours).padStart(2, '0')}:${String(minutes).padStart(2, '0')}:${String(seconds).padStart(2, '0')} ${!is24HourFormat ? ampm : ""}`;
dateEl.innerText = now.toUTCString().slice(0, 16); // Displays the day and date
}
// Save settings
document.getElementById("saveSettings").onclick = function () {
localStorage.setItem("bgColor", colorPicker.value);
localStorage.setItem("timeFormat", formatSelect.value);
localStorage.setItem("timezone", timezoneSelect.value);
document.body.style.backgroundColor = colorPicker.value;
is24HourFormat = formatSelect.value === "24";
timezoneEl.innerText = `TimeZone: ${timezoneSelect.value}`;
alert("Settings saved!");
};
// Fullscreen toggle
function toggleFullScreen() {
if (!document.fullscreenElement) {
document.documentElement.requestFullscreen();
} else {
document.exitFullscreen();
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Nepal Oil Corporation Reduces Diesel and Kerosene Prices
Nepal Oil Corporation (NOC) has reduced the price of diesel and kerosene. In a board meeting held on Thursday, the corporation decided to decrease the previous selling price of diesel and kerosene by NPR 1 per liter, effective from midnight tonight.
With this adjustment, diesel will now cost NPR 147.50 per liter for the first category, NPR 149 per liter for the second category, and NPR 150 per liter for the third category. NOC has classified its depots into three categories: Charali, Biratnagar, Janakpur, Amlekhgunj, Bhalwari, Nepalgunj, Dhangadhi, and Birgunj depots are in the first category; Surkhet and Dang are in the second category; and Kathmandu, Pokhara, and Dipayal depots are in the third category.
According to NOC, the price adjustment was made due to the latest purchase rates from Indian Oil Corporation, with the per-liter price of petrol reduced by NPR 0.25 and diesel by NPR 1.04.
NOBEL PEACE PRIZE
Introduction
The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the most esteemed awards in the world, symbolizing humanity’s quest for peace and goodwill. Established through the last will of Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite and a Swedish industrialist, the Nobel Peace Prize is awarded annually to individuals or organizations who have made impactful contributions to fostering peace. Nobel’s vision for this award was grounded in his commitment to recognizing efforts that help diminish the dangers of war, encourage diplomacy, and uplift humanitarian efforts globally. The Peace Prize has since evolved, reflecting modern-day challenges and honoring those who strive to address complex global issues, from conflict resolution and human rights advocacy to climate change and poverty alleviation. This exploration delves into the rich history, notable laureates, criteria, controversies, and significance of the Nobel Peace Prize, providing insight into its transformative role in promoting peace worldwide.
1. History of the Nobel Peace Prize
- Origins: The Nobel Peace Prize was established by Alfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist, chemist, and inventor of dynamite, through his will in 1895. His vision was to use his fortune to honor those who have contributed to humanity in various fields, including peace.
- First Prize: The first Nobel Peace Prize was awarded in 1901 to Henry Dunant, founder of the International Red Cross, and Frédéric Passy, a peace advocate.
2. Selection Process and Criteria
- Nomination: Qualified nominators include members of national governments, university professors, former laureates, and certain international organizations. Nominations close on February 1 each year.
- Criteria: The prize is awarded to individuals or groups who have made substantial efforts toward ending conflict, reducing armament, and promoting peaceful solutions.
- Selection: The Norwegian Nobel Committee, appointed by the Norwegian Parliament, is responsible for choosing the laureates. The committee reviews nominees and awards the prize in early October, with the ceremony held on December 10.
3. Notable Nobel Peace Prize Laureates
- Early Laureates: The first few decades of the prize honored individuals working on arbitration and diplomacy, like Theodore Roosevelt (1906) and Woodrow Wilson (1919).
- Humanitarian and Civil Rights Leaders: Martin Luther King Jr. (1964) for his civil rights efforts, Mother Teresa (1979) for her humanitarian work, and Malala Yousafzai (2014), the youngest laureate, recognized for her advocacy for girls’ education.
- Organizations: Organizations like the Red Cross (awarded three times), Amnesty International (1977), and the United Nations and its affiliates have been honored for promoting peace and humanitarian efforts.
4. Controversies and Criticisms
- Political and Controversial Laureates: Some awards have sparked debate, especially those given to sitting politicians or controversial figures, like Henry Kissinger in 1973 or Aung San Suu Kyi, whose later silence on human rights abuses led to criticism.
- Missed Opportunities: Many notable figures in peace, like Mahatma Gandhi, have never received the prize, prompting questions about the selection process.
- Organizations in Conflict: Awards to organizations engaged in political conflict, such as the European Union (2012), have been criticized by those who view them as politically motivated.
5. Impact of the Nobel Peace Prize
- Encouraging Peace Efforts: The prize has elevated the profiles of peace advocates, organizations, and human rights movements, helping to mobilize global support and funding.
- Inspiring Future Generations: By awarding individuals like Malala Yousafzai, the prize has inspired young people around the world to engage in social justice and advocacy.
6. Contemporary Relevance
- Global Challenges: The prize has become increasingly focused on issues beyond traditional warfare, recognizing work in environmental protection, democracy, and combating poverty—seen as essential for sustainable peace.
- Recent Laureates: In recent years, laureates have included climate activists, journalists, and advocates for human rights, reflecting the changing nature of global peace efforts.
7. Ceremony and Award Presentation
- Nobel Ceremony: The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded at a ceremony in Oslo, Norway, on December 10, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death. The award includes a medal, a diploma, and a cash prize.
- Symbolism and Tradition: The Peace Prize ceremony is distinctive, with traditions such as the Nobel Lecture, where laureates present their views on peace, and the Nobel Banquet.
8. The Nobel Peace Prize Medal
- Design and Symbolism: The Nobel Peace Prize medal, struck in gold, features the profile of Alfred Nobel. The reverse side varies but often includes symbols of peace, such as doves or olive branches.
9. Challenges in Awarding the Nobel Peace Prize
- Evolving Definition of Peace: As global issues evolve, the Nobel Committee faces challenges in defining “peace efforts.” Modern conflicts often involve complex socio-political and environmental issues, which have broadened the scope of the award.
- Balancing Political Neutrality: The committee strives to remain impartial, though criticisms arise regarding certain politically charged awards.
10. Significance and Legacy
- Global Influence: The Nobel Peace Prize remains a symbol of international peace and solidarity, with recipients often using their platform to address pressing global issues.
- Nobel’s Vision in Modern Times: Alfred Nobel’s vision for the prize as a catalyst for peace continues to shape international discourse, encouraging efforts toward global harmony and humanitarian progress.
References
- Nobel Prize. (n.d.). The Nobel Peace Prize. Retrieved from https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace
- Norwegian Nobel Institute. (n.d.). The Nobel Peace Prize Selection Process. Retrieved from https://www.nobelpeaceprize.org
- Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. (2023). Nobel Peace Prize. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nobel-Peace-Prize
- Abrams, E. (2018). Controversies Surrounding the Nobel Peace Prize. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com
- Slobodian, Q. (2019). The Political Influence of the Nobel Peace Prize. Foreign Policy. Retrieved from https://foreignpolicy.com
FIRST MICROFINANCE ANNOUNCED DIVIDENT
First Microfinance Laghubitta Bittiya Sanstha Limited (FMDBL) has announced a dividend for shareholders from the profits of the past fiscal year.
The microfinance institution has decided to distribute a 9.47% dividend on the paid-up capital, which includes a 9% bonus share and a 0.47% cash dividend for tax purposes.
This dividend will be distributed after approval from the Nepal Rastra Bank and endorsement by the upcoming annual general meeting.
COMPNAY CHART
Perplexity AI
Perplexity AI is an advanced artificial intelligence company focused on creating state-of-the-art AI systems for natural language understanding and interactive information retrieval. Its mission revolves around building sophisticated AI-driven tools to facilitate efficient and accurate question-answering and data synthesis. Founded by Aravind Srinivas and a team of AI and machine learning researchers, Perplexity AI has quickly positioned itself as an innovative force in the AI research and applied technology fields.
Here’s an in-depth look at the various facets of Perplexity AI:
1. Founding and Background
- Founders and Origin: Perplexity AI was founded by Aravind Srinivas, who has a background in AI research and deep learning. The company brings together experts from AI fields, including former employees of major tech companies and academic researchers, to develop advanced AI solutions. Perplexity’s initial focus was on natural language processing (NLP) and building a system that can interact with users conversationally, extracting information and answering questions.
- Mission and Vision: The company aims to democratize information access by leveraging AI to create fast, accurate, and user-friendly systems. Perplexity AI’s overarching goal is to advance human knowledge and decision-making by providing clear, concise, and relevant information derived from large datasets.
2. Core Technology
Perplexity AI’s technology is based on a combination of natural language processing, deep learning, and reinforcement learning.
- Question-Answering System: The Perplexity AI model is specifically designed for answering complex queries and providing summaries by extracting information from vast data sources. Using algorithms inspired by cutting-edge transformer architectures, it can understand nuanced queries and deliver relevant, fact-based answers.
- Generative Pretrained Transformers (GPT): Perplexity AI uses advanced language models similar to GPT (Generative Pretrained Transformer) to interpret and generate human-like responses. This enables the platform to answer questions, provide insights, and engage in coherent and contextually appropriate conversations with users.
- Web-Crawling and Information Aggregation: Perplexity AI aggregates information from a variety of reliable online sources. By cross-referencing data from trusted sites, it ensures that the answers it provides are accurate, current, and relevant.
- Real-Time Information Retrieval: One of Perplexity AI’s notable features is its ability to retrieve real-time data, allowing it to stay updated on current events and provide timely responses.
3. User Experience and Interface
Perplexity AI has designed a clean, intuitive interface that emphasizes ease of use and interaction.
- Simple Query Submission: Users can input questions in natural language, and the platform is capable of understanding and responding with precision. This simplicity makes Perplexity AI appealing for users with varying levels of technical expertise.
- Summarization and Follow-Up: Perplexity can summarize complex information and allows users to ask follow-up questions to dig deeper into topics. This makes it ideal for research, fact-checking, and learning.
- Source Citations and Transparency: Each answer generated by Perplexity AI includes citations from reputable sources. This feature not only enhances trust but also provides users with a starting point if they wish to explore the information further.
4. Applications and Use Cases
Perplexity AI’s capabilities have broad applications across various industries.
- Research and Education: Students, educators, and researchers benefit from Perplexity’s detailed responses and real-time information access, using it as a tool for studying complex subjects and retrieving reliable sources.
- Customer Support: Companies integrate Perplexity’s AI models into customer support systems to handle common inquiries, provide accurate responses, and reduce human workload.
- Healthcare and Legal: In fields that require precise and up-to-date information, like healthcare and legal research, Perplexity can be used to synthesize medical literature or legal cases, aiding professionals in informed decision-making.
- Market Research: Analysts use Perplexity AI to quickly gather insights on industries, companies, and trends by posing targeted questions that the AI can answer with relevant data points.
5. Competitive Landscape
Perplexity AI is part of the broader AI landscape, competing with both large tech companies and specialized AI firms.
- Major Competitors: Competitors include large firms with proprietary AI solutions, such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT, Google’s Bard, and Microsoft’s AI-powered Bing. Smaller companies focused on similar objectives, like Kagi and You.com, also compete with Perplexity in the question-answering and search markets.
- Differentiation: Perplexity AI distinguishes itself with an emphasis on accuracy, transparency, and efficient information retrieval. By prioritizing source citations and reliable data, Perplexity positions itself as a trusted source for professional-grade information retrieval rather than a purely conversational chatbot.
6. Ethics and Data Privacy
Perplexity AI is committed to ethical AI development, particularly around privacy and information accuracy.
- Data Privacy: User data is protected to ensure that personal information is not used for training or shared with third parties without consent. This approach aligns with global data protection standards, like GDPR, emphasizing user privacy.
- Commitment to Reliable Information: In an era of misinformation, Perplexity AI prioritizes credible sources and citation transparency, aiming to build trust among users and mitigate the spread of false information.
- Ethical AI Principles: The company adopts AI ethics standards to ensure the AI system’s responses are not only fact-based but also socially responsible. Perplexity AI’s team continually updates the system to reduce biases and address ethical concerns in AI.
7. Future Directions and Innovations
As Perplexity AI grows, it focuses on expanding its features and refining its models.
- Enhanced Real-Time Capabilities: Future versions are likely to improve real-time information retrieval, potentially integrating with APIs for up-to-the-minute data on topics like financial markets, news, and weather.
- Multilingual Support: To broaden accessibility, Perplexity AI is exploring the addition of multilingual capabilities, enabling users worldwide to interact with the platform in their preferred language.
- Domain-Specific AI Solutions: Perplexity is likely to release tailored AI solutions for specific industries, like finance, legal, and healthcare, where its question-answering capabilities can add significant value.
- Integration with Business Tools: Perplexity AI may integrate with enterprise tools and software, like CRM and productivity suites, making it a powerful asset for organizations seeking to streamline knowledge management and internal support.
8. Impact and Challenges
Perplexity AI is poised to make a considerable impact on the way people access and verify information.
- Positive Impact: By providing accessible, reliable, and transparent answers, Perplexity AI enhances knowledge-sharing and reduces the time required to find accurate information. It can transform workflows in research-intensive fields and streamline operations in customer support and education.
- Challenges: As with any AI company, Perplexity faces challenges related to AI biases, information accuracy, and privacy concerns. Ensuring that the AI provides accurate information and mitigates biases remains an ongoing challenge.
- Scalability: Managing increased user demand while maintaining fast response times and high accuracy is critical as the company grows.
9. Corporate Culture and Leadership
- Leadership Style: Perplexity AI’s leadership, spearheaded by Aravind Srinivas, is research-driven and innovation-focused. The company has a culture rooted in ethical AI development and transparency, with a strong emphasis on collaboration among researchers and engineers.
- Work Environment: Known for its collaborative work environment, Perplexity AI encourages cross-functional teamwork, where AI researchers, developers, and product managers work closely to refine the platform’s capabilities.
- Community Engagement: Perplexity AI actively engages with the tech and research communities, publishing findings, contributing to AI ethics discussions, and promoting responsible AI usage.
10. Outlook
Perplexity AI’s trajectory indicates promising potential as it addresses the growing need for reliable AI-powered information tools. With continuous improvements to its AI models, ethical commitment, and innovative product features, Perplexity AI is well-positioned to play a leading role in AI-driven knowledge access.
As the demand for AI systems in research, professional fields, and daily life grows, Perplexity AI is expected to become an essential tool for individuals and organizations worldwide. Its commitment to accuracy, transparency, and ethical AI practices will likely serve as a model for other AI firms in the evolving information landscape.
ROBLOX CORPORATION
Roblox Corporation is a prominent American video game and tech company, best known for developing and operating the Roblox platform, which is a global online game creation system and multiplayer platform. Founded in 2004 by David Baszucki and Erik Cassel, Roblox Corporation has grown significantly over the years, evolving into one of the most popular and valuable gaming companies globally.
1. History
- Founding and Early Development: Roblox was founded in 2004 by David Baszucki and Erik Cassel under the original name Dynablocks, and later rebranded as Roblox in 2005. The founders envisioned a platform where users could create their own virtual worlds and games. They officially launched the Roblox platform in 2006.
- Growth and Expansion: Roblox saw gradual growth in its early years, particularly among younger audiences. However, with the increasing popularity of user-generated content and online gaming, Roblox expanded its user base significantly. By 2015, it had become a major platform for both players and creators.
- IPO and Global Expansion: Roblox Corporation went public on March 10, 2021, through a direct listing on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker symbol RBLX. Since its IPO, the company has focused on international expansion and enhancing platform capabilities, such as virtual events and more immersive experiences.
2. Platform and Technology
Roblox Corporation’s main product is the Roblox platform, which allows users to create, share, and play games created by other users. The platform operates on a freemium model, where basic access is free, but users can purchase in-game currency called Robux to buy special items, upgrades, and game passes.
- Roblox Studio: The development suite Roblox Studio is a critical feature, enabling users to create games and experiences using the Roblox engine and Lua scripting language. This has made it accessible for beginners and experienced developers alike.
- Cross-Platform Compatibility: Roblox is available on multiple platforms, including PC, Mac, iOS, Android, and Xbox One, allowing for cross-platform play and broad accessibility.
- Avatar Customization and Social Interaction: Roblox emphasizes social connectivity through customizable avatars, chat features, and virtual events. This fosters community-building and frequent user engagement.
3. Business Model and Revenue Streams
Roblox Corporation primarily generates revenue through Robux sales, advertising, and partnerships.
- Robux: Roblox’s virtual currency, Robux, is used within the platform to buy various in-game items, avatars, accessories, and upgrades. Roblox takes a percentage of every transaction, with creators earning a share.
- Developer Exchange Program (DevEx): This program allows creators to convert their Robux earnings into real money, incentivizing high-quality content creation and fostering an economy within the platform.
- Premium Membership: Roblox offers a subscription service called Roblox Premium, which provides users with a monthly Robux allowance, discounts on certain in-game purchases, and other perks.
- Brand Partnerships: Roblox collaborates with various brands for in-game events and virtual goods. Partnerships with companies like Nike, Gucci, and Warner Music have brought branded experiences and events to the platform.
4. User Demographics and Community
- User Base: As of 2023, Roblox has more than 230 million active monthly users globally. The platform is particularly popular among children and teenagers, with a significant portion of its user base under 18. However, Roblox has been working to expand its appeal to older users.
- Content Creators and Developers: Roblox has a large community of developers, with over 9.5 million active creators who design and release games on the platform. Some successful developers have earned substantial revenue, with a few even turning it into a full-time career.
- Safety and Moderation: Due to its young audience, Roblox invests heavily in safety and moderation tools to prevent inappropriate content and ensure a safe environment for players. These include parental controls, chat filtering, and community guidelines.
5. Significant Games and Experiences
Roblox is home to millions of user-created games across various genres, including role-playing, adventure, simulation, and obstacle courses (known as “obby” games). Some of the platform’s most popular games have become massive virtual worlds in their own right, with millions of players and dedicated fan communities.
- Popular Games: Adopt Me!, Brookhaven, Jailbreak, MeepCity, and Tower of Hell are among the most popular games on the platform, each with millions of visits and dedicated player bases.
- Virtual Events: Roblox also hosts virtual events, such as concerts and award shows, with celebrities like Lil Nas X and Zara Larsson performing within the platform, attracting millions of attendees.
6. Technological Advancements and Future Plans
Roblox Corporation is investing in advanced technology to improve user experience and expand the platform’s capabilities.
- Roblox VR: Roblox is compatible with virtual reality (VR) on platforms like Oculus Rift, enhancing the immersion of its experiences.
- 3D and Graphics Improvements: Roblox has been improving its graphics engine, lighting effects, and rendering capabilities to create more visually appealing and realistic environments.
- AI and Machine Learning: Roblox leverages AI for content moderation, recommending games, and helping developers optimize their games and experiences.
- Expansion into the Metaverse: Roblox has branded itself as a metaverse platform, allowing users to interact, socialize, and play in virtual spaces. It continues to explore metaverse capabilities, where brands, events, and virtual economies play a significant role.
7. Impact and Criticism
Roblox Corporation has had a substantial impact on online gaming and user-generated content, but it also faces criticism.
- Positive Impact: Roblox has democratized game development, allowing anyone to create and publish games without extensive resources. It’s also been an educational tool, with Roblox Studio teaching young users the basics of coding and game design.
- Criticism and Controversies: Roblox has faced scrutiny over issues such as child safety, in-app purchases, and its revenue-sharing model, which some argue disproportionately benefits the company over individual creators. Concerns about potential exploitation of young developers have led to calls for improved transparency and fairer revenue distribution.
8. Financial Performance and Market Position
- Revenue and Valuation: Roblox Corporation reported substantial revenue growth, with annual revenues exceeding $2 billion in recent years. Its market capitalization fluctuates but has been estimated at around $20–$30 billion since its IPO.
- Competitive Position: Roblox’s primary competitors include other social gaming platforms like Fortnite’s Creative mode, Minecraft, and other emerging metaverse platforms. Roblox’s focus on user-generated content and community-driven experiences distinguishes it from other gaming companies.
9. Leadership and Corporate Culture
- CEO and Founder: David Baszucki, known as builderman on Roblox, serves as the CEO and is known for his vision of making Roblox a metaverse platform.
- Corporate Culture: Roblox emphasizes creativity, innovation, and community engagement. The company supports developer education and invests in initiatives that encourage ethical game development.
10. Future Outlook
Roblox Corporation’s future looks promising, with plans to expand its user demographics, improve platform capabilities, and enhance monetization. Its strategy includes expanding into international markets, exploring metaverse applications, and investing in immersive, high-quality user experiences.
Roblox is increasingly becoming more than just a gaming platform; it’s a social, educational, and creative environment that reflects broader trends in digital social spaces and the metaverse.
CHART
ECONOMY OF NIGER
Comprehensive Overview of Niger
1. History
Niger’s history is characterized by ancient civilizations, colonialism, and contemporary political struggles.
- Ancient Civilizations: Niger was home to several ancient civilizations, including the Aozou region where the Aterian and Capsian cultures flourished. The region later became significant for the trans-Saharan trade, connecting West Africa with North Africa and beyond.
- Colonial Era: The area was colonized by the French in the late 19th century, becoming part of French West Africa. The colonial administration significantly affected local governance and economy, primarily focusing on resource extraction.
- Independence: Niger gained independence from France on August 3, 1960. The post-independence period was marked by political instability, including a series of coups and changes in government.
- Recent History: In the 21st century, Niger has faced various challenges, including political instability, threats from extremist groups, and humanitarian crises related to poverty and food insecurity. The 2010 constitution established a semi-presidential system aimed at stabilizing the political landscape.
2. Economy
Niger has a mixed economy heavily reliant on agriculture and uranium mining.
- GDP: As of recent estimates, Niger’s GDP is approximately $12 billion, reflecting its developing economy.
- Per Capita Income: The per capita income is around $500, indicating widespread poverty and economic challenges.
- Major Economic Sectors:
- Agriculture: Agriculture employs the majority of the population, with subsistence farming being predominant. Key crops include millet, sorghum, and cowpeas.
- Mining: Niger is one of the world’s largest producers of uranium, which plays a critical role in the economy.
- Livestock: The country has a significant pastoral economy, with livestock herding contributing to food security and income.
3. Major Imported Goods
Niger imports various goods to support its economy and meet domestic needs.
- Food Products: Due to agricultural limitations, Niger imports significant quantities of food, including rice, wheat, and cooking oil.
- Machinery and Equipment: Essential for infrastructure development and various industries.
- Petroleum Products: Niger is dependent on imports for refined oil products.
- Consumer Goods: Electronics, textiles, and vehicles are among the key imported consumer items.
4. Major Exported Goods
Niger’s exports are dominated by natural resources and agricultural products.
- Uranium: Niger is one of the largest uranium producers in the world, making it a crucial export commodity.
- Livestock and Animal Products: Significant exports include cattle, goats, and sheep, which are important for trade with neighboring countries.
- Agricultural Products: Niger exports millet and other crops, though this is limited by local production levels.
- Gold: In recent years, gold mining has become increasingly important, contributing to the economy.
5. Major Highways
Niger’s road infrastructure is developing but remains challenging due to geographic and economic factors.
- Niger National Roads (Routes Nationales): The primary highways connect major urban areas and facilitate trade within the country and with neighboring nations.
- Trans-Sahara Highway: Part of a broader initiative to improve connectivity across West Africa, enhancing trade routes and access.
6. Airports
Niger has several airports that facilitate both domestic and international air travel.
- Diori Hamani International Airport (NIM): Located in Niamey, this is the main international airport, serving as a hub for both passenger and cargo flights.
- Other Airports: Include airports in cities like Agadez and Zinder, which support regional travel and trade.
7. Major Political Parties
Niger has a multi-party political system with several influential parties.
- Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS): Currently one of the leading political parties, promoting democratic governance and development.
- Mouvement Démocratique Nigérien (MDN): An opposition party advocating for social and political reforms.
- Other Parties: Include various regional and ideological parties that participate in the political process.
8. Major Leaders
Key figures in Niger’s political landscape include:
- President: Mohamed Bazoum, elected in 2021, focusing on security, economic development, and democratic governance.
- Opposition Leaders: Various leaders from opposition parties advocating for reforms and accountability in governance.
9. Major Rivers
Niger’s river systems are crucial for agriculture, transportation, and fisheries.
- Niger River: The most significant river in the country, vital for irrigation, transport, and fishing, it flows through the western part of Niger.
- Other Rivers: Include the Dallol Maouri and the Komadougou River, which support local communities and agriculture.
10. Major Goods Produced
Niger’s production is largely focused on agriculture and mining.
- Agricultural Products: Millet, sorghum, and cowpeas are major crops, with farming being central to rural livelihoods.
- Uranium and Gold: Significant mineral production, especially uranium, which is critical for exports.
- Livestock: The pastoral economy is vital for food security and economic activities.
11. Major Ethnic Groups
Niger is ethnically diverse, with several groups contributing to its rich cultural landscape.
- Hausa: The largest ethnic group, primarily found in the southwestern regions.
- Zarma-Songhai: Predominant in the southwest, known for their agricultural practices.
- Tuareg: A nomadic group primarily located in the north, known for their distinctive culture and lifestyle.
- Other Groups: Include Fulani, Kanuri, and various smaller ethnic communities.
12. Major Religions
Niger’s religious landscape reflects its cultural diversity, with Islam being predominant.
- Islam: Approximately 99% of the population is Muslim, primarily Sunni, with a rich tradition of Islamic scholarship and practice.
- Traditional Beliefs: Some communities continue to practice indigenous religions, often intertwined with Islamic beliefs.
13. Corruption
Corruption is a significant challenge in Niger, affecting governance and development.
- Corruption Perceptions Index: Niger scores low on international corruption indices, indicating challenges in public sector integrity.
- Government Initiatives: Efforts to combat corruption are ongoing, but enforcement and transparency remain problematic.
14. Major Universities
Niger has several institutions of higher learning contributing to education and research.
- Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey: The oldest and largest university in Niger, offering a variety of programs.
- Other Institutions: Include technical colleges and universities focusing on specialized fields such as agriculture and health sciences.
15. Major Cities
Niger has several key urban centers, each with distinct characteristics.
- Niamey: The capital and largest city, serving as the political, economic, and cultural center of the country.
- Zinder: A major city in the east, known for its historical significance and trade.
- Maradi: An important commercial hub in the south, reflecting the country’s agricultural wealth.
- Other Cities: Include Agadez, a center for Tuareg culture, and Dosso, known for its agricultural activities.
16. Country Ruling System
Niger operates as a semi-presidential republic, balancing powers between the executive and legislative branches.
- Presidential Authority: The President serves as both head of state and government, holding significant powers.
- Legislature: The National Assembly, with representatives elected by the public, plays a key role in law-making and governance.
- Judiciary: An independent judiciary is responsible for upholding the rule of law, though challenges related to access and influence persist.
- Political Challenges: Niger faces ongoing issues related to political stability, security, and socio-economic development, which impact governance and public trust.
ECONOMY OF MALI
Comprehensive Overview of Mali
1. History
Mali’s history is rich and diverse, marked by ancient civilizations, colonial rule, and modern political challenges.
- Ancient Civilizations: Mali was once part of the Mali Empire, which flourished from the 13th to the 16th centuries. It was renowned for its wealth, trade, and centers of learning, particularly the city of Timbuktu, which became a hub for scholars and traders.
- Colonial Era: The French colonized Mali in the late 19th century, incorporating it into French West Africa. The colonial administration significantly impacted local governance, culture, and economy, primarily focusing on resource extraction and export.
- Independence: Mali gained independence from France on September 22, 1960. After independence, the country experienced political instability, including coups and changes in government.
- Recent History: The early 21st century saw significant challenges, including a coup in 2012, the rise of Islamist extremism, and ongoing conflicts in the northern regions. Efforts toward stabilization have included international interventions and peace agreements.
2. Economy
Mali has a mixed economy heavily reliant on agriculture and natural resources.
- GDP: Mali’s GDP is approximately $18 billion, reflecting its developing economy.
- Per Capita Income: The per capita income is around $900, indicating widespread poverty and economic challenges.
- Major Economic Sectors:
- Agriculture: Agriculture is the backbone of Mali’s economy, employing a large portion of the population. Key crops include millet, rice, maize, and cotton.
- Mining: Mali is one of Africa’s leading gold producers, which plays a critical role in the economy.
- Livestock: The pastoral economy is significant, with cattle, sheep, and goats contributing to livelihoods and trade.
3. Major Imported Goods
Mali imports a variety of goods to meet its domestic needs and support its economy.
- Food Products: Due to agricultural constraints, Mali imports substantial amounts of food, including rice, wheat, and sugar.
- Machinery and Equipment: Essential for infrastructure development, mining, and various industries.
- Fuel Products: Mali relies on imports for refined oil products, crucial for transportation and energy.
- Consumer Goods: Electronics, textiles, and vehicles are among the key imported consumer items.
4. Major Exported Goods
Mali’s exports are dominated by natural resources and agricultural products.
- Gold: Mali is the third-largest gold producer in Africa, making gold its most significant export commodity.
- Cotton: Mali is one of the largest cotton producers in Africa, exporting substantial quantities.
- Livestock and Animal Products: Significant exports include cattle, sheep, and goats, which are important for trade with neighboring countries.
- Agricultural Products: Mali exports millet, rice, and other crops, though this is limited by local production levels.
5. Major Highways
Mali’s road infrastructure is essential for trade and transportation.
- Route Nationale: The primary national roads connect major urban areas and facilitate trade within the country and with neighboring nations.
- Trans-Saharan Highway: Part of a broader initiative to improve connectivity across West Africa, enhancing trade routes and access.
6. Airports
Mali has several airports that facilitate both domestic and international air travel.
- Modibo Keïta International Airport (BKO): Located in Bamako, this is the main international airport, serving as a hub for both passenger and cargo flights.
- Other Airports: Include airports in cities like Gao and Timbuktu, supporting regional travel and trade.
7. Major Political Parties
Mali has a multi-party political system, although it has faced significant instability.
- Rassemblement pour le Mali (RPM): A leading political party that has played a significant role in the country’s governance.
- Alliance pour la démocratie au Mali (ADEMA): Once the dominant party, advocating for democratic governance and development.
- Other Parties: Various regional and ideological parties participate in the political process, though many face challenges in the current political climate.
8. Major Leaders
Key figures in Mali’s political landscape include:
- President: Assimi Goïta, who came to power after the military coup in 2021, is currently leading the transitional government.
- Opposition Leaders: Various leaders from opposition parties advocating for democratic reforms and accountability in governance.
9. Major Rivers
Mali’s river systems are crucial for agriculture, transportation, and fisheries.
- Niger River: The most significant river in Mali, vital for irrigation, transport, and fishing, it flows through the western part of the country.
- Senegal River: Forms part of the border with Senegal, also important for agriculture and fishing.
10. Major Goods Produced
Mali’s production is largely focused on agriculture and mining.
- Agricultural Products: Millet, rice, and cotton are major crops, with farming being central to rural livelihoods.
- Gold: Significant mineral production, especially gold, which is critical for exports.
- Livestock: The pastoral economy is vital for food security and economic activities.
11. Major Ethnic Groups
Mali is ethnically diverse, with several groups contributing to its rich cultural landscape.
- Bambara: The largest ethnic group, primarily found in the central and southern regions.
- Tuareg: A nomadic group primarily located in the north, known for their distinctive culture and lifestyle.
- Fulani: Predominant in various regions, they are known for their cattle herding and trade.
- Other Groups: Include Soninke, Malinke, and various smaller ethnic communities.
12. Major Religions
Mali’s religious landscape reflects its cultural diversity, with Islam being predominant.
- Islam: Approximately 90% of the population is Muslim, primarily Sunni, with a rich tradition of Islamic scholarship and practice.
- Traditional Beliefs: Some communities continue to practice indigenous religions, often intertwined with Islamic beliefs.
13. Corruption
Corruption is a significant challenge in Mali, affecting governance and development.
- Corruption Perceptions Index: Mali scores low on international corruption indices, indicating challenges in public sector integrity.
- Government Initiatives: Efforts to combat corruption are ongoing, but enforcement and transparency remain problematic.
14. Major Universities
Mali has several institutions of higher learning contributing to education and research.
- University of Bamako: The largest and most significant university in Mali, offering a range of programs.
- Other Institutions: Include technical colleges and universities focusing on specialized fields such as agriculture and health sciences.
15. Major Cities
Mali has several key urban centers, each with distinct characteristics.
- Bamako: The capital and largest city, serving as the political, economic, and cultural center of the country.
- Mopti: A major city in the central region, known for its strategic location along the Niger River.
- Timbuktu: Historically significant, known for its ancient manuscripts and role in trade and scholarship.
- Other Cities: Include Sikasso, a center for agriculture, and Gao, important for trade and transport.
16. Country Ruling System
Mali operates as a semi-presidential republic, though it has faced significant instability.
- Presidential Authority: The President serves as head of state and government, holding significant powers, especially in times of crisis.
- Legislature: The National Assembly plays a key role in law-making and governance, although its effectiveness has been challenged.
- Judiciary: An independent judiciary is responsible for upholding the rule of law, though access and influence remain problematic.
- Political Challenges: Mali faces ongoing issues related to political instability, security, and socio-economic development, impacting governance and public trust.
ECONOMY OF MOZAMBIQUE
Comprehensive Overview of Mozambique
1. History
Mozambique’s history is characterized by colonialism, conflict, and a struggle for independence.
- Pre-Colonial Period: Before the arrival of Europeans, Mozambique was inhabited by several ethnic groups, including the Shona, Makua, and Sena. These groups established various kingdoms and engaged in trade with neighboring regions and beyond.
- Colonial Rule: In the late 15th century, Portuguese explorers arrived, establishing trading posts along the coast. Portugal formally annexed Mozambique in the late 19th century, leading to the exploitation of its resources and the introduction of forced labor systems.
- Struggle for Independence: In the mid-20th century, nationalist movements began to emerge, culminating in the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO) fighting against Portuguese colonial rule. Mozambique gained independence on June 25, 1975.
- Civil War: Shortly after independence, Mozambique entered a civil war between FRELIMO and the Mozambique National Resistance (RENAMO), which lasted until 1992. The conflict was marked by violence and significant displacement.
- Post-War Reconstruction: Since the end of the civil war, Mozambique has made strides in rebuilding and developing its economy, though challenges such as poverty and political instability persist.
2. Economy
Mozambique has a mixed economy with agriculture, mining, and tourism playing significant roles.
- GDP: As of recent estimates, Mozambique’s GDP is approximately $15 billion, indicating a growing but still developing economy.
- Per Capita Income: The per capita income is around $500, reflecting substantial poverty and income inequality.
- Major Economic Sectors:
- Agriculture: The backbone of the economy, employing a large portion of the population. Key crops include maize, cassava, and sugarcane.
- Mining: Mozambique is rich in natural resources, including coal and natural gas. Recent discoveries of natural gas reserves off the coast have attracted significant foreign investment.
- Tourism: With its beautiful coastline, national parks, and cultural heritage, tourism is a growing sector.
3. Major Imported Goods
Mozambique imports a variety of goods to support its economy and consumer needs.
- Machinery and Equipment: Essential for infrastructure and industrial development.
- Petroleum Products: The country relies on imports for refined oil products.
- Food Products: Including cereals, dairy, and processed foods due to insufficient local production.
- Consumer Goods: Textiles, electronics, and vehicles are significant imports.
4. Major Exported Goods
Mozambique’s exports primarily consist of natural resources and agricultural products.
- Aluminum: The country is one of Africa’s largest aluminum producers, with significant exports to international markets.
- Natural Gas: Increasingly important, especially with recent discoveries and developments in offshore gas fields.
- Agricultural Products: Key exports include cashew nuts, sugar, and tobacco, reflecting the agricultural sector’s role.
- Coal: Mozambique has significant coal reserves, primarily exported to Asian markets.
5. Major Highways
Mozambique has been working to improve its road infrastructure, although challenges remain.
- N1 Highway: The primary north-south route, connecting key cities like Maputo and Beira, facilitating trade and travel.
- Regional Connectivity: Mozambique is working to enhance its road network to improve access to neighboring countries, supporting regional trade.
6. Airports
Mozambique has several international and domestic airports to facilitate air travel.
- Maputo International Airport (MPM): The main international airport, connecting Mozambique with several global destinations.
- Other Airports: Include airports in Beira, Nampula, and Pemba, facilitating regional travel and tourism.
7. Major Political Parties
Mozambique has a multi-party political system, with several significant parties.
- FRELIMO (Mozambique Liberation Front): The ruling party since independence, it follows a socialist orientation and has been dominant in Mozambique’s politics.
- RENAMO (Mozambique National Resistance): Initially a guerrilla group during the civil war, RENAMO is now the main opposition party, advocating for democratic governance and reforms.
- Smaller Parties: Include the Democratic Movement of Mozambique and various regional parties representing local interests.
8. Major Leaders
Key figures in Mozambique’s political landscape include:
- President: Filipe Nyusi, in office since 2015, focusing on economic development and national unity.
- Opposition Leaders: Leaders from RENAMO and other parties play significant roles in advocating for democratic governance and social issues.
9. Major Rivers
Mozambique’s river systems are vital for agriculture, transport, and hydroelectric power generation.
- Zambezi River: The largest river in Mozambique, crucial for agriculture and hydroelectric projects.
- Limpopo River: Forms part of the border with South Africa and plays a role in regional agriculture and transport.
- Ruvuma River: Forms part of the border with Tanzania, important for ecological and cultural significance.
10. Major Goods Produced
Mozambique’s production reflects its economic strengths and challenges.
- Agricultural Products: Maize, cassava, sugarcane, and cashew nuts are significant outputs, reflecting the importance of agriculture.
- Mineral Resources: Coal, natural gas, and aluminum are key products, with increasing investments in extraction and processing.
- Fisheries: Mozambique has a rich marine resource base, contributing to local food security and exports.
11. Major Ethnic Groups
Mozambique is home to diverse ethnic groups, contributing to its cultural richness.
- Makua: The largest ethnic group, primarily found in the north.
- Tsonga: Predominant in the southern region, known for their rich cultural traditions.
- Shona: Located mainly in the central part of the country, they share cultural ties with Zimbabwe.
- Other Groups: Include the Sena, Yao, and various smaller groups, each contributing to the country’s diversity.
12. Major Religions
Mozambique’s religious landscape reflects its cultural diversity.
- Christianity: About 56% of the population identifies as Christian, with significant Roman Catholic and Protestant communities.
- Traditional Beliefs: Many Mozambicans also practice indigenous religions alongside Christianity.
- Islam: Approximately 18% of the population identifies as Muslim, primarily in the northern regions.
13. Corruption
Corruption remains a challenge for Mozambique’s governance and development.
- Corruption Perceptions Index: Mozambique has low scores on international corruption indices, reflecting issues in governance and transparency.
- Government Initiatives: The government has launched initiatives to combat corruption, but enforcement and accountability remain significant challenges.
14. Major Universities
Mozambique has several institutions of higher education contributing to its educational landscape.
- University of Eduardo Mondlane: The oldest and most prestigious university in Mozambique, offering a wide range of programs.
- Mozambique Technical University: Focuses on engineering and technical disciplines, playing a crucial role in workforce development.
- Other Institutions: Include several private universities and colleges that contribute to higher education and vocational training.
15. Major Cities
Mozambique has several key urban centers, each with unique characteristics.
- Maputo: The capital and largest city, known for its vibrant culture, markets, and economic activities.
- Beira: A major port city, crucial for trade and transport, and the second-largest city in Mozambique.
- Nampula: An important economic center in the north, known for its agricultural and commercial activities.
- Other Cities: Include Pemba, Tete, and Quelimane, each contributing to the country’s diversity and economic landscape.
16. Country Ruling System
Mozambique is a unitary presidential republic with a multi-party system.
- Presidential Authority: The President is the head of state and government, wielding considerable executive power.
- Legislature: The Assembly of the Republic is unicameral, consisting of deputies elected by popular vote, responsible for legislative functions.
- Judiciary: The judicial system includes various levels of courts, although there are concerns about independence and political influence.
- Recent Developments: The government has made efforts toward political stability and economic development, but challenges remain, particularly in rural areas and regarding political opposition.
ECONOMY OF ANGOLA
Comprehensive Overview of Morocco
1. History
Morocco’s history is characterized by its rich cultural heritage, influenced by various civilizations.
- Prehistoric Era: Archaeological findings suggest that Morocco has been inhabited since prehistoric times, with evidence of early human activity found in the Atlas Mountains.
- Ancient Civilizations: The area was home to the Berbers, indigenous tribes known for their resistance to foreign invasions. It became part of the Phoenician and later Roman empires, with cities like Volubilis showcasing Roman architecture.
- Islamic Conquest: In the 7th century, Arab armies conquered Morocco, leading to the spread of Islam and Arab culture. The region became an important center of Islamic learning and trade.
- Dynastic Rule: Morocco was ruled by various dynasties, including the Almoravids, Almohads, and Merinids, who contributed significantly to its architectural and cultural landscape. The Saadian dynasty is particularly noted for its cultural achievements and the construction of monuments such as the El Badi Palace.
- Colonial Era: In the late 19th century, Morocco became a target for European powers. In 1912, France and Spain established a protectorate over Morocco, leading to widespread resistance, most notably the Rif War led by Abd el-Krim in the 1920s.
- Independence: Morocco gained independence from France and Spain in 1956. King Mohammed V played a crucial role in the independence movement.
- Modern Era: King Hassan II ruled from 1961 until his death in 1999, during which Morocco saw significant political unrest and the “Years of Lead,” a period marked by political repression. King Mohammed VI, who succeeded Hassan II, has implemented various political and economic reforms.
2. Economy
Morocco has a diverse economy, relying on agriculture, mining, and tourism.
- GDP: As of recent estimates, Morocco’s GDP is approximately $130 billion, showing a steady growth trajectory.
- Per Capita Income: The per capita income stands at around $3,500, indicating economic challenges despite growth.
- Major Economic Sectors:
- Agriculture: A significant sector employing a large portion of the workforce, producing crops like wheat, barley, citrus fruits, and olives.
- Mining: Morocco is rich in mineral resources, particularly phosphates, of which it is one of the world’s leading exporters.
- Tourism: A vital sector, with millions of visitors attracted to Morocco’s rich history, architecture, and landscapes.
- Industrial Development: The country is also investing in manufacturing, particularly in the automotive and aerospace industries, aiming to diversify its economy.
3. Major Imported Goods
Morocco imports a variety of goods to support its economy and industries.
- Energy Products: Oil and gas are major imports, as Morocco lacks significant domestic fossil fuel resources.
- Capital Goods: Machinery and equipment necessary for industrial and infrastructural development.
- Food Products: Due to its agricultural needs, Morocco imports cereals, sugar, and dairy products.
- Consumer Goods: Electronics, vehicles, and textiles are also significant imports.
4. Major Exported Goods
Morocco’s export profile reflects its diverse economy.
- Phosphates: The country is one of the largest exporters of phosphates and phosphate derivatives, used in fertilizers.
- Agricultural Products: Fruits (especially citrus), vegetables, and fish are key exports, with Europe being the primary market.
- Textiles and Apparel: The textile industry has grown, with significant exports to Europe and North America.
- Automotive Parts: The automotive sector is expanding, with various components being exported.
5. Major Highways
Morocco has developed a network of highways to enhance connectivity.
- National Route 1: This major highway runs along the Atlantic coast, connecting key cities from Tangier to Agadir.
- Rabat-Casablanca Highway: A critical route facilitating travel between the political and economic capitals.
- Trans-Maghreb Highway: Planned to connect Morocco to Tunisia and Algeria, enhancing regional integration.
6. Airports
Morocco has several international and domestic airports to support travel.
- Mohammed V International Airport (CMN): Located in Casablanca, it is the busiest airport in Morocco, handling the majority of international flights.
- Marrakech Menara Airport (RAK): A major airport serving tourists visiting Marrakech, a popular destination.
- Agadir Al Massira Airport (AGA): Serves the southern coastal region, particularly for tourists.
7. Major Political Parties
Morocco has a multi-party system, with various political factions representing different ideologies.
- Justice and Development Party (PJD): An Islamist political party that has held power in recent years, promoting economic and social reforms.
- Istiqlal Party: One of the oldest parties, historically significant in the independence movement, advocating for national interests and social justice.
- Rassemblement National des Indépendants (RNI): A centrist party focused on economic liberalization and reform.
- Others: Numerous other parties, including the Popular Movement and the Socialist Union of Popular Forces, represent various sectors of Moroccan society.
8. Major Leaders
Morocco’s political landscape features several influential figures.
- Current King: King Mohammed VI, who has been in power since 1999, known for his economic reforms and modernization efforts.
- Prime Minister: Aziz Akhannouch, leader of the RNI, has been serving since October 2021, focusing on economic development and social policies.
- Political Figures: Various leaders from different parties shape Moroccan politics, influencing policy and governance.
9. Major Rivers
Morocco’s river system supports agriculture and ecosystems.
- Sebou River: The longest river in Morocco, flowing into the Atlantic Ocean, crucial for irrigation.
- Oum Er-Rbia: Another significant river, vital for agriculture and hydropower.
- Moulouya River: Flows from the Atlas Mountains to the Mediterranean Sea, contributing to irrigation in the region.
10. Major Goods Produced
Morocco produces a variety of goods reflecting its economic structure.
- Agricultural Goods: Notable for its production of olives, citrus fruits, and vegetables, contributing significantly to both domestic consumption and exports.
- Phosphate Fertilizers: Morocco’s phosphate production is vital for global agriculture, making it a key player in the market.
- Textiles: The textile industry produces garments for both local use and export, with a focus on quality.
11. Major Ethnic Groups
Morocco’s population is diverse, with several ethnic backgrounds.
- Berbers: The indigenous people, making up a significant portion of the population, particularly in the mountainous regions.
- Arabs: Descendants of Arab migrants who settled in Morocco following the Islamic conquest.
- Other Ethnicities: Include small communities of sub-Saharan Africans and Europeans, particularly in urban areas.
12. Major Religions
Islam is the predominant religion in Morocco.
- Islam: Approximately 99% of Moroccans are Muslims, with the majority adhering to Sunni Islam, specifically the Maliki school of jurisprudence.
- Other Religions: There are small Christian and Jewish communities, although they represent a tiny fraction of the population.
13. Corruption
Corruption poses a challenge for Morocco’s governance and development.
- Corruption Perceptions Index: Morocco has received moderate rankings, indicating persistent issues in various sectors, including public services and political activities.
- Government Initiatives: Efforts have been made to combat corruption through legal reforms and transparency initiatives, but challenges remain.
14. Major Universities
Morocco has several universities offering a range of academic programs.
- Mohammed V University: Located in Rabat, one of the largest and most prestigious universities in Morocco.
- Cadi Ayyad University: Based in Marrakech, known for its science and technology programs.
- Other Universities: Include universities in Casablanca, Tangier, and Agadir, contributing to the country’s higher education landscape.
15. Major Cities
Morocco is home to several major cities, each with its unique characteristics.
- Rabat: The capital city, known for its historical sites, government institutions, and as a cultural center.
- Casablanca: The economic capital, a bustling metropolis with a significant port and diverse industries.
- Marrakech: A popular tourist destination famous for its historic medina, palaces, and vibrant culture.
- Other Cities: Include Tangier, Agadir, and Fes, each contributing to Morocco’s cultural and economic diversity.
16. Country Ruling System
Morocco is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system.
- Monarchy: The king holds significant powers, including appointing the prime minister and approving laws.
- Parliament: Bicameral, consisting of the House of Representatives (lower house) and the House of Councillors (upper house), responsible for legislative functions.
- Judiciary: The judicial system is independent, but there are concerns about political influence.
- Recent Developments: King Mohammed VI has introduced reforms aimed at modernizing governance and addressing social issues, particularly following the Arab Spring.
This comprehensive overview of Morocco provides a detailed insight into its history, economy, society, and governance. Each section can be expanded further for more in-depth analysis or specific areas of interest.
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FOR ANGOLO
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Below is a comprehensive overview of Angola, detailing its history, economy, major imports and exports, infrastructure, political system, demographics, and more. This information aims to provide a thorough understanding of the country.
Comprehensive Overview of Angola
1. History
Angola’s history is marked by colonial rule, a protracted civil war, and the emergence of a post-war society.
- Pre-Colonial Period: Angola has been inhabited since prehistoric times, with various ethnic groups, including the Ovimbundu, Kimbundu, and Bakongo, developing their societies. The Kingdom of Kongo, established in the 14th century, was notable for its complex social structures and trade networks.
- Colonial Rule: In the late 15th century, Portuguese explorers arrived in Angola, and by the 16th century, Portugal established colonial control. The slave trade was a significant aspect of colonial rule, with many Angolans forcibly taken to work on plantations in the Americas.
- Struggle for Independence: After decades of colonial rule, Angola’s liberation movements, including the MPLA (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola), UNITA (National Union for the Total Independence of Angola), and FNLA (National Front for the Liberation of Angola), fought against Portuguese colonialism. Angola gained independence in 1975.
- Civil War: Following independence, Angola descended into a brutal civil war between the MPLA and UNITA, exacerbated by Cold War dynamics, with support from the Soviet Union and the United States. The conflict lasted until 2002, resulting in significant loss of life and displacement.
- Post-War Reconstruction: Since the end of the civil war, Angola has focused on reconstruction and economic development, driven largely by its oil and diamond industries.
2. Economy
Angola’s economy is primarily driven by its natural resources, particularly oil and diamonds.
- GDP: As of recent estimates, Angola’s GDP is approximately $114 billion, reflecting a substantial economy in sub-Saharan Africa.
- Per Capita Income: The per capita income is around $3,200, indicating significant income disparities and challenges in economic equity.
- Major Economic Sectors:
- Oil: Angola is one of Africa’s largest oil producers, with oil accounting for about 90% of export revenues and a significant portion of GDP.
- Diamonds: The diamond industry is another critical sector, with Angola being one of the world’s largest diamond producers.
- Agriculture: Agriculture is vital for food security, with crops such as cassava, maize, and beans being cultivated, although the sector remains underdeveloped.
- Industrial Development: Angola has been investing in infrastructure and industrialization, focusing on diversifying its economy beyond oil and diamonds.
3. Major Imported Goods
Angola imports a range of goods to support its economy and consumer needs.
- Machinery and Equipment: Essential for industrial development and infrastructure projects.
- Food Products: Due to the underdevelopment of agriculture, Angola imports a significant amount of food, including cereals and processed foods.
- Consumer Goods: Includes textiles, electronics, and vehicles.
- Fuel: Despite being an oil producer, Angola imports refined petroleum products.
4. Major Exported Goods
Angola’s exports primarily consist of natural resources.
- Oil: The largest export commodity, primarily exported to China, the United States, and other countries.
- Diamonds: A significant source of revenue, with exports mainly directed towards markets in Belgium and Israel.
- Agricultural Products: Limited but includes coffee and fish, which are also exported.
5. Major Highways
Angola has been investing in its road infrastructure, although challenges remain.
- EN Road Network: The national road network (Estradas Nacionais) connects major cities and regions, although many roads are in poor condition due to lack of maintenance.
- Development Projects: The government is working on various projects to improve road infrastructure, enhancing trade and mobility.
6. Airports
Angola has several international and domestic airports to support air travel.
- Luanda’s Quatro de Fevereiro Airport (LAD): The main international airport, connecting Angola with several global destinations.
- Other Airports: Include airports in cities like Huambo, Benguela, and Lubango, facilitating regional travel.
7. Major Political Parties
Angola has a multi-party system, with several political factions.
- MPLA (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola): The ruling party since independence, with a socialist orientation, currently led by João Lourenço.
- UNITA (National Union for the Total Independence of Angola): The main opposition party, historically significant during the civil war, advocating for democratic reforms.
- Other Parties: Include the FNLA and smaller parties that represent various interests within Angolan society.
8. Major Leaders
Key figures in Angola’s political landscape include:
- President: João Lourenço, who took office in 2017, has focused on anti-corruption measures and economic reforms.
- Opposition Leaders: Leaders from UNITA and other parties play significant roles in advocating for democratic governance and social issues.
9. Major Rivers
Angola’s river systems support agriculture and transportation.
- Cuanza River: The most significant river in Angola, vital for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation.
- Zambezi River: Forms part of the border with Namibia, contributing to agriculture and fishing.
- Okavango River: Known for its ecological significance, supporting diverse wildlife.
10. Major Goods Produced
Angola’s production reflects its economic strengths and challenges.
- Oil and Gas: The primary products, significantly impacting the economy.
- Diamonds: A major output with significant export value.
- Agricultural Products: While agriculture is underdeveloped, important crops include cassava, maize, and sugarcane.
11. Major Ethnic Groups
Angola is home to various ethnic groups, contributing to its rich cultural diversity.
- Ovimbundu: The largest ethnic group, primarily found in central Angola.
- Kimbundu: Predominantly in the Luanda region, known for their historical significance.
- Bakongo: Located in the north, along the border with the Democratic Republic of Congo.
- Other Groups: Include smaller ethnicities such as the Chokwe, Nganguela, and Lunda.
12. Major Religions
Angola’s religious landscape is diverse, primarily influenced by its colonial history.
- Christianity: About 90% of Angolans identify as Christians, mainly Roman Catholic and Protestant denominations.
- Traditional Beliefs: Many Angolans also adhere to indigenous beliefs and practices alongside Christianity.
13. Corruption
Corruption remains a significant challenge for Angola’s governance and development.
- Corruption Perceptions Index: Angola has low scores on international corruption indices, reflecting issues in governance and transparency.
- Government Initiatives: The government has launched anti-corruption campaigns, although challenges remain in implementation and accountability.
14. Major Universities
Angola has several institutions of higher education, contributing to its educational landscape.
- University of Luanda (Universidade de Luanda): The largest and most prominent university in Angola.
- Agostinho Neto University: Named after the first president, it offers various programs and has a significant student body.
- Other Universities: Include Universidade Católica de Angola and several private institutions contributing to higher education.
15. Major Cities
Angola has several key urban centers, each with its unique characteristics.
- Luanda: The capital and largest city, a bustling metropolis with significant economic activities and cultural institutions.
- Huambo: Known for its historical significance and agricultural activities.
- Benguela: A coastal city important for trade and tourism.
- Other Cities: Include Lobito, Lubango, and Namibe, contributing to Angola’s diversity and economic landscape.
16. Country Ruling System
Angola is a unitary presidential republic with a multi-party system.
- Presidential Authority: The President is the head of state and government, wielding considerable executive power.
- Legislature: The National Assembly is unicameral, consisting of deputies elected by popular vote, responsible for legislative functions.
- Judiciary: The judicial system includes various levels of courts, although there are concerns about independence and political influence.
- Recent Developments: Under President João Lourenço, Angola has seen efforts towards political reforms and combating corruption, although challenges remain.
ECONOMY OF MOROCCO
Comprehensive Overview of Morocco
1. History
Morocco’s history is characterized by its rich cultural heritage, influenced by various civilizations.
- Prehistoric Era: Archaeological findings suggest that Morocco has been inhabited since prehistoric times, with evidence of early human activity found in the Atlas Mountains.
- Ancient Civilizations: The area was home to the Berbers, indigenous tribes known for their resistance to foreign invasions. It became part of the Phoenician and later Roman empires, with cities like Volubilis showcasing Roman architecture.
- Islamic Conquest: In the 7th century, Arab armies conquered Morocco, leading to the spread of Islam and Arab culture. The region became an important center of Islamic learning and trade.
- Dynastic Rule: Morocco was ruled by various dynasties, including the Almoravids, Almohads, and Merinids, who contributed significantly to its architectural and cultural landscape. The Saadian dynasty is particularly noted for its cultural achievements and the construction of monuments such as the El Badi Palace.
- Colonial Era: In the late 19th century, Morocco became a target for European powers. In 1912, France and Spain established a protectorate over Morocco, leading to widespread resistance, most notably the Rif War led by Abd el-Krim in the 1920s.
- Independence: Morocco gained independence from France and Spain in 1956. King Mohammed V played a crucial role in the independence movement.
- Modern Era: King Hassan II ruled from 1961 until his death in 1999, during which Morocco saw significant political unrest and the “Years of Lead,” a period marked by political repression. King Mohammed VI, who succeeded Hassan II, has implemented various political and economic reforms.
2. Economy
Morocco has a diverse economy, relying on agriculture, mining, and tourism.
- GDP: As of recent estimates, Morocco’s GDP is approximately $130 billion, showing a steady growth trajectory.
- Per Capita Income: The per capita income stands at around $3,500, indicating economic challenges despite growth.
- Major Economic Sectors:
- Agriculture: A significant sector employing a large portion of the workforce, producing crops like wheat, barley, citrus fruits, and olives.
- Mining: Morocco is rich in mineral resources, particularly phosphates, of which it is one of the world’s leading exporters.
- Tourism: A vital sector, with millions of visitors attracted to Morocco’s rich history, architecture, and landscapes.
- Industrial Development: The country is also investing in manufacturing, particularly in the automotive and aerospace industries, aiming to diversify its economy.
3. Major Imported Goods
Morocco imports a variety of goods to support its economy and industries.
- Energy Products: Oil and gas are major imports, as Morocco lacks significant domestic fossil fuel resources.
- Capital Goods: Machinery and equipment necessary for industrial and infrastructural development.
- Food Products: Due to its agricultural needs, Morocco imports cereals, sugar, and dairy products.
- Consumer Goods: Electronics, vehicles, and textiles are also significant imports.
4. Major Exported Goods
Morocco’s export profile reflects its diverse economy.
- Phosphates: The country is one of the largest exporters of phosphates and phosphate derivatives, used in fertilizers.
- Agricultural Products: Fruits (especially citrus), vegetables, and fish are key exports, with Europe being the primary market.
- Textiles and Apparel: The textile industry has grown, with significant exports to Europe and North America.
- Automotive Parts: The automotive sector is expanding, with various components being exported.
5. Major Highways
Morocco has developed a network of highways to enhance connectivity.
- National Route 1: This major highway runs along the Atlantic coast, connecting key cities from Tangier to Agadir.
- Rabat-Casablanca Highway: A critical route facilitating travel between the political and economic capitals.
- Trans-Maghreb Highway: Planned to connect Morocco to Tunisia and Algeria, enhancing regional integration.
6. Airports
Morocco has several international and domestic airports to support travel.
- Mohammed V International Airport (CMN): Located in Casablanca, it is the busiest airport in Morocco, handling the majority of international flights.
- Marrakech Menara Airport (RAK): A major airport serving tourists visiting Marrakech, a popular destination.
- Agadir Al Massira Airport (AGA): Serves the southern coastal region, particularly for tourists.
7. Major Political Parties
Morocco has a multi-party system, with various political factions representing different ideologies.
- Justice and Development Party (PJD): An Islamist political party that has held power in recent years, promoting economic and social reforms.
- Istiqlal Party: One of the oldest parties, historically significant in the independence movement, advocating for national interests and social justice.
- Rassemblement National des Indépendants (RNI): A centrist party focused on economic liberalization and reform.
- Others: Numerous other parties, including the Popular Movement and the Socialist Union of Popular Forces, represent various sectors of Moroccan society.
8. Major Leaders
Morocco’s political landscape features several influential figures.
- Current King: King Mohammed VI, who has been in power since 1999, known for his economic reforms and modernization efforts.
- Prime Minister: Aziz Akhannouch, leader of the RNI, has been serving since October 2021, focusing on economic development and social policies.
- Political Figures: Various leaders from different parties shape Moroccan politics, influencing policy and governance.
9. Major Rivers
Morocco’s river system supports agriculture and ecosystems.
- Sebou River: The longest river in Morocco, flowing into the Atlantic Ocean, crucial for irrigation.
- Oum Er-Rbia: Another significant river, vital for agriculture and hydropower.
- Moulouya River: Flows from the Atlas Mountains to the Mediterranean Sea, contributing to irrigation in the region.
10. Major Goods Produced
Morocco produces a variety of goods reflecting its economic structure.
- Agricultural Goods: Notable for its production of olives, citrus fruits, and vegetables, contributing significantly to both domestic consumption and exports.
- Phosphate Fertilizers: Morocco’s phosphate production is vital for global agriculture, making it a key player in the market.
- Textiles: The textile industry produces garments for both local use and export, with a focus on quality.
11. Major Ethnic Groups
Morocco’s population is diverse, with several ethnic backgrounds.
- Berbers: The indigenous people, making up a significant portion of the population, particularly in the mountainous regions.
- Arabs: Descendants of Arab migrants who settled in Morocco following the Islamic conquest.
- Other Ethnicities: Include small communities of sub-Saharan Africans and Europeans, particularly in urban areas.
12. Major Religions
Islam is the predominant religion in Morocco.
- Islam: Approximately 99% of Moroccans are Muslims, with the majority adhering to Sunni Islam, specifically the Maliki school of jurisprudence.
- Other Religions: There are small Christian and Jewish communities, although they represent a tiny fraction of the population.
13. Corruption
Corruption poses a challenge for Morocco’s governance and development.
- Corruption Perceptions Index: Morocco has received moderate rankings, indicating persistent issues in various sectors, including public services and political activities.
- Government Initiatives: Efforts have been made to combat corruption through legal reforms and transparency initiatives, but challenges remain.
14. Major Universities
Morocco has several universities offering a range of academic programs.
- Mohammed V University: Located in Rabat, one of the largest and most prestigious universities in Morocco.
- Cadi Ayyad University: Based in Marrakech, known for its science and technology programs.
- Other Universities: Include universities in Casablanca, Tangier, and Agadir, contributing to the country’s higher education landscape.
15. Major Cities
Morocco is home to several major cities, each with its unique characteristics.
- Rabat: The capital city, known for its historical sites, government institutions, and as a cultural center.
- Casablanca: The economic capital, a bustling metropolis with a significant port and diverse industries.
- Marrakech: A popular tourist destination famous for its historic medina, palaces, and vibrant culture.
- Other Cities: Include Tangier, Agadir, and Fes, each contributing to Morocco’s cultural and economic diversity.
16. Country Ruling System
Morocco is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system.
- Monarchy: The king holds significant powers, including appointing the prime minister and approving laws.
- Parliament: Bicameral, consisting of the House of Representatives (lower house) and the House of Councillors (upper house), responsible for legislative functions.
- Judiciary: The judicial system is independent, but there are concerns about political influence.
- Recent Developments: King Mohammed VI has introduced reforms aimed at modernizing governance and addressing social issues, particularly following the Arab Spring.
ECONOMY OF ALGERIA
Comprehensive Overview of Algeria
1. History
Algeria’s history is rich and complex, marked by a series of invasions, colonizations, and struggles for independence.
- Prehistoric Era: Evidence of human habitation in Algeria dates back to the Paleolithic era. The Tassili n’Ajjer cave paintings, for example, are significant archaeological finds.
- Ancient Civilizations: The region was home to Berber tribes and later became part of the Roman Empire, known as Numidia. Roman ruins are still prevalent, showcasing the country’s ancient heritage.
- Islamic Conquest: In the 7th century, Arab armies spread Islam throughout North Africa. Algeria became predominantly Muslim, and the Arab influence deeply integrated into the culture.
- Ottoman Empire: Algeria was part of the Ottoman Empire from the 16th century until the French invasion in 1830, during which it became a significant part of the empire’s Mediterranean territories.
- French Colonization (1830-1962): Algeria was colonized by France in 1830, leading to significant demographic, social, and economic changes. The French settled in Algeria, leading to tensions and resistance from the local population.
- War of Independence: The Algerian War (1954-1962) was a brutal conflict against French rule that resulted in a high death toll. Algeria finally achieved independence on July 5, 1962.
- Post-Independence Era: Following independence, Algeria established a one-party socialist state under the National Liberation Front (FLN). The 1990s were marked by civil strife and a devastating civil war between government forces and Islamic insurgents.
2. Economy
Algeria has a mixed economy, heavily reliant on hydrocarbons.
- GDP: As of the latest figures, Algeria’s GDP is approximately $170 billion, driven primarily by oil and gas exports.
- Per Capita Income: The per capita income is about $4,000, reflecting disparities in wealth distribution.
- Major Economic Sectors: The economy is dominated by the oil and gas sector, accounting for over 90% of export revenues and a significant portion of the government’s budget.
- Agriculture: The agricultural sector, while less significant than hydrocarbons, produces cereals, vegetables, and livestock.
- Manufacturing: Algeria has been trying to diversify its economy through manufacturing, including food processing, textiles, and building materials, but this sector remains underdeveloped.
- Major Sources of Income: The primary source of national income comes from the oil and gas sector, along with remittances from Algerians living abroad.
3. Major Imported Goods
Algeria imports a range of goods to support its economy and population.
- Foodstuffs: A significant portion of imports includes grains, dairy products, and other food items, as domestic production is insufficient.
- Machinery and Equipment: Algeria imports machinery for its industrial sector, including agricultural machinery and construction equipment.
- Vehicles: The automotive industry is underdeveloped, leading to substantial vehicle imports.
- Pharmaceuticals: Medical supplies and pharmaceuticals are also critical imports, reflecting the need for healthcare improvements.
4. Major Exported Goods
Algeria’s exports are predominantly focused on hydrocarbons.
- Oil and Gas: Crude oil and natural gas represent the vast majority of Algeria’s exports, primarily to European markets.
- Petrochemicals: Alongside oil and gas, petrochemical products such as fertilizers and plastics are significant exports.
- Agricultural Products: While not the focus, Algeria exports some agricultural products, including dates and olives.
5. Major Highways
Algeria boasts an extensive network of highways facilitating transportation.
- Trans-Sahara Highway: This highway connects Algeria to Niger, Mali, and Tunisia, enhancing regional trade.
- National Route 1: The major coastal highway runs from the north to the south, linking major cities.
- Intercity Connections: Other significant routes connect key cities like Algiers, Oran, and Constantine, improving accessibility across the country.
6. Airports
Algeria has several key airports serving both international and domestic flights.
- Algiers Houari Boumediene Airport (ALG): The primary international gateway to Algeria, facilitating travel to Europe, the Middle East, and Africa.
- Oran Ahmed Ben Bella Airport (ORN): A significant airport serving the west of Algeria.
- Constantine Mohamed Boudiaf Airport (CZL): Serving the eastern regions, enhancing connectivity within the country.
7. Major Political Parties
Algeria’s political landscape is primarily dominated by the FLN and other parties.
- National Liberation Front (FLN): The ruling party since independence, originally the leading force in the independence struggle.
- National Rally for Democracy (RND): A significant party supporting the FLN, often seen as a partner in government.
- Other Parties: Including the Socialist Forces Front (FFS) and the Movement for Society and Peace (MSP), representing various ideologies.
8. Major Leaders
Algeria’s political leadership has changed over the years.
- Current President: Abdelmadjid Tebboune, who took office in December 2019.
- Former Leaders: Abdelaziz Bouteflika served for nearly two decades before resigning in 2019 amid widespread protests.
- Political Figures: Various leaders from different political parties play crucial roles in shaping policies and governance.
9. Major Rivers
Algeria’s river system is limited, given its predominantly arid climate.
- Chélif River: The longest river in Algeria, flowing into the Mediterranean Sea.
- Mouilah River: An important river in the southern region, contributing to irrigation.
- Other Rivers: Several seasonal rivers exist, often dry during the summer months.
10. Major Goods Produced
Algeria produces various goods, primarily in the agricultural and industrial sectors.
- Hydrocarbons: As mentioned, oil and gas are the leading products.
- Agricultural Products: Wheat, barley, and fruits, notably citrus and dates.
- Manufactured Goods: Basic consumer goods, though manufacturing remains limited compared to hydrocarbons.
11. Major Ethnic Groups
Algeria is ethnically diverse, predominantly Berber and Arab.
- Berbers: Indigenous people of North Africa, forming a significant part of the population.
- Arabs: Predominantly descended from the Arab migrations that occurred after the Islamic conquest.
- Other Minorities: Including small communities of Europeans and sub-Saharan Africans.
12. Major Religions
Islam is the dominant religion in Algeria.
- Islam: Approximately 99% of the population is Muslim, predominantly Sunni.
- Other Religions: There are small Christian and Jewish communities, but they represent a tiny fraction of the population.
13. Corruption
Corruption remains a significant issue in Algeria.
- Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index: Algeria often ranks poorly, indicating widespread corruption in various sectors.
- Government Initiatives: There have been efforts to combat corruption, but challenges persist.
14. Major Universities
Algeria has several universities offering diverse programs.
- University of Algiers: The oldest and one of the largest universities in the country.
- University of Oran: A prominent institution known for various academic disciplines.
- Other Universities: Include universities in Constantine, Annaba, and Tizi Ouzou, contributing to higher education in the country.
15. Major Cities
Algeria’s cities are centers of culture, commerce, and governance.
- Algiers: The capital and largest city, a cultural and economic hub.
- Oran: Known for its port and vibrant cultural scene.
- Constantine: Renowned for its historical significance and stunning cliffs.
- Other Cities: Include Annaba, Tlemcen, and Blida, each with its unique features and contributions to the country.
16. Country Ruling System
Algeria is a presidential republic.
- Government Structure: The government operates under a multi-party system, although the FLN has historically dominated politics.
- President: Elected for a five-year term and holds significant executive power.
- Parliament: Bicameral, consisting of the National People’s Assembly and the Council of the Nation.
- Judiciary: Independent but faces challenges concerning political influence.
- Recent Developments: Political reforms have been discussed, particularly following the Hirak protests in 2019, calling for greater democracy and transparency.
CRUDE BIRTHRATE CALCULATOR IN HTML CSS AND JAVASCRITP
Explanation of the Code:
- HTML Structure:
- A simple layout with a title, input fields for births and population, buttons for calculation and reset, a display for results, and a section for displaying calculation history.
- CSS Styles:
- Basic styling for the calculator’s appearance, including colors, transitions, and hover effects. The styles are applied for a dark theme with a toggle feature.
- JavaScript Functionality:
- Theme Toggle: Switches between light and dark modes.
- Calculate CBR: Computes the crude birth rate based on user inputs and displays results.
- Live Calculation: Updates the CBR in real-time as the user inputs data.
- History Management: Stores calculation history and displays it dynamically.
- Charting: Uses Chart.js to visualize the history of calculations.
- File Download: Allows users to download their history as a text or CSV file.
- Local Storage: Saves and loads history from the browser’s local storage to persist data across sessions.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Advanced Crude Birth Rate Calculator</title>
<style>
/* Basic Styling */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #1e1f26;
color: #fff;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
padding: 0 20px;
flex-direction: column;
text-align: center;
transition: background-color 0.5s;
}
.calculator-container {
background-color: #282a36;
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 15px rgba(0, 255, 255, 0.3);
padding: 30px;
width: 350px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
transition: transform 0.3s;
}
.calculator-container:hover {
transform: scale(1.02);
}
h1 {
font-size: 24px;
color: #50fa7b;
margin-bottom: 10px;
text-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(80, 250, 123, 0.7);
}
.info-text {
font-size: 14px;
color: #bbb;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
label {
font-size: 14px;
color: #f8f8f2;
display: block;
margin-top: 10px;
}
input[type="number"] {
width: 100%;
padding: 8px;
margin-top: 5px;
font-size: 16px;
border: 1px solid #44475a;
border-radius: 4px;
background-color: #44475a;
color: #f8f8f2;
text-align: center;
transition: box-shadow 0.3s;
}
input[type="number"]:focus {
box-shadow: 0px 0px 8px rgba(80, 250, 123, 0.8);
outline: none;
}
.btn {
background-color: #ff79c6;
color: #fff;
border: none;
padding: 10px;
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 16px;
cursor: pointer;
border-radius: 4px;
width: 100%;
transition: box-shadow 0.3s, transform 0.2s;
}
.btn:hover {
box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(255, 121, 198, 0.7);
transform: scale(1.05);
}
.result, .history, .download-section {
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 18px;
color: #50fa7b;
text-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(80, 250, 123, 0.7);
}
.history-container {
max-height: 150px;
overflow-y: auto;
margin-top: 10px;
background-color: #3c3f4f;
padding: 10px;
border-radius: 5px;
animation: fadeIn 0.5s;
}
.history-entry {
font-size: 14px;
color: #8be9fd;
margin: 5px 0;
}
.tooltip {
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
cursor: pointer;
color: #ff79c6;
font-weight: bold;
}
.tooltip .tooltiptext {
visibility: hidden;
width: 200px;
background-color: #555;
color: #fff;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 5px;
position: absolute;
z-index: 1;
bottom: 125%;
left: 50%;
margin-left: -100px;
opacity: 0;
transition: opacity 0.3s;
}
.tooltip:hover .tooltiptext {
visibility: visible;
opacity: 1;
}
/* Chart styling */
#myChart {
margin-top: 20px;
max-width: 400px;
width: 100%;
}
/* Animations */
@keyframes fadeIn {
from { opacity: 0; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
/* Theme Toggle */
.theme-toggle {
margin-top: 20px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 16px;
background-color: transparent;
color: #ff79c6;
border: none;
padding: 5px;
transition: transform 0.3s;
}
.theme-toggle:hover {
transform: scale(1.05);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="calculator-container">
<h1>Crude Birth Rate Calculator</h1>
<p class="info-text">
Calculate the Crude Birth Rate (CBR), which is the number of births per 1,000 people in a given population.
<span class="tooltip">[?]
<span class="tooltiptext">CBR = (Number of Births / Population) * 1000</span>
</span>
</p>
<label for="births">Number of Births:</label>
<input type="number" id="births" placeholder="Enter number of births" oninput="liveCalculateCBR()">
<label for="population">Population:</label>
<input type="number" id="population" placeholder="Enter population" oninput="liveCalculateCBR()">
<button class="btn" onclick="calculateCBR()">Calculate CBR</button>
<button class="btn" onclick="resetCalculator()">Reset</button>
<div class="result" id="result"></div>
<h2 class="history">Calculation History</h2>
<div class="history-container" id="history-container">
<!-- Calculation history will be shown here -->
</div>
<div class="download-section">
<button class="btn" onclick="downloadHistory()">Download History</button>
<button class="btn" onclick="exportToCSV()">Export to CSV</button>
</div>
<button class="theme-toggle" onclick="toggleTheme()">Toggle Light/Dark Mode</button>
<canvas id="myChart"></canvas>
</div>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chart.js"></script>
<script>
let historyEntries = []; // Array to store history entries
let isDarkMode = true; // Track theme mode
// Function to toggle theme
function toggleTheme() {
isDarkMode = !isDarkMode;
document.body.style.backgroundColor = isDarkMode ? '#1e1f26' : '#f0f0f0';
document.body.style.color = isDarkMode ? '#fff' : '#000';
document.querySelector('.calculator-container').style.backgroundColor = isDarkMode ? '#282a36' : '#ffffff';
document.querySelectorAll('input[type="number"]').forEach(input => {
input.style.backgroundColor = isDarkMode ? '#44475a' : '#e0e0e0';
input.style.color = isDarkMode ? '#f8f8f2' : '#000';
});
document.querySelectorAll('.btn').forEach(btn => {
btn.style.backgroundColor = isDarkMode ? '#ff79c6' : '#007bff';
});
}
// Function to calculate Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
function calculateCBR() {
const births = document.getElementById('births').value;
const population = document.getElementById('population').value;
if (births > 0 && population > 0) {
const cbr = (births / population) * 1000;
const resultText = `Crude Birth Rate (CBR): ${cbr.toFixed(2)} per 1000 people`;
document.getElementById('result').textContent = resultText;
addHistoryEntry(births, population, cbr.toFixed(2));
updateChart();
saveHistoryToLocal();
} else {
document.getElementById('result').textContent = 'Please enter valid numbers for births and population.';
}
}
// Live calculation on input
function liveCalculateCBR() {
const births = document.getElementById('births').value;
const population = document.getElementById('population').value;
const cbrDisplay = document.getElementById('result');
if (births > 0 && population > 0) {
const cbr = (births / population) * 1000;
cbrDisplay.textContent = `Estimated CBR: ${cbr.toFixed(2)} per 1000 people`;
} else {
cbrDisplay.textContent = '';
}
}
// Function to reset calculator
function resetCalculator() {
document.getElementById('births').value = '';
document.getElementById('population').value = '';
document.getElementById('result').textContent = '';
document.getElementById('history-container').innerHTML = '';
resetChart();
historyEntries = []; // Clear history
saveHistoryToLocal();
}
// Function to add entry to history
function addHistoryEntry(births, population, cbr) {
const entry = { births, population, cbr };
historyEntries.push(entry);
const historyContainer = document.getElementById('history-container');
const entryDiv = document.createElement('div');
entryDiv.classList.add('history-entry');
entryDiv.textContent = `Births: ${births}, Population: ${population}, CBR: ${cbr}`;
historyContainer.appendChild(entryDiv);
}
// Function to update chart
function updateChart() {
const ctx = document.getElementById('myChart').getContext('2d');
const labels = historyEntries.map(entry => `Births: ${entry.births}`);
const data = historyEntries.map(entry => entry.cbr);
new Chart(ctx, {
type: 'bar',
data: {
labels: labels,
datasets: [{
label: 'Crude Birth Rate (CBR)',
data: data,
backgroundColor: 'rgba(80, 250, 123, 0.6)',
borderColor: 'rgba(80, 250, 123, 1)',
borderWidth: 1
}]
},
options: {
scales: {
y: {
beginAtZero: true,
title: {
display: true,
text: 'CBR per 1000 people'
}
}
}
}
});
}
// Function to reset chart
function resetChart() {
const ctx = document.getElementById('myChart').getContext('2d');
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, ctx.canvas.width, ctx.canvas.height); // Clear the chart
}
// Function to save history to local storage
function saveHistoryToLocal() {
localStorage.setItem('cbrHistory', JSON.stringify(historyEntries));
}
// Function to download history as a text file
function downloadHistory() {
const blob = new Blob([JSON.stringify(historyEntries, null, 2)], { type: 'text/plain' });
const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
const a = document.createElement('a');
a.href = url;
a.download = 'cbr_history.txt';
document.body.appendChild(a);
a.click();
document.body.removeChild(a);
URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
}
// Function to export history as a CSV file
function exportToCSV() {
const csvRows = [];
csvRows.push(['Births', 'Population', 'CBR']); // Header
historyEntries.forEach(entry => {
csvRows.push([entry.births, entry.population, entry.cbr]);
});
const csvString = csvRows.map(row => row.join(',')).join('\n');
const blob = new Blob([csvString], { type: 'text/csv' });
const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
const a = document.createElement('a');
a.href = url;
a.download = 'cbr_history.csv';
document.body.appendChild(a);
a.click();
document.body.removeChild(a);
URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
}
// Load history from local storage on page load
window.onload = function() {
const storedHistory = localStorage.getItem('cbrHistory');
if (storedHistory) {
historyEntries = JSON.parse(storedHistory);
historyEntries.forEach(entry => addHistoryEntry(entry.births, entry.population, entry.cbr));
updateChart();
}
};
</script>
</body>
</html>
HOW TO CALCULATE CRUDE BIRTHRATE
The Crude Birth Rate (CBR) is a basic demographic indicator that reflects the number of live births in a given population over a specified period, usually one year, per 1,000 people. Here’s how you can calculate it:
Crude Birth Rate Formula
CBR=(Number of Births in a YearTotal Population)×1000\text{CBR} = \left( \frac{\text{Number of Births in a Year}}{\text{Total Population}} \right) \times 1000CBR=(Total PopulationNumber of Births in a Year)×1000
Steps to Calculate CBR
- Count the Total Number of Births: Obtain the number of live births in the population over a specific period (typically a year).
- Determine the Total Population: Find the total mid-year population for the same year (since populations can fluctuate, the mid-year estimate provides a more accurate base).
- Apply the Formula: Divide the number of births by the total population and then multiply the result by 1,000 to express the rate per 1,000 individuals.
Example Calculation
If a population of 50,000 people had 600 live births in a year:CBR=(60050000)×1000=12 births per 1,000 people\text{CBR} = \left( \frac{600}{50000} \right) \times 1000 = 12 \text{ births per 1,000 people}CBR=(50000600)×1000=12 births per 1,000 people
This means there were 12 live births per 1,000 people in the population during that year.
CALCULATOR
Crude Birth Rate Calculator
Calculate the Crude Birth Rate (CBR), which is the number of births per 1,000 people in a given population. [?] CBR = (Number of Births / Population) * 1000
Calculation History
Chipotle Mexican Grill
Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc., commonly known as Chipotle, is an American chain of fast-casual restaurants specializing in burritos, tacos, and other Mexican-inspired food items. The company has established a reputation for its commitment to high-quality, sustainably sourced ingredients and its “Food with Integrity” philosophy, setting it apart in the fast-casual dining sector.
1. History and Founding
Chipotle was founded in 1993 by Steve Ells, a chef trained at the Culinary Institute of America, who started the company with a single location in Denver, Colorado. Initially, Ells envisioned the restaurant as a way to generate enough capital to open a fine dining restaurant, but Chipotle’s success led him to focus on expanding the concept instead. Ells’ idea of using high-quality ingredients to craft fast but delicious Mexican food was revolutionary at the time and helped to establish Chipotle as a major player in the restaurant industry.
2. Mission and Philosophy: Food with Integrity
One of Chipotle’s foundational pillars is its commitment to “Food with Integrity.” This principle emphasizes using responsibly sourced, high-quality ingredients, including:
- Sustainable and Humane Farming Practices: Chipotle prioritizes suppliers who use ethical practices, ensuring that livestock is raised without antibiotics or added hormones.
- Non-GMO Ingredients: Chipotle became one of the first major restaurant chains to use non-GMO ingredients across its menu, a move that positioned it as a leader in transparency and food quality.
- Organic and Local Produce: The company sources many ingredients from local farms, especially in season, which reduces the carbon footprint and supports local economies.
3. Menu and Customization
Chipotle’s menu focuses on simplicity, featuring customizable options such as burritos, burrito bowls, tacos, and salads. The menu includes:
- Proteins: Choices like chicken, steak, barbacoa, carnitas (pork), and sofritas (tofu-based protein).
- Toppings: Options include rice, beans, fresh salsas, guacamole, cheese, sour cream, and lettuce.
- Dietary Accommodations: Chipotle’s menu is designed to accommodate a range of dietary preferences, including vegan, vegetarian, and gluten-free options, which appeals to health-conscious customers.
4. Operations and Supply Chain
Chipotle’s operations are heavily integrated to maintain quality and efficiency across its locations. Highlights include:
- In-House Training: Employees undergo extensive training on ingredient preparation and customer service, fostering consistency across all stores.
- Vertical Supply Chain Integration: Chipotle works closely with suppliers, sometimes investing in farms to ensure ingredient availability, quality, and sustainable practices.
- Digital Innovation: Chipotle has invested in digital ordering, delivery, and mobile apps, which have been instrumental in boosting sales and expanding access to customers.
5. Marketing Strategy
Chipotle’s marketing strategy emphasizes authenticity, health consciousness, and environmental stewardship, positioning it as a brand for mindful consumers. Some key aspects of its marketing approach include:
- Content-Based Campaigns: Chipotle’s ads focus on storytelling, often featuring real suppliers, employees, and the company’s journey toward sustainability.
- Social Media Presence: Chipotle is active on platforms like Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok, where it engages with a younger demographic.
- Promotional Campaigns: From limited-time offers to loyalty programs, Chipotle’s marketing taps into a diverse range of tactics to engage both new and existing customers.
6. Expansion and Growth
Chipotle’s growth strategy initially focused on opening locations in the United States, followed by selective expansion internationally. Key growth initiatives include:
- New Locations and Markets: Chipotle has gradually expanded outside the U.S., with locations in Canada, the UK, France, and Germany.
- Innovative Formats: Chipotle introduced Chipotlanes, drive-thru lanes for online orders, which have boosted convenience for customers and contributed to growth in digital sales.
- Digital Sales and Delivery Partnerships: Partnerships with delivery services like Uber Eats and DoorDash, as well as Chipotle’s own app, have driven digital sales.
7. Financial Performance and Stock Market Success
Chipotle’s performance in the stock market has been strong, largely due to its brand loyalty, focus on high-quality ingredients, and adaptability. Key points about its financial success include:
- Revenue Growth: Chipotle has consistently achieved year-over-year revenue growth, with digital sales becoming an increasingly important revenue stream.
- Stock Market Milestones: Chipotle’s stock (NYSE: CMG) has been one of the top-performing stocks in the restaurant sector, benefiting from investor confidence in its growth potential and operational model.
8. Challenges and Controversies
Chipotle has faced its share of challenges, with the most notable being food safety issues. In 2015 and 2016, Chipotle was involved in high-profile foodborne illness outbreaks, resulting in:
- Operational Overhauls: Chipotle implemented new food safety protocols, including ingredient testing, food preparation changes, and stricter hygiene practices.
- Public Image Rehabilitation: Following the outbreaks, Chipotle launched campaigns to restore its reputation, which included increased transparency about its food safety practices.
9. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Environmental Impact
Chipotle’s CSR initiatives are centered on sustainability, employee welfare, and community engagement, reflecting its commitment to responsible business practices. Major CSR initiatives include:
- Eco-Friendly Packaging: Chipotle uses recyclable and compostable materials in its packaging.
- Reducing Carbon Footprint: The company monitors its environmental impact and has set ambitious goals for reducing waste, water, and energy usage.
- Employee Benefits and Growth Opportunities: Chipotle offers benefits like tuition reimbursement and career development opportunities, enhancing employee retention and morale.
10. Future Plans and Innovations
Chipotle continues to innovate and expand with an eye toward future trends and evolving consumer preferences. The company’s forward-looking initiatives include:
- Menu Innovations: Chipotle periodically introduces new items, such as queso blanco, cauliflower rice, and lifestyle bowls tailored for popular diets.
- Technology Investments: Chipotle is exploring artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning for predictive ordering and inventory management to improve efficiency and reduce food waste.
- Sustainable Goals: The company has set objectives to achieve greater sustainability in sourcing and aims to reach carbon neutrality.
11. Cultural Impact
Chipotle has influenced both the restaurant industry and broader food culture in several ways:
- Rise of the Fast-Casual Dining Model: Chipotle’s success helped define the fast-casual dining segment, paving the way for other brands focusing on quality and customization.
- Empowerment of Health-Conscious Consumers: Chipotle’s transparency about ingredients and sourcing has encouraged consumers to demand more from food providers in terms of quality and sustainability.
- Influence on Competitors: Major brands like McDonald’s and Taco Bell have introduced similar concepts, including customization options and responsibly sourced ingredients, inspired by Chipotle’s model.
COMPANY DETAILS
CHART
Donald Trump’s Social Media Company’s Stock Price Drops
Former President Donald Trump’s social media company, Trump Media & Technology Group (TMTG), has experienced a substantial decrease in its stock price, which fell by 41% over the course of three days, settling at $30.56. This sharp decline has also impacted Trump’s net worth, reducing it by $2.4 billion.
The drop in TMTG’s stock has led to a significant decrease in Trump’s wealth. Over the past five weeks, the stock price had surged due to optimism around Trump’s re-election potential, reaching as high as $51 last Tuesday. However, as forecasts about the election results shifted, the company’s value plummeted, CNN reported.
TMTG’s stock is classified as a “meme stock,” driven more by market sentiment than its actual business value. Many of the company’s investors are linked to Trump’s political prospects, and this recent downturn has dealt a considerable blow to TMTG’s valuation.
Currently, Truth Social, TMTG’s platform, has a relatively small user base, with only around 698,000 active users per month. In contrast, X (formerly Twitter) boasts nearly 70 million users. This significant gap in user numbers highlights TMTG’s weaker position in the market compared to its larger competitors.
CHART
Online Python Compiler
ONLINE CALORIE CALCULATOR
ONLINE FAT CALCULATOR
🧍♂️ Body Fat Calculator 🧍♀️
Features
- Real-time validation of input fields.
- Responsive design for mobile devices.
- Clear and user-friendly interface.
- Reset button to clear all fields easily.
- Dynamic output display for body fat percentage.
- Age limits for realistic data entry.
- Weight and height constraints for accuracy.
- Feedback messages for invalid inputs.
- Improved accessibility features.
- Easy-to-read layout.
- Ability to calculate body fat for both genders.
- Formatted results for better readability.
- Descriptive labels for each input field.
- Consistent styling across input elements.
- Hover effects on buttons for better user experience.
- Detailed calculation methods explained in the result.
- Basic CSS animations for smooth transitions.
- Interactive design elements to engage users.
- Compatibility with modern web browsers.
- Dark mode toggle for better accessibility at night.
- Enhanced input for waist, neck, and hip measurements.
- Body fat interpretation based on calculated percentage.
COCA COL BUSINESS POSTER
ONLINE BMI CALCULATOR
COMPOUND INTEREST CALCULATOR
Compound Interest Calculator
Advanced Features:
- Real-time interest updates
- PDF download of results
- Email results to yourself
- Dark mode for better readability
- Save calculations in local storage
- Show graph of interest over time
- Automatically populate data if revisited
- Advanced security for stored data
- Compare interest rates from multiple banks
- Currency conversion (NPR, USD, EUR)
CODE FOR NABIL BANK DIVIDENT 2081/82
SOURCE CODE HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT COMBINED
DIVIDENT TABLE
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Dividend Table</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f8f8f8;
margin: 0;
padding: 20px;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
flex-direction: column;
}
.table-container {
border: 2px solid red;
padding: 10px;
background-color: #fff;
overflow-x: auto;
border-radius: 5px;
box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
width: 90%;
max-width: 1200px;
}
table {
width: 100%;
border-collapse: collapse;
margin: 0 auto;
}
th, td {
padding: 10px;
text-align: center;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
}
th {
background-color: #f2f2f2;
font-weight: bold;
}
td {
background-color: #ffffff;
}
.closed-cell {
background-color: #ffdddd;
color: red;
font-weight: bold;
}
.btn {
padding: 10px 15px;
background-color: #28a745;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
margin-top: 20px;
}
.btn:hover {
background-color: #218838;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Dividend Table</h1>
<div class="table-container">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>S.N.</th>
<th>Bonus Dividend(%)</th>
<th>Cash Dividend(%)</th>
<th>Total Dividend(%)</th>
<th>Announcement Date</th>
<th>Book Closure Date</th>
<th>Distribution Date</th>
<th>Bonus Listing Date</th>
<th>Fiscal Year</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>11.00</td>
<td>11.00</td>
<td>11.00</td>
<td>2023-11-23</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2023-12-15 [Closed]</td>
<td></td>
<td>2023-03-10</td>
<td>2079/2080</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>18.5</td>
<td>11.5</td>
<td>30.00</td>
<td>2022-12-12</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2023-01-02 [Closed]</td>
<td></td>
<td>2022-03-29</td>
<td>2078/2079</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>33.6</td>
<td>4.4</td>
<td>38.00</td>
<td>2021-11-03</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2021-12-31 [Closed]</td>
<td></td>
<td>2021-03-10</td>
<td>2077/2078</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>33.5</td>
<td>1.76</td>
<td>35.26</td>
<td>2020-12-22</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2020-12-30 [Closed]</td>
<td></td>
<td>2020-03-02</td>
<td>2076/2077</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>12.00</td>
<td>22.00</td>
<td>34.00</td>
<td>2019-12-17</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2019-12-24 [Closed]</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>2075/2076</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>12.00</td>
<td>22.00</td>
<td>34.00</td>
<td>2019-02-18</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2019-02-26 [Closed]</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>2074/2075</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td>
<td>30.00</td>
<td>18.00</td>
<td>48.00</td>
<td>2017-09-12</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2017-09-21 [Closed]</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>2073/2074</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8</td>
<td>30.00</td>
<td>15.00</td>
<td>45.00</td>
<td>2016-09-21</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2016-09-29 [Closed]</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>2072/2073</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>9</td>
<td>30.00</td>
<td>6.842</td>
<td>36.842</td>
<td>2015-12-06</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2015-12-14 [Closed]</td>
<td>2015-12-28</td>
<td></td>
<td>2071/2072</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10</td>
<td>20.00</td>
<td>45.00</td>
<td>65.00</td>
<td>2014-11-13</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2014-11-21 [Closed]</td>
<td>2014-12-02</td>
<td></td>
<td>2070/2071</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>11</td>
<td>25.00</td>
<td>40.00</td>
<td>65.00</td>
<td>2013-12-09</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2013-12-17 [Closed]</td>
<td>2013-12-28</td>
<td></td>
<td>2069/2070</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>12</td>
<td>20.00</td>
<td>40.00</td>
<td>60.00</td>
<td>2012-10-03</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2012-10-11 [Closed]</td>
<td>2012-10-30</td>
<td></td>
<td>2068/2069</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>13</td>
<td>0.00</td>
<td>30.00</td>
<td>30.00</td>
<td>2011-12-04</td>
<td class="closed-cell">2011-12-12 [Closed]</td>
<td>2011-12-20</td>
<td></td>
<td>2067/2068</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<button class="btn" onclick="downloadTable()">Download Table</button>
<script>
function downloadTable() {
const table = document.querySelector('table');
let csv = [];
const rows = table.querySelectorAll('tr');
for (let i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
const row = [], cols = rows[i].querySelectorAll('td, th');
for (let j = 0; j < cols.length; j++) {
row.push(cols[j].innerText);
}
csv.push(row.join(','));
}
const csvString = csv.join('\n');
const blob = new Blob([csvString], { type: 'text/csv' });
const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
const a = document.createElement('a');
a.setAttribute('href', url);
a.setAttribute('download', 'dividend_table.csv');
a.click();
URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
NEPSE CHART I FRAME
<iframe src="https://nepsealpha.com/nepse-chart?symbol=NABIL"
title="NEPSE Chart for NABIL"
style="border:none; width:100%; height:600px; box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);"></iframe>
MAJOR INDICATOR
EPS
<div style="position: relative; width: 100%; height: 0; padding-top: 56.2500%;
padding-bottom: 0; box-shadow: 0 2px 8px 0 rgba(63,69,81,0.16); margin-top: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.9em; overflow: hidden;
border-radius: 8px; will-change: transform;">
<iframe loading="lazy" style="position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; top: 0; left: 0; border: none; padding: 0;margin: 0;"
src="https://www.canva.com/design/DAGVIiXMFho/5EL0v7kjne7rjl_W9fcnxA/view?embed" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" allow="fullscreen">
</iframe>
</div>
<a href="https://www.canva.com/design/DAGVIiXMFho/5EL0v7kjne7rjl_W9fcnxA/view?utm_content=DAGVIiXMFho&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=embeds&utm_source=link" target="_blank" rel="noopener">NET PROFIT
<div style="position: relative; width: 100%; height: 0; padding-top: 56.2500%;
padding-bottom: 0; box-shadow: 0 2px 8px 0 rgba(63,69,81,0.16); margin-top: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.9em; overflow: hidden;
border-radius: 8px; will-change: transform;">
<iframe loading="lazy" style="position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; top: 0; left: 0; border: none; padding: 0;margin: 0;"
src="https://www.canva.com/design/DAGVIvNecKU/9GnmRcWcpEtyTNvmSYs35g/view?embed" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" allow="fullscreen">
</iframe>
</div>
<a href="https://www.canva.com/design/DAGVIvNecKU/9GnmRcWcpEtyTNvmSYs35g/view?utm_content=DAGVIvNecKU&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=embeds&utm_source=link" target="_blank" rel="noopener">EPS
<div style="position: relative; width: 100%; height: 0; padding-top: 56.2500%;
padding-bottom: 0; box-shadow: 0 2px 8px 0 rgba(63,69,81,0.16); margin-top: 1.6em; margin-bottom: 0.9em; overflow: hidden;
border-radius: 8px; will-change: transform;">
<iframe loading="lazy" style="position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; top: 0; left: 0; border: none; padding: 0;margin: 0;"
src="https://www.canva.com/design/DAGVIiXMFho/5EL0v7kjne7rjl_W9fcnxA/view?embed" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" allow="fullscreen">
</iframe>
</div>
<a href="https://www.canva.com/design/DAGVIiXMFho/5EL0v7kjne7rjl_W9fcnxA/view?utm_content=DAGVIiXMFho&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=embeds&utm_source=link" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IF YOU HAVE ANY FEEDBACK THEN COMMENT DOWN
LOW CAP COMPANIES FROM FINANCE SECTOR IN NEPSE
| Symbol | Fiscal Year | Quarter | Share Price (NPR) | Total Assets | Total Liabilities | Net Profit | EPS (NPR) | P/E Ratio | Price-to-Book Ratio | Return on Equity (%) |
|---|
| NFS | 081/082 | Q1 | 1500 | 72.99 Lac | 29.20 Lac | -2.40 Cr | -3.29 | 135.86 | -455.93 | 51.38 |
| MPFL | 081/082 | Q1 | 745 | 61.02 Lac | 29.90 Lac | 1.48 Cr | 9.69 | 115.73 | 76.88 | 24.92 |
| SFCL | 081/082 | Q1 | 779.9 | 81.89 Lac | 32.76 Lac | -1.82 Cr | -2.22 | NaN | -351.31 | 23.81 |
| JFL | 081/082 | Q1 | 750.8 | 69.05 Lac | 33.83 Lac | 6.91 Cr | 48.42 | 67.90 | 15.51 | 22.19 |
| BFC | 081/082 | Q1 | 645.6 | 89.04 Lac | 35.62 Lac | -86.42 Lac | -3.88 | 134.91 | -166.39 | 18.13 |
| PROFL | 081/082 | Q1 | 690 | 84.81 Lac | 41.56 Lac | 8.09 Cr | 38.17 | 70.76 | 18.08 | 16.60 |
| GUFL | 081/082 | Q1 | 762.1 | 86.80 Lac | 42.53 Lac | 2.43 Cr | 11.19 | 164.93 | 68.11 | 17.92 |
| PFL | 081/082 | Q1 | 660 | 1.08 Cr | 43.30 Lac | -5.15 Cr | -18.11 | 109.24 | -36.44 | 15.24 |
| SIFC | 081/082 | Q1 | 644.9 | 98.17 Lac | 46.14 Lac | 41.51 Lac | 1.69 | 138.77 | 381.60 | 13.98 |
| GFCL | 081/082 | Q1 | 1015.2 | 94.61 Lac | 46.36 Lac | 4.95 Cr | 20.93 | 194.57 | 48.50 | 21.90 |
| CFCL | 081/082 | Q1 | 670 | 94.89 Lac | 46.49 Lac | 4.95 Cr | 20.87 | 133.80 | 32.10 | 14.41 |
| GMFIL | 081/082 | Q1 | 641 | 1.01 Cr | 48.58 Lac | -11.34 Cr | -8.75 | 132.22 | -73.26 | 13.19 |
| RLFL | 081/082 | Q1 | 645 | 1.12 Cr | 54.95 Lac | -5.76 Cr | -20.53 | 102.99 | -31.42 | 11.74 |
| ICFC | 081/082 | Q1 | 794.5 | 1.18 Cr | 57.99 Lac | 6.88 Cr | 23.25 | 169.18 | 34.17 | 13.70 |
| MFIL | 081/082 | Q1 | 762 | 1.35 Cr | 66.23 Lac | 9.42 Cr | 27.89 | 173.93 | 27.32 | 11.51 |
| Average | 780.40 | 43.70 Lac | 1.21 Cr | 9.69 | 122.99 | -27.50 | 19.37 |
DATA SOURCE : CHUKUL
Nabil Bank Proposes 10% Cash Dividend FY 2081/82
Kartik 13, 2081 – Nabil Bank Limited (NABIL) has proposed a 10% cash dividend for the fiscal year 2080/81 during its 668th board meeting. The dividend will be distributed on a paid-up capital of Rs. 27.05 Arba, pending approval from the central bank and endorsement at the upcoming AGM.
Currently, NABIL’s Last Traded Price (LTP) is Rs. 591.80.
DIVIDENT HISTORY
Dividend Table
| S.N. | Bonus Dividend(%) | Cash Dividend(%) | Total Dividend(%) | Announcement Date | Book Closure Date | Distribution Date | Bonus Listing Date | Fiscal Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.00 | 11.00 | 11.00 | 2023-11-23 | 2023-12-15 [Closed] | 2023-03-10 | 2079/2080 | |
| 2 | 18.5 | 11.5 | 30.00 | 2022-12-12 | 2023-01-02 [Closed] | 2022-03-29 | 2078/2079 | |
| 3 | 33.6 | 4.4 | 38.00 | 2021-11-03 | 2021-12-31 [Closed] | 2021-03-10 | 2077/2078 | |
| 4 | 33.5 | 1.76 | 35.26 | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-30 [Closed] | 2020-03-02 | 2076/2077 | |
| 5 | 12.00 | 22.00 | 34.00 | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-24 [Closed] | 2075/2076 | ||
| 6 | 12.00 | 22.00 | 34.00 | 2019-02-18 | 2019-02-26 [Closed] | 2074/2075 | ||
| 7 | 30.00 | 18.00 | 48.00 | 2017-09-12 | 2017-09-21 [Closed] | 2073/2074 | ||
| 8 | 30.00 | 15.00 | 45.00 | 2016-09-21 | 2016-09-29 [Closed] | 2072/2073 | ||
| 9 | 30.00 | 6.842 | 36.842 | 2015-12-06 | 2015-12-14 [Closed] | 2015-12-28 | 2071/2072 | |
| 10 | 20.00 | 45.00 | 65.00 | 2014-11-13 | 2014-11-21 [Closed] | 2014-12-02 | 2070/2071 | |
| 11 | 25.00 | 40.00 | 65.00 | 2013-12-09 | 2013-12-17 [Closed] | 2013-12-28 | 2069/2070 | |
| 12 | 20.00 | 40.00 | 60.00 | 2012-10-03 | 2012-10-11 [Closed] | 2012-10-30 | 2068/2069 | |
| 13 | 0.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 2011-12-04 | 2011-12-12 [Closed] | 2011-12-20 | 2067/2068 |
CHART
MAJOR INDICATOR
EPS
TOTAL ASSESTS
NET PROFIT
AAPL LIVE STOCK PRICE
CODE FOR INR TO USD CURRENCY CONVERTER HMTL ,CSS AND JS
FEATURE OF THE CODE
Responsive Design: The converter is designed to be responsive, adapting to various screen sizes while maintaining usability.
Full-Width and Height: The background gradient covers the full width and height of the viewport, providing a visually appealing backdrop.
Animated Fade-In Effect: The converter component has a fade-in animation when loaded, enhancing the user experience.
Currency Conversion Selection: Users can select between two conversion options:
- Indian Rupee (INR) to US Dollar (USD)
- US Dollar (USD) to Indian Rupee (INR)
Dynamic Flag Display: The application updates the flag icon dynamically based on the selected conversion direction.
Input Field for Amount: Users can enter an amount to be converted.
Slider for Amount Input: A range slider allows users to adjust the amount visually.
Convert Button: A button that initiates the currency conversion process when clicked.
Loading Spinner: A spinner animation appears while the conversion data is being fetched, indicating that a process is ongoing.
Real-Time Conversion: The conversion result updates automatically as the user inputs an amount or adjusts the slider.
Conversion Result Display: The result of the conversion is displayed prominently on the interface with appropriate currency symbols.
Conversion Information: Additional details about the conversion rate and last update time are shown below the result.
Error Handling: User-friendly error messages are displayed if the input is invalid or if there is an error fetching conversion data.
Input Validation: Alerts users if they attempt to convert without entering an amount.
Customizable Styles: CSS styles enhance the aesthetic appeal of the converter with color gradients, shadows, and rounded corners.
Cross-Origin API Fetch: The code uses the Exchange Rate API to fetch real-time currency conversion rates.
Accessibility: Labels and structured elements enhance usability for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Enhanced Currency Converter</title>
<style>
/* Basic Reset */
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
}
/* Body Styling */
body {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
width: 100vw;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1e3c72, #2a5298);
color: #fff;
}
/* Main Container */
.converter {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
padding: 2em;
border-radius: 15px;
text-align: center;
width: 90%;
max-width: 500px;
box-shadow: 0 8px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
animation: fadeIn 1s ease-in-out;
}
/* Animation */
@keyframes fadeIn {
from { opacity: 0; transform: scale(0.95); }
to { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1); }
}
/* Title */
.converter h1 {
font-size: 2em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
color: #00ff62;
text-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
}
/* Input Fields Styling */
.converter input[type="number"] {
padding: 0.8em;
width: 100%;
border: none;
border-radius: 8px;
margin-top: 1em;
font-size: 1.1em;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
color: #f9f9f9;
text-align: center;
}
/* Button Styling */
.converter button {
padding: 0.8em 1.5em;
border: none;
background: #ffd700;
border-radius: 10px;
margin-top: 1em;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
color: #222;
cursor: pointer;
transition: 0.3s;
box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.converter button:hover {
background: #ffb700;
box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}
/* Select Dropdown Styling */
.converter select {
margin-top: 1em;
padding: 0.8em;
width: 100%;
border: none;
border-radius: 8px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
font-size: 1.1em;
color: #222;
text-align: center;
}
/* Result Text */
.converter p {
font-size: 1.2em;
margin-top: 1em;
text-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
}
/* Emoji Decorations */
.currency-symbol {
font-size: 2em;
color: #ffd700;
}
/* Flag Styling */
.flag {
width: 24px;
height: 18px;
vertical-align: middle;
margin-left: 5px;
}
/* Slider Styling */
.slider {
margin-top: 1em;
width: 100%;
-webkit-appearance: none;
height: 5px;
background: #ffd700;
outline: none;
opacity: 0.8;
transition: opacity 0.2s;
border-radius: 5px;
}
.slider:hover {
opacity: 1;
}
/* Loading Spinner */
.spinner {
margin-top: 1em;
width: 50px;
height: 50px;
border: 5px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
border-top: 5px solid #ffd700;
border-radius: 50%;
animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
display: none;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}
@keyframes spin {
0% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
/* Additional Information Section */
.conversion-info {
font-size: 0.9em;
margin-top: 1em;
color: #ffdd70;
opacity: 0.9;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="converter">
<h1>💱 Currency Converter</h1>
<div>
<label for="currency-direction" style="font-size: 1.1em;">Select Conversion:</label>
<select id="currency-direction" onchange="updateFlag()">
<option value="INR-USD">₹ INR to $ USD</option>
<option value="USD-INR">$ USD to ₹ INR</option>
</select>
<img id="flag" class="flag" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg" alt="Flag">
</div>
<input type="number" id="amount" placeholder="Enter Amount" oninput="updateSlider(); autoConvert();">
<input type="range" id="amount-slider" class="slider" min="0" max="10000" step="1" oninput="updateAmount(); autoConvert();">
<button onclick="convertCurrency()">Convert</button>
<div class="spinner" id="spinner"></div>
<p id="result">💸 Result will appear here</p>
<div id="conversion-info" class="conversion-info"></div>
</div>
<script>
// Update flag based on selected currency direction
function updateFlag() {
const flag = document.getElementById("flag");
const direction = document.getElementById("currency-direction").value;
flag.src = direction === "INR-USD"
? "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg"
: "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg";
}
// Sync slider with input amount
function updateSlider() {
const amount = document.getElementById("amount").value;
document.getElementById("amount-slider").value = amount;
}
// Sync input amount with slider
function updateAmount() {
const sliderValue = document.getElementById("amount-slider").value;
document.getElementById("amount").value = sliderValue;
}
// Real-time conversion on input
function autoConvert() {
const amount = document.getElementById('amount').value;
if (amount) convertCurrency();
}
// Convert currency with API call
async function convertCurrency() {
const amount = document.getElementById('amount').value;
const direction = document.getElementById('currency-direction').value;
const result = document.getElementById('result');
const spinner = document.getElementById('spinner');
const conversionInfo = document.getElementById('conversion-info');
if (amount === "") {
result.innerHTML = "⚠️ Please enter an amount";
return;
}
// Show loading spinner
result.innerHTML = "";
spinner.style.display = "block";
// Determine conversion direction and set endpoint
let fromCurrency, toCurrency;
if (direction === "INR-USD") {
fromCurrency = "INR";
toCurrency = "USD";
} else {
fromCurrency = "USD";
toCurrency = "INR";
}
try {
// Fetch conversion rates
const response = await fetch(`https://v6.exchangerate-api.com/v6/3ecaf7cbc1b23c6f7551a36c/pair/${fromCurrency}/${toCurrency}/${amount}`);
const data = await response.json();
if (data.conversion_result) {
// Display conversion result with the correct symbol
const symbol = direction === "INR-USD" ? "$" : "₹";
result.innerHTML = `<span class="currency-symbol">${symbol}</span> ${data.conversion_result.toFixed(2)}`;
// Show additional conversion information
conversionInfo.innerHTML = `1 ${fromCurrency} = ${symbol}${data.conversion_rate.toFixed(4)} <br> Last Updated: ${data.time_last_update_utc}`;
} else {
result.innerHTML = "⚠️ Conversion error. Please try again.";
}
} catch (error) {
result.innerHTML = "⚠️ Unable to fetch conversion rates. Please try again.";
} finally {
// Hide loading spinner
spinner.style.display = "none";
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
DOWNLAOD CODE
INR to USD – Indian Rupees to US Dollars Exchange Rate
map
Gold Prices Soar to Historic Highs in Nepal
Gold prices in the Nepalese market have reached an unprecedented peak, experiencing a substantial one-day rise of Rs. 2,200.
According to the Federation of Nepal Gold and Silver Dealers’ Association, the price of fine gold has climbed to Rs. 1,70,700 per tola, eclipsing the previous day’s rate of Rs. 1,68,500 per tola.
Tejabi gold also saw a notable increase, now valued at Rs. 1,70,000 per tola, up from Rs. 1,67,800 per tola the prior day.
This surge represents a significant milestone, following the record set on October 29, 2024, when fine gold reached Rs. 1,68,500 per tola.
Furthermore, silver prices have risen by Rs. 15 per tola, now standing at Rs. 2,120 per tola, compared to Rs. 2,105 per tola the previous day.
CODE FOR EMI CALCULATOR IN INDIA
Dynamic Input: Users can adjust loan amount, interest rate, and loan tenure using sliders.
Visual Feedback: The current values are displayed dynamically as sliders are moved.
Pie Chart Visualization: A pie chart shows the total payment and total interest after calculation.
Enhanced Styling: The design includes glowing effects, improved colors, and hover animations.
Reset Functionality: A reset button clears all fields and resets to default values.
Responsive Design: The layout adapts well to various screen sizes for better user experience.
Tracking User Inputs: After each calculation, the results are displayed and can be used for tracking.
How to Use
Use the Reset button to clear all fields and start over.
Open the HTML file in a web browser.
Adjust the sliders or enter the values manually.
Click on the Calculate EMI button to see the results and pie chart.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Advanced EMI Calculator</title>
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:wght@400;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chart.js"></script>
<style>
body {
font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
background-color: #f4f4f9;
margin: 0;
padding: 20px;
color: #333;
}
h1 {
text-align: center;
}
.container {
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
background: #fff;
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 15px;
}
label {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
input[type="number"],
input[type="text"],
select {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 16px;
}
button {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
background-color: #007bff;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 16px;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #0056b3;
}
.hidden {
display: none;
}
.result-card {
background: #e9ecef;
padding: 15px;
border-radius: 5px;
margin: 10px 0;
}
.result-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 18px;
}
.result-info {
margin-top: 10px;
}
.result-table {
width: 100%;
border-collapse: collapse;
margin-top: 10px;
}
.result-table th,
.result-table td {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
padding: 8px;
text-align: center;
}
#emiChart {
max-height: 400px;
}
.savings-calculator {
margin-top: 30px;
}
.loan-comparison {
margin-top: 30px;
padding: 15px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
}
.loan-comparison input[type="number"] {
margin: 5px 0;
}
.comparison-result {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
margin-top: 15px;
}
.comparison-card {
width: 48%;
padding: 15px;
background: #d1e7dd;
border-radius: 5px;
}
@media print {
button,
.hidden {
display: none;
}
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 10px;
color: #000;
background: #fff;
}
.result-card,
.loan-comparison {
page-break-inside: avoid;
margin: 0;
border: none;
box-shadow: none;
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Advanced EMI Calculator</h1>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="loanAmount">Loan Amount (₹):</label>
<input type="number" id="loanAmount" placeholder="Enter loan amount" required>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="downPayment">Down Payment (₹):</label>
<input type="number" id="downPayment" placeholder="Enter down payment" required>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="interestRate">Interest Rate (% per annum):</label>
<input type="number" id="interestRate" placeholder="Enter interest rate" required>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="loanTenure">Loan Tenure (Months):</label>
<input type="number" id="loanTenure" placeholder="Enter loan tenure" required>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="monthlyIncome">Monthly Income (₹):</label>
<input type="number" id="monthlyIncome" placeholder="Enter monthly income" required>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label for="interestType">Interest Type:</label>
<select id="interestType">
<option value="fixed">Fixed</option>
<option value="floating">Floating</option>
</select>
</div>
<button id="calculateBtn">Calculate EMI</button>
<button id="resetBtn">Reset</button>
<button id="printBtn" class="hidden">Print Summary</button>
<button id="downloadButton" class="hidden">Download Summary</button>
<div class="hidden" id="emiResult"></div>
<canvas id="emiChart" class="hidden"></canvas>
<div class="savings-calculator">
<h2>Down Payment Savings Calculator</h2>
<label for="savingsAmount">Monthly Savings (₹):</label>
<input type="number" id="savingsAmount" placeholder="Enter monthly savings" required>
<label for="savingsGoal">Savings Goal (₹):</label>
<input type="number" id="savingsGoal" placeholder="Enter savings goal" required>
<button id="calculateSavingsBtn">Calculate Savings Time</button>
<div class="hidden" id="savingsResult"></div>
</div>
<div class="loan-comparison">
<h2>Loan Comparison Tool</h2>
<label for="compareLoanAmount1">Loan Amount 1 (₹):</label>
<input type="number" id="compareLoanAmount1" placeholder="Enter loan amount 1" required>
<label for="compareInterestRate1">Interest Rate 1 (%):</label>
<input type="number" id="compareInterestRate1" placeholder="Enter interest rate 1" required>
<label for="compareLoanTenure1">Loan Tenure 1 (Months):</label>
<input type="number" id="compareLoanTenure1" placeholder="Enter loan tenure 1" required>
<label for="compareLoanAmount2">Loan Amount 2 (₹):</label>
<input type="number" id="compareLoanAmount2" placeholder="Enter loan amount 2" required>
<label for="compareInterestRate2">Interest Rate 2 (%):</label>
<input type="number" id="compareInterestRate2" placeholder="Enter interest rate 2" required>
<label for="compareLoanTenure2">Loan Tenure 2 (Months):</label>
<input type="number" id="compareLoanTenure2" placeholder="Enter loan tenure 2" required>
<button id="compareLoansBtn">Compare Loans</button>
<div class="comparison-result hidden" id="comparisonResult"></div>
</div>
<div class="hidden" id="errorMessage">Please fill in all fields correctly.</div>
</div>
<script>
const calculateBtn = document.getElementById('calculateBtn');
const resetBtn = document.getElementById('resetBtn');
const emiResult = document.getElementById('emiResult');
const downloadButton = document.getElementById('downloadButton');
const printButton = document.getElementById('printBtn');
const errorMessage = document.getElementById('errorMessage');
const savingsResult = document.getElementById('savingsResult');
const calculateSavingsBtn = document.getElementById('calculateSavingsBtn');
const compareLoansBtn = document.getElementById('compareLoansBtn');
const comparisonResult = document.getElementById('comparisonResult');
calculateBtn.addEventListener('click', calculateEMI);
resetBtn.addEventListener('click', resetCalculator);
downloadButton.addEventListener('click', downloadSummary);
printButton.addEventListener('click', printSummary);
calculateSavingsBtn.addEventListener('click', calculateSavingsTime);
compareLoansBtn.addEventListener('click', compareLoans);
function calculateEMI() {
const loanAmount = parseFloat(document.getElementById('loanAmount').value);
const downPayment = parseFloat(document.getElementById('downPayment').value);
const interestRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('interestRate').value) / 100 / 12;
const loanTenure = parseInt(document.getElementById('loanTenure').value);
const monthlyIncome = parseFloat(document.getElementById('monthlyIncome').value);
if (isNaN(loanAmount) || isNaN(downPayment) || isNaN(interestRate) || isNaN(loanTenure) || isNaN(monthlyIncome) || loanAmount <= 0 || downPayment < 0 || interestRate < 0 || loanTenure <= 0 || monthlyIncome <= 0) {
errorMessage.classList.remove('hidden');
emiResult.innerHTML = '';
return;
} else {
errorMessage.classList.add('hidden');
}
const principal = loanAmount - downPayment;
const emi = principal * interestRate * Math.pow(1 + interestRate, loanTenure) / (Math.pow(1 + interestRate, loanTenure) - 1);
const totalPayment = emi * loanTenure;
const totalInterest = totalPayment - principal;
const loanEligibility = (monthlyIncome * 0.5) / emi;
emiResult.innerHTML = `
<div class="result-card">
<div class="result-title">EMI Calculation Result 📈</div>
<div class="result-info">
Your monthly EMI: <strong>₹${emi.toFixed(2)}</strong><br>
Total Payment over the loan tenure: <strong>₹${totalPayment.toFixed(2)}</strong><br>
Total Interest Paid: <strong>₹${totalInterest.toFixed(2)}</strong><br>
Based on your income, your loan eligibility is approximately: <strong>₹${loanEligibility.toFixed(2)}</strong>
</div>
</div>
`;
generateEMIChart(emi, loanTenure, principal);
downloadButton.classList.remove('hidden');
printButton.classList.remove('hidden');
emiResult.classList.remove('hidden');
}
function generateEMIChart(emi, loanTenure, principal) {
const ctx = document.getElementById('emiChart').getContext('2d');
const labels = [];
const principalData = [];
const interestData = [];
const interestRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('interestRate').value) / 100 / 12;
for (let month = 1; month <= loanTenure; month++) {
labels.push(`Month ${month}`);
const interest = principal * interestRate;
const principalPayment = emi - interest;
principal -= principalPayment;
principalData.push(principalPayment);
interestData.push(interest);
}
const data = {
labels: labels,
datasets: [{
label: 'Principal Payment',
backgroundColor: 'rgba(75, 192, 192, 0.5)',
borderColor: 'rgba(75, 192, 192, 1)',
data: principalData,
},
{
label: 'Interest Payment',
backgroundColor: 'rgba(255, 99, 132, 0.5)',
borderColor: 'rgba(255, 99, 132, 1)',
data: interestData,
}]
};
const config = {
type: 'line',
data: data,
options: {
responsive: true,
plugins: {
legend: {
position: 'top',
},
title: {
display: true,
text: 'EMI Breakdown Over Time',
},
},
},
};
if (window.emiChart) {
window.emiChart.destroy();
}
window.emiChart = new Chart(ctx, config);
document.getElementById('emiChart').classList.remove('hidden');
}
function resetCalculator() {
document.getElementById('loanAmount').value = '';
document.getElementById('downPayment').value = '';
document.getElementById('interestRate').value = '';
document.getElementById('loanTenure').value = '';
document.getElementById('monthlyIncome').value = '';
emiResult.classList.add('hidden');
downloadButton.classList.add('hidden');
printButton.classList.add('hidden');
errorMessage.classList.add('hidden');
document.getElementById('savingsAmount').value = '';
document.getElementById('savingsGoal').value = '';
savingsResult.classList.add('hidden');
comparisonResult.classList.add('hidden');
document.getElementById('emiChart').classList.add('hidden');
if (window.emiChart) {
window.emiChart.destroy();
}
}
function downloadSummary() {
const summary = emiResult.innerText;
const blob = new Blob([summary], { type: 'text/plain' });
const link = document.createElement('a');
link.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
link.download = 'EMI_Summary.txt';
link.click();
}
function printSummary() {
window.print();
}
function calculateSavingsTime() {
const savingsAmount = parseFloat(document.getElementById('savingsAmount').value);
const savingsGoal = parseFloat(document.getElementById('savingsGoal').value);
if (isNaN(savingsAmount) || isNaN(savingsGoal) || savingsAmount <= 0 || savingsGoal <= 0) {
savingsResult.innerHTML = "Please enter valid savings amounts.";
savingsResult.classList.remove('hidden');
return;
}
const monthsToReachGoal = Math.ceil(savingsGoal / savingsAmount);
savingsResult.innerHTML = `
<div class="result-card">
<div class="result-title">Savings Time Estimate 💰</div>
<div class="result-info">
To reach your savings goal of ₹${savingsGoal}, it will take you approximately <strong>${monthsToReachGoal} months</strong> if you save ₹${savingsAmount} each month.
</div>
</div>
`;
savingsResult.classList.remove('hidden');
}
function compareLoans() {
const loanAmount1 = parseFloat(document.getElementById('compareLoanAmount1').value);
const interestRate1 = parseFloat(document.getElementById('compareInterestRate1').value) / 100 / 12;
const loanTenure1 = parseInt(document.getElementById('compareLoanTenure1').value);
const loanAmount2 = parseFloat(document.getElementById('compareLoanAmount2').value);
const interestRate2 = parseFloat(document.getElementById('compareInterestRate2').value) / 100 / 12;
const loanTenure2 = parseInt(document.getElementById('compareLoanTenure2').value);
const emi1 = calculateEMIForComparison(loanAmount1, interestRate1, loanTenure1);
const emi2 = calculateEMIForComparison(loanAmount2, interestRate2, loanTenure2);
comparisonResult.innerHTML = `
<div class="comparison-card">
<h3>Loan 1 Details</h3>
<p>EMI: ₹${emi1.emi.toFixed(2)}</p>
<p>Total Payment: ₹${emi1.totalPayment.toFixed(2)}</p>
<p>Total Interest: ₹${emi1.totalInterest.toFixed(2)}</p>
</div>
<div class="comparison-card">
<h3>Loan 2 Details</h3>
<p>EMI: ₹${emi2.emi.toFixed(2)}</p>
<p>Total Payment: ₹${emi2.totalPayment.toFixed(2)}</p>
<p>Total Interest: ₹${emi2.totalInterest.toFixed(2)}</p>
</div>
`;
comparisonResult.classList.remove('hidden');
}
function calculateEMIForComparison(loanAmount, interestRate, loanTenure) {
const emi = loanAmount * interestRate * Math.pow(1 + interestRate, loanTenure) / (Math.pow(1 + interestRate, loanTenure) - 1);
const totalPayment = emi * loanTenure;
const totalInterest = totalPayment - loanAmount;
return { emi, totalPayment, totalInterest };
}
</script>
</body>
</html>DOWNLOAD CODE
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CODE FOR PERSONAL EMI CALCULATOR HTML, CSS AND JS
Features of the Personal Loan EMI Calculator
- User-Friendly Input Sliders and Fields
Users can adjust loan amount, interest rate, and loan tenure either by typing values into input fields or by using sliders for a more interactive experience. The current values display dynamically, helping users visualize their selections. - Responsive EMI Calculation
The “Calculate EMI” button calculates the monthly EMI, total payment, and total interest based on user input. The results appear immediately below, ensuring quick feedback and a seamless user experience. - Detailed Monthly Payment Schedule
A payment schedule displays the EMI breakdown for each month, giving users a clear picture of their loan repayment plan over time. This table updates automatically after each calculation. - Dark Mode Toggle
The “Toggle Dark Mode” button allows users to switch between light and dark themes, making the calculator accessible and comfortable for different lighting environments. - Real-Time Data Visualization with Charts
Using embedded charting, the calculator displays a chart of total payment versus interest. This visualization enhances user understanding by showing the interest proportion relative to the principal amount. - Interactive Reset Function
A reset button restores all input fields and results to default values, letting users start fresh without manually clearing entries, which improves the ease of testing different scenarios. - Glowing Animation and Visual Effects
A subtle glow animation on headings and hover effects on inputs and buttons creates an engaging, visually appealing interface, giving the tool a polished look. - Footer with Financial Advice Note
The footer includes a financial planning note, reminding users of the importance of careful financial planning, which adds value by encouraging responsible usage.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Personal Loan EMI Calculator</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.0.0-beta3/css/all.min.css">
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f4f4f4;
color: #333;
padding: 20px;
max-width: 800px;
margin: auto;
text-align: center;
transition: background-color 0.5s;
}
h1 {
margin-bottom: 20px;
color: #4CAF50;
text-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(76, 175, 80, 0.8);
}
.container {
margin: 20px 0;
padding: 20px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 10px;
background-color: #fff;
box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
transition: transform 0.2s;
}
.container:hover {
transform: scale(1.02);
}
label {
font-size: 18px;
margin-top: 10px;
display: block;
}
input[type="number"],
select {
width: calc(100% - 22px);
padding: 10px;
margin: 10px 0;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 16px;
transition: border 0.3s;
}
input[type="number"]:focus,
select:focus {
border: 2px solid #4CAF50;
box-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(76, 175, 80, 0.5);
}
.slider {
width: 100%;
margin: 10px 0;
}
button {
background-color: #4CAF50;
color: white;
padding: 10px 15px;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 16px;
margin: 5px;
transition: background 0.3s, transform 0.2s;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #388E3C;
transform: translateY(-2px);
}
button:active {
transform: translateY(0);
}
.result-card {
background-color: #e9f5ee;
padding: 15px;
margin: 10px 0;
border-radius: 5px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
text-align: left;
box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
.hidden {
display: none;
}
.chart-container {
position: relative;
margin-top: 20px;
}
canvas {
max-width: 100%;
}
.footer {
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 14px;
color: #777;
}
@keyframes glow {
0% {
text-shadow: 0 0 5px #4CAF50, 0 0 10px #4CAF50, 0 0 15px #4CAF50, 0 0 20px #4CAF50;
}
100% {
text-shadow: 0 0 10px #4CAF50, 0 0 20px #4CAF50, 0 0 30px #4CAF50, 0 0 40px #4CAF50;
}
}
.glow {
animation: glow 1s infinite alternate;
}
/* Add glowing effect to inputs and buttons */
input[type="number"]:hover,
select:hover,
button:hover {
box-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(76, 175, 80, 1);
}
/* Dark Mode Styles */
body.dark-mode {
background-color: #2c2c2c;
color: #f1f1f1;
}
.dark-mode .container {
background-color: #3c3c3c;
border: 1px solid #444;
}
.dark-mode .result-card {
background-color: #444;
border: 1px solid #555;
}
.dark-mode .footer {
color: #aaa;
}
.dark-mode button {
background-color: #555;
color: #fff;
}
.dark-mode button:hover {
background-color: #666;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="glow">Personal Loan EMI Calculator 🏦💰</h1>
<div class="container">
<label for="loanAmount">Loan Amount (₹):</label>
<input type="number" id="loanAmount" placeholder="Enter loan amount" required>
<input type="range" class="slider" id="loanAmountSlider" min="10000" max="1000000" value="500000" step="10000">
<p>Current Loan Amount: ₹<span id="loanAmountDisplay">500000</span></p>
<label for="interestRate">Interest Rate (% per annum):</label>
<input type="number" id="interestRate" placeholder="Enter interest rate" required>
<input type="range" class="slider" id="interestRateSlider" min="0" max="20" value="10" step="0.1">
<p>Current Interest Rate: <span id="interestRateDisplay">10</span>%</p>
<label for="loanTenure">Loan Tenure (months):</label>
<input type="number" id="loanTenure" placeholder="Enter loan tenure in months" required>
<input type="range" class="slider" id="loanTenureSlider" min="6" max="60" value="24" step="1">
<p>Current Loan Tenure: <span id="loanTenureDisplay">24</span> months</p>
<button id="calculateBtn">Calculate EMI 📊</button>
<button id="resetBtn">Reset 🔄</button>
<button id="toggleModeBtn">Toggle Dark Mode 🌙</button>
<div id="emiResult" class="hidden"></div>
<div id="monthlySchedule" class="hidden"></div>
<div class="chart-container">
<canvas id="emiChart" class="hidden"></canvas>
<canvas id="paymentChart" class="hidden"></canvas>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footer">💡 *Your personal loan EMI calculations are tracked for better financial planning.*</div>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chart.js"></script>
<script>
const calculateBtn = document.getElementById('calculateBtn');
const resetBtn = document.getElementById('resetBtn');
const toggleModeBtn = document.getElementById('toggleModeBtn');
const emiResult = document.getElementById('emiResult');
const monthlySchedule = document.getElementById('monthlySchedule');
const loanAmountSlider = document.getElementById('loanAmountSlider');
const interestRateSlider = document.getElementById('interestRateSlider');
const loanTenureSlider = document.getElementById('loanTenureSlider');
const loanAmountDisplay = document.getElementById('loanAmountDisplay');
const interestRateDisplay = document.getElementById('interestRateDisplay');
const loanTenureDisplay = document.getElementById('loanTenureDisplay');
let isDarkMode = false;
loanAmountSlider.addEventListener('input', updateLoanAmount);
interestRateSlider.addEventListener('input', updateInterestRate);
loanTenureSlider.addEventListener('input', updateLoanTenure);
calculateBtn.addEventListener('click', calculateEMI);
resetBtn.addEventListener('click', resetCalculator);
toggleModeBtn.addEventListener('click', toggleDarkMode);
function updateLoanAmount() {
loanAmountDisplay.textContent = loanAmountSlider.value;
document.getElementById('loanAmount').value = loanAmountSlider.value;
}
function updateInterestRate() {
interestRateDisplay.textContent = interestRateSlider.value;
document.getElementById('interestRate').value = interestRateSlider.value;
}
function updateLoanTenure() {
loanTenureDisplay.textContent = loanTenureSlider.value;
document.getElementById('loanTenure').value = loanTenureSlider.value;
}
function calculateEMI() {
const principal = parseFloat(loanAmountSlider.value);
const interestRate = parseFloat(interestRateSlider.value) / (12 * 100); // monthly interest
const tenure = parseInt(loanTenureSlider.value);
if (isNaN(principal) || isNaN(interestRate) || isNaN(tenure) || principal <= 0 || interestRate <= 0 || tenure <= 0) {
alert("Please enter valid values.");
return;
}
const emi = (principal * interestRate * Math.pow(1 + interestRate, tenure)) / (Math.pow(1 + interestRate, tenure) - 1);
const totalPayment = emi * tenure;
const totalInterest = totalPayment - principal;
displayResults(totalPayment, totalInterest, emi);
drawChart(totalPayment, totalInterest);
displayMonthlySchedule(emi, tenure);
}
function displayResults(totalPayment, totalInterest, emi) {
emiResult.innerHTML = `
<div class="result-card">
<h3>EMI Calculation Results 📈</h3>
<p>Monthly EMI: <strong>₹${emi.toFixed(2)}</strong></p>
<p>Total Payment: <strong>₹${totalPayment.toFixed(2)}</strong></p>
<p>Total Interest Payable: <strong>₹${totalInterest.toFixed(2)}</strong></p>
</div>
`;
emiResult.classList.remove('hidden');
}
function displayMonthlySchedule(emi, tenure) {
monthlySchedule.innerHTML = `<h3>Monthly Payment Schedule 📅</h3><table><tr><th>Month</th><th>EMI (₹)</th></tr>`;
for (let month = 1; month <= tenure; month++) {
monthlySchedule.innerHTML += `<tr><td>${month}</td><td>${emi.toFixed(2)}</td></tr>`;
}
monthlySchedule.innerHTML += `</table>`;
monthlySchedule.classList.remove('hidden');
}
function resetCalculator() {
loanAmountSlider.value = 500000;
interestRateSlider.value = 10;
loanTenureSlider.value = 24;
updateLoanAmount();
updateInterestRate();
updateLoanTenure();
emiResult.classList.add('hidden');
monthlySchedule.classList.add('hidden');
const emiChart = document.getElementById('emiChart');
const ctx = emiChart.getContext('2d');
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, emiChart.width, emiChart.height);
emiChart.classList.add('hidden');
const paymentChart = document.getElementById('paymentChart');
const ctxPayment = paymentChart.getContext('2d');
ctxPayment.clearRect(0, 0, paymentChart.width, paymentChart.height);
paymentChart.classList.add('hidden');
}
function drawChart(totalPayment, totalInterest) {
const emiChart = document.getElementById('emiChart');
const ctx = emiChart.getContext('2d');
const data = {
labels: ['Total Payment', 'Total Interest'],
datasets: [{
data: [totalPayment, totalInterest],
backgroundColor: ['#4CAF50', '#FF9800'],
hoverBackgroundColor: ['#388E3C', '#F57C00']
}]
};
const options = {
responsive: true,
plugins: {
legend: {
position: 'top',
},
tooltip: {
callbacks: {
label: function (tooltipItem) {
return `${tooltipItem.label}: ₹${tooltipItem.raw.toFixed(2)}`;
}
}
}
}
};
new Chart(ctx, {
type: 'pie',
data: data,
options: options
});
emiChart.classList.remove('hidden');
}
function drawPaymentChart(emi, tenure) {
const paymentChart = document.getElementById('paymentChart');
const ctx = paymentChart.getContext('2d');
const monthlyPayments = Array(tenure).fill(emi);
const data = {
labels: Array.from({ length: tenure }, (_, i) => `Month ${i + 1}`),
datasets: [{
label: 'Monthly EMI Payments (₹)',
data: monthlyPayments,
backgroundColor: '#2196F3',
borderColor: '#0D47A1',
borderWidth: 1,
fill: false,
tension: 0.1
}]
};
const options = {
responsive: true,
plugins: {
legend: {
display: true,
position: 'top',
},
tooltip: {
callbacks: {
label: function (tooltipItem) {
return `${tooltipItem.label}: ₹${tooltipItem.raw.toFixed(2)}`;
}
}
}
},
scales: {
y: {
beginAtZero: true,
title: {
display: true,
text: 'Amount (₹)'
}
}
}
};
new Chart(ctx, {
type: 'bar',
data: data,
options: options
});
paymentChart.classList.remove('hidden');
}
function toggleDarkMode() {
isDarkMode = !isDarkMode;
document.body.classList.toggle('dark-mode', isDarkMode);
toggleModeBtn.innerText = isDarkMode ? 'Toggle Light Mode ☀️' : 'Toggle Dark Mode 🌙';
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
DOWNLOAD CODE
LOAN CALCULATOR : PERSONAL EMI CALULATOR
EMI CALCULATOR -INDIA
Live Weather Today
PARIS WEATHER TODAY
Browser Market share: The most popular browsers of 2024
Browser Market Share in 2024 (in %)
- Chrome: 65.74%
- Safari: 18.21%
- Edge: 5.32%
- Firefox: 2.72%
- Samsung Internet: 2.4%
- Opera: 2.26%
- UC Browser: 1.21%
- Other Browsers (≤ 0.5%):
- 360 Safe Browser: 0.36%
- Yandex Browser: 0.36%
- QQ Browser: 0.35%
- Android: 0.47%
- Coc Coc: 0.09%
- Whale Browser: 0.11%
- IE: 0.14%
- Instabridge, KaiOS, Mozilla: 0.03%
- Edge Legacy, Puffin: 0.02%
- Sogou Explorer, Other: 0.04%
- Sony PS4: 0.01%
- Unknown: 0.01%
Browser Market Share Table
| Browser | Market Share (%) |
|---|---|
| Chrome | 65.74 |
| Safari | 18.21 |
| Edge | 5.32 |
| Firefox | 2.72 |
| Samsung Internet | 2.4 |
| Opera | 2.26 |
| UC Browser | 1.21 |
| 360 Safe Browser | 0.36 |
| Yandex Browser | 0.36 |
| QQ Browser | 0.35 |
| Android | 0.47 |
| Coc Coc | 0.09 |
| Whale Browser | 0.11 |
| IE | 0.14 |
| Instabridge | 0.03 |
| KaiOS | 0.03 |
| Mozilla | 0.03 |
| Edge Legacy | 0.02 |
| Puffin | 0.02 |
| Sogou Explorer | 0.04 |
| Other | 0.04 |
| Sony PS4 | 0.01 |
| Unknown | 0.01 |
| (Browsers with 0% share include AOL, BlackBerry, Chromium, Dolfin, IEMobile, Maxthon, NetFront, Nokia, Obigo, Openwave, Pale Moon, Phantom, Samsung, SeaMonkey, Silk, Sony PS3, SonyEricsson) |
SOURCE:STATCOUNTER
CODE FOR TRVEL BLOG WEBSITE IN HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT
Highlighted Features of Your Travel Blog
- Engaging Blog Posts
- Feature captivating articles with interactive options, such as “like,” “bookmark,” and “comment” buttons. This creates an immersive experience for readers to engage with your content directly.
- Beautiful Visuals
- Use high-quality images and videos to showcase destinations. Eye-catching galleries and slideshows help bring each location to life, giving readers a virtual taste of the places you explore.
- Interactive Maps
- Embed interactive maps within your posts to guide readers visually. These maps can highlight points of interest, trails, or routes to help readers follow your adventures and plan their own trips.
- Personalized Recommendations
- Offer curated recommendations for food, accommodation, and activities. Allow users to filter these based on their preferences, ensuring they find exactly what they’re looking for.
- Itinerary Planning Tools
- Provide itinerary templates and checklists that users can download or customize to suit their own travel plans, making your blog not only inspiring but also practical.
- Search and Filter Options
- Implement search and filter tools so readers can easily find posts by destination, activity type, budget, or difficulty level.
- Newsletter and Subscriber Perks
- Encourage readers to subscribe to your blog with a promise of exclusive content, travel tips, or early access to special posts. This builds a dedicated following and keeps readers engaged.
- Social Media Integration
- Connect your blog with social media platforms to allow easy sharing of your content. This not only widens your reach but also adds social proof to your travel tips and recommendations.
- User Accounts and Profiles
- Allow readers to create profiles where they can save articles, comment, and share their own travel experiences. This fosters a community of travel enthusiasts.
- Downloadable Travel Guides
- Offer downloadable PDF guides or travel checklists that readers can take on the go. These resources add value and encourage return visits to your blog.
- Real-Time Comments and Discussion Forums
- Introduce a comment section or forum where readers can discuss travel topics, ask questions, or seek advice from fellow travelers.
- Customizable Themes and Layouts
- Enable readers to choose a layout or theme for their viewing experience, whether it’s a dark mode for late-night reading or a grid view for photo-heavy exploration.
Tips to Enhance the User Interface:
- Use Visual Hierarchy: Place the most important features, such as “Featured Destinations” or “Top Reads,” at the top of the page to immediately catch attention.
- Add Animations: Apply subtle animations when users hover over feature icons or section headings. This can make the blog feel more dynamic and interactive.
- Highlight with Colors: Differentiate sections by using a contrasting color scheme or backgrounds to make each feature visually pop.
- Use Call-to-Action Buttons: Prominently display call-to-action buttons (e.g., “Subscribe,” “Bookmark,” or “Download Guide”) to encourage user engagement.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Travel Blog</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
background: linear-gradient(to right, #f0f4f8, #cfd9e6);
color: #333;
transition: background 0.5s ease;
}
header {
background-color: #2e3b4e;
color: white;
padding: 20px;
text-align: center;
position: relative;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
h1 {
margin: 0;
font-size: 2.5em;
transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}
h1:hover {
transform: scale(1.05);
}
/* Menu Bar Styles */
nav {
background-color: #2e3b4e;
padding: 10px 0;
box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
gap: 20px;
position: relative;
}
nav a {
color: white;
text-decoration: none;
font-weight: bold;
padding: 10px 15px;
border-radius: 5px;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
nav a:hover {
background-color: #00796b;
box-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(0, 121, 107, 0.6);
transform: translateY(-2px);
}
#main-content {
padding: 20px;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
gap: 20px;
}
.blog-post {
background: white;
border-radius: 10px;
overflow: hidden;
box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
transition: transform 0.3s;
}
.blog-post:hover {
transform: scale(1.02);
box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.blog-post img {
width: 100%;
border-bottom: 5px solid #2e3b4e;
}
.tags {
padding: 10px;
}
.tag {
background-color: #e0f7fa;
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 5px;
margin-right: 5px;
transition: background-color 0.3s;
}
.tag:hover {
background-color: #b2ebf2;
}
.like-section, .comment-section {
padding: 10px;
border-top: 1px solid #eee;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
}
.like, .bookmark {
cursor: pointer;
transition: color 0.3s;
}
.like:hover, .bookmark:hover {
color: #00796b;
}
#notifications-container {
position: fixed;
top: 20px;
right: 20px;
max-width: 300px;
z-index: 10;
}
.notification {
background: #00796b;
color: white;
padding: 10px;
margin: 5px 0;
border-radius: 5px;
opacity: 0;
transform: translateY(-20px);
animation: fadeIn 0.5s forwards;
}
@keyframes fadeIn {
from {
opacity: 0;
transform: translateY(-20px);
}
to {
opacity: 1;
transform: translateY(0);
}
}
.comment {
background: #f1f1f1;
padding: 8px;
margin: 5px 0;
border-radius: 5px;
}
input[type="text"] {
width: calc(100% - 100px);
padding: 8px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
transition: border-color 0.3s;
}
input[type="text"]:focus {
border-color: #00796b;
outline: none;
}
button {
padding: 8px 15px;
background-color: #00796b;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #004d40;
transform: translateY(-2px);
}
footer {
text-align: center;
padding: 20px;
background-color: #2e3b4e;
color: white;
position: relative;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
}
#contact-form {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 10px;
padding: 20px;
}
#contact-form input, #contact-form textarea {
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
transition: border-color 0.3s;
}
#contact-form input:focus, #contact-form textarea:focus {
border-color: #00796b;
outline: none;
}
#contact-form textarea {
resize: none;
}
/* New sections for destinations, tips, and stories */
.destination, .tip, .story {
background: white;
border-radius: 10px;
padding: 15px;
box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
transition: transform 0.3s;
}
.destination:hover, .tip:hover, .story:hover {
transform: scale(1.02);
box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.destination img {
width: 100%;
border-radius: 10px;
}
.story p {
font-style: italic;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<header>
<h1>Travel Adventures</h1>
</header>
<nav>
<a href="#home">Home</a>
<a href="#about">About Us</a>
<a href="#contact">Contact</a>
<a href="#tips">Tips</a>
<a href="#destinations">Destinations</a>
<a href="#stories">Stories</a>
</nav>
<div id="notifications-container"></div>
<div id="main-content"></div>
<footer>
<h3>Contact Us</h3>
<form id="contact-form">
<input type="text" id="contact-name" placeholder="Your Name" required>
<input type="email" id="contact-email" placeholder="Your Email" required>
<textarea id="contact-message" rows="4" placeholder="Your Message" required></textarea>
<button type="button" onclick="sendMessage()">Send Message</button>
</form>
</footer>
<script>
const posts = [];
const destinations = [];
const tips = [];
const stories = [];
let notifications = [];
function loadSampleData() {
// Blog posts
posts.push(
{
id: 1,
title: "Exploring the Beautiful Beaches",
content: "Discover the most beautiful beaches around the world. Experience sun, sand, and sea like never before!",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=Beach",
tags: ["Beach", "Travel", "Adventure"],
likes: 0,
bookmarked: false,
comments: []
},
{
id: 2,
title: "Hiking in the Mountains",
content: "Join us for an unforgettable hiking experience in the mountains. Breathtaking views await you!",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=Mountains",
tags: ["Hiking", "Adventure", "Nature"],
likes: 0,
bookmarked: false,
comments: []
}
);
// Destinations
destinations.push(
{
id: 1,
name: "Bali, Indonesia",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=Bali",
description: "A tropical paradise known for its stunning beaches and vibrant culture."
},
{
id: 2,
name: "Paris, France",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=Paris",
description: "The city of love, famous for its art, fashion, and iconic landmarks."
},
{
id: 3,
name: "Tokyo, Japan",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=Tokyo",
description: "A bustling metropolis blending tradition with modernity."
},
{
id: 4,
name: "Cape Town, South Africa",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=Cape+Town",
description: "Known for its harbor, natural setting, and landmarks like Table Mountain."
},
{
id: 5,
name: "Sydney, Australia",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=Sydney",
description: "Famous for its Sydney Opera House and beautiful harbor."
},
{
id: 6,
name: "Rio de Janeiro, Brazil",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=Rio",
description: "Renowned for its Copacabana beach and the Christ the Redeemer statue."
},
{
id: 7,
name: "New York, USA",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=New+York",
description: "The city that never sleeps, known for its skyline and diverse culture."
},
{
id: 8,
name: "Rome, Italy",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=Rome",
description: "Known for its nearly 3,000 years of globally influential art, architecture, and culture."
},
{
id: 9,
name: "Machu Picchu, Peru",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=Machu+Picchu",
description: "An ancient Incan city set high in the Andes Mountains."
},
{
id: 10,
name: "Santorini, Greece",
image: "https://via.placeholder.com/300x200.png?text=Santorini",
description: "Famous for its whitewashed buildings and stunning sunsets."
}
);
// Travel tips
tips.push(
"Always carry a reusable water bottle to stay hydrated.",
"Pack light and bring versatile clothing for different occasions.",
"Learn a few basic phrases in the local language.",
"Keep your valuables close and be mindful of your surroundings.",
"Make copies of important documents and store them separately."
);
// Travel stories
stories.push(
{ name: "Alice", story: "Had an unforgettable experience in Bali, learning to surf and enjoying local cuisine. 🏄♀️" },
{ name: "John", story: "Explored the streets of Paris and fell in love with the art and architecture. 🎨" },
{ name: "Emma", story: "Hiked up Table Mountain and witnessed the breathtaking view of Cape Town. ⛰️" },
{ name: "Michael", story: "Took a road trip along the coast of Australia and enjoyed the stunning beaches. 🚗" },
{ name: "Sophia", story: "Discovered the ancient ruins of Machu Picchu and marveled at the history. 🏛️" }
);
loadPosts();
loadDestinations();
loadTips();
loadStories();
}
function loadPosts() {
const mainContent = document.getElementById('main-content');
mainContent.innerHTML = '';
posts.forEach(post => {
const postDiv = document.createElement('div');
postDiv.className = 'blog-post';
postDiv.innerHTML = `
<img src="${post.image}" alt="${post.title}">
<div class="tags">${post.tags.map(tag => `<span class="tag">${tag}</span>`).join('')}</div>
<h3>${post.title}</h3>
<p>${post.content}</p>
<div class="like-section">
<span class="like" onclick="likePost(${post.id})">👍 ${post.likes}</span>
<span class="bookmark" onclick="bookmarkPost(${post.id})">${post.bookmarked ? '★' : '☆'} Bookmark</span>
</div>
<div class="comment-section">
<input type="text" id="comment-input-${post.id}" placeholder="Add a comment...">
<button onclick="addComment(${post.id})">Comment</button>
</div>
<div id="comments-${post.id}"></div>
`;
mainContent.appendChild(postDiv);
loadComments(post);
});
}
function loadComments(post) {
const commentsDiv = document.getElementById(`comments-${post.id}`);
commentsDiv.innerHTML = '';
post.comments.forEach(comment => {
const commentDiv = document.createElement('div');
commentDiv.className = 'comment';
commentDiv.innerText = comment;
commentsDiv.appendChild(commentDiv);
});
}
function loadDestinations() {
const mainContent = document.getElementById('main-content');
destinations.forEach(destination => {
const destinationDiv = document.createElement('div');
destinationDiv.className = 'destination';
destinationDiv.innerHTML = `
<img src="${destination.image}" alt="${destination.name}">
<h4>${destination.name}</h4>
<p>${destination.description}</p>
`;
mainContent.appendChild(destinationDiv);
});
}
function loadTips() {
const mainContent = document.getElementById('main-content');
const tipsSection = document.createElement('div');
tipsSection.innerHTML = `<h3>Travel Tips</h3>`;
tips.forEach(tip => {
const tipDiv = document.createElement('div');
tipDiv.className = 'tip';
tipDiv.innerText = tip;
tipsSection.appendChild(tipDiv);
});
mainContent.appendChild(tipsSection);
}
function loadStories() {
const mainContent = document.getElementById('main-content');
const storiesSection = document.createElement('div');
storiesSection.innerHTML = `<h3>Travel Stories</h3>`;
stories.forEach(story => {
const storyDiv = document.createElement('div');
storyDiv.className = 'story';
storyDiv.innerHTML = `<strong>${story.name}</strong>: ${story.story}`;
storiesSection.appendChild(storyDiv);
});
mainContent.appendChild(storiesSection);
}
function likePost(postId) {
const post = posts.find(p => p.id === postId);
post.likes++;
loadPosts();
addNotification(`Liked "${post.title}"`);
}
function bookmarkPost(postId) {
const post = posts.find(p => p.id === postId);
post.bookmarked = !post.bookmarked;
loadPosts();
addNotification(`${post.bookmarked ? 'Bookmarked' : 'Removed bookmark'} for "${post.title}"`);
}
function addComment(postId) {
const input = document.getElementById(`comment-input-${postId}`);
const post = posts.find(p => p.id === postId);
if (input.value.trim()) {
post.comments.push(input.value.trim());
input.value = '';
loadComments(post);
addNotification(`Comment added to "${post.title}"`);
}
}
function addNotification(message) {
notifications.push(message);
const notificationDiv = document.createElement('div');
notificationDiv.className = 'notification';
notificationDiv.innerText = message;
document.getElementById('notifications-container').appendChild(notificationDiv);
setTimeout(() => {
notificationDiv.style.opacity = 1;
setTimeout(() => {
notificationDiv.style.opacity = 0;
setTimeout(() => {
notificationDiv.remove();
}, 500);
}, 2000);
}, 100);
}
function sendMessage() {
const name = document.getElementById('contact-name').value;
const email = document.getElementById('contact-email').value;
const message = document.getElementById('contact-message').value;
if (name && email && message) {
addNotification(`Message sent from ${name}`);
document.getElementById('contact-form').reset();
}
}
// Load sample data on page load
window.onload = loadSampleData;
</script>
</body>
</html>
DOWNLOAD CODE
watch our videos on Coding
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR LOGIN AND REGISTRATION FORM
HTML Structure
- Container: Holds the
loginandregistrationforms. - Forms:
- Login Form: Includes fields for email and password, a login button, social login buttons (Facebook, Google, GitHub), and a toggle link to switch to the registration form.
- Registration Form: Contains fields for full name, address, age, email, and password, a register button, and a toggle link to switch back to the login form.
- Background Element: Adds a gradient and animated glow effect behind the forms.
CSS Styling and Effects
- Basic Styles:
- A linear gradient background color and a radial gradient effect for the form background.
- Animated glow effect (
@keyframes glow) that subtly changes the form container’s shadow and size. - The background glow animates between scales, adding to the immersive look.
- Form Styling:
- Smooth transitions and animations on focus states for input fields.
- Button transformations on hover, creating a glowing effect.
- Toggle links that switch between the forms with a fade animation.
- Social Login Buttons: Styled with colors for specific platforms and scale-up on hover.
- Responsive Design: The forms are centered and responsive to different screen sizes, with flexible max-widths.
JavaScript Functionality
- Form Toggle:
toggleForm(): Toggles between displaying the login and registration forms, creating a seamless switch effect.
- Login Functionality:
- Validates the email and password input by checking against
localStorageto see if there’s a match for an existing user. - If matched, a success message is displayed; if not, an error message appears.
- Validates the email and password input by checking against
- Registration Functionality:
- Validates fields to ensure all are filled and checks age for validity.
- Password Validation: Ensures it includes an uppercase letter, lowercase letter, number, and special symbol.
- Saves user data (name, address, age, email, password) to
localStoragein lowercase for consistent comparison during login. - After successful registration, it displays a success message and toggles to the login form.
- Social Login Simulation:
socialLogin(platform): Simulates logging in with social media platforms with an alert, e.g., “Logging in with Facebook…”
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Modern Login & Registration</title>
<style>
/* Basic Reset */
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
height: 100vh;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1f4037, #99f2c8);
overflow: hidden;
color: #fff;
}
/* Form Background Glow */
.background {
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255, 204, 0, 0.15), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7));
animation: glow 20s infinite alternate;
z-index: 0;
}
@keyframes glow {
0% { transform: scale(1); }
50% { transform: scale(1.05); }
100% { transform: scale(1); }
}
/* Form Container */
.container {
position: relative;
width: 420px;
max-width: 95%;
padding: 2rem;
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);
border-radius: 15px;
box-shadow: 0 0 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
overflow: hidden;
z-index: 1;
text-align: center;
transition: transform 0.5s ease, opacity 0.5s ease;
animation: glowing 1.5s infinite alternate;
}
@keyframes glowing {
0% {
box-shadow: 0 0 5px #ffdd57, 0 0 10px #ffdd57, 0 0 15px #ffdd57, 0 0 20px #ff8b00, 0 0 30px #ff8b00, 0 0 40px #ff8b00;
}
100% {
box-shadow: 0 0 10px #ffdd57, 0 0 20px #ffdd57, 0 0 30px #ffdd57, 0 0 40px #ff8b00, 0 0 50px #ff8b00, 0 0 60px #ff8b00;
}
}
.container h2 {
font-size: 2rem;
color: #ffdd57;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
font-weight: 700;
letter-spacing: 1px;
text-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(255, 221, 87, 0.6);
}
.form {
display: none;
}
.form.active {
display: block;
animation: fadeIn 0.6s ease-in-out;
}
@keyframes fadeIn {
0% { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); }
100% { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
/* Input Styling */
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 20px;
position: relative;
}
.input-group input {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px 16px;
font-size: 1rem;
color: #333;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
border: none;
border-radius: 8px;
outline: none;
transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}
.input-group input:focus {
box-shadow: 0 0 12px rgba(255, 221, 87, 0.7);
}
.input-group label {
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 16px;
transform: translateY(-50%);
color: #666;
font-size: 0.9rem;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
pointer-events: none;
}
.input-group input:focus + label,
.input-group input:not(:placeholder-shown) + label {
top: -10px;
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: #ffdd57;
}
/* Buttons */
button {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px;
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: #333;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fffefc, #000000);
border: none;
border-radius: 8px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
box-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(255, 204, 0, 0.5);
margin-top: 10px;
}
button:hover {
transform: scale(1.05);
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(255, 204, 0, 0.7);
}
.toggle-link {
margin-top: 1rem;
color: #ffdd57;
font-size: 0.9rem;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
.toggle-link:hover {
text-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(255, 204, 0, 0.8);
}
/* Social Login Buttons */
.social-login button {
padding: 10px;
margin: 0.5rem;
width: calc(33% - 1rem);
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: #fff;
border: none;
cursor: pointer;
border-radius: 8px;
transition: transform 0.3s;
}
.social-login button.facebook {
background-color: #4267B2;
}
.social-login button.google {
background-color: #DB4437;
}
.social-login button.github {
background-color: #000000;
}
.social-login button:hover {
transform: scale(1.1);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="background"></div>
<div class="container">
<!-- Login Form -->
<div class="form active" id="login-form">
<h2>🌟 Login</h2>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" id="login-email" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="login-email">👤 Email</label>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="password" id="login-password" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="login-password">🔒 Password</label>
</div>
<button onclick="login()">Login</button>
<div class="social-login">
<button class="facebook" onclick="socialLogin('Facebook')">📘 Facebook</button>
<button class="google" onclick="socialLogin('Google')">📧 Google</button>
<button class="github" onclick="socialLogin('GitHub')">🐱 GitHub</button>
</div>
<p class="toggle-link" onclick="toggleForm()">Don’t have an account? Register here ➡️</p>
</div>
<!-- Registration Form -->
<div class="form" id="register-form">
<h2>🎉 Register</h2>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" id="reg-name" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="reg-name">📝 Full Name</label>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" id="reg-address" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="reg-address">🏠 Address</label>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="number" id="reg-age" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="reg-age">🎂 Age</label>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="email" id="reg-email" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="reg-email">📧 Email</label>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="password" id="reg-password" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="reg-password">🔒 Password</label>
</div>
<button onclick="register()">Register</button>
<p class="toggle-link" onclick="toggleForm()">Already have an account? Login here ➡️</p>
</div>
</div>
<script>
function toggleForm() {
const loginForm = document.getElementById('login-form');
const registerForm = document.getElementById('register-form');
loginForm.classList.toggle('active');
registerForm.classList.toggle('active');
}
function login() {
const email = document.getElementById('login-email').value.toLowerCase(); // Store email in lowercase
const password = document.getElementById('login-password').value;
const users = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('users')) || [];
const user = users.find(user => user.email === email && user.password === password);
if (user) {
alert("🎉 Login Successful! Welcome back! 🎈");
} else {
alert("🚨 Please enter correct information.");
}
}
function register() {
const name = document.getElementById('reg-name').value;
const address = document.getElementById('reg-address').value;
const age = document.getElementById('reg-age').value;
const email = document.getElementById('reg-email').value.toLowerCase(); // Store email in lowercase
const password = document.getElementById('reg-password').value;
if (!name || !address || !age || !email || !password) {
alert("🚨 Please complete all fields.");
return;
}
if (isNaN(age) || age <= 0) {
alert("🚨 Age should be a valid number.");
return;
}
const passwordPattern = /^(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*\d)(?=.*[@$!%*?&])[A-Za-z\d@$!%*?&]{8,}$/;
if (!passwordPattern.test(password)) {
alert("🚨 Password must contain an uppercase letter, lowercase letter, number, and symbol.");
return;
}
// Store user data
const users = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('users')) || [];
users.push({ name, address, age, email, password });
localStorage.setItem('users', JSON.stringify(users));
alert("🎉 Registration Successful! 🎈");
toggleForm();
}
function socialLogin(platform) {
alert(`🚀 Logging in with ${platform}...`);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
DOWNLOAD CODE
IF ANY FEEDBACK COMMENT DOWN
HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR LOGIN AND REGISTRATION FORM
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Modern Login & Registration</title>
<style>
/* Basic Reset */
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
height: 100vh;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1f4037, #99f2c8);
overflow: hidden;
color: #fff;
}
/* Form Background Glow */
.background {
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255, 204, 0, 0.15), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7));
animation: glow 20s infinite alternate;
z-index: 0;
}
@keyframes glow {
0% { transform: scale(1); }
50% { transform: scale(1.05); }
100% { transform: scale(1); }
}
/* Form Container */
.container {
position: relative;
width: 420px;
max-width: 95%;
padding: 2rem;
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);
border-radius: 15px;
box-shadow: 0 0 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
overflow: hidden;
z-index: 1;
text-align: center;
transition: transform 0.5s ease, opacity 0.5s ease;
animation: glowing 1.5s infinite alternate;
}
@keyframes glowing {
0% {
box-shadow: 0 0 5px #ffdd57, 0 0 10px #ffdd57, 0 0 15px #ffdd57, 0 0 20px #ff8b00, 0 0 30px #ff8b00, 0 0 40px #ff8b00;
}
100% {
box-shadow: 0 0 10px #ffdd57, 0 0 20px #ffdd57, 0 0 30px #ffdd57, 0 0 40px #ff8b00, 0 0 50px #ff8b00, 0 0 60px #ff8b00;
}
}
.container h2 {
font-size: 2rem;
color: #ffdd57;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
font-weight: 700;
letter-spacing: 1px;
text-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(255, 221, 87, 0.6);
}
.form {
display: none;
}
.form.active {
display: block;
animation: fadeIn 0.6s ease-in-out;
}
@keyframes fadeIn {
0% { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); }
100% { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
/* Input Styling */
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 20px;
position: relative;
}
.input-group input {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px 16px;
font-size: 1rem;
color: #333;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
border: none;
border-radius: 8px;
outline: none;
transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}
.input-group input:focus {
box-shadow: 0 0 12px rgba(255, 221, 87, 0.7);
}
.input-group label {
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 16px;
transform: translateY(-50%);
color: #666;
font-size: 0.9rem;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
pointer-events: none;
}
.input-group input:focus + label,
.input-group input:not(:placeholder-shown) + label {
top: -10px;
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: #ffdd57;
}
/* Buttons */
button {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px;
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: #333;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fffefc, #000000);
border: none;
border-radius: 8px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
box-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(255, 204, 0, 0.5);
margin-top: 10px;
}
button:hover {
transform: scale(1.05);
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(255, 204, 0, 0.7);
}
.toggle-link {
margin-top: 1rem;
color: #ffdd57;
font-size: 0.9rem;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
.toggle-link:hover {
text-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(255, 204, 0, 0.8);
}
/* Social Login Buttons */
.social-login button {
padding: 10px;
margin: 0.5rem;
width: calc(33% - 1rem);
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: #fff;
border: none;
cursor: pointer;
border-radius: 8px;
transition: transform 0.3s;
}
.social-login button.facebook {
background-color: #4267B2;
}
.social-login button.google {
background-color: #DB4437;
}
.social-login button.github {
background-color: #000000;
}
.social-login button:hover {
transform: scale(1.1);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="background"></div>
<div class="container">
<!-- Login Form -->
<div class="form active" id="login-form">
<h2>🌟 Login</h2>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" id="login-email" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="login-email">👤 Email</label>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="password" id="login-password" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="login-password">🔒 Password</label>
</div>
<button onclick="login()">Login</button>
<div class="social-login">
<button class="facebook" onclick="socialLogin('Facebook')">📘 Facebook</button>
<button class="google" onclick="socialLogin('Google')">📧 Google</button>
<button class="github" onclick="socialLogin('GitHub')">🐱 GitHub</button>
</div>
<p class="toggle-link" onclick="toggleForm()">Don’t have an account? Register here ➡️</p>
</div>
<!-- Registration Form -->
<div class="form" id="register-form">
<h2>🎉 Register</h2>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" id="reg-name" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="reg-name">📝 Full Name</label>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" id="reg-address" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="reg-address">🏠 Address</label>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="number" id="reg-age" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="reg-age">🎂 Age</label>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="email" id="reg-email" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="reg-email">📧 Email</label>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<input type="password" id="reg-password" placeholder=" " required>
<label for="reg-password">🔒 Password</label>
</div>
<button onclick="register()">Register</button>
<p class="toggle-link" onclick="toggleForm()">Already have an account? Login here ➡️</p>
</div>
</div>
<script>
function toggleForm() {
const loginForm = document.getElementById('login-form');
const registerForm = document.getElementById('register-form');
loginForm.classList.toggle('active');
registerForm.classList.toggle('active');
}
function login() {
const email = document.getElementById('login-email').value.toLowerCase(); // Store email in lowercase
const password = document.getElementById('login-password').value;
const users = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('users')) || [];
const user = users.find(user => user.email === email && user.password === password);
if (user) {
alert("🎉 Login Successful! Welcome back! 🎈");
} else {
alert("🚨 Please enter correct information.");
}
}
function register() {
const name = document.getElementById('reg-name').value;
const address = document.getElementById('reg-address').value;
const age = document.getElementById('reg-age').value;
const email = document.getElementById('reg-email').value.toLowerCase(); // Store email in lowercase
const password = document.getElementById('reg-password').value;
if (!name || !address || !age || !email || !password) {
alert("🚨 Please complete all fields.");
return;
}
if (isNaN(age) || age <= 0) {
alert("🚨 Age should be a valid number.");
return;
}
const passwordPattern = /^(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*\d)(?=.*[@$!%*?&])[A-Za-z\d@$!%*?&]{8,}$/;
if (!passwordPattern.test(password)) {
alert("🚨 Password must contain an uppercase letter, lowercase letter, number, and symbol.");
return;
}
// Store user data
const users = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('users')) || [];
users.push({ name, address, age, email, password });
localStorage.setItem('users', JSON.stringify(users));
alert("🎉 Registration Successful! 🎈");
toggleForm();
}
function socialLogin(platform) {
alert(`🚀 Logging in with ${platform}...`);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
NO DIVIDENT OF HIMALAYAN LAGHUBITTA FOR 2081/82
Himalayan Laghubitta Bittiya Sanstha Limited (HLBSL) has announced it will not be distributing dividends for the fiscal year 2080/81. This decision was made during the company’s 234th Board Meeting, held on Kartik 12, 2081. However, the finalization of this decision depends on the approval of HLBSL’s financial statements by Nepal Rastra Bank and the company’s Annual General Meeting.
At the time of this announcement, HLBSL’s share price closed at Rs. 979.00.
| S.N. | Bonus Dividend (%) | Cash Dividend (%) | Total Dividend (%) | Announcement Date | Book Closure Date | Distribution Date | Bonus Listing Date | Fiscal Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.00 | 0.58 | 11.58 | 2023-01-29 | 2023-02-26 [Closed] | 2023-07-20 | 2023-07-20 | 2078/2079 |
| 2 | 19.00 | 1.00 | 20.00 | 2021-09-30 | 2021-10-31 [Closed] | 2022-02-15 | 2022-02-15 | 2077/2078 |
| 3 | 3.5 | 0.1842 | 3.6842 | 2021-01-12 | 2021-03-04 [Closed] | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | 2076/2077 |
CHART
FIRST BREAK THE RULE BOOK SUMMARY
First, Break All the Rules: What the World’s Greatest Managers Do Differently by Marcus Buckingham and Curt Coffman is a landmark book based on extensive research by the Gallup organization, focused on what sets exceptional managers apart from the rest. This book challenges traditional management practices, providing insights into how successful managers motivate, retain, and develop employees. Here’s an in-depth summary covering key concepts, examples, and strategies from the book:
Introduction: Understanding Exceptional Management
Gallup’s extensive research revealed that great managers don’t follow conventional wisdom or established rules. Instead, they operate on principles that prioritize individual strengths and personal motivations over standard practices. The book provides a guide for managers on how to build high-performance teams by focusing on employees’ unique qualities rather than trying to mold them into a “one-size-fits-all” approach.
Part One: The Four Keys of Great Managers
- Selecting for Talent
Exceptional managers prioritize talent over skills or experience. They understand that while skills can be taught, talent—innate qualities such as creativity, empathy, or a strong work ethic—is inherent. Talented individuals bring a natural inclination toward certain tasks and roles, which managers can hone and direct.- Example: A sales manager might prioritize hiring candidates who exhibit natural enthusiasm and resilience, even if they lack extensive sales experience, because these traits can be more impactful in the long term.
- Defining the Right Outcomes
Rather than micromanaging tasks, great managers focus on defining the desired outcomes, allowing employees the freedom to achieve results in their own way. This approach fosters a sense of ownership and creativity.- Example: A project leader might set clear goals for project deliverables but allow team members to choose their tools, methods, and timelines to reach these goals. This encourages innovation and accountability.
- Focusing on Strengths
Instead of trying to “fix” weaknesses, successful managers build on employees’ strengths. They understand that amplifying an individual’s strengths leads to higher performance and job satisfaction, whereas focusing on weaknesses often results in frustration.- Example: A manager might assign an analytical task to someone with strong data skills while giving presentation tasks to a team member who is more charismatic and outgoing.
- Finding the Right Fit
Great managers recognize that roles should be molded to fit individuals, not the other way around. They place employees in positions where they are most likely to thrive and feel fulfilled.- Example: Rather than promoting someone solely based on tenure, a manager might evaluate whether a particular employee’s strengths align with the demands of a new role, ensuring a better fit and higher success rates.
Part Two: The Twelve Questions of Engagement
Gallup’s research found that twelve specific questions are critical in determining employee engagement. Managers who can positively answer these questions are more likely to have motivated, high-performing teams. Here are the key questions and why each matters:
- Do I know what is expected of me at work?
Clarity of expectations is foundational for job satisfaction. Employees need to understand their roles and responsibilities to feel secure and focused. - Do I have the materials and equipment I need to do my work right?
Employees who have the right tools can perform efficiently. Lack of resources leads to frustration and demotivation. - At work, do I have the opportunity to do what I do best every day?
When employees utilize their strengths, they’re more engaged and likely to produce high-quality work. - In the last seven days, have I received recognition or praise for doing good work?
Timely and specific recognition reinforces positive behavior and shows employees that their contributions are valued. - Does my supervisor, or someone at work, seem to care about me as a person?
Personal investment by managers fosters a positive workplace culture, strengthening team bonds and loyalty. - Is there someone at work who encourages my development?
Employees who feel supported in their growth and career aspirations are more likely to remain loyal and driven. - At work, do my opinions seem to count?
Inclusive environments where input is valued tend to foster innovative and productive teams. - Does the mission/purpose of my company make me feel my job is important?
Employees who align with the company’s purpose experience a greater sense of meaning in their work. - Are my coworkers committed to doing quality work?
A culture of excellence drives individuals to meet higher standards and creates a productive team environment. - Do I have a best friend at work?
Social connections improve job satisfaction and create a support system that enhances performance. - In the last six months, has someone talked to me about my progress?
Feedback and open discussions help employees understand their career trajectory and areas for improvement. - This last year, have I had opportunities at work to learn and grow?
Opportunities for advancement keep employees engaged and motivated to improve.
Part Three: Breaking the Rules in Practice
Hiring for Talent Over Experience
The book advises managers to interview for talent rather than just experience or skills. Identifying a candidate’s natural abilities—such as curiosity or empathy—can provide a clearer picture of how they will fit into the team and adapt to challenges.
- Tip for Managers: During interviews, ask open-ended questions that reveal how candidates think and respond to real-life situations rather than focusing solely on technical qualifications.
Individualizing Management Approaches
Managers need to tailor their approach to the unique strengths and personalities of each team member. Some employees may need frequent feedback, while others thrive with greater autonomy.
- Tip for Managers: Regular check-ins help managers understand individual preferences and adjust their management style accordingly, ensuring each team member feels supported.
Measuring and Setting Expectations
Rather than dictating processes, managers should define clear outcomes and empower employees to achieve them in ways that play to their strengths. This helps to drive performance without stifling creativity.
- Tip for Managers: Set specific, measurable goals and provide employees with the flexibility to find their own paths to success.
Creating a Culture of Recognition
Great managers recognize and reward employees frequently and meaningfully. This doesn’t necessarily mean monetary rewards—sometimes a sincere “thank you” or public acknowledgment is just as impactful.
- Tip for Managers: Establish a system for regular recognition, such as weekly shoutouts or quarterly awards, to celebrate employees’ contributions.
Part Four: The Path to Sustained Excellence
Sustained engagement and productivity come from continuously nurturing a culture that values individual talents, celebrates diversity, and aligns personal goals with organizational objectives. By constantly reinforcing the principles discussed, managers can build resilient teams that adapt to challenges and thrive.
Conclusion: Transforming Management Practices
First, Break All the Rules presents a paradigm shift in management, emphasizing that the path to high-performing teams is through understanding and valuing individual differences rather than enforcing conformity. By focusing on talent, flexibility, and engagement, managers can create an environment where employees are motivated to excel and remain committed to the company’s goals.
COTTON FUTURE CHART TODAY
XAU USD CHART
TOP ACTIVE GAINER AND LOSER COMPANIES IN USA
largest City by Area
City Population and Land Area Data (2015)
| City | Population Estimate (2015) | Country | Land Area (Km²) | Density (people/Km²) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York, NY-NJ-CT | 20,630,000 | United States | 11,642 | 1,800 |
| Tokyo-Yokohama | 37,843,000 | Japan | 8,547 | 4,400 |
| Chicago, IL-IN-WI | 9,156,000 | United States | 6,856 | 1,300 |
| Atlanta, GA | 5,015,000 | United States | 6,851 | 700 |
| Los Angeles, CA | 15,058,000 | United States | 6,299 | 2,400 |
| Boston, MA-NH-RI | 4,478,000 | United States | 5,325 | 800 |
| Dallas-Fort Worth, TX | 6,174,000 | United States | 5,175 | 1,200 |
| Philadelphia, PA-NJ-DE-MD | 5,570,000 | United States | 5,131 | 1,100 |
| Moscow | 16,170,000 | Russia | 4,662 | 3,500 |
| Houston, TX | 5,764,000 | United States | 4,644 | 1,200 |
| Nagoya | 10,177,000 | Japan | 3,885 | 2,600 |
| Shanghai | 23,416,000 | China | 3,820 | 6,100 |
| Beijing | 21,009,000 | China | 3,820 | 5,500 |
| Detroit, MI | 3,672,000 | United States | 3,463 | 1,100 |
| Guangzhou-Foshan, GD | 20,597,000 | China | 3,432 | 6,000 |
| Washington, DC-VA-MD | 4,889,000 | United States | 3,424 | 1,400 |
| Jakarta | 30,539,000 | Indonesia | 3,225 | 9,500 |
| Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto | 17,444,000 | Japan | 3,212 | 5,400 |
| Miami, FL | 5,764,000 | United States | 3,209 | 1,800 |
| Phoenix, AZ | 4,194,000 | United States | 3,196 | 1,300 |
| Paris | 10,858,000 | France | 2,845 | 3,800 |
| San Francisco-San Jose, CA | 5,929,000 | United States | 2,797 | 2,100 |
| Sao Paulo | 20,365,000 | Brazil | 2,707 | 7,500 |
| Buenos Aires | 14,122,000 | Argentina | 2,681 | 5,300 |
| Essen-Dusseldorf | 6,679,000 | Germany | 2,655 | 2,500 |
| Johannesburg-East Rand | 8,432,000 | South Africa | 2,590 | 3,300 |
| Bangkok | 14,998,000 | Thailand | 2,590 | 5,800 |
| Melbourne, VIC | 3,906,000 | Australia | 2,543 | 1,500 |
| Toronto, ON | 6,456,000 | Canada | 2,287 | 2,800 |
| Seoul-Incheon | 23,480,000 | South Korea | 2,266 | 10,400 |
| Delhi, DL-UP-HR | 24,998,000 | India | 2,072 | 12,100 |
| Mexico City | 20,063,000 | Mexico | 2,072 | 9,700 |
| Sydney, NSW | 5,170,000 | Australia | 2,031 | 2,500 |
1. Russia
- Total Area: 17,098,242 km² (6,601,665 mi²)
- Land Area: 16,376,870 km² (6,323,142 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 11.0%
- Description: Russia is the largest country in the world, spanning Eastern Europe and northern Asia. Its vast territory includes diverse landscapes, ranging from tundra and forests to mountain ranges and steppes. The country has a rich cultural heritage, including historic cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg, and is known for its significant natural resources.
2. Canada
- Total Area: 9,984,670 km² (3,855,101 mi²)
- Land Area: 9,093,510 km² (3,511,022 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 6.1%
- Description: Canada is the second-largest country and is renowned for its natural beauty, including vast forests, mountains, and lakes. The country has a diverse population and a multicultural society. Major cities like Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal are cultural and economic hubs.
3. China
- Total Area: 9,706,961 km² (3,747,877 mi²)
- Land Area: 9,388,211 km² (3,624,807 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 6.3%
- Description: China, the most populous country, has a rich history that spans thousands of years. The landscape is diverse, from the Himalayan mountains in the west to the coastal cities in the east. China is known for its cultural landmarks such as the Great Wall and the Forbidden City.
4. United States
- Total Area: 9,372,610 km² (3,618,783 mi²)
- Land Area: 9,147,420 km² (3,531,837 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 6.1%
- Description: The United States is characterized by a diverse landscape that includes mountains, plains, and coastlines. It has a robust economy and is a global leader in technology, culture, and military power. Major cities include New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago.
5. Brazil
- Total Area: 8,515,767 km² (3,287,955 mi²)
- Land Area: 8,358,140 km² (3,227,095 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 5.6%
- Description: Brazil is the largest country in South America, known for its vibrant culture, including Carnival and samba music. The Amazon Rainforest, a vital ecological area, spans a significant portion of the country, showcasing its biodiversity.
6. Australia
- Total Area: 7,692,024 km² (2,969,906 mi²)
- Land Area: 7,682,300 km² (2,966,151 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 5.2%
- Description: Australia is both a country and a continent, famous for its unique wildlife, stunning beaches, and indigenous cultures. Major cities include Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane. The Great Barrier Reef, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is located off its northeast coast.
7. India
- Total Area: 3,287,590 km² (1,269,345 mi²)
- Land Area: 2,973,190 km² (1,147,955 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 2.0%
- Description: India is known for its diverse cultures, languages, and religions. The country’s geography varies from the Himalayas in the north to the coastal regions in the south. Key cities include New Delhi, Mumbai, and Bangalore, each known for their unique character.
8. Argentina
- Total Area: 2,780,400 km² (1,073,518 mi²)
- Land Area: 2,736,690 km² (1,056,641 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 1.8%
- Description: Argentina is known for its rich cultural heritage, diverse landscapes, and strong European influence. From the Andes mountains to the Pampas grasslands, Argentina’s geography is varied. Buenos Aires, the capital, is famous for its tango music and vibrant nightlife.
9. Kazakhstan
- Total Area: 2,724,900 km² (1,052,089 mi²)
- Land Area: 2,699,700 km² (1,042,360 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 1.8%
- Description: Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country in the world, with vast steppes and mountainous regions. The country has a rich history influenced by nomadic cultures and the Silk Road. Astana (now Nur-Sultan) is the capital, known for its modern architecture.
10. Algeria
- Total Area: 2,381,741 km² (919,595 mi²)
- Land Area: 2,381,740 km² (919,595 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 1.6%
- Description: Algeria is the largest country in Africa, dominated by the Sahara Desert. The country has a rich history, with influences from Berber, Arab, and French cultures. Algiers, the capital, features a mix of modern and historical architecture.
11. DR Congo
- Total Area: 2,344,858 km² (905,354 mi²)
- Land Area: 2,267,050 km² (875,313 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 1.5%
- Description: The Democratic Republic of the Congo is rich in natural resources, including minerals and wildlife. The Congo River, one of the longest rivers in the world, flows through the country, which is also home to vast rainforests and diverse wildlife.
12. Greenland
- Total Area: 2,166,086 km² (836,330 mi²)
- Land Area: 410,450 km² (158,476 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.3%
- Description: Greenland, an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark, is known for its ice-covered landscape and sparse population. It has a unique indigenous culture and offers stunning natural scenery, including glaciers and icebergs.
13. Saudi Arabia
- Total Area: 2,149,690 km² (830,000 mi²)
- Land Area: 2,149,690 km² (830,000 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 1.4%
- Description: Saudi Arabia is known for its significant oil reserves and is the birthplace of Islam. The country features vast deserts, including the Rub’ al Khali (Empty Quarter), and is home to the holy cities of Mecca and Medina.
14. Mexico
- Total Area: 1,964,375 km² (758,449 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,943,950 km² (750,563 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 1.3%
- Description: Mexico boasts a rich cultural heritage influenced by indigenous civilizations and Spanish colonization. Its diverse landscapes include mountains, deserts, and beaches. Major cities include Mexico City, Guadalajara, and Cancún.
15. Indonesia
- Total Area: 1,904,569 km² (735,358 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,811,570 km² (699,451 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 1.2%
- Description: Indonesia is an archipelago of over 17,000 islands, known for its rich biodiversity and cultural diversity. It has numerous active volcanoes and is famous for its tropical climate, beautiful beaches, and traditional arts.
16. Sudan
- Total Area: 1,886,068 km² (728,215 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,765,048 km² (681,489 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 1.2%
- Description: Sudan features a rich history that includes ancient civilizations, pyramids, and diverse cultures. The country has vast deserts and the Nile River, which is crucial for agriculture and transport.
17. Libya
- Total Area: 1,759,540 km² (679,362 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,759,540 km² (679,362 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 1.2%
- Description: Libya is known for its vast deserts, particularly the Sahara, and ancient ruins from the Roman and Greek periods. The capital, Tripoli, has a rich history and is a significant Mediterranean port city.
18. Iran
- Total Area: 1,648,195 km² (636,371 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,628,550 km² (628,786 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 1.1%
- Description: Iran, historically known as Persia, has a rich cultural and historical heritage. Its diverse landscape includes mountains, deserts, and lush valleys. The capital, Tehran, is a major political and cultural center.
19. Mongolia
- Total Area: 1,564,116 km² (603,909 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,564,116 km² (603,909 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 1.0%
- Description: Mongolia is known for its nomadic culture and vast steppes. The country has a rich history, including its association with Genghis Khan. Ulaanbaatar, the capital, is the largest city and serves as the cultural and economic center.
20. Peru
- Total Area: 1,285,216 km² (496,222 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,280,000 km² (494,209 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.8%
- Description: Peru is known for its rich history, including the ancient Inca civilization. The Andes mountains run through the country, and the Amazon rainforest covers a significant portion of its territory. Major attractions include Machu Picchu and the Nazca Lines.
21. Chad
- Total Area: 1,284,000 km² (495,755 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,284,000 km² (495,755 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.8%
- Description: Chad is located in Central Africa and is characterized by its diverse geography, including deserts, savannas, and lakes. Lake Chad, a vital water source, is diminishing due to climate change and overuse.
22. Niger
- Total Area: 1,267,000 km² (489,000 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,267,000 km² (489,000 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.8%
- Description: Niger is predominantly desert, part of the Sahara Desert, but also features the Niger River, which is crucial for agriculture and transportation. The country has a rich cultural heritage, with various ethnic groups.
23. Angola
- Total Area: 1,246,700 km² (481,354 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,246,700 km² (481,354 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.8%
- Description: Angola is rich in natural resources, particularly oil and diamonds. The country has diverse landscapes, including coastal plains, savannas, and highlands. Luanda, the capital, is a major port city.
24. Mali
- Total Area: 1,240,192 km² (478,841 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,240,192 km² (478,841 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.8%
- Description: Mali is landlocked and known for its rich history, particularly as a center of trade and culture in ancient times. The country features the Niger River and significant historical sites like Timbuktu.
25. South Africa
- Total Area: 1,221,037 km² (471,445 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,219,090 km² (471,011 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.8%
- Description: South Africa is known for its diverse cultures, languages, and landscapes. It features a mix of urban and rural areas, with major cities like Johannesburg, Cape Town, and Durban. The country is famous for its wildlife and national parks.
26. Colombia
- Total Area: 1,141,748 km² (440,831 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,141,748 km² (440,831 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.7%
- Description: Colombia is known for its rich biodiversity and cultural diversity, influenced by Indigenous, African, and Spanish heritage. The country features mountains, rainforests, and beautiful coastlines. Bogotá, the capital, is a major cultural center.
27. Ethiopia
- Total Area: 1,104,300 km² (426,400 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,104,300 km² (426,400 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.7%
- Description: Ethiopia is one of the oldest nations in the world, with a rich history that includes ancient civilizations and Christianity’s early adoption. The country has diverse landscapes, including mountains, plateaus, and valleys.
28. Bolivia
- Total Area: 1,098,581 km² (424,164 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,083,301 km² (418,215 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.7%
- Description: Bolivia is known for its diverse ecosystems, including the Andes mountains and the Amazon rainforest. The country has a rich indigenous culture and significant historical sites like Tiwanaku.
29. Mauritania
- Total Area: 1,030,700 km² (397,685 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,030,700 km² (397,685 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.7%
- Description: Mauritania is predominantly desert, with the Sahara covering much of its territory. The country has a rich cultural heritage influenced by Arab and Berber cultures. Nouakchott, the capital, is a coastal city.
30. Egypt
- Total Area: 1,001,450 km² (386,662 mi²)
- Land Area: 1,001,450 km² (386,662 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.6%
- Description: Egypt is known for its ancient civilization, including the pyramids and the Sphinx. The Nile River is vital for agriculture and transportation. Cairo, the capital, is a bustling city with a rich historical heritage.
31. Tanzania
- Total Area: 945,087 km² (364,900 mi²)
- Land Area: 885,800 km² (342,000 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.6%
- Description: Tanzania is known for its diverse wildlife and landscapes, including Mount Kilimanjaro and the Serengeti National Park. The country has a rich cultural heritage with over 120 ethnic groups.
32. Nigeria
- Total Area: 923,769 km² (356,669 mi²)
- Land Area: 923,769 km² (356,669 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.6%
- Description: Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, known for its diverse cultures, languages, and resources. Major cities include Lagos, Abuja, and Port Harcourt, each playing significant roles in the country’s economy.
33. Venezuela
- Total Area: 916,445 km² (353,841 mi²)
- Land Area: 912,050 km² (352,000 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.6%
- Description: Venezuela is known for its rich natural resources, particularly oil and gas. The country features diverse landscapes, including the Andes mountains and the Amazon rainforest. Caracas, the capital, is a cultural hub.
34. Namibia
- Total Area: 825,615 km² (318,772 mi²)
- Land Area: 825,615 km² (318,772 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.5%
- Description: Namibia is known for its stunning landscapes, including the Namib Desert and Etosha National Park. The country has a diverse wildlife population and a rich cultural heritage, including indigenous communities.
35. Mozambique
- Total Area: 801,590 km² (309,496 mi²)
- Land Area: 786,380 km² (303,370 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.5%
- Description: Mozambique is known for its beautiful coastline along the Indian Ocean and diverse ecosystems. The country has a rich cultural heritage influenced by African, Portuguese, and Arab cultures.
36. Turkey
- Total Area: 783,356 km² (302,535 mi²)
- Land Area: 769,630 km² (297,157 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.5%
- Description: Turkey is a transcontinental country that bridges Europe and Asia. It has a rich history that includes ancient civilizations and empires. Major cities like Istanbul and Ankara are cultural and economic centers.
37. Chile
- Total Area: 756,102 km² (291,933 mi²)
- Land Area: 743,812 km² (287,037 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.5%
- Description: Chile is known for its diverse landscapes, including the Andes mountains, deserts, and coastline. The country has a rich cultural heritage influenced by indigenous and Spanish traditions.
38. Zambia
- Total Area: 752,612 km² (290,585 mi²)
- Land Area: 743,389 km² (287,025 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.5%
- Description: Zambia is known for its natural beauty, including national parks and the Victoria Falls, one of the largest waterfalls in the world. The country has a rich cultural heritage with numerous ethnic groups.
39. Guatemala
- Total Area: 108,889 km² (42,042 mi²)
- Land Area: 108,889 km² (42,042 mi²)
- % of World Landmass: 0.1%
- Description: Guatemala is known for its rich Mayan history and diverse landscapes, including mountains and rainforests. Major attractions include ancient ruins, colonial cities, and vibrant indigenous culture.
40. Uganda
Description: Uganda is known for its biodiversity, including national parks that are home to gorillas and other wildlife. The country features lakes, mountains, and a rich cultural heritage.
Total Area: 241,038 km² (93,065 mi²)
Land Area: 241,038 km² (93,065 mi²)
% of World Landmass: 0.2%
LARGEST COUNTRIES BY GDP
INTRODUCTION
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a vital economic indicator that reflects the monetary value of all finished goods and services produced within a country in a specific time period. It is often used to gauge the economic health of a nation and compare it with others. The nominal GDP figures represent the market value of goods and services at current prices without adjusting for inflation. This table provides a comprehensive overview of the nominal GDP of various countries in 2022, including aspects such as GDP growth, population, GDP per capita, and the share of world GDP. Understanding these elements can provide insights into economic performance, living standards, and relative economic power globally.
🌍 Global GDP Data (2022) 📊
| Country | GDP (nominal, 2022) | GDP (abbrev.) | GDP Growth | Population (2022) | GDP per Capita | Share of World GDP |
|---|
OVERVIEW
- United States
- GDP: $25.463 trillion
- GDP Growth: 2.06%
- Population: 341 million
- GDP per Capita: $74,554
- Share of World GDP: 25.32%
- The U.S. maintains the largest economy, driven by consumer spending, advanced technology, and a diverse industrial base. Despite lower growth compared to some emerging economies, its sheer size ensures it dominates global economic discussions.
- China
- GDP: $17.963 trillion
- GDP Growth: 2.99%
- Population: 1.425 billion
- GDP per Capita: $12,604
- China has experienced rapid growth over the past few decades, transitioning from an agriculture-based economy to a manufacturing and service-oriented one. Its significant share of world GDP reflects its vital role in global trade and production.
- Japan
- GDP: $4.231 trillion
- GDP Growth: 1.03%
- Population: 125 million
- GDP per Capita: $33,850
- Japan’s economy is characterized by advanced technology and a highly skilled workforce. Despite facing demographic challenges such as an aging population, it remains one of the world’s largest economies.
- Germany
- GDP: $4.072 trillion
- GDP Growth: 1.79%
- Population: 84 million
- GDP per Capita: $48,429
- Germany is the largest economy in Europe, known for its engineering and manufacturing sectors. It is a key player in the EU, contributing significantly to European economic stability.
- India
- GDP: $3.385 trillion
- GDP Growth: 7.00%
- Population: 1.425 billion
- GDP per Capita: $2,375
- India has shown impressive growth rates, driven by technology, services, and a young population. Its potential for growth remains high, positioning it as a rising economic power.
- United Kingdom
- GDP: $3.071 trillion
- GDP Growth: 4.10%
- Population: 68 million
- GDP per Capita: $45,038
- The UK economy is diverse, with significant contributions from finance, services, and manufacturing. Post-Brexit, it faces both challenges and opportunities in global trade.
- France
- GDP: $2.783 trillion
- GDP Growth: 2.56%
- Population: 66 million
- GDP per Capita: $41,989
- France’s economy is marked by a mix of agriculture, manufacturing, and services. It remains a leading global player with a focus on high-quality goods and cultural influence.
- Russia
- GDP: $2.240 trillion
- GDP Growth: -2.07%
- Population: 146 million
- GDP per Capita: $15,390
- Russia’s economy relies heavily on natural resources, especially oil and gas. Recent geopolitical tensions have negatively impacted its growth.
- Canada
- GDP: $2.140 trillion
- GDP Growth: 3.40%
- Population: 38 million
- GDP per Capita: $55,120
- Canada boasts a resource-rich economy and a strong service sector, benefiting from its proximity to the U.S. and trade agreements.
- Italy
- GDP: $2.010 trillion
- GDP Growth: 3.67%
- Population: 60 million
- GDP per Capita: $33,721
- Italy has a diverse economy, known for its luxury goods, automotive, and manufacturing sectors. Economic recovery has been slow but shows signs of improvement.
- Brazil
- GDP: $1.920 trillion
- GDP Growth: 2.90%
- Population: 210 million
- GDP per Capita: $9,130
- Brazil is the largest economy in South America, with vast natural resources and agricultural output. Economic challenges remain, but it has growth potential.
- Australia
- GDP: $1.675 trillion
- GDP Growth: 3.62%
- Population: 26 million
- GDP per Capita: $63,945
- Australia’s economy is characterized by its service sector and rich natural resources, benefiting from strong trade ties with Asia.
- South Korea
- GDP: $1.665 trillion
- GDP Growth: 2.56%
- Population: 52 million
- GDP per Capita: $32,159
- South Korea has a highly advanced economy, driven by technology, electronics, and automobile manufacturing.
- Mexico
- GDP: $1.414 trillion
- GDP Growth: 3.06%
- Population: 129 million
- GDP per Capita: $10,996
- Mexico’s economy is diverse, with significant manufacturing and agricultural sectors, bolstered by trade with the U.S.
- Spain
- GDP: $1.398 trillion
- GDP Growth: 5.45%
- Population: 48 million
- GDP per Capita: $29,219
- Spain’s economy has rebounded from the financial crisis, with a focus on tourism, agriculture, and manufacturing.
- Indonesia
- GDP: $1.319 trillion
- GDP Growth: 5.31%
- Population: 279 million
- GDP per Capita: $4,731
- Indonesia is the largest economy in Southeast Asia, with a mix of agriculture, manufacturing, and services.
- Saudi Arabia
- GDP: $1.108 trillion
- GDP Growth: 8.74%
- Population: 32 million
- GDP per Capita: $34,441
- The economy is heavily dependent on oil exports, with recent efforts to diversify through Vision 2030.
- Netherlands
- GDP: $991 billion
- GDP Growth: 4.48%
- Population: 18 million
- GDP per Capita: $55,356
- Known for its highly developed economy, the Netherlands is a major trading hub in Europe.
- Turkey
- GDP: $906 billion
- GDP Growth: 5.57%
- Population: 87 million
- GDP per Capita: $10,407
- Turkey’s economy is diverse, with strong industrial and agricultural sectors, although it faces economic instability.
- Switzerland
- GDP: $808 billion
- GDP Growth: 2.06%
- Population: 8.8 million
- GDP per Capita: $91,866
- Switzerland’s economy is characterized by high levels of wealth, financial services, and a strong manufacturing sector.
- Poland
- GDP: $688 billion
- GDP Growth: 4.87%
- Population: 38 million
- GDP per Capita: $17,928
- Poland is a rapidly growing economy in Europe, with strong manufacturing and service sectors.
- Argentina
- GDP: $633 billion
- GDP Growth: 5.24%
- Population: 45 million
- GDP per Capita: $13,935
- Argentina has significant agricultural output but faces economic challenges, including inflation and debt.
- Sweden
- GDP: $586 billion
- GDP Growth: 2.64%
- Population: 10 million
- GDP per Capita: $55,871
- Sweden’s economy is characterized by a high standard of living, strong welfare state, and advanced industries.
- Norway
- GDP: $579 billion
- GDP Growth: 3.28%
- Population: 5.5 million
- GDP per Capita: $105,877
- Norway benefits from vast oil and gas reserves, with a high standard of living and strong public sector.
- Belgium
- GDP: $602 billion
- GDP Growth: 3.29%
- Population: 11 million
- GDP per Capita: $55,496
- Belgium has a diverse economy, with strengths in manufacturing, services, and trade.
- Thailand
- GDP: $546 billion
- GDP Growth: 2.73%
- Population: 70 million
- GDP per Capita: $7,805
- Thailand is a major player in tourism and agriculture in Southeast Asia, with a growing industrial sector.
- Austria
- GDP: $487 billion
- GDP Growth: 5.25%
- Population: 9 million
- GDP per Capita: $54,377
- Austria has a well-developed social market economy, with strengths in industry and tourism.
- Ireland
- GDP: $579 billion
- GDP Growth: 9.50%
- Population: 5 million
- GDP per Capita: $115,024
- Ireland has a high GDP per capita, driven by a favorable business environment and a strong tech sector.
- Israel
- GDP: $482 billion
- GDP Growth: 5.30%
- Population: 9 million
- GDP per Capita: $54,778
- Israel is known for its technological innovations and startups, contributing to its rapid economic growth.
- Singapore
- GDP: $449 billion
- GDP Growth: 3.90%
- Population: 5.7 million
- GDP per Capita: $79,927
- Singapore is a global financial hub with a highly developed economy focused on services and trade.
- South Africa
- GDP: $399 billion
- GDP Growth: 3.58%
- Population: 60 million
- GDP per Capita: $6,644
- South Africa’s economy is diverse, with significant mining and agricultural sectors, although it faces inequality and unemployment challenges.
- Malaysia
- GDP: $384 billion
- GDP Growth: 8.80%
- Population: 33 million
- GDP per Capita: $11,673
- Malaysia’s economy is export-oriented, with strong agriculture, manufacturing, and services sectors.
- Philippines
- GDP: $384 billion
- GDP Growth: 7.62%
- Population: 113 million
- GDP per Capita: $3,460
- The Philippines has a growing economy, driven by remittances, BPO services, and a young population.
- Vietnam
- GDP: $366 billion
- GDP Growth: 7.93%
- Population: 99 million
- GDP per Capita: $3,702
- Vietnam’s economy is rapidly expanding, fueled by manufacturing and export-oriented growth.
- Bangladesh
- GDP: $364 billion
- GDP Growth: 6.95%
- Population: 171 million
- GDP per Capita: $2,128
- Bangladesh has shown remarkable growth, primarily through its garment industry and remittances.
- Chile
- GDP: $422 billion
- GDP Growth: 2.75%
- Population: 19 million
- GDP per Capita: $21,270
- Chile’s economy is characterized by its natural resources, particularly copper, and a stable economic environment.
- Colombia
- GDP: $389 billion
- GDP Growth: 7.73%
- Population: 51 million
- GDP per Capita: $7,626
- Colombia is rich in natural resources and agriculture, showing steady growth and improving security.
- Portugal
- GDP: $292 billion
- GDP Growth: 5.49%
- Population: 10 million
- GDP per Capita: $28,273
- Portugal’s economy has recovered post-crisis, with a focus on tourism and exports.
- Czech Republic
- GDP: $305 billion
- GDP Growth: 3.62%
- Population: 10 million
- GDP per Capita: $28,487
- The Czech Republic has a robust industrial base and benefits from its EU membership.
- Romania
- GDP: $301 billion
- GDP Growth: 5.43%
- Population: 19 million
- GDP per Capita: $15,484
- Romania has seen consistent growth driven by IT and agriculture, alongside EU support.
- Greece
- GDP: $265 billion
- GDP Growth: 5.45%
- Population: 10 million
- GDP per Capita: $25,626
- Greece is recovering from a debt crisis, with tourism playing a key role in its economic revival.
- New Zealand
- GDP: $274 billion
- GDP Growth: 5.81%
- Population: 5 million
- GDP per Capita: $53,703
- New Zealand’s economy is diverse, relying on agriculture, tourism, and services.
- Finland
- GDP: $306 billion
- GDP Growth: 2.95%
- Population: 5.5 million
- GDP per Capita: $55,073
- Finland has a strong education system and advanced technology sectors, contributing to its high living standards.
- Slovakia
- GDP: $127 billion
- GDP Growth: 5.55%
- Population: 5.4 million
- GDP per Capita: $23,537
- Slovakia’s economy has benefited from manufacturing, particularly in the automotive sector.
- Kazakhstan
- GDP: $229 billion
- GDP Growth: 3.55%
- Population: 19 million
- GDP per Capita: $11,600
- Kazakhstan’s economy is resource-rich, primarily driven by oil and minerals.
- Ukraine
- GDP: $180 billion
- GDP Growth: -29.20%
- Population: 43 million
- GDP per Capita: $4,196
- The ongoing conflict has severely impacted Ukraine’s economy, leading to significant contraction.
- Hungary
- GDP: $211 billion
- GDP Growth: 4.84%
- Population: 9.7 million
- GDP per Capita: $21,761
- Hungary has a diverse economy with strengths in manufacturing and agriculture, facing challenges from political instability.
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<th>Country</th>
<th>GDP (nominal, 2022)</th>
<th>GDP (abbrev.)</th>
<th>GDP Growth</th>
<th>Population (2022)</th>
<th>GDP per Capita</th>
<th>Share of World GDP</th>
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["United States", "$25,462,700,000,000", "$25.463 trillion", "2.06%", "341,534,046", "$74,554", "25.32%"],
["China", "$17,963,200,000,000", "$17.963 trillion", "2.99%", "1,425,179,569", "$12,604", "17.86%"],
["Japan", "$4,231,140,000,000", "$4.231 trillion", "1.03%", "124,997,578", "$33,850", "4.21%"],
["Germany", "$4,072,190,000,000", "$4.072 trillion", "1.79%", "84,086,227", "$48,429", "4.05%"],
["India", "$3,385,090,000,000", "$3.385 trillion", "7.00%", "1,425,423,212", "$2,375", "3.37%"],
["United Kingdom", "$3,070,670,000,000", "$3.071 trillion", "4.10%", "68,179,315", "$45,038", "3.05%"],
["France", "$2,782,910,000,000", "$2.783 trillion", "2.56%", "66,277,409", "$41,989", "2.77%"],
["Russia", "$2,240,420,000,000", "$2.240 trillion", "-2.07%", "145,579,899", "$15,390", "2.23%"],
["Canada", "$2,139,840,000,000", "$2.140 trillion", "3.40%", "38,821,259", "$55,120", "2.13%"],
["Italy", "$2,010,430,000,000", "$2.010 trillion", "3.67%", "59,619,115", "$33,721", "2.00%"],
["Brazil", "$1,920,100,000,000", "$1.920 trillion", "2.90%", "210,306,415", "$9,130", "1.91%"],
["Australia", "$1,675,420,000,000", "$1.675 trillion", "3.62%", "26,200,984", "$63,945", "1.67%"],
["South Korea", "$1,665,250,000,000", "$1.665 trillion", "2.56%", "51,782,512", "$32,159", "1.66%"],
["Mexico", "$1,414,190,000,000", "$1.414 trillion", "3.06%", "128,613,117", "$10,996", "1.41%"],
["Spain", "$1,397,510,000,000", "$1.398 trillion", "5.45%", "47,828,382", "$29,219", "1.39%"],
["Indonesia", "$1,319,100,000,000", "$1.319 trillion", "5.31%", "278,830,529", "$4,731", "1.31%"],
["Saudi Arabia", "$1,108,150,000,000", "$1.108 trillion", "8.74%", "32,175,352", "$34,441", "1.10%"],
["Netherlands", "$991,115,000,000", "$991 billion", "4.48%", "17,904,421", "$55,356", "0.99%"],
["Turkey", "$905,988,000,000", "$906 billion", "5.57%", "87,058,473", "$10,407", "0.90%"],
["Switzerland", "$807,706,000,000", "$808 billion", "2.06%", "8,792,182", "$91,866", "0.80%"],
["Poland", "$688,177,000,000", "$688 billion", "4.87%", "38,385,739", "$17,928", "0.68%"],
["Argentina", "$632,770,000,000", "$633 billion", "5.24%", "45,407,904", "$13,935", "0.63%"],
["Sweden", "$585,939,000,000", "$586 billion", "2.64%", "10,487,338", "$55,871", "0.58%"],
["Norway", "$579,267,000,000", "$579 billion", "3.28%", "5,456,801", "$106,155", "0.58%"],
["Belgium", "$578,604,000,000", "$579 billion", "3.25%", "11,641,820", "$49,700", "0.58%"],
["Ireland", "$529,245,000,000", "$529 billion", "11.97%", "5,110,016", "$103,570", "0.53%"],
["Israel", "$522,033,000,000", "$522 billion", "6.46%", "9,103,151", "$57,346", "0.52%"],
["United Arab Emirates", "$507,535,000,000", "$508 billion", "7.41%", "10,242,086", "$49,554", "0.50%"],
["Thailand", "$495,341,000,000", "$495 billion", "2.59%", "71,735,329", "$6,905", "0.49%"],
["Nigeria", "$477,386,000,000", "$477 billion", "3.25%", "223,150,896", "$2,139", "0.47%"],
["Egypt", "$476,748,000,000", "$477 billion", "6.59%", "112,618,250", "$4,233", "0.47%"],
["Austria", "$471,400,000,000", "$471 billion", "5.00%", "9,064,677", "$52,004", "0.47%"],
["Singapore", "$466,789,000,000", "$467 billion", "3.65%", "5,649,885", "$82,619", "0.46%"],
["Bangladesh", "$460,201,000,000", "$460 billion", "7.10%", "169,384,897", "$2,717", "0.46%"],
["Vietnam", "$408,802,000,000", "$409 billion", "8.02%", "99,199,160", "$4,116", "0.40%"],
["South Africa", "$399,184,000,000", "$399 billion", "2.00%", "59,630,230", "$6,694", "0.39%"],
["Finland", "$300,043,000,000", "$300 billion", "2.63%", "5,568,790", "$53,776", "0.30%"],
["Portugal", "$303,516,000,000", "$304 billion", "6.77%", "10,061,506", "$30,136", "0.30%"]
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MOST POPULATED COUNTIRIES IN THE WORLD
INDIA, the most populous country, boasts a population of approximately 1.43 billion and a substantial GDP of 3.73$ trillion, primarily driven by its manufacturing sector. Following closely is CHINA, with 1.41 billion people and a GDP of $18 trillion, showing strong growth in information technology and services.
In Indonesia, with a population of 276 million, agriculture and manufacturing contribute to a GDP of $1.45 trillion. Similarly, Pakistan (241 million) has a GDP of $376 billion, with textile production being a significant economic driver.
Brazil, the largest country in South America, has a population of 215 million and a GDP of $2.09 trillion, heavily reliant on agriculture and mining. In contrast, Nigeria, Africa’s most populous country at 223 million, struggles with economic diversification, with a GDP of $477 billion predominantly from oil exports.
Bangladesh, with a rapidly growing population of 170 million, has a GDP of $416 billion, largely driven by its textile industry. Meanwhile, Russia remains a significant player with a GDP of $2.01 trillion, primarily due to its vast natural resources, despite a declining population of 142 million.
Moving to Mexico, home to 126 million people and a GDP of $1.29 trillion, the nation thrives on manufacturing and trade. Japan, an advanced economy with a population of 125 million, leads in technology with a GDP of $4.23 trillion.
In Ethiopia, with 126 million people, the GDP of $111 billion is growing primarily through agriculture, while Philippines (116 million) focuses on electronics and services, boasting a GDP of $407 billion.
The Democratic Republic of Congo has a vast land area of 2.34 million km² and a GDP of $62 billion, largely dependent on mineral exports. Vietnam, with 101 million people, is experiencing rapid economic growth with a GDP of $409 billion driven by exports.
Iran and Turkey, with populations of 91 million and 87 million, respectively, show diverse economic strengths, with Iran’s GDP at $640 billion primarily from oil and Turkey’s at $1 trillion from a mix of manufacturing and agriculture.
Germany, with a strong economy worth $4.08 trillion, leads Europe in exports and technology, while Thailand (72 million) has a GDP of $542 billion, significantly from tourism and exports.
🌍 World Population by Country 🌏
| Rank | Country | Population |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | India 🇮🇳 | 1,455,122,761 |
| 2 | China 🇨🇳 | 1,418,272,944 |
| 3 | U.S.A. 🇺🇸 | 346,026,115 |
| 4 | Indonesia 🇮🇩 | 284,211,381 |
| 5 | Pakistan 🇵🇰 | 252,545,489 |
| 6 | Nigeria 🇳🇬 | 234,243,243 |
| 7 | Brazil 🇧🇷 | 212,262,561 |
| 8 | Bangladesh 🇧🇩 | 174,249,575 |
| 9 | Russia 🇷🇺 | 144,552,591 |
| 10 | Ethiopia 🇪🇹 | 133,158,536 |
| 11 | Mexico 🇲🇽 | 131,212,718 |
| 12 | Japan 🇯🇵 | 123,541,690 |
| 13 | Egypt 🇪🇬 | 117,128,786 |
| 14 | Philippines 🇵🇭 | 116,149,210 |
| 15 | D.R. Congo 🇨🇩 | 110,418,847 |
| 16 | Vietnam 🇻🇳 | 101,185,682 |
| 17 | Iran 🇮🇷 | 91,842,936 |
| 18 | Turkey 🇹🇷 | 87,542,483 |
| 19 | Germany 🇩🇪 | 84,396,963 |
| 20 | Thailand 🇹🇭 | 71,652,369 |
SEE MORE
1. India
- Area: 3,287,263 km²
- Population: 1,455,122,761
- Fertility Rate: 2.0 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 77.7%
- Main Imports: Crude petroleum, gold, coal
- Main Exports: Petroleum products, jewelry, pharmaceuticals
- GDP: $3.73 trillion
- GDP Per Capita: $2,548
- Major Ethnic Groups: Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Mongoloid
- Religions: Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism
- Highways: National Highways network (~151,019 km)
- Airports: 478
- Universities: 1,000+
2. China
- Area: 9,596,961 km²
- Population: 1,418,272,944
- Fertility Rate: 1.7 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 96.8%
- Main Imports: Integrated circuits, crude petroleum, iron ore
- Main Exports: Machinery, electronics, clothing
- GDP: $17.73 trillion
- GDP Per Capita: $12,556
- Major Ethnic Groups: Han Chinese, Zhuang, Manchu
- Religions: Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Christianity
- Highways: National Expressways (~162,000 km)
- Airports: 239
- Universities: 2,600+
3. United States of America
- Area: 9,525,067 km²
- Population: 346,026,115
- Fertility Rate: 1.7 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 99%
- Main Imports: Machinery, electronics, crude oil
- Main Exports: Machinery, aircraft, vehicles
- GDP: $25.46 trillion
- GDP Per Capita: $74,372
- Major Ethnic Groups: White, Hispanic, Black
- Religions: Christianity, Judaism, Islam
- Highways: Interstate Highway System (~78,000 miles)
- Airports: 13,513
- Universities: 4,000+
4. Indonesia
- Area: 1,904,569 km²
- Population: 284,211,381
- Fertility Rate: 2.3 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 99.6%
- Main Imports: Refined petroleum, machinery, vehicles
- Main Exports: Palm oil, coal, rubber
- GDP: $1.19 trillion
- GDP Per Capita: $4,353
- Major Ethnic Groups: Javanese, Sundanese, Malay
- Religions: Islam, Christianity, Hinduism
- Highways: National Highways (~51,000 km)
- Airports: 400+
- Universities: 4,500+
5. Pakistan
- Area: 881,913 km²
- Population: 252,545,489
- Fertility Rate: 3.5 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 59.1%
- Main Imports: Petroleum, machinery, food
- Main Exports: Textiles, rice, leather goods
- GDP: $376 billion
- GDP Per Capita: $1,476
- Major Ethnic Groups: Punjabi, Pashtun, Sindhi
- Religions: Islam, Hinduism, Christianity
- Highways: National Highways (~16,000 km)
- Airports: 151
- Universities: 200+
6. Nigeria
- Area: 923,768 km²
- Population: 234,243,243
- Fertility Rate: 4.7 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 62%
- Main Imports: Refined petroleum, cars, machinery
- Main Exports: Crude oil, natural gas, agricultural products
- GDP: $514 billion
- GDP Per Capita: $2,194
- Major Ethnic Groups: Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo
- Religions: Islam, Christianity, indigenous beliefs
- Highways: Federal Highways (~36,000 km)
- Airports: 28
- Universities: 170+
7. Brazil
- Area: 8,515,767 km²
- Population: 212,262,561
- Fertility Rate: 1.7 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 93.2%
- Main Imports: Machinery, chemicals, electronics
- Main Exports: Soybeans, iron ore, crude petroleum
- GDP: $2.09 trillion
- GDP Per Capita: $9,388
- Major Ethnic Groups: White, Brown, Black
- Religions: Christianity, Afro-Brazilian religions
- Highways: Federal Highways (~75,000 km)
- Airports: 4,093
- Universities: 2,500+
8. Bangladesh
- Area: 147,570 km²
- Population: 174,249,575
- Fertility Rate: 2.0 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 73.9%
- Main Imports: Machinery, petroleum, chemicals
- Main Exports: Garments, textiles, jute
- GDP: $416 billion
- GDP Per Capita: $2,346
- Major Ethnic Groups: Bengali, Bihari
- Religions: Islam, Hinduism
- Highways: National Highways (~21,000 km)
- Airports: 13
- Universities: 175+
9. Russia
- Area: 17,098,242 km²
- Population: 144,552,591
- Fertility Rate: 1.5 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 99.7%
- Main Imports: Machinery, pharmaceuticals, foodstuffs
- Main Exports: Oil, gas, metals
- GDP: $1.78 trillion
- GDP Per Capita: $12,227
- Major Ethnic Groups: Russian, Tatar, Ukrainian
- Religions: Russian Orthodox, Islam
- Highways: Federal Highways (~1,000,000 km)
- Airports: 1,200+
- Universities: 1,300+
10. Ethiopia
- Area: 1,104,300 km²
- Population: 133,158,536
- Fertility Rate: 3.4 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 51.8%
- Main Imports: Machinery, fuel, vehicles
- Main Exports: Coffee, livestock, gold
- GDP: $155 billion
- GDP Per Capita: $1,147
- Major Ethnic Groups: Oromo, Amhara, Tigray
- Religions: Christianity, Islam
- Highways: Federal Highways (~33,000 km)
- Airports: 22
- Universities: 40+
11. Mexico
- Area: 1,964,375 km²
- Population: 131,212,718
- Fertility Rate: 1.9 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 94.5%
- Main Imports: Machinery, electrical equipment, mineral fuels
- Main Exports: Vehicles, machinery, electronics
- GDP: $1.42 trillion
- GDP Per Capita: $11,208
- Major Ethnic Groups: Mestizo, Indigenous, White
- Religions: Christianity, indigenous beliefs
- Highways: Federal Highways (~49,000 km)
- Airports: 76
- Universities: 3,500+
12. Japan
- Area: 377,975 km²
- Population: 123,541,690
- Fertility Rate: 1.3 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 99%
- Main Imports: Crude petroleum, liquid natural gas, coal
- Main Exports: Machinery, vehicles, electronics
- GDP: $4.94 trillion
- GDP Per Capita: $39,971
- Major Ethnic Groups: Japanese
- Religions: Shinto, Buddhism
- Highways: National Highways (~1,000,000 km)
- Airports: 98
- Universities: 780+
13. Egypt
- Area: 1,001,450 km²
- Population: 117,128,786
- Fertility Rate: 3.3 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 71.2%
- Main Imports: Machinery, food, chemicals
- Main Exports: Petroleum, cotton, textiles
- GDP: $469 billion
- GDP Per Capita: $3,973
- Major Ethnic Groups: Egyptian, Berber, Bedouin
- Religions: Islam, Christianity
- Highways: National Highways (~22,000 km)
- Airports: 15
- Universities: 250+
14. Philippines
- Area: 300,000 km²
- Population: 116,149,210
- Fertility Rate: 1.8 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 98.2%
- Main Imports: Electronics, mineral fuels, machinery
- Main Exports: Electronic products, garments, coconut oil
- GDP: $407 billion
- GDP Per Capita: $3,490
- Major Ethnic Groups: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano
- Religions: Christianity, Islam
- Highways: National Highways (~28,000 km)
- Airports: 42
- Universities: 2,500+
15. Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R. Congo)
- Area: 2,344,858 km²
- Population: 110,418,847
- Fertility Rate: 5.0 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 77.3%
- Main Imports: Petroleum products, machinery, food
- Main Exports: Diamonds, copper, gold
- GDP: $62 billion
- GDP Per Capita: $561
- Major Ethnic Groups: Luba, Kongo, Mongo
- Religions: Christianity, indigenous beliefs
- Highways: National Highways (~2,000 km)
- Airports: 33
- Universities: 30+
16. Vietnam
- Area: 331,212 km²
- Population: 101,185,682
- Fertility Rate: 2.0 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 94.5%
- Main Imports: Machinery, petroleum, textiles
- Main Exports: Electronics, textiles, agricultural products
- GDP: $409 billion
- GDP Per Capita: $4,072
- Major Ethnic Groups: Kinh, Tay, Thai
- Religions: Buddhism, Catholicism, indigenous beliefs
- Highways: National Highways (~24,000 km)
- Airports: 42
- Universities: 400+
17. Iran
- Area: 1,648,195 km²
- Population: 91,842,936
- Fertility Rate: 1.9 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 85%
- Main Imports: Machinery, food, pharmaceuticals
- Main Exports: Oil, gas, petrochemicals
- GDP: $640 billion
- GDP Per Capita: $7,000
- Major Ethnic Groups: Persian, Azeri, Kurdish
- Religions: Islam, Zoroastrianism
- Highways: National Highways (~35,000 km)
- Airports: 40+
- Universities: 200+
18. Turkey
- Area: 783,356 km²
- Population: 87,542,483
- Fertility Rate: 1.76 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 96.2%
- Main Imports: Machinery, mineral fuels, chemicals
- Main Exports: Vehicles, machinery, textiles
- GDP: $1.00 trillion
- GDP Per Capita: $12,126
- Major Ethnic Groups: Turkish, Kurdish, Arab
- Religions: Islam, Christianity
- Highways: National Highways (~67,000 km)
- Airports: 57
- Universities: 200+
19. Germany
- Area: 357,022 km²
- Population: 84,396,963
- Fertility Rate: 1.5 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 99%
- Main Imports: Machinery, vehicles, electronics
- Main Exports: Machinery, vehicles, chemicals
- GDP: $4.08 trillion
- GDP Per Capita: $49,693
- Major Ethnic Groups: German, Turkish, Polish
- Religions: Christianity, Islam
- Highways: Autobahn (~13,000 km)
- Airports: 38
- Universities: 400+
20. Thailand
- Area: 513,120 km²
- Population: 71,652,369
- Fertility Rate: 1.5 children per woman
- Literacy Rate: 93.5%
- Main Imports: Machinery, electrical equipment, fuels
- Main Exports: Electronics, automobiles, rubber
- GDP: $542 billion
- GDP Per Capita: $7,481
- Major Ethnic Groups: Thai, Chinese, Malay
- Religions: Buddhism, Islam, Christianity
- Highways: National Highways (~35,000 km)
- Airports: 38
- Universities: 300+
SOURCE CODE
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<h1>🌍 World Population by Country 🌏</h1>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Rank</th>
<th>Country</th>
<th>Population</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>India 🇮🇳</td><td>1,455,122,761</td></tr>
<tr><td>2</td><td>China 🇨🇳</td><td>1,418,272,944</td></tr>
<tr><td>3</td><td>U.S.A. 🇺🇸</td><td>346,026,115</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>Indonesia 🇮🇩</td><td>284,211,381</td></tr>
<tr><td>5</td><td>Pakistan 🇵🇰</td><td>252,545,489</td></tr>
<tr><td>6</td><td>Nigeria 🇳🇬</td><td>234,243,243</td></tr>
<tr><td>7</td><td>Brazil 🇧🇷</td><td>212,262,561</td></tr>
<tr><td>8</td><td>Bangladesh 🇧🇩</td><td>174,249,575</td></tr>
<tr><td>9</td><td>Russia 🇷🇺</td><td>144,552,591</td></tr>
<tr><td>10</td><td>Ethiopia 🇪🇹</td><td>133,158,536</td></tr>
<tr><td>11</td><td>Mexico 🇲🇽</td><td>131,212,718</td></tr>
<tr><td>12</td><td>Japan 🇯🇵</td><td>123,541,690</td></tr>
<tr><td>13</td><td>Egypt 🇪🇬</td><td>117,128,786</td></tr>
<tr><td>14</td><td>Philippines 🇵🇭</td><td>116,149,210</td></tr>
<tr><td>15</td><td>D.R. Congo 🇨🇩</td><td>110,418,847</td></tr>
<tr><td>16</td><td>Vietnam 🇻🇳</td><td>101,185,682</td></tr>
<tr><td>17</td><td>Iran 🇮🇷</td><td>91,842,936</td></tr>
<tr><td>18</td><td>Turkey 🇹🇷</td><td>87,542,483</td></tr>
<tr><td>19</td><td>Germany 🇩🇪</td><td>84,396,963</td></tr>
<tr><td>20</td><td>Thailand 🇹🇭</td><td>71,652,369</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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UNDERSTAND ABOUT ISAREL HAMAS WAR
1. Ancient Historical Context and Religious Significance
- Historical Roots in Canaan and Judea
The region that encompasses Israel and Palestine has been inhabited for thousands of years, with ancient Canaan being one of the world’s earliest centers of civilization. It was later known as Judea, where Jewish kingdoms, including Israel and Judah, flourished. This area is foundational for Jewish identity and religious practices, centered in Jerusalem, where the First and Second Temples were built and served as focal points for Jewish life. These sites remain significant to Judaism, influencing the Jewish diaspora’s attachment to this land. - Transition of Empires and Religions
Over centuries, the land passed through multiple empires—the Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans. Following the Roman exile of many Jewish inhabitants, a significant Jewish diaspora emerged. The area came under the control of the Byzantine Empire and later, in the 7th century, was conquered by Arab Muslims, marking the rise of Islamic influence. Jerusalem subsequently became a revered site in Islam, as it was associated with the Prophet Muhammad’s Night Journey. This convergence of religious importance set the stage for ongoing cultural and territorial reverence by Jews, Christians, and Muslims alike. - Ottoman Control and the British Mandate
The Ottoman Empire ruled the region from the 16th century until the end of World War I. Following the empire’s collapse, the British took control of Palestine under a mandate from the League of Nations. The British administration introduced Western policies that both encouraged Jewish immigration and attempted to placate Arab concerns, ultimately leading to mounting tensions.
2. Modern Beginnings: The Balfour Declaration and the British Mandate
- Balfour Declaration of 1917
Britain issued the Balfour Declaration during World War I, expressing support for establishing a “national home for the Jewish people” in Palestine. This policy energized Jewish Zionists seeking refuge from European anti-Semitism and persecution. However, the declaration made no mention of a separate state for Arabs, leading to fears among Palestinian Arabs about displacement and marginalization. - Increased Immigration and Conflict
Jewish immigration to Palestine accelerated during the British Mandate (1920-1948), particularly as anti-Semitic sentiments and laws increased in Europe. Tensions between Jews and Arabs in Palestine grew as both communities claimed the land and its resources. The British struggled to manage these competing claims, periodically enforcing restrictive immigration quotas that ultimately failed to ease tensions. - Arab Rebellion and Partition Plans
In 1936-1939, Arab residents launched a revolt against British rule and Jewish immigration. The British responded with harsh measures, and the rebellion was eventually suppressed. Recognizing the growing unsustainability of their mandate, the British proposed partitioning Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states. However, the plan was rejected by Arab leaders, who saw it as an unfair allocation of land. This partition issue resurfaced with the United Nations in 1947.
3. The Founding of Israel and the 1948 Arab-Israeli War
- UN Partition Plan and Declaration of Israeli Independence
In 1947, the United Nations voted to partition Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states, with Jerusalem as an international city. While Jewish leaders accepted the plan, Arab leaders rejected it, viewing it as a violation of Palestinian sovereignty. On May 14, 1948, Israel declared independence, leading to immediate military interventions by neighboring Arab countries. The subsequent 1948 Arab-Israeli War ended with an Israeli victory, expanding Israel’s territory beyond the original UN plan. - The Nakba and Palestinian Refugees
The 1948 war resulted in the displacement of over 700,000 Palestinian Arabs, creating a refugee crisis that persists today. Palestinians refer to this displacement as the “Nakba” (catastrophe). Refugee camps were established in neighboring countries, but Palestinians’ desire to return to their ancestral lands became a central point of contention and an enduring symbol of Palestinian identity and resistance. - Armistice Lines and Expanding Tensions
Armistice agreements were signed in 1949, establishing what became known as the Green Line, delineating Israel from the West Bank (under Jordanian control) and Gaza Strip (administered by Egypt). These temporary boundaries became de facto borders, with tensions simmering on all sides as Palestinians faced a new life in exile, many still holding keys to their original homes.
4. The Six-Day War and Israel’s Occupation of Palestinian Territories
- The 1967 Six-Day War
Rising tensions between Israel and neighboring Arab states culminated in the 1967 Six-Day War. Israel launched preemptive strikes against Egypt, Syria, and Jordan, swiftly capturing the West Bank, East Jerusalem, Gaza Strip, the Sinai Peninsula, and the Golan Heights. Israel’s control over East Jerusalem allowed Jews access to the Western Wall for the first time since 1948, amplifying Jewish sentiment toward the city’s religious sites. - Long-Term Occupation and International Law
Israel’s occupation of the West Bank and Gaza began a complex military administration that continues today. Under international law, Israel’s continued settlement and occupation of these areas have been widely deemed illegal. However, Israel maintains that security concerns and historical ties justify its presence. These settlements have expanded into Palestinian lands, with around 700,000 Israeli settlers now living in the West Bank and East Jerusalem, intensifying territorial disputes. - Impact on Palestinian Lives
The occupation led to restrictions on Palestinian movement, land ownership, and economic activities, with checkpoints and barriers significantly impacting daily life. For many Palestinians, the occupation is viewed as a systematic effort to deprive them of self-determination and control over their resources. Access to water, agricultural land, and educational opportunities are among the areas affected, leading to international calls for the end of Israeli occupation.
5. Rise of Palestinian Nationalism and the PLO
- The Founding of the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)
Established in 1964, the PLO emerged as the main representative of Palestinian aspirations. Originally supported by Arab states, the PLO’s goal was to reclaim Palestinian lands and assert Palestinian autonomy. Initially endorsing armed struggle, the organization also began seeking diplomatic avenues to gain global support. - International Recognition and Diplomatic Achievements
The PLO received recognition from the Arab League and later gained observer status at the United Nations in 1974, signifying an important shift in international recognition. The PLO’s prominence grew as it emphasized Palestinian self-determination and resistance to Israeli occupation, garnering support from many countries. - From Armed Struggle to Diplomacy: Oslo Accords
In the late 1980s, the PLO began to shift toward diplomacy, seeking a negotiated settlement. The 1993 Oslo Accords between the PLO and Israel were a landmark attempt at peace, granting the PLO limited autonomy in certain areas and establishing the Palestinian Authority. However, disagreements over issues such as Jerusalem’s status, the right of return, and Israeli settlements in the West Bank prevented the accords from achieving a lasting peace.
6. Emergence of Hamas and Internal Palestinian Divisions
- Formation of Hamas and Its Ideology
Hamas was founded in 1987 during the First Intifada, espousing an Islamist ideology with the aim of liberating Palestine through resistance and establishing an Islamic state. Initially a social and religious organization, Hamas quickly evolved into a militant force, carrying out attacks against Israeli military and civilian targets. - Political Rise and Control of Gaza
In the 2006 Palestinian elections, Hamas won a majority, leading to a power struggle with Fatah, the dominant faction in the PLO. The conflict between Fatah and Hamas escalated in 2007, leading to a split where Hamas took control of Gaza, while Fatah maintained control in the West Bank. This internal division has hindered Palestinian unity, complicating negotiations and international support for Palestinian autonomy. - Hamas’s Tactics and International Response
Hamas’s attacks on Israeli civilians have drawn international condemnation, with countries like the United States and Israel designating it a terrorist organization. However, Hamas’s base of support in Gaza reflects both ideological alignment and a reaction to Gaza’s socio-economic plight. Blockades imposed by Israel and Egypt following Hamas’s takeover have devastated Gaza’s economy, creating widespread poverty and unemployment.
7. Key Drivers of the Israel-Hamas Conflict
- Land and Resource Disputes
Land is at the heart of the conflict, with both sides asserting historical and political claims. Israeli settlements in the West Bank, seen as illegal under international law, are seen by Palestinians as a direct encroachment on their future state. Israel justifies its presence in these areas as necessary for security, creating a complex and often violent clash over access to land and resources. - Religious Sites and Jerusalem’s Significance
Jerusalem is a focal point of religious and nationalist sentiment for both sides. The contested status of holy sites, especially the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Western Wall, often triggers tensions. Israeli policies in East Jerusalem, such as evictions and settlement expansion, are particularly contentious, with Palestinians seeing them as attempts to undermine their claims to the city. - Humanitarian Impact on Gaza and Israeli Civilians
Gaza’s conditions have been dire for years, with Israeli and Egyptian blockades severely restricting access to goods and materials. Basic services like healthcare and clean water are in limited supply. The constant threat of rocket fire from Gaza affects Israelis,8. The Conflict’s Current Impact on Civilians - Humanitarian Challenges in Gaza
Gaza is one of the most densely populated areas globally, housing over 2 million people within 140 square miles. With a longstanding blockade imposed by Israel and Egypt, Gazans face significant shortages of essentials like clean water, electricity, and medical supplies. These restrictions have limited economic opportunities and severely impacted healthcare infrastructure. Human rights organizations have criticized the blockade as collective punishment, arguing that it exacerbates poverty, unemployment, and dependence on international aid . - Frequent Escalations and Casualties
Rocket fire from Gaza and airstrikes by Israel regularly result in civilian casualties on both sides. In Israel, rocket attacks by Hamas place millions of Israelis within range of frequent attacks, prompting Israeli civilians to rely on bomb shelters and the Iron Dome missile defense system. For Gazans, the lack of bomb shelters and limited means of evacuation result in devastating civilian tolls when airstrikes are conducted in densely populated areas .
9. Potential Paths to Peace and Obstacles
- Two-State Solution
The two-state solution, envisioning independent Israeli and Palestinian states coexisting peacefully, remains a widely endorsed framework internationally. However, Israeli settlement expansion in the West Bank and political divisions between Hamas and the Palestinian Authority complicate the feasibility of this solution. Additionally, political support for a two-state solution has waned among both Israelis and Palestinians amid ongoing violence and mistrust . - Internal Palestinian Divisions and Israeli Politics
The schism between Fatah and Hamas hinders the Palestinian leadership’s ability to negotiate a cohesive peace strategy. Israeli politics also contribute to the impasse, with right-wing coalitions often opposing concessions on territory and settlements, particularly regarding Jerusalem. These internal divisions on both sides create significant barriers to advancing diplomatic solutions . - International Diplomacy and the Role of External Powers
External powers, including the United States, the European Union, and neighboring Arab states, play crucial roles in mediating negotiations. However, these efforts are often hindered by competing regional interests and shifting political dynamics. Initiatives such as the Abraham Accords, which normalized relations between Israel and some Arab states, have complicated traditional alliances, leading some Palestinians to feel isolated from potential regional support . - Grassroots Movements and Civil Society Efforts
Despite the high-profile conflict, grassroots initiatives promoting dialogue and coexistence continue. Organizations like “Seeds of Peace” bring young Israelis and Palestinians together to foster understanding and reduce hostility. However, these efforts face challenges from both communities, where support for coexistence is frequently overshadowed by entrenched grievances .
KIRTI VENTURE FUND GOING TO ISSUE IPO
INTRODUCTION
Kriti Venture Fund Limited has decided to issue an Initial Public Offering (IPO). This decision was made during the company’s 53rd board meeting on September 30.
IPO Issuance: The company has resolved to issue an IPO for the general public.
8th Annual General Meeting: In preparation for the IPO, the company has scheduled its Annual General Meeting (AGM) for November 30 at 4 p.m. at DUSIT Princess, Lazimpat, Kathmandu.
Agenda for Discussion at the AGM:
- Approval of the proposal to issue an IPO.
- Proposals related to company mergers and acquisitions.
- Capitalization of loans provided to the Dobhankhola Hydropower Project.
- Review of the previous fiscal year’s board report, auditor’s report, balance sheet, profit and loss statement, and cash flow details.
- Appointment of an auditor and determination of remuneration for the current fiscal year.
Company Overview:
Kriti Venture Fund Ltd, founded in 2017, is a venture capital and private equity firm promoted by Machhapuchchhre Capital Limited, Shikhar Insurance Company Limited, and Team Ventures Private Limited, along with other prominent individual investors. The company, based in Kathmandu, Bagmati, operates with a current paid-up capital of NPR 20 crores, aiming to increase this to NPR 50 crores in the near future to expand its investments across productive sectors.
Kriti Venture Fund Ltd focuses on investing in industries that create long-term value assets, including fintech, energy and infrastructure, manufacturing, health, education, tourism, and agriculture. Currently, it holds five diverse investments in sectors such as agriculture, real estate, after-sales automobile services, and hydropower. With a commitment to capital growth, Kriti Venture Fund Ltd is preparing to make a public offering of its shares.
Company Details:
- Phone: 9846112965
- Industry: Venture Capital and Private Equity Principals
- Company Size: 2-10 employees
- LinkedIn Presence: 1 associated LinkedIn member listing Kriti Venture Fund Ltd as their workplace
- Headquarters: Kathmandu, Bagmati
- Specialties: Venture Fund Management
- Parent Company: Team Ventures
- Website: https://www.teamventures.com.np/
NEPSE SUMMARY OCT 27 2024
Market Summary
The market summary highlights the overall trading activity. The total turnover amounted to Rs: 4,732,487,864.93, reflecting a robust trading volume. A total of 11,134,178 shares were traded through 56,646 transactions, across 320 different scrips. Additionally, the total market capitalization stands at Rs: 4,165,133,814,926.9, while the float market capitalization is Rs: 1,473,535,592,676.5.
Top Turnover
The companies with the highest turnovers are:
- ICFC with a turnover of 326,485,618.70 and an LTP (Last Traded Price) of 801.10.
- SBI with a turnover of 216,232,472.00 and an LTP of 494.00.
- CHDC with a turnover of 188,677,735.70 and an LTP of 1,734.90.
- NFS with a turnover of 182,005,613.00 and an LTP of 1,407.00.
- SFCL with a turnover of 181,240,330.20 and an LTP of 822.30.
Other companies in the top turnover list include PHCL, JFL, SAHAS, GFCL, and KBL.
Top Volume
The companies with the highest shares traded volume include:
- KBLPO with 663,443 shares traded at an LTP of 100.00.
- SBCF with 449,278 shares traded at an LTP of 9.66.
- SBI with 434,249 shares traded at an LTP of 494.00.
- ICFC with 404,892 shares traded at an LTP of 801.10.
- KBL with 326,710 shares traded at an LTP of 228.00.
Other companies in the top volume list include KDBY, PRVU, HIDCLP, PHCL, and PCBL.
Top Transactions
The companies with the highest number of transactions include:
- ICFC with 1,756 transactions at an LTP of 801.10.
- JFL with 1,447 transactions at an LTP of 705.30.
- PHCL with 1,376 transactions at an LTP of 548.00.
- HRL with 1,292 transactions at an LTP of 854.70.
- SAHAS with 1,273 transactions at an LTP of 516.90.
Market Summary
Summary
Total Turnover: Rs: 4,732,487,864.93
Total Traded Shares: 11,134,178
Total Transactions: 56,646
Total Scrips Traded: 320
Total Market Capitalization: Rs: 4,165,133,814,926.9
Total Float Market Capitalization: Rs: 1,473,535,592,676.5
Top Turnover
| Symbol | Turnover | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| ICFC | 326,485,618.70 | 801.10 |
| SBI | 216,232,472.00 | 494.00 |
| CHDC | 188,677,735.70 | 1,734.90 |
| NFS | 182,005,613.00 | 1,407.00 |
| SFCL | 181,240,330.20 | 822.30 |
| PHCL | 139,150,546.00 | 548.00 |
| JFL | 132,571,996.00 | 705.30 |
| SAHAS | 118,468,229.20 | 516.90 |
| GFCL | 83,964,920.90 | 999.10 |
| KBL | 74,382,044.20 | 228.00 |
Top Volume
| Symbol | Shares Traded | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| KBLPO | 663,443 | 100.00 |
| SBCF | 449,278 | 9.66 |
| SBI | 434,249 | 494.00 |
| ICFC | 404,892 | 801.10 |
| KBL | 326,710 | 228.00 |
| KDBY | 315,056 | 9.71 |
| PRVU | 280,328 | 237.20 |
| HIDCLP | 275,308 | 180.50 |
| PHCL | 274,133 | 548.00 |
| PCBL | 251,590 | 277.90 |
Top Transactions
| Symbol | No. of Transactions | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| ICFC | 1,756 | 801.10 |
| JFL | 1,447 | 705.30 |
| PHCL | 1,376 | 548.00 |
| HRL | 1,292 | 854.70 |
| SAHAS | 1,273 | 516.90 |
| SFCL | 1,153 | 822.30 |
| SBI | 1,137 | 494.00 |
| NFS | 1,092 | 1,407.00 |
| KBL | 916 | 228.00 |
| PCBL | 873 | 277.90 |
Top Gainers and Losers
Top Gainers
| Symbol | LTP | Pt. Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| LICN | 1,212.00 | +110.15 | +10.00% |
| RFPL | 574.20 | +52.20 | +10.00% |
| MKHL | 545.60 | +49.60 | +10.00% |
| SFCL | 822.30 | +74.70 | +9.99% |
| KDL | 1,124.00 | +100.00 | +9.77% |
| PHCL | 548.00 | +40.00 | +7.87% |
| MAKAR | 538.00 | +37.00 | +7.39% |
| NFS | 1,407.00 | +88.10 | +6.68% |
| JFL | 705.30 | +39.30 | +5.90% |
| DOLTI | 557.10 | +28.10 | +5.31% |
SOURCE CODE 1
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<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Market Summary</title>
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* {
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padding: 0;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
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.section-title::before {
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margin-right: 10px;
font-size: 22px;
}
.summary-item, .data-table th, .data-table td {
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</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Market Summary</h1>
<div class="market-summary">
<div class="section-title">Summary</div>
<div class="summary-item">Total Turnover: <span class="summary-value">Rs: 4,732,487,864.93</span></div>
<div class="summary-item">Total Traded Shares: <span class="summary-value">11,134,178</span></div>
<div class="summary-item">Total Transactions: <span class="summary-value">56,646</span></div>
<div class="summary-item">Total Scrips Traded: <span class="summary-value">320</span></div>
<div class="summary-item">Total Market Capitalization: <span class="summary-value">Rs: 4,165,133,814,926.9</span></div>
<div class="summary-item">Total Float Market Capitalization: <span class="summary-value">Rs: 1,473,535,592,676.5</span></div>
<div class="section-title">Top Turnover</div>
<table class="data-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Symbol</th>
<th>Turnover</th>
<th>LTP</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>ICFC</td><td>326,485,618.70</td><td>801.10</td></tr>
<tr><td>SBI</td><td>216,232,472.00</td><td>494.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>CHDC</td><td>188,677,735.70</td><td>1,734.90</td></tr>
<tr><td>NFS</td><td>182,005,613.00</td><td>1,407.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>SFCL</td><td>181,240,330.20</td><td>822.30</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHCL</td><td>139,150,546.00</td><td>548.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>JFL</td><td>132,571,996.00</td><td>705.30</td></tr>
<tr><td>SAHAS</td><td>118,468,229.20</td><td>516.90</td></tr>
<tr><td>GFCL</td><td>83,964,920.90</td><td>999.10</td></tr>
<tr><td>KBL</td><td>74,382,044.20</td><td>228.00</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="section-title">Top Volume</div>
<table class="data-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Symbol</th>
<th>Shares Traded</th>
<th>LTP</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>KBLPO</td><td>663,443</td><td>100.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>SBCF</td><td>449,278</td><td>9.66</td></tr>
<tr><td>SBI</td><td>434,249</td><td>494.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>ICFC</td><td>404,892</td><td>801.10</td></tr>
<tr><td>KBL</td><td>326,710</td><td>228.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>KDBY</td><td>315,056</td><td>9.71</td></tr>
<tr><td>PRVU</td><td>280,328</td><td>237.20</td></tr>
<tr><td>HIDCLP</td><td>275,308</td><td>180.50</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHCL</td><td>274,133</td><td>548.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>PCBL</td><td>251,590</td><td>277.90</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="section-title">Top Transactions</div>
<table class="data-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Symbol</th>
<th>No. of Transactions</th>
<th>LTP</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>ICFC</td><td>1,756</td><td>801.10</td></tr>
<tr><td>JFL</td><td>1,447</td><td>705.30</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHCL</td><td>1,376</td><td>548.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>HRL</td><td>1,292</td><td>854.70</td></tr>
<tr><td>SAHAS</td><td>1,273</td><td>516.90</td></tr>
<tr><td>SFCL</td><td>1,153</td><td>822.30</td></tr>
<tr><td>SBI</td><td>1,137</td><td>494.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>NFS</td><td>1,092</td><td>1,407.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>KBL</td><td>916</td><td>228.00</td></tr>
<tr><td>PCBL</td><td>873</td><td>277.90</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
SOURCE CODE 2
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Market Summary - Top Gainers and Losers</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f0f2f5;
color: #333;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
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flex-direction: column;
margin: 0;
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.title {
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font-weight: bold;
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tr:hover {
background-color: #f9fbfd;
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.green { color: green; }
.red { color: red; }
</style>
<script>
function showSection(sectionId) {
document.getElementById('gainers-section').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('losers-section').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById(sectionId).style.display = 'block';
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="title">Top Gainers and Losers</div>
<!-- Buttons to toggle between Gainers and Losers -->
<div style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<button class="toggle-btn" onclick="showSection('gainers-section')">Top Gainers</button>
<button class="toggle-btn" onclick="showSection('losers-section')">Top Losers</button>
</div>
<!-- Top Gainers Section -->
<div class="section" id="gainers-section">
<div class="section-title">Top Gainers</div>
<table>
<tr><th>Symbol</th><th>LTP</th><th>Pt. Change</th><th>% Change</th></tr>
<tr><td>LICN</td><td>1,212.00</td><td class="green">+110.15</td><td class="green">+10.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>RFPL</td><td>574.20</td><td class="green">+52.20</td><td class="green">+10.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>MKHL</td><td>545.60</td><td class="green">+49.60</td><td class="green">+10.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>SFCL</td><td>822.30</td><td class="green">+74.70</td><td class="green">+9.99%</td></tr>
<tr><td>KDL</td><td>1,124.00</td><td class="green">+100.00</td><td class="green">+9.77%</td></tr>
<tr><td>PHCL</td><td>548.00</td><td class="green">+40.00</td><td class="green">+7.87%</td></tr>
<tr><td>MAKAR</td><td>538.00</td><td class="green">+37.00</td><td class="green">+7.39%</td></tr>
<tr><td>NFS</td><td>1,407.00</td><td class="green">+88.10</td><td class="green">+6.68%</td></tr>
<tr><td>JFL</td><td>705.30</td><td class="green">+39.30</td><td class="green">+5.90%</td></tr>
<tr><td>DOLTI</td><td>557.10</td><td class="green">+28.10</td><td class="green">+5.31%</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<!-- Top Losers Section -->
<div class="section" id="losers-section" style="display: none;">
<div class="section-title">Top Losers</div>
<table>
<tr><th>Symbol</th><th>LTP</th><th>Pt. Change</th><th>% Change</th></tr>
<tr><td>SBI</td><td>494.00</td><td class="red">-36.00</td><td class="red">-6.79%</td></tr>
<tr><td>PCBL</td><td>277.90</td><td class="red">-12.10</td><td class="red">-4.17%</td></tr>
<tr><td>RAWA</td><td>767.00</td><td class="red">-32.20</td><td class="red">-4.03%</td></tr>
<tr><td>ICFC</td><td>801.10</td><td class="red">-31.90</td><td class="red">-3.83%</td></tr>
<tr><td>JBBD87</td><td>1,032.70</td><td class="red">-39.30</td><td class="red">-3.67%</td></tr>
<tr><td>KSBBLD87</td><td>1,055.00</td><td class="red">-38.40</td><td class="red">-3.51%</td></tr>
<tr><td>SAEF</td><td>10.90</td><td class="red">-0.38</td><td class="red">-3.37%</td></tr>
<tr><td>SMFBS</td><td>1,515.00</td><td class="red">-49.00</td><td class="red">-3.13%</td></tr>
<tr><td>H8020</td><td>9.70</td><td class="red">-0.30</td><td class="red">-3.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>MHCL</td><td>413.00</td><td class="red">-12.00</td><td class="red">-2.82%</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
DOWNLOAD SOURCE CODE
SUBSCRIPTION FORM HTML CSS AN JAVASCRIPT
Email List Management: Store and manage a list of subscribed emails locally.
Success Feedback with Email Display: Show the email of the user who subscribed in the success message.
Improved Validation: Check for duplicate subscriptions within the modal’s lifecycle.
Optional Name Input: Allow users to enter their name along with their email.
Animations: Add more animations to the success message.
Dark Mode Toggle: Allow users to switch between light and dark modes
.Accessibility Improvements: Ensure the modal is accessible to keyboard users.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Subscription Modal with Emojis and Graphics</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f4f4f4;
margin: 0;
padding: 20px;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
}
#openModal {
padding: 10px 20px;
font-size: 16px;
cursor: pointer;
background-color: #007BFF;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
transition: background-color 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;
}
#openModal:hover {
background-color: #0056b3;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.8), 0 0 30px rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.6);
}
.modal {
display: none;
position: fixed;
z-index: 1;
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
overflow: auto;
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
animation: fadeIn 0.5s;
}
@keyframes fadeIn {
from { opacity: 0; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
.modal-content {
background-color: #fefefe;
margin: 15% auto;
padding: 20px;
border: 1px solid #888;
width: 300px;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
animation: slideIn 0.5s;
transition: background-color 0.3s;
}
@keyframes slideIn {
from { transform: translateY(-50px); opacity: 0; }
to { transform: translateY(0); opacity: 1; }
}
.close-button {
color: #aaa;
float: right;
font-size: 28px;
font-weight: bold;
cursor: pointer;
}
.close-button:hover {
color: black;
}
.modal-header {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.modal-header img {
width: 100%;
border-radius: 8px;
}
form {
margin-top: 15px;
}
input[type="email"] {
padding: 10px;
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COMMERCIAL BANK IN NEPAL WITH PAID UP CAPITAL
INTRODUCTION
Global IME Bank Limited (GBIME) leads the sector with the highest paid-up capital, totaling Rs. 36.13 Arba. Following closely is Nepal Investment Mega Bank Limited (NIMB), which boasts a paid-up capital of Rs. 34.13 Arba. Nabil Bank Limited (NABIL) ranks third with a paid-up capital of Rs. 27.06 Arba. In contrast, Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Limited (SCB) has the lowest paid-up capital among the banks, standing at Rs. 9.43 Arba.
Commercial Banks in Nepal
| S. No. | Commercial Banks | Symbol | Capital (Rs in Arba) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Global IME Bank Limited | GBIME | 36.13 | |
| 2 | Nepal Investment Mega Bank Limited | NIMB | 34.13 | |
| 3 | Nabil Bank Limited | NABIL | 27.06 | |
| 4 | Kumari Bank Limited | KBL | 26.23 | Above Average |
| 5 | Prabhu Bank Limited | PRVU | 23.54 | |
| 6 | Laxmi Sunrise Bank Limited | LSL | 23.19 | |
| 7 | Himalayan Bank Limited | HBL | 21.66 | |
| 8 | Prime Commercial Bank Limited | PCBL | 19.40 | |
| 9 | Agricultural Development Bank Limited | ADBL | 18.88 | |
| 10 | NMB Bank Limited | NMB | 18.37 | |
| 11 | Rastriya Banijya Bank Limited | RBBL | 15.64 | |
| 12 | NIC Asia Bank Limited | NICA | 14.92 | |
| 13 | Nepal Bank Limited | NBL | 14.69 | |
| 14 | Citizens Bank International Limited | CZBIL | 14.20 | Below Average |
| 15 | Siddhartha Bank Limited | SBL | 14.09 | |
| 16 | Sanima Bank Limited | SANIMA | 13.58 | |
| 17 | Everest Bank Limited | EBL | 12.94 | |
| 18 | Machhapuchchhre Bank Limited | MBL | 11.62 | |
| 19 | Nepal SBI Bank Limited | SBI | 10.50 | |
| 20 | Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Limited | SCB | 9.43 | |
| Total | 380.19 | |||
| Average | 19.01 | |||
SOURCE CODE
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<body>
<h1>Commercial Banks in Nepal</h1>
<table id="banksTable">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>S. No.</th>
<th>Commercial Banks</th>
<th>Symbol</th>
<th>Capital (Rs in Arba)</th>
<th>Remarks</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>Global IME Bank Limited</td><td>GBIME</td><td>36.13</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>2</td><td>Nepal Investment Mega Bank Limited</td><td>NIMB</td><td>34.13</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>3</td><td>Nabil Bank Limited</td><td>NABIL</td><td>27.06</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>Kumari Bank Limited</td><td>KBL</td><td>26.23</td><td>Above Average</td></tr>
<tr><td>5</td><td>Prabhu Bank Limited</td><td>PRVU</td><td>23.54</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>6</td><td>Laxmi Sunrise Bank Limited</td><td>LSL</td><td>23.19</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>7</td><td>Himalayan Bank Limited</td><td>HBL</td><td>21.66</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>8</td><td>Prime Commercial Bank Limited</td><td>PCBL</td><td>19.40</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>9</td><td>Agricultural Development Bank Limited</td><td>ADBL</td><td>18.88</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>10</td><td>NMB Bank Limited</td><td>NMB</td><td>18.37</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>11</td><td>Rastriya Banijya Bank Limited</td><td>RBBL</td><td>15.64</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>12</td><td>NIC Asia Bank Limited</td><td>NICA</td><td>14.92</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>13</td><td>Nepal Bank Limited</td><td>NBL</td><td>14.69</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>14</td><td>Citizens Bank International Limited</td><td>CZBIL</td><td>14.20</td><td>Below Average</td></tr>
<tr><td>15</td><td>Siddhartha Bank Limited</td><td>SBL</td><td>14.09</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>16</td><td>Sanima Bank Limited</td><td>SANIMA</td><td>13.58</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>17</td><td>Everest Bank Limited</td><td>EBL</td><td>12.94</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>18</td><td>Machhapuchchhre Bank Limited</td><td>MBL</td><td>11.62</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>19</td><td>Nepal SBI Bank Limited</td><td>SBI</td><td>10.50</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>20</td><td>Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Limited</td><td>SCB</td><td>9.43</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><strong>Total</strong></td><td><strong>380.19</strong></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><strong>Average</strong></td><td><strong>19.01</strong></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody>
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COMMERCIAL BANK NET PROFITS Q1 2081/82
INTRODUCTION
The first-quarter financial reports for FY 2081/82 from all 20 commercial banks provide a comprehensive overview of their performance, offering insights into profitability, business volume, and key financial indicators. This analysis highlights trends across critical metrics like net profit, capital adequacy, and other important indicators.
Net Profit:
In Q1 FY 2081/82, Nabil Bank Limited (NABIL) led the sector with a net profit of Rs. 2.05 Arba, reflecting a significant 39.97% year-over-year increase. Global IME Bank Limited (GBIME) followed closely with a net profit of Rs. 1.51 Arba, marking a 23.36% increase from the previous year. Nepal Investment Mega Bank (NIMB) ranked third with Rs. 1.46 Arba in net profit.
Notably, Siddhartha Bank Limited (SBL) achieved the highest growth rate, with an impressive 791.46% surge, while NIC Asia Bank Limited (NICA) experienced the most substantial decline, falling by 89.06%.
Commercial Banks Profit Data
| S. No | Commercial Banks | Symbol | Capital (Rs in Arba) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Global IME Bank Limited | GBIME | 36.13 |
| 2 | Nepal Investment Mega Bank Limited | NIMB | 34.13 |
| 3 | Nabil Bank Limited | NABIL | 27.06 |
| 4 | Kumari Bank Limited | KBL | 26.23 |
| 5 | Prabhu Bank Limited | PRVU | 23.54 |
| 6 | Laxmi Sunrise Bank Limited | LSL | 23.19 |
| 7 | Himalayan Bank Limited | HBL | 21.66 |
| 8 | Prime Commercial Bank Limited | PCBL | 19.40 |
| 9 | Agricultural Development Bank Limited | ADBL | 18.88 |
| 10 | NMB Bank Limited | NMB | 18.37 |
| 11 | Rastriya Banijya Bank Limited | RBBL | 15.64 |
| 12 | NIC Asia Bank Limited | NICA | 14.92 |
| 13 | Nepal Bank Limited | NBL | 14.69 |
| 14 | Citizens Bank International Limited | CZBIL | 14.20 |
| 15 | Siddhartha Bank Limited | SBL | 14.09 |
| 16 | Sanima Bank Limited | SANIMA | 13.58 |
| 17 | Everest Bank Limited | EBL | 12.94 |
| 18 | Machhapuchchhre Bank Limited | MBL | 11.62 |
| 19 | Nepal SBI Bank Limited | SBI | 10.50 |
| 20 | Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Limited | SCB | 9.43 |
| Total | 380.19 | ||
| Average | 19.01 | ||
CHART
CHART I FRAME CODE
<iframe src="https://nepsealpha.com/nepse-chart?symbol=BANKING"
width="100%"
height="600"
style="border: none; overflow: hidden;"
allowfullscreen>
</iframe>
SOURCE CODE
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Commercial Banks Profit Data</title>
<style>
/* Global styles */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
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color: #f2f2f2;
display: flex;
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</style>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<th>S. No</th>
<th>Commercial Banks</th>
<th>Symbol</th>
<th>Net Profit (in Crores) Q1 81-82</th>
<th>Net Profit (in Crores) Q1 80-81</th>
<th>Growth (%)</th>
</tr>
<!-- Bank Data Rows -->
<tr><td>1</td><td>Siddhartha Bank</td><td>SBL</td><td>38.21</td><td>4.29</td><td class="highlight">791.46%</td></tr>
<tr><td>2</td><td>Laxmi Sunrise Bank</td><td>LSL</td><td>53.64</td><td>10.30</td><td class="highlight">420.53%</td></tr>
<tr><td>3</td><td>Nepal Bank</td><td>NBL</td><td>60.22</td><td>14.24</td><td class="highlight">322.98%</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>Kumari Bank</td><td>KBL</td><td>107.82</td><td>26.39</td><td class="highlight">308.51%</td></tr>
<tr><td>5</td><td>Nepal SBI Bank</td><td>SBI</td><td>81.47</td><td>47.92</td><td>70.01%</td></tr>
<tr><td>6</td><td>Everest Bank</td><td>EBL</td><td>112.77</td><td>78.08</td><td>44.44%</td></tr>
<tr><td>7</td><td>Nabil Bank</td><td>NABIL</td><td class="highlight">205.66</td><td>146.93</td><td>39.97%</td></tr>
<tr><td>8</td><td>Global IME Bank</td><td>GBIME</td><td>151.21</td><td>122.56</td><td>23.39%</td></tr>
<tr><td>9</td><td>NMB Bank</td><td>NMB</td><td>114.56</td><td>96.32</td><td>18.94%</td></tr>
<tr><td>10</td><td>Prime Commercial Bank</td><td>PCBL</td><td>128.68</td><td>115.15</td><td>11.75%</td></tr>
<tr><td>11</td><td>Standard Chartered Bank</td><td>SCB</td><td>86.22</td><td>82.77</td><td>4.17%</td></tr>
<tr><td>12</td><td>Prabhu Bank</td><td>PRVU</td><td>104.07</td><td>103.42</td><td>0.62%</td></tr>
<tr><td>13</td><td>Nepal Investment Mega Bank</td><td>NIMB</td><td>146.41</td><td>152.23</td><td class="decrease">-3.82%</td></tr>
<tr><td>14</td><td>Machhapuchchhre Bank</td><td>MBL</td><td>50.33</td><td>54.22</td><td class="decrease">-7.19%</td></tr>
<tr><td>15</td><td>Citizens Bank International</td><td>CZBIL</td><td>24.07</td><td>27.53</td><td class="decrease">-12.56%</td></tr>
<tr><td>16</td><td>Sanima Bank</td><td>SANIMA</td><td>39.95</td><td>48.98</td><td class="decrease">-18.45%</td></tr>
<tr><td>17</td><td>Himalayan Bank</td><td>HBL</td><td>72.64</td><td>85.92</td><td class="decrease">-15.48%</td></tr>
<tr><td>18</td><td>Rastriya Banijya Bank</td><td>RBBL</td><td>15.13</td><td>19.06</td><td class="decrease">-20.63%</td></tr>
<tr><td>19</td><td>NIC Asia Bank</td><td>NICA</td><td>11.05</td><td>101.04</td><td class="decrease">-89.06%</td></tr>
<tr><td>20</td><td>Agriculture Development Bank</td><td>ADBL</td><td>19.09</td><td>-88.81</td><td>-</td></tr>
<!-- Totals and Averages -->
<tr><td colspan="3" class="highlight">Total</td><td class="highlight">1623.18</td><td class="highlight">1334.48</td><td>21.63%</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3" class="highlight">Industry Average</td><td class="highlight">81.16</td><td class="highlight">66.72</td><td>-</td></tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
LARGEST COMPANIES IN OMAN
Introduction
Oman has a diverse and dynamic economy supported by several prominent companies across various sectors, including banking, telecommunications, and manufacturing. These companies not only play a crucial role in driving economic growth but also contribute significantly to the development of the country’s infrastructure and service
Largest Companies of Oman by Market Capitalization
Total Market Cap: $23.36 B
| Favorite | Company Name | Symbol | Market Cap | Price | Change | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bank Muscat | BKMB.OM | $5.14 B | $0.69 | 0.38% | Oman | |
| Sohar International Bank | BKSB.OM | $2.13 B | $0.38 | 0.00% | Oman | |
| Omantel (Oman Telecom) | OTEL.OM | $1.94 B | $2.59 | 0.20% | Oman | |
| OQ Gas Network Company | OQGN.OM | $1.58 B | $0.37 | 0.00% | Oman | |
| Bank Dhofar | BKDB.OM | $1.37 B | $0.46 | 4.76% | Oman | |
| National Bank of Oman | NBOB.OM | $1.26 B | $0.78 | 0.00% | Oman | |
| Ahlibank | ABOB.OM | $0.91 B | $0.39 | 0.00% | Oman | |
| HSBC Oman | HBMO.OM | $0.86 B | $0.43 | 0.00% | Oman | |
| Ominvest | OMVS.OM | $0.64 B | $0.97 | 0.27% | Oman | |
| Oman Arab Bank | OAB.OM | $0.64 B | $0.39 | 0.00% | Oman | |
| Bank Nizwa | BKNZ.OM | $0.61 B | $0.27 | 0.94% | Oman | |
| Oman Cables Industry | OCAI.OM | $0.60 B | $6.75 | 0.00% | Oman | |
| Abraj Energy Services | ABRJ.OM | $0.59 B | $0.77 | 0.34% | Oman | |
| Ooredoo Oman | ORDS.OM | $0.47 B | $0.73 | 1.08% | Oman | |
| Liva Group | LIVA.OM | $0.34 B | $0.86 | 0.00% | Oman | |
| Oman Cement Company | OCOI.OM | $0.32 B | $0.99 | 0.78% | Oman | |
| Sembcorp Salalah Power & Water Company | SSPW.OM | $0.28 B | $0.30 | 0.00% | Oman | |
| Muscat Stock Exchange | MSX.OM | $0.26 B | $0.17 | 0.00% | Oman |
1. Bank Muscat (BKMB.OM)
- Market Cap: $5.14 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.69 (0.38% change)
- Website: www.bankmuscat.com
- Contact Number: +968 24 757000
- Email: info@bankmuscat.com
- Established: 1982
- Description: Bank Muscat is the leading financial services provider in Oman, offering a wide range of banking and financial solutions, including retail, corporate, and investment banking services. The bank has a strong presence with numerous branches and ATMs across the country.
2. Sohar International Bank (BKSB.OM)
- Market Cap: $2.13 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.38 (0.00% change)
- Website: www.soharinternational.com
- Contact Number: +968 24 888888
- Email: contact@soharinternational.com
- Established: 1999
- Description: Sohar International Bank offers a comprehensive suite of banking products and services to both retail and corporate clients. The bank is known for its innovative solutions and customer-centric approach.
3. Omantel (OTEL.OM)
- Market Cap: $1.94 Billion
- Stock Price: $2.59 (0.20% change)
- Website: www.omantel.om
- Contact Number: +968 24 700700
- Email: customercare@omantel.om
- Established: 1996
- Description: Omantel is the leading telecommunications provider in Oman, delivering a wide range of services including mobile, fixed-line, and broadband services. The company is committed to expanding its network and enhancing customer experience.
4. OQ Gas Network Company (OQGN.OM)
- Market Cap: $1.58 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.37 (0.00% change)
- Website: www.oq.com
- Contact Number: +968 24 022900
- Email: info@oq.com
- Established: 2000
- Description: OQ Gas Network Company is a leading gas utility in Oman, providing reliable natural gas distribution services to various sectors including residential, commercial, and industrial customers.
5. Bank Dhofar (BKDB.OM)
- Market Cap: $1.37 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.46 (4.76% change)
- Website: www.bankdhofar.com
- Contact Number: +968 24 501500
- Email: info@bankdhofar.com
- Established: 1990
- Description: Bank Dhofar is one of the largest banks in Oman, offering a full range of banking services including personal, corporate, and Islamic banking. The bank emphasizes innovation and customer service.
6. National Bank of Oman (NBOB.OM)
- Market Cap: $1.26 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.78 (0.00% change)
- Website: www.nbo.om
- Contact Number: +968 24 480000
- Email: info@nbo.om
- Established: 1973
- Description: The National Bank of Oman provides a diverse range of banking services and products tailored to meet the needs of individual customers, businesses, and government entities. The bank is known for its strong financial performance and customer satisfaction.
7. Ahlibank (ABOB.OM)
- Market Cap: $0.91 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.39 (0.00% change)
- Website: www.ahlibank.com
- Contact Number: +968 24 575757
- Email: info@ahlibank.com
- Established: 1997
- Description: Ahlibank offers a variety of banking products and services, including personal and corporate banking solutions, investment products, and Islamic banking services. The bank focuses on innovative financial solutions.
8. HSBC Oman (HBMO.OM)
- Market Cap: $0.86 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.43 (0.00% change)
- Website: www.hsbc.om
- Contact Number: +968 24 757500
- Email: contactus@hsbc.om
- Established: 1948
- Description: HSBC Oman is part of the HSBC Group, providing a wide range of banking and financial services, including personal banking, wealth management, and corporate banking.
9. Ominvest (OMVS.OM)
- Market Cap: $0.64 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.97 (0.27% change)
- Website: www.ominvest.net
- Contact Number: +968 24 279400
- Email: info@ominvest.net
- Established: 1987
- Description: Ominvest is a diversified investment company that offers various financial products and services, including asset management, investment banking, and private equity.
10. Oman Arab Bank (OAB.OM)
- Market Cap: $0.64 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.39 (0.00% change)
- Website: www.oab.com.om
- Contact Number: +968 24 690000
- Email: info@oab.com.om
- Established: 1984
- Description: Oman Arab Bank provides a wide range of banking products and services, focusing on customer service and community involvement. The bank aims to meet the financial needs of its customers through innovative solutions.
11. Bank Nizwa (BKNZ.OM)
- Market Cap: $0.61 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.27 (0.94% change)
- Website: www.banknizwa.om
- Contact Number: +968 24 570000
- Email: info@banknizwa.om
- Established: 2012
- Description: Bank Nizwa is the first Islamic bank in Oman, offering Sharia-compliant banking products and services to individuals and businesses. The bank emphasizes ethical banking practices and community development.
12. Oman Cables Industry (OCAI.OM)
- Market Cap: $0.60 Billion
- Stock Price: $6.75 (0.00% change)
- Website: www.oman-cables.com
- Contact Number: +968 24 722222
- Email: info@oman-cables.com
- Established: 1984
- Description: Oman Cables Industry is a leading manufacturer of electrical cables and related products. The company serves various sectors, including construction, telecommunications, and energy.
13. Abraj Energy Services (ABRJ.OM)
- Market Cap: $0.59 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.77 (0.34% change)
- Website: www.abraj.com
- Contact Number: +968 24 553300
- Email: info@abraj.com
- Established: 2005
- Description: Abraj Energy Services provides integrated oilfield services to the oil and gas industry in Oman, focusing on enhancing operational efficiency and safety.
14. Ooredoo Oman (ORDS.OM)
- Market Cap: $0.47 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.73 (1.08% change)
- Website: www.ooredoo.om
- Contact Number: +968 24 120120
- Email: customercare@ooredoo.om
- Established: 2004
- Description: Ooredoo Oman is a leading telecommunications provider, offering mobile, fixed-line, and internet services. The company is committed to providing high-quality connectivity and digital services to its customers.
15. Liva Group (LIVA.OM)
- Market Cap: $0.34 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.86 (0.00% change)
- Website: www.livagroup.com
- Contact Number: +968 24 754500
- Email: info@livagroup.com
- Established: 1999
- Description: Liva Group is involved in various sectors including manufacturing, trading, and logistics. The company focuses on providing high-quality products and services.
16. Oman Cement Company (OCOI.OM)
- Market Cap: $0.32 Billion
- Stock Price: $0.53 (0.00% change)
- Website: www.omancement.com
- Contact Number: +968 24 786900
- Email: info@omancement.com
- Established: 1983
- Description: Oman Cement Company is one of the leading manufacturers of cement and related products in the region. The company is known for its commitment to quality and sustainability.
INDIA FERTILITY RATE FROM 1955 TO 2024
Introduction
The fertility rate is a crucial demographic indicator that reflects the average number of children born to a woman over her lifetime. Understanding trends in fertility rates is essential for grasping population dynamics, economic development, and social changes. This analysis examines the fertility rates from 1955 to 2024, illustrating the decline in fertility rates and its implications for society.
Fertility Rate in India
Analysis
The fertility rate has experienced a significant decline from 5.91 children per woman in 1955 to 1.96 children per woman in 2024. This sharp decrease indicates profound changes in societal norms, family planning, and reproductive health.
- Stable High Fertility (1955-1975):
- Fertility rates during this period remained relatively high, fluctuating slightly but generally staying around 5.91 to 5.20 children per woman. This trend can be attributed to traditional family structures, limited access to contraception, and lower levels of women’s education and workforce participation.
- Beginning of Decline (1975-2000):
- A noticeable decline began in 1975, with rates dropping from 5.20 to 3.35 by 2000. Factors contributing to this decline include increased access to education for women, improved healthcare, and the availability of family planning methods.
- Rapid Decrease in Fertility (2000-2024):
- The most significant decline occurred from 2000 onward, with fertility rates falling from 3.35 to 1.96 by 2024. This period reflects greater societal shifts, including urbanization, changing attitudes towards family size, and economic pressures. Many couples are choosing to have fewer children due to career considerations and the high costs of raising children.
Conclusion
The decline in fertility rates from 1955 to 2024 illustrates a profound transformation in societal attitudes towards family size and childbearing. As societies modernize, the trend toward lower fertility rates raises important considerations for future population growth, labor force sustainability, and social support systems. Policymakers must address the implications of these demographic shifts to ensure a balanced and prosperous society, with attention to both the challenges of an aging population and the needs of future generations.
INDIA AND URBAN POPULATION GROWTH FROM 1955 TO 2024
Introduction
Urbanization is a key demographic trend affecting societies worldwide, reflecting changes in living conditions, economic opportunities, and lifestyle preferences. This analysis examines the urban population percentages in a given region from 1955 to 2024, highlighting the steady growth in urbanization over the decades and its implications for societal development.
Urban Population Growth in India
Analysis
From 1955 to 2024, the urban population percentage has shown a significant upward trend, rising from 18.6% in 1955 to 36.6% in 2024. This increase illustrates a more than 100% growth in urbanization over nearly seven decades.
- Early Growth (1955-1975):
- Urbanization started slowly, with only a slight increase from 18.6% to 21.7%. This period reflects a predominantly rural society, where agriculture played a central role in the economy.
- Acceleration of Urbanization (1975-2000):
- The urban population saw a marked increase from 21.7% in 1975 to 27.5% by the year 2000. This period coincided with industrialization, improved infrastructure, and the migration of people to cities in search of better employment opportunities.
- Rapid Urban Growth (2000-2024):
- The most significant growth occurred from 2000 onwards, with the urban population percentage increasing from 27.5% to 36.6% by 2024. This growth can be attributed to urban development, globalization, and the increasing allure of city life, offering more amenities, services, and job prospects.
Conclusion
The upward trajectory of urban population percentages from 1955 to 2024 reflects broader societal transformations influenced by economic, social, and technological factors. As cities continue to expand, it is crucial for policymakers to address the challenges associated with urbanization, such as infrastructure development, housing, transportation, and sustainability. This historical data underscores the importance of strategic planning to ensure that urban growth benefits all members of society.
LARGEST COMPANIES IN ICELAND
Iceland, known for its unique geography and rich natural resources, hosts a diverse range of companies spanning various sectors, including biotechnology, seafood, banking, and technology. This overview presents notable companies in Iceland, focusing on their market capitalization, stock prices, and a brief insight into their operations.
Companies List
| Favorite | Company Name | Stock Symbol | Market Cap | Current Price | 30-Day Change | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alvotech | ALVO | $3.94 B | $13.08 | 0.23% | Iceland | |
| Marel | MAREL.AS | $3.14 B | $4.17 | 0.26% | Iceland | |
| Embla Medical | EMBLA.CO | $2.20 B | $5.07 | 0.57% | Iceland | |
| Íslandsbanki | ISB.IC | $1.73 B | $0.91 | 2.89% | Iceland | |
| Arion banki | ARION.IC | $1.60 B | $1.13 | 0.00% | Iceland | |
| Sildarvinnslan | SVN.IC | $1.24 B | $0.67 | 0.00% | Iceland | |
| Brim hf. | BRIM.IC | $1.04 B | $0.54 | 0.27% | Iceland | |
| Hagar hf. | HAGA.IC | $0.73 B | $0.68 | 0.53% | Iceland | |
| Kvika banki | KVIKA.IC | $0.64 B | $0.14 | 0.53% | Iceland | |
| Festi hf. | FESTI.IC | $0.51 B | $1.69 | 0.00% | Iceland | |
| Hampiðjan | HAMP.IC | $0.51 B | $0.81 | 0.90% | Iceland | |
| Sjóvá-Almennar tryggingar | SJOVA.IC | $0.51 B | $0.33 | 0.89% | Iceland | |
| Reitir fasteignafélag | REITIR.IC | $0.50 B | $0.70 | 0.00% | Iceland | |
| Reginn | REGINN.IC | $0.47 B | $0.17 | 0.00% | Iceland | |
| Eimskipafélag Íslands | EIM.IC | $0.41 B | $2.52 | 0.00% | Iceland | |
| Ölgerðin Egill Skallagrímsson | OLGERD.IC | $0.36 B | $0.13 | 0.00% | Iceland | |
| Gilding | GILD.IC | $0.36 B | $1.20 | 0.00% | Iceland | |
| Skeljungur | SKEL.IC | $0.32 B | $0.66 | 0.00% | Iceland | |
| Sjóvá | SJOVA.IC | $0.31 B | $0.29 | 0.00% | Iceland | |
| VÍS | VIS.IC | $0.30 B | $0.16 | 0.00% | Iceland | |
| Össur | OSSUR.IC | $0.29 B | $0.16 | 0.00% | Iceland |
1. Alvotech (ALVO)
- Market Cap: $3.94 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $13.08
- Price Change: 0.23%
- Description: Alvotech specializes in developing and manufacturing biosimilars, a cost-effective alternative to biologic drugs. The company aims to enhance access to high-quality medicines and is a leader in biotechnology innovation in Iceland.
2. Marel (MAREL.AS)
- Market Cap: $3.14 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $4.17
- Price Change: 0.26%
- Description: Marel is a global leader in food processing technology. The company develops advanced equipment and software solutions to improve the efficiency of food processing operations, focusing on meat, poultry, and fish industries.
3. Embla Medical (EMBLA.CO)
- Market Cap: $2.20 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $5.07
- Price Change: 0.57%
- Description: Embla Medical specializes in innovative medical devices and solutions for respiratory care and sleep diagnostics. The company’s commitment to improving patient outcomes drives its research and development efforts.
4. Íslandsbanki (ISB.IC)
- Market Cap: $1.73 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.91
- Price Change: 2.89%
- Description: Íslandsbanki is one of Iceland’s leading financial institutions, providing a wide range of banking services, including retail banking, corporate banking, and asset management. The bank emphasizes sustainable financing and innovation.
5. Arion Banki (ARION.IC)
- Market Cap: $1.60 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $1.13
- Price Change: 0.00%
- Description: Arion Banki is a full-service bank offering various financial products and services. The bank focuses on providing excellent customer service and contributing to economic growth through responsible lending.
6. Sildarvinnslan (SVN.IC)
- Market Cap: $1.24 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.67
- Price Change: 0.00%
- Description: Sildarvinnslan is a seafood processing company known for producing high-quality fish products. The company emphasizes sustainability and quality in its fishing and processing operations.
7. Brim hf. (BRIM.IC)
- Market Cap: $1.04 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.54
- Price Change: 0.27%
- Description: Brim hf. is another key player in Iceland’s fishing industry, engaged in fishing, processing, and marketing seafood products. The company is committed to sustainable fishing practices.
8. Hagar hf. (HAGA.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.73 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.68
- Price Change: 0.53%
- Description: Hagar hf. operates in the retail sector, offering a diverse range of products, including groceries and consumer goods. The company aims to provide quality products at competitive prices.
9. Kvika Banki (KVIKA.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.64 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.14
- Price Change: 0.53%
- Description: Kvika Banki focuses on investment banking, asset management, and private banking services. The bank aims to support its clients’ financial growth through personalized services and expert advice.
10. Festi hf. (FESTI.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.51 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $1.69
- Price Change: 0.00%
- Description: Festi hf. is a leading retail company in Iceland, operating various supermarket chains. The company emphasizes customer satisfaction and community engagement through responsible business practices.
11. Hampiðjan (HAMP.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.51 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.81
- Price Change: 0.90%
- Description: Hampiðjan is a supplier of ropes and nets, primarily serving the fishing and shipping industries. The company is recognized for its innovation and commitment to quality in its product offerings.
12. Sjóvá-Almennar tryggingar (SJOVA.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.51 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.33
- Price Change: 0.89%
- Description: Sjóvá-Almennar tryggingar provides a variety of insurance products, including property, travel, and auto insurance. The company aims to deliver reliable protection and peace of mind to its customers.
13. Reitir Fasteignafélag (REITIR.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.50 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.70
- Price Change: 0.00%
- Description: Reitir Fasteignafélag specializes in real estate investments, focusing on developing and managing commercial properties. The company is committed to enhancing property value through effective management.
14. Reginn (REGINN.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.47 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.17
- Price Change: 0.00%
- Description: Reginn is involved in the real estate sector, with a portfolio of properties primarily in the retail and office segments. The company aims to create value for its investors through strategic property management.
15. Eimskipafélag Íslands (EIM.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.41 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $2.52
- Price Change: 0.00%
- Description: Eimskipafélag Íslands is a shipping and logistics company that offers transportation solutions for goods. The company is recognized for its reliable service and extensive network.
16. Ölgerðin Egill Skallagrímsson (OLGERD.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.36 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.13
- Price Change: 0.00%
- Description: Ölgerðin is a prominent beverage company in Iceland, known for producing soft drinks, beer, and other beverages. The company emphasizes quality and sustainability in its production processes.
17. Arnarlax (ISLAX.OL)
- Market Cap: $0.34 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $10.67
- Price Change: 2.50%
- Description: Arnarlax is an aquaculture company specializing in the farming of salmon. The company is dedicated to sustainable practices and providing high-quality seafood products.
18. Eik Fasteignafélag (EIK.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.34 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.10
- Price Change: 0.00%
- Description: Eik Fasteignafélag invests in and manages residential and commercial real estate properties. The company focuses on enhancing property value and delivering strong returns for investors.
19. Ice Fish Farm (IFISH.OL)
- Market Cap: $0.32 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $2.64
- Price Change: 0.00%
- Description: Ice Fish Farm is involved in sustainable fish farming, focusing on producing high-quality seafood while minimizing environmental impact. The company is dedicated to responsible aquaculture practices.
20. Icelandair (ICEAIR.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.31 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.007531
- Price Change: 2.82%
- Description: Icelandair is the national airline of Iceland, providing passenger and cargo transportation services. The company is committed to connecting Iceland to international destinations and promoting tourism.
21. Skel Fjárfestingafélag (SKEL.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.24 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.13
- Price Change: 1.10%
- Description: Skel Fjárfestingafélag is an investment company focused on strategic investments in various sectors. The company aims to maximize returns through diligent portfolio management.
22. Vátryggingafélag Íslands (VIS.IC)
- Market Cap: $0.21 Billion
- Stock Price (30 days): $0.11
- Price Change: 0.00%
- Description: Vátryggingafélag Íslands provides a range of insurance products and services, focusing on customer satisfaction and reliability in risk management.
Conclusion
Iceland’s business landscape is diverse and dynamic, with companies operating across various sectors. The combination of established industries with innovative startups reflects the country’s adaptability and commitment to sustainable practices. As these companies continue to evolve and expand, they are likely to contribute significantly to Iceland’s economic development and global standing.
LARGEST CITIES BY POPULATION IN INDIA
India’s cities reflect a rich tapestry of culture, economy, and diversity, with Mumbai leading in population at 12.69 million, serving as the financial and entertainment capital of the country. Delhi, the national capital, follows closely with 10.93 million residents and is known for its historical significance and bustling political landscape. Bengaluru, with 8.44 million people, is the tech hub, often referred to as the “Silicon Valley of India.”
Hyderabad, home to 6.81 million, blends historical heritage with a thriving IT industry, while Ahmedabad, with 6.36 million, is recognized for its rich textile heritage and rapid economic growth. Chennai, at 4.68 million, is a cultural and industrial hub in South India, whereas Kolkata, with 4.63 million, is famed for its colonial architecture and vibrant arts scene.
Surat, with a population of 4.59 million, is a major diamond processing center, while Pune, at 3.12 million, is known for its educational institutions and growing IT sector. Kanpur, with 2.82 million, has a strong industrial base, particularly in leather and textiles. Jaipur, the Pink City, is renowned for its historical forts and tourism, while Navi Mumbai, with 2.6 million, is a planned satellite city catering to the overflow from Mumbai.
Lucknow (2.47 million) is celebrated for its rich cultural heritage, while Nagpur (2.23 million) is known as the Orange City and serves as a major logistical hub. Coimbatore (2.14 million) is an industrial center, particularly for textiles and engineering, while Indore (1.84 million) is recognized for its vibrant food culture.
Vadodara (1.82 million) has a strong industrial presence, and Kallakurichi (1.68 million) is emerging as an educational center. Patna (1.6 million) is steeped in history and serves as the capital of Bihar, while Bhopal (1.6 million) is known for its lakes and green spaces. Ludhiana (1.55 million) is a major industrial city in Punjab, while Madurai (1.47 million) is famous for its temples.
The list continues with cities like Agra, known for the Taj Mahal, and Rajkot, which is a hub for small-scale industries. Each city brings its unique contributions, culture, and characteristics, painting a diverse portrait of urban life across India.
🏙️ Indian Cities by Population 🏙️
| # | City Name | Population |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mumbai | 12,691,836 |
| 2 | Delhi | 10,927,986 |
| 3 | Bengaluru | 8,443,675 |
| 4 | Hyderabad | 6,809,970 |
| 5 | Ahmedabad | 6,357,693 |
| 6 | Chennai | 4,681,087 |
| 7 | Kolkata | 4,631,392 |
| 8 | Surat | 4,591,246 |
| 9 | Pune | 3,124,458 |
| 10 | Kanpur | 2,823,249 |
| 11 | Jaipur | 2,711,758 |
| 12 | Navi Mumbai | 2,600,000 |
| 13 | Lucknow | 2,472,011 |
| 14 | Nagpur | 2,228,018 |
| 15 | Coimbatore | 2,136,916 |
| 16 | Indore | 1,837,041 |
| 17 | Vadodara | 1,822,221 |
| 18 | Kallakurichi | 1,682,687 |
| 19 | Patna | 1,599,920 |
| 20 | Bhopal | 1,599,914 |
| 21 | Ludhiana | 1,545,368 |
| 22 | Madurai | 1,465,625 |
| 23 | Tirunelveli | 1,435,844 |
| 24 | Agra | 1,430,055 |
| 25 | Rajkot | 1,390,640 |
| 26 | Najafgarh | 1,365,000 |
| 27 | Jamshedpur | 1,339,438 |
| 28 | Gorakhpur | 1,324,570 |
| 29 | Nashik | 1,289,497 |
| 30 | Pimpri | 1,284,606 |
| 31 | Kalyan | 1,262,255 |
| 32 | Thane | 1,261,517 |
| 33 | Meerut | 1,223,184 |
| 34 | Nowrangapur | 1,220,946 |
| 35 | Faridabad | 1,220,229 |
| 36 | Ghaziabad | 1,199,191 |
| 37 | Dhanbad | 1,196,214 |
| 38 | Dombivli | 1,193,000 |
| 39 | Varanasi | 1,164,404 |
| 40 | Ranchi | 1,120,374 |
| 41 | Amritsar | 1,092,450 |
| 42 | Prayagraj | 1,073,438 |
| 43 | Visakhapatnam | 1,063,178 |
| 44 | Teni | 1,034,724 |
| 45 | Jabalpur | 1,030,168 |
| 46 | Haora | 1,027,672 |
| 47 | Tiruchirappalli | 1,022,518 |
| 48 | Sambhaji Nagar | 1,016,441 |
| 49 | Shivaji Nagar | 1,000,000 |
| 50 | Sholapur | 997,281 |
| 51 | Srinagar | 975,857 |
| 52 | Tiruppur | 963,173 |
| 53 | Chandigarh | 960,787 |
| 54 | Jodhpur | 921,476 |
| 55 | Salem | 917,414 |
| 56 | Guwahati | 899,094 |
| 57 | Gwalior | 882,458 |
| 58 | Vijayawada | 874,587 |
| 59 | Bhiwandi | 874,032 |
| 60 | Mysore | 868,313 |
| 61 | Rohini | 860,000 |
| 62 | Kanayannur | 851,406 |
| 63 | Hubli | 840,214 |
| 64 | Bhubaneswar | 837,000 |
| 65 | Narela | 800,000 |
| 66 | Jalandhar | 785,178 |
| 67 | Thiruvananthapuram | 784,153 |
| 68 | Kota | 763,088 |
| 69 | Aligarh | 753,207 |
| 70 | Bareilly | 745,435 |
1. Mumbai
- Location: Maharashtra, West Coast of India
- Features: Financial capital, Bollywood hub, diverse culture, and major port city.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 65%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Maharashtrians, Gujaratis, North Indians, and South Indians.
- Leader: Chief Minister of Maharashtra.
- Major Imports: Machinery, electronics, and petroleum products.
- Major Exports: Textiles, diamonds, and chemicals.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 89.1%
- Population Growth Rate: ~1.1% annually.
2. Delhi
- Location: Northern India
- Features: National capital, rich history, diverse architecture, and major political center.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 82%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Punjabis, Biharis, and migrants from various states.
- Leader: Chief Minister of Delhi.
- Major Imports: Electronics, machinery, and precious metals.
- Major Exports: Textiles, machinery, and handicrafts.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 87.7%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.0% annually.
3. Bengaluru
- Location: Karnataka, Southern India
- Features: Tech hub (Silicon Valley of India), vibrant startup culture, and pleasant climate.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 85%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Kannadigas, Tamils, and North Indians.
- Leader: Chief Minister of Karnataka.
- Major Imports: Electronics and machinery.
- Major Exports: IT services and software products.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 89.5%
- Population Growth Rate: ~3.6% annually.
4. Hyderabad
- Location: Telangana, Southern India
- Features: Blend of history and modernity, famous for its cuisine, and IT industries.
- Major Religion: Islam (approximately 43%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Telugu, Urdu-speaking communities, and others.
- Leader: Chief Minister of Telangana.
- Major Imports: Electronics, machinery, and chemicals.
- Major Exports: IT services, pharmaceuticals, and pearls.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 83.3%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.6% annually.
5. Ahmedabad
- Location: Gujarat, Western India
- Features: Major economic and industrial hub, known for textiles and heritage.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 83%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Gujaratis, including Patels and Jains.
- Leader: Chief Minister of Gujarat.
- Major Imports: Machinery and chemicals.
- Major Exports: Textiles, chemicals, and diamond processing.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 89.1%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.0% annually.
6. Chennai
- Location: Tamil Nadu, Southern India
- Features: Major cultural and economic center, known for its automotive industry and classical music.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 88%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Tamils, Telugu, and Malayalis.
- Leader: Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.
- Major Imports: Crude oil and machinery.
- Major Exports: Automobiles, textiles, and software services.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 90.2%
- Population Growth Rate: ~1.0% annually.
7. Kolkata
- Location: West Bengal, Eastern India
- Features: Cultural capital, colonial architecture, and diverse arts scene.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 72%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Bengali, Marwari, and Bihari communities.
- Leader: Chief Minister of West Bengal.
- Major Imports: Machinery and consumer goods.
- Major Exports: Jute products, textiles, and fish.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 87.1%
- Population Growth Rate: ~1.0% annually.
8. Surat
- Location: Gujarat, Western India
- Features: Major diamond trading center, known for textiles and cleanliness.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 80%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Gujaratis, including Patels and Kachchhis.
- Leader: Mayor of Surat.
- Major Imports: Rough diamonds and textiles.
- Major Exports: Diamonds and textiles.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 89.6%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.6% annually.
9. Pune
- Location: Maharashtra, Western India
- Features: Educational and IT hub, rich history, and cultural activities.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 85%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Marathi, North Indians, and South Indians.
- Leader: Mayor of Pune.
- Major Imports: Electronics and machinery.
- Major Exports: IT services and automotive products.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 89.8%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.0% annually.
10. Kanpur
- Location: Uttar Pradesh, Northern India
- Features: Industrial center, known for leather and textiles.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 81%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: North Indians, primarily from Uttar Pradesh.
- Leader: Mayor of Kanpur.
- Major Imports: Raw materials for leather and textiles.
- Major Exports: Leather goods and textiles.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 85.1%
- Population Growth Rate: ~1.5% annually.
11. Jaipur
- Location: Rajasthan, Northern India
- Features: Historical architecture, tourism, and rich cultural heritage.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 90%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Rajputs and other Rajasthani communities.
- Leader: Chief Minister of Rajasthan.
- Major Imports: Raw materials for handicrafts.
- Major Exports: Handicrafts and textiles.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 85.4%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.1% annually.
12. Navi Mumbai
- Location: Maharashtra, Coastal region near Mumbai
- Features: Planned satellite city, residential and commercial developments.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 75%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Maharashtrians and migrants from various states.
- Leader: Municipal Commissioner of Navi Mumbai.
- Major Imports: Machinery and electronics.
- Major Exports: IT services and real estate.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 89.1%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.0% annually.
13. Lucknow
- Location: Uttar Pradesh, Northern India
- Features: Cultural and administrative capital, known for its history and cuisine.
- Major Religion: Islam (approximately 35%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Awadhi, Urdu-speaking, and North Indians.
- Leader: Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.
- Major Imports: Consumer goods and food products.
- Major Exports: Handicrafts and textiles.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 81.5%
- Population Growth Rate: ~1.4% annually.
14. Nagpur
- Location: Maharashtra, Central India
- Features: Known for oranges, educational institutions, and logistics.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 80%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Marathi and North Indians.
- Leader: Mayor of Nagpur.
- Major Imports: Agricultural products and machinery.
- Major Exports: Oranges and textiles.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 89.7%
- Population Growth Rate: ~1.2% annually.
15. Coimbatore
- Location: Tamil Nadu, Southern India
- Features: Major industrial hub, known for textiles and engineering.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 83%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Tamils and Malayalis.
- Leader: Mayor of Coimbatore.
- Major Imports: Textile machinery and raw materials.
- Major Exports: Textiles and engineering goods.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 87.4%
- Population Growth Rate: ~1.5% annually.
16. Indore
- Location: Madhya Pradesh, Central India
- Features: Major commercial center, known for its food and cleanliness.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 85%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Malwi and North Indians.
- Leader: Mayor of Indore.
- Major Imports: Consumer goods and textiles.
- Major Exports: Food products and textiles.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 89.0%
- Population Growth Rate: ~1.9% annually.
17. Vadodara
- Location: Gujarat, Western India
- Features: Cultural center, known for its palaces and educational institutions.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 85%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Gujaratis and Marathis.
- Leader: Mayor of Vadodara.
- Major Imports: Machinery and chemicals.
- Major Exports: Engineering goods and textiles.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 89.0%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.1% annually.
18. Kallakurichi
- Location: Tamil Nadu, Southern India
- Features: Emerging as an educational center, known for agriculture.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 92%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Tamils.
- Leader: Local representatives.
- Major Imports: Agricultural products.
- Major Exports: Agricultural goods.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 80.5%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.4% annually.
19. Patna
- Location: Bihar, Eastern India
- Features: Historical significance, rich cultural heritage, and education center.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 82%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Biharis, including Brahmins and Other Backward Classes.
- Leader: Chief Minister of Bihar.
- Major Imports: Consumer goods and machinery.
- Major Exports: Agricultural products and textiles.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 82.0%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.0% annually.
20. Bhopal
- Location: Madhya Pradesh, Central India
- Features: Known as the City of Lakes, rich cultural and historical background.
- Major Religion: Islam (approximately 30%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Bhopalis and North Indians.
- Leader: Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh.
- Major Imports: Machinery and textiles.
- Major Exports: Handicrafts and textiles.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 89.0%
- Population Growth Rate: ~1.5% annually.
21. Ludhiana
- Location: Punjab, Northern India
- Features: Major industrial city known for textiles and manufacturing.
- Major Religion: Sikhism (approximately 58%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Punjabis.
- Leader: Mayor of Ludhiana.
- Major Imports: Machinery and raw materials.
- Major Exports: Textiles and bicycle parts.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 89.5%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.1% annually.
22. Madurai
- Location: Tamil Nadu, Southern India
- Features: Known for temples and cultural heritage, historical city.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 88%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Tamils.
- Leader: Local representatives.
- Major Imports: Agricultural products and textiles.
- Major Exports: Handicrafts and textiles.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 85.1%
- Population Growth Rate: ~1.5% annually.
23. Agra
- Location: Uttar Pradesh, Northern India
- Features: Home to the Taj Mahal, significant historical and tourism hub.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 79%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Agrawals and other North Indian communities.
- Leader: Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.
- Major Imports: Raw materials for handicrafts.
- Major Exports: Marble and handicrafts.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 79.4%
- Population Growth Rate: ~1.2% annually.
24. Rajkot
- Location: Gujarat, Western India
- Features: Industrial hub known for small-scale industries and traditional handicrafts.
- Major Religion: Hinduism (approximately 80%)
- Major Ethnic Groups: Gujaratis.
- Leader: Mayor of Rajkot.
- Major Imports: Raw materials for manufacturing.
- Major Exports: Engineering goods and textiles.
- Literacy Rate: Approximately 87.5%
- Population Growth Rate: ~2.5% annually.
LARGEST COMPANIES IN CAMBODIA 2024
INTRODUCTION
Cambodia’s largest companies, with a combined market capitalization of around $4.60 billion, highlight the nation’s diverse economy. Sihanoukville Autonomous Port leads at $1.25 billion, playing a key role in international trade. CAMGSM Plc. follows, known for Cellcard in telecommunications, while ACLEDA Bank, valued at $770 million, supports economic growth through financial services. The Phnom Penh Water Supply Authority ensures reliable water access, and the Phnom Penh Autonomous Port emphasizes export operations. Education and manufacturing sectors are represented by Mengly J. Quach Education and Pestech Cambodia. Finally, Phnom Penh SEZ showcases the potential of special economic zones to attract investment. Together, these companies reflect Cambodia’s evolving economic landscape.
🏢 Largest Cambodian Companies by Market Capitalization 🏢
| Company | Market Cap (in USD) | Price (30 Days) | Change | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sihanoukville Autonomous Port (PAS.KH) | $1.25 B | $2.79 | 0.00% | Cambodia |
| CAMGSM Plc. (Cellcard) (CGSM.KH) | $1.17 B | $0.60 | 0.41% | Cambodia |
| ACLEDA Bank (ABC.KH) | $0.77 B | $1.80 | 0.27% | Cambodia |
| Phnom Penh Water Supply Authority (PWSA.KH) | $0.73 B | $1.53 | 0.32% | Cambodia |
| Phnom Penh Autonomous Port (PPAP.KH) | $0.37 B | $3.28 | 0.15% | Cambodia |
| Mengly J. Quach Education (MJQE.KH) | $0.16 B | $0.50 | 0.99% | Cambodia |
| Pestech Cambodia (PEPC.KH) | $44.95 M | $0.60 | 0.41% | Cambodia |
| Grand Twins International Cambodia (GTI.KH) | $42.45 M | $1.06 | 0.00% | Cambodia |
| Phnom Penh SEZ (PPSP.KH) | $39.56 M | $0.55 | 0.90% | Cambodia |
1. Sihanoukville Autonomous Port
- Ticker Symbol: PAS.KH
- Market Capitalization: $1.25 billion
- Current Price: $2.79
- Overview: Sihanoukville Autonomous Port is Cambodia’s largest port and plays a crucial role in facilitating international trade. The port handles a significant volume of cargo, including containers, bulk goods, and vehicles.
- Key Activities: Port management, cargo handling, logistics services.
- Location: Sihanoukville, Cambodia.
2. CAMGSM Plc. (Cellcard)
- Ticker Symbol: CGSM.KH
- Market Capitalization: $1.17 billion
- Current Price: $0.60
- Overview: CAMGSM, operating under the brand name Cellcard, is a leading telecommunications provider in Cambodia. It offers mobile services, including voice, data, and value-added services.
- Key Activities: Mobile telecommunications, broadband services, digital solutions.
- Location: Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
3. ACLEDA Bank
- Ticker Symbol: ABC.KH
- Market Capitalization: $0.77 billion
- Current Price: $1.80
- Overview: ACLEDA Bank is one of Cambodia’s largest commercial banks, providing a wide range of financial services, including banking, microfinance, and investment services.
- Key Activities: Commercial banking, microfinance, loan services, savings accounts.
- Location: Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
4. Phnom Penh Water Supply Authority
- Ticker Symbol: PWSA.KH
- Market Capitalization: $0.73 billion
- Current Price: $1.53
- Overview: The Phnom Penh Water Supply Authority is responsible for the provision of clean and safe drinking water to the residents of Phnom Penh. It plays a critical role in urban infrastructure.
- Key Activities: Water supply management, treatment, and distribution.
- Location: Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
5. Phnom Penh Autonomous Port
- Ticker Symbol: PPAP.KH
- Market Capitalization: $0.37 billion
- Current Price: $3.28
- Overview: Phnom Penh Autonomous Port serves as a key inland port for the capital city, handling various types of cargo, including containers and bulk goods, contributing significantly to the country’s logistics network.
- Key Activities: Cargo handling, port management, logistics services.
- Location: Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
6. Mengly J. Quach Education
- Ticker Symbol: MJQE.KH
- Market Capitalization: $0.16 billion
- Current Price: $0.50
- Overview: Mengly J. Quach Education is a prominent educational institution in Cambodia, offering a range of services from primary education to higher education. The company focuses on quality education and training programs.
- Key Activities: Educational services, training, and professional development.
- Location: Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
7. Pestech Cambodia
- Ticker Symbol: PEPC.KH
- Market Capitalization: $44.95 million
- Current Price: $0.60
- Overview: Pestech Cambodia is a subsidiary of Pestech International Berhad, specializing in electrical engineering and infrastructure projects. The company focuses on power generation and transmission solutions.
- Key Activities: Engineering services, power generation, and transmission projects.
- Location: Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
8. Grand Twins International Cambodia
- Ticker Symbol: GTI.KH
- Market Capitalization: $42.45 million
- Current Price: $1.06
- Overview: Grand Twins International Cambodia is involved in the manufacturing of electronic products, particularly for the automotive industry. The company is known for its high-quality production standards.
- Key Activities: Manufacturing, assembly of electronic components, and automotive parts.
- Location: Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
9. Phnom Penh SEZ
- Ticker Symbol: PPSP.KH
- Market Capitalization: $39.56 million
- Current Price: $0.55
- Overview: Phnom Penh Special Economic Zone (PPSP) is a designated area for manufacturing and export-oriented businesses. It provides incentives for foreign investments and promotes economic development.
- Key Activities: Industrial zone management, attracting foreign investments, manufacturing.
- Location: Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
TOP 10 BIGGEST CAR COMPANIES IN THE WORLD
INTRODUCTION
In 2023, Tesla topped the automotive market with a staggering market capitalization of $768.82 billion, despite selling 1,808,581 units globally. Following Tesla, Toyota maintained its dominance in unit sales with over 11 million vehicles sold, resulting in a market cap of $233.36 billion. BYD secured the third position with a market cap of $121.74 billion and 3 million units sold, highlighting its rapid growth in the electric vehicle sector. Ferrari, although selling only 13,663 units, had a significant market cap of $82.36 billion, reflecting its luxury brand strength. Xiaomi, with a market cap of $77.29 billion, stands out as a unique entry, but lacks sales data for the year. Porsche followed with a market cap of $70.19 billion and 320,221 units sold, while Mercedes-Benz, with a market cap of $67.05 billion, sold just 17,408 units. BMW’s market cap was $53.96 billion, with 2,555,341 units sold, and Volkswagen reported a market cap of $52.76 billion alongside 9,239,575 units sold. General Motors rounded out the top ten with a market cap of $50.55 billion and 6,188,476 units sold. This landscape illustrates a compelling interplay between market capitalization and unit sales among leading car manufacturers.
🌟 Car Companies Market Cap and Units Sold in 2023 🌟
| Rank & Car Company | Market Cap (in USD) | Units Sold Globally in 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| #1 🚗 Tesla | $768.82 bln | 1,808,581 |
| #2 🚙 Toyota | $233.36 bln | 11,230,000 |
| #3 🔋 BYD | $121.74 bln | 3,000,000 |
| #4 🏎️ Ferrari | $82.36 bln | 13,663 |
| #5 📱 Xiaomi | $77.29 bln | NA |
| #6 🚘 Porsche | $70.19 bln | 320,221 |
| #7 🚐 Mercedes-Benz | $67.05 bln | 17,408 |
| #8 🚗 BMW | $53.96 bln | 2,555,341 |
| #9 🚙 Volkswagen | $52.76 bln | 9,239,575 |
| #10 🚗 General Motors | $50.55 bln | 6,188,476 |
1. Tesla
- CEO: Elon Musk
- Headquarters: Palo Alto, California, USA
- Main Exported Cars: Model S, Model 3, Model X, Model Y
- Popular Brands: Tesla
- Country: United States
- Founded: 2003
- Specialty: Electric vehicles and renewable energy products.
2. Toyota
- CEO: Akio Toyoda
- Headquarters: Toyota City, Aichi, Japan
- Main Exported Cars: Camry, Corolla, RAV4, Hilux
- Popular Brands: Toyota, Lexus
- Country: Japan
- Founded: 1937
- Specialty: Hybrid technology and mass-market vehicles.
3. BYD
- CEO: Wang Chuanfu
- Headquarters: Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Main Exported Cars: Han EV, Tang EV, Qin EV, Dolphin
- Popular Brands: BYD, Denza
- Country: China
- Founded: 1995
- Specialty: Electric vehicles and batteries.
4. Ferrari
- CEO: Benedetto Vigna
- Headquarters: Maranello, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
- Main Exported Cars: 488 GTB, F8 Tributo, SF90 Stradale
- Popular Brands: Ferrari
- Country: Italy
- Founded: 1939
- Specialty: Luxury sports cars and performance vehicles.
5. Xiaomi
- CEO: Lei Jun
- Headquarters: Beijing, China
- Main Exported Cars: (N/A; Xiaomi primarily focuses on consumer electronics but has announced plans for EVs)
- Popular Brands: Xiaomi
- Country: China
- Founded: 2010
- Specialty: Consumer electronics, including smartphones and smart home devices.
6. Porsche
- CEO: Oliver Blume
- Headquarters: Stuttgart, Germany
- Main Exported Cars: 911, Cayenne, Macan, Taycan
- Popular Brands: Porsche
- Country: Germany
- Founded: 1931
- Specialty: Sports cars and luxury vehicles.
7. Mercedes-Benz
- CEO: Ola Källenius
- Headquarters: Stuttgart, Germany
- Main Exported Cars: C-Class, E-Class, S-Class, G-Class
- Popular Brands: Mercedes-Benz, Smart
- Country: Germany
- Founded: 1926
- Specialty: Luxury vehicles and commercial vehicles.
8. BMW
- CEO: Oliver Zipse
- Headquarters: Munich, Germany
- Main Exported Cars: 3 Series, 5 Series, X5, i3
- Popular Brands: BMW, Mini, Rolls-Royce
- Country: Germany
- Founded: 1916
- Specialty: Luxury vehicles and performance cars.
9. Volkswagen
- CEO: Oliver Blume
- Headquarters: Wolfsburg, Germany
- Main Exported Cars: Golf, Passat, Jetta, Tiguan
- Popular Brands: Volkswagen, Audi, SEAT, Škoda, Bentley, Lamborghini, Porsche
- Country: Germany
- Founded: 1937
- Specialty: Mass-market vehicles and electric vehicles.
10. General Motors
- CEO: Mary Barra
- Headquarters: Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Main Exported Cars: Chevrolet Silverado, GMC Sierra, Cadillac Escalade
- Popular Brands: Chevrolet, GMC, Cadillac, Buick
- Country: United States
- Founded: 1908
- Specialty: Mass-market vehicles and electric vehicles (e.g., Chevrolet Bolt EV).
WORLDS MOST POWERFUL PASSPORT 2024
In the latest rankings for visa-free access, several countries have emerged at the top, each providing their citizens with the ability to travel without the need for a visa to 194 destinations. These countries include France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Singapore, and Spain. Following closely behind are Finland, the Netherlands, South Korea, and Sweden, each with access to 193 countries. The third tier features Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Luxembourg, and the United Kingdom, all granting visa-free access to 192 locations.
Belgium, Norway, and Portugal occupy the fourth position with 191 visa-free destinations, while Australia, Greece, Malta, New Zealand, and Switzerland share the fifth spot with 190. Canada, Czechia, Poland, and the United States each have visa-free access to 189 countries, placing them sixth in the rankings. The seventh rank is held by Hungary and Lithuania, both enjoying access to 188 destinations. Estonia follows at eighth with 187 countries, while Latvia, Slovakia, and Slovenia are tied at ninth with 186.
Iceland comes in at tenth with 185 destinations, and the United Arab Emirates ranks eleventh with 184. Malaysia, at twelfth, has access to 183 countries, followed by Liechtenstein with 182. Cyprus stands at fourteenth with 181 destinations, while Bulgaria, Monaco, and Romania are tied for fifteenth, each with 179. Chile follows in sixteenth with access to 177 countries, and Argentina ranks seventeenth with 174. Brazil is eighteenth with 173 destinations, while Andorra, Hong Kong (SAR China), and San Marino share nineteenth place with 172.
Israel ranks twentieth with 171 countries, followed by Brunei at twenty-first with 168. Barbados sits at twenty-second with 165, and Mexico at twenty-third with 161. The Bahamas is twenty-fourth with 159, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines, along with Vatican City, are tied at twenty-fifth with 157 destinations. Seychelles, St. Kitts and Nevis, Uruguay, and Antigua and Barbuda are tied at twenty-seventh with 154. Costa Rica ranks twenty-eighth with 152, while Mauritius holds twenty-ninth place with 151. Panama, Grenada, and Ukraine are thirtieth and thirty-first with 149 and 148, respectively.
As we move down the rankings, Paraguay is thirty-second with 145 countries, followed by Macao (SAR China) and Dominica, which share thirty-fourth place with 143 destinations. Taiwan (Chinese Taipei) is also tied with them. Peru holds thirty-fifth place with 142 countries. Serbia is thirty-sixth with 139, and Guatemala is thirty-seventh with 137. El Salvador is thirty-eighth with 136, while Colombia sits at thirty-ninth with 135.
Honduras, the Solomon Islands, and Samoa are all tied for fortieth place with 134 and 133, respectively. Tonga is forty-second with 131, and Nicaragua is forty-third with 130. Tuvalu ranks forty-fourth with 129, while the Marshall Islands hold forty-fifth place with 128. Montenegro and North Macedonia share forty-sixth place with 127. Venezuela is forty-seventh with 126, and both Kiribati and Micronesia hold forty-eighth place with 125 destinations.
Albania and the Palau Islands are tied for forty-ninth place with 124 countries, while Bosnia and Herzegovina rounds out the top fifty with 123 destinations. Georgia and Moldova are fifty-first with 122. Russia follows in fifty-second place with 120, and Türkiye ranks fifty-third with 118. Qatar and South Africa are tied at fifty-fourth with 108. Belize ranks fifty-fifth with 104, and Kuwait is fifty-sixth with 102. The Maldives and Timor-Leste hold fifty-seventh with 96 countries.
Ecuador is fifty-eighth with 95, while Vanuatu is fifty-ninth with 93. Bahrain, Botswana, Guyana, and Nauru are tied at sixtieth with 91 destinations. Fiji, Jamaica, Oman, and Saudi Arabia rank sixty-first with 90. China is sixty-second with 88 countries, and Papua New Guinea is sixty-third with 86. Thailand ranks sixty-fourth with 83, and Bolivia is sixty-fifth with 82. Belarus and Suriname share sixty-sixth with 81 countries.
Lesotho and Namibia are tied at sixty-seventh with 80, and Indonesia, Kazakhstan, and Kosovo rank at sixty-eighth with 78. Kenya, Malawi, and eSwatini are tied at sixty-ninth with 76. The Dominican Republic is seventieth with 74, while Tanzania is seventy-first with 73. Azerbaijan ranks seventy-second with 72, and Morocco, Tunisia, and Zambia share seventy-third with 71. The Gambia and Uganda are tied at seventy-fourth with 70.
Armenia, Cape Verde Islands, and the Philippines are tied at seventy-fifth with 69. Ghana is seventy-sixth with 68, while Sierra Leone ranks seventy-seventh with 67. Rwanda and Zimbabwe are tied at seventy-eighth with 66. Kyrgyzstan is seventy-ninth with 65, and Cuba, Mongolia, and Uzbekistan are tied at eightieth with 64. Benin and Mozambique share eighty-first place with 63, while India is eighty-second with 62.
Gabon, Sao Tome and Principe, and Tajikistan are tied at eighty-third with 61. Burkina Faso and Madagascar rank eighty-fourth with 60, while Cote d’Ivoire, Guinea, Mauritania, and Togo share eighty-fifth with 59. Equatorial Guinea and Senegal are eighty-sixth with 58, and Niger ranks eighty-seventh with 57. Algeria, Cambodia, Guinea-Bissau, Jordan, and Mali are tied at eighty-eighth with 56. Bhutan, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoro Islands, Egypt, and Haiti are all tied at eighty-ninth with 55.
Vietnam is ninetieth with 54, while Angola and Cameroon rank ninety-first with 53. Congo and Turkmenistan share ninety-second with 52. Burundi, Laos, and Liberia are tied at ninety-third with 51. Djibouti is ninety-fourth with 50, while Myanmar ranks ninety-fifth with 48. DR Congo and Ethiopia share ninety-sixth with 47. South Sudan is ninety-seventh with 46, and Iran, Lebanon, Nigeria, and Sudan share ninety-eighth with 45. Sri Lanka is ninety-ninth with 44, while Eritrea ranks one hundredth with 43. Bangladesh and North Korea share one hundred first place with 42, and Palestine is one hundred second with 41. Libya and Nepal are tied at one hundred third with 40, while Somalia is one hundred fourth with 36. Yemen is one hundred fifth with 35, and Pakistan ranks one hundred sixth with 34. Iraq is one hundred seventh with 31, while Syria is one hundred eighth with 29. Afghanistan rounds out the list at one hundred ninth place with 28.
| Rank | Country | Visa Free Access |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | France | 194 |
| 1 | Germany | 194 |
| 1 | Italy | 194 |
| 1 | Japan | 194 |
| 1 | Singapore | 194 |
| 1 | Spain | 194 |
| 2 | Finland | 193 |
| 2 | Netherlands | 193 |
| 2 | South Korea | 193 |
| 2 | Sweden | 193 |
| 3 | Austria | 192 |
| 3 | Denmark | 192 |
| 3 | Ireland | 192 |
| 3 | Luxembourg | 192 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 192 |
| 4 | Belgium | 191 |
| 4 | Norway | 191 |
| 4 | Portugal | 191 |
| 5 | Australia | 190 |
| 5 | Greece | 190 |
| 5 | Malta | 190 |
| 5 | New Zealand | 190 |
| 5 | Switzerland | 190 |
| 6 | Canada | 189 |
| 6 | Czechia | 189 |
| 6 | Poland | 189 |
| 6 | United States | 189 |
| 7 | Hungary | 188 |
| 7 | Lithuania | 188 |
| 8 | Estonia | 187 |
| 9 | Latvia | 186 |
| 9 | Slovakia | 186 |
| 9 | Slovenia | 186 |
| 10 | Iceland | 185 |
| 11 | United Arab Emirates | 184 |
| 12 | Malaysia | 183 |
| 13 | Liechtenstein | 182 |
| 14 | Cyprus | 181 |
| 15 | Bulgaria | 179 |
| 15 | Monaco | 179 |
| 15 | Romania | 179 |
| 16 | Chile | 177 |
| 17 | Argentina | 174 |
| 18 | Brazil | 173 |
| 19 | Andorra | 172 |
| 19 | Hong Kong (SAR China) | 172 |
| 19 | San Marino | 172 |
| 20 | Israel | 171 |
| 21 | Brunei | 168 |
| 22 | Barbados | 165 |
| 23 | Mexico | 161 |
| 24 | Bahamas | 159 |
| 25 | St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 157 |
| 25 | Vatican City | 157 |
| 27 | Seychelles | 154 |
| 27 | St. Kitts and Nevis | 154 |
| 27 | Uruguay | 154 |
| 27 | Antigua and Barbuda | 154 |
| 28 | Costa Rica | 152 |
| 29 | Mauritius | 151 |
| 30 | Panama | 149 |
| 31 | Grenada | 148 |
| 31 | Ukraine | 148 |
| 32 | Paraguay | 145 |
| 33 | Macao (SAR China) | 144 |
| 34 | Dominica | 143 |
| 34 | Taiwan (Chinese Taipei) | 143 |
| 35 | Peru | 142 |
| 36 | Serbia | 139 |
| 37 | Guatemala | 137 |
| 38 | El Salvador | 136 |
| 39 | Colombia | 135 |
| 40 | Honduras | 134 |
| 40 | Solomon Islands | 134 |
| 40 | Solomon Islands | 134 |
| 41 | Samoa | 133 |
| 42 | Tonga | 131 |
| 43 | Nicaragua | 130 |
| 44 | Tuvalu | 129 |
| 45 | Marshall Islands | 128 |
| 46 | Montenegro | 127 |
| 46 | North Macedonia | 127 |
| 47 | Venezuela | 126 |
| 48 | Kiribati | 125 |
| 48 | Micronesia | 125 |
| 49 | Albania | 124 |
| 49 | Palau Islands | 124 |
| 50 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 123 |
| 51 | Georgia | 122 |
| 51 | Moldova | 122 |
| 52 | Russia | 120 |
| 53 | Türkiye | 118 |
| 54 | Qatar | 108 |
| 54 | South Africa | 108 |
| 55 | Belize | 104 |
| 56 | Kuwait | 102 |
| 57 | Maldives | 96 |
| 57 | Timor-Leste | 96 |
| 58 | Ecuador | 95 |
| 59 | Vanuatu | 93 |
| 60 | Bahrain | 91 |
| 60 | Botswana | 91 |
| 60 | Guyana | 91 |
| 60 | Nauru | 91 |
| 61 | Fiji | 90 |
| 61 | Jamaica | 90 |
| 61 | Oman | 90 |
| 61 | Saudi Arabia | 90 |
| 62 | China | 88 |
| 63 | Papua New Guinea | 86 |
| 64 | Thailand | 83 |
| 65 | Bolivia | 82 |
| 66 | Belarus | 81 |
| 66 | Suriname | 81 |
| 67 | Lesotho | 80 |
| 67 | Namibia | 80 |
| 68 | Indonesia | 78 |
| 68 | Kazakhstan | 78 |
| 68 | Kosovo | 78 |
| 69 | Kenya | 76 |
| 69 | Malawi | 76 |
| 69 | eSwatini | 76 |
| 70 | Dominican Republic | 74 |
| 71 | Tanzania | 73 |
| 72 | Azerbaijan | 72 |
| 73 | Morocco | 71 |
| 73 | Tunisia | 71 |
| 73 | Zambia | 71 |
| 74 | The Gambia | 70 |
| 74 | Uganda | 70 |
| 75 | Armenia | 69 |
| 75 | Cape Verde Islands | 69 |
| 75 | Philippines | 69 |
| 76 | Ghana | 68 |
| 77 | Sierra Leone | 67 |
| 78 | Rwanda | 66 |
| 78 | Zimbabwe | 66 |
| 79 | Kyrgyzstan | 65 |
| 80 | Cuba | 64 |
| 80 | Mongolia | 64 |
| 80 | Uzbekistan | 64 |
| 81 | Benin | 63 |
| 81 | Mozambique | 63 |
| 82 | India | 62 |
| 83 | Gabon | 61 |
| 83 | Sao Tome and Principe | 61 |
| 83 | Tajikistan | 61 |
| 84 | Burkina Faso | 60 |
| 84 | Madagascar | 60 |
| 85 | Cote d’Ivoire | 59 |
| 85 | Guinea | 59 |
| 85 | Mauritania | 59 |
| 85 | Togo | 59 |
| 86 | Equatorial Guinea | 58 |
| 86 | Senegal | 58 |
| 87 | Niger | 57 |
| 88 | Algeria | 56 |
| 88 | Cambodia | 56 |
| 88 | Guinea-Bissau | 56 |
| 88 | Jordan | 56 |
| 88 | Mali | 56 |
| 89 | Bhutan | 55 |
| 89 | Central African Republic | 55 |
| 89 | Chad | 55 |
| 89 | Comoro Islands | 55 |
| 89 | Egypt | 55 |
| 89 | Haiti | 55 |
| 90 | Vietnam | 54 |
| 91 | Angola | 53 |
| 91 | Cameroon | 53 |
| 92 | Congo | 52 |
| 92 | Turkmenistan | 52 |
| 93 | Burundi | 51 |
| 93 | Laos | 51 |
| 93 | Liberia | 51 |
| 94 | Djibouti | 50 |
| 95 | Myanmar | 48 |
| 96 | DR Congo | 47 |
| 96 | Ethiopia | 47 |
| 97 | South Sudan | 46 |
| 98 | Iran | 45 |
| 98 | Lebanon | 45 |
| 98 | Nigeria | 45 |
| 98 | Sudan | 45 |
| 99 | Sri Lanka | 44 |
| 100 | Eritrea | 43 |
| 101 | Bangladesh | 42 |
| 101 | North Korea | 42 |
| 102 | Palestine | 41 |
| 103 | Libya | 40 |
| 103 | Nepal | 40 |
| 104 | Somalia | 36 |
| 105 | Yemen | 35 |
| 106 | Pakistan | 34 |
| 107 | Iraq | 31 |
| 108 | Syria | 29 |
| 109 | Afghanistan | 28 |
NET PROFIT AND INTEREST INCOME OF FINANCE COMPANIES Q1 2081/81
Net Profit and Net Interest Income of Finance (First Qtr, 2081-82)
In the first quarter of the fiscal year 2081/82, Manjushree Finance reported a net profit of 94,224, showing a growth of 13.83% from the previous year. Progressive Finance recorded a net profit of 80,940, while Janaki Finance demonstrated significant growth with a profit of 69,055, a remarkable increase of 15,738.30%. ICFC Finance reported 68,800, reflecting a growth of 633.71%. Goodwill Finance and Central Finance both had profits of 49,513 and 49,512 respectively. However, Gurkhas Finance suffered a loss of 24,280, with a decline of 60.64%. Multipurpose Finance and Shree Investment posted profits of 14,774 and 4,151 respectively, the latter with an increase of 1,326.46%. On the contrary, Best Finance and Nepal Finance reported losses of 8,641 and 24,001 respectively. Pokhara Finance showed a significant loss of 49,001, while Reliance Finance and Guheshowori Merchant reported losses of 57,555 and 113,368 respectively. The total net profit reported by the finance companies was 202,683, contrasting with a significant loss of 563,045 in the previous year.
Regarding net interest income for the same quarter, Nepal Finance reported an income of 29,051, showing an increase of 90.06%. Gurkhas Finance generated 81,608 but experienced a decline of 12.91%. Best Finance reported an income of 40,871, up by 30.44%, while Goodwill Finance had an income of 75,201 with a modest growth of 4.59%. Pokhara Finance saw a decline in income to 74,822, down by 11.64%. Shree Investment had a noteworthy income of 82,804, up by 45.54%. Central Finance reported an income of 55,331, experiencing a decline of 13.20%. Janaki Finance had 49,344, a slight decrease of 3.42%. Guheshowori Merchant reported an income of 40,989, down by 17.61%. ICFC Finance had a robust income of 143,263, an increase of 22.59%. Progressive Finance showed significant growth with an income of 50,646, up by 296.07%. Multipurpose Finance reported 23,120, an increase of 18.51%. Finally, Manjushree Finance had an income of 237,009, up by 25.07%. The total net interest income across these finance companies reached 1,018,542, compared to 907,548 from the previous year, reflecting a growth of 12.23%.
Net Profit Of Finance (First Qtr, 2081-82)
| Name | First Qtr 2081/82 | First Qtr 2080/81 | Diff (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manjushree Finance | 94,224 | 82,774 | 13.83% |
| Progressive Finance | 80,940 | -61,185 | N/A |
| Janaki Finance | 69,055 | 436 | 15738.30% |
| ICFC Finance | 68,800 | 9,377 | 633.71% |
| Goodwill Finance | 49,513 | -35,017 | N/A |
| Central Finance | 49,512 | -26,180 | N/A |
| Gurkhas Finance | 24,280 | 61,690 | -60.64% |
| Multipurpose Finance | 14,774 | 6,580 | 124.53% |
| Shree Investment | 4,151 | 291 | 1326.46% |
| Best Finance | -8,641 | -19,822 | N/A |
| Nepal Finance | -24,001 | -20,243 | N/A |
| Pokhara Finance | -49,001 | -561,709 | N/A |
| Reliance Finance | -57,555 | 53,943 | N/A |
| Guheshowori Merchant | -113,368 | -53,980 | N/A |
| Total | 202,683 | -563,045 | N/A |
Net Interest Income Of Finance (First Qtr, 2081-82)
| Name | First Qtr 2081/82 | First Qtr 2080/81 | Diff (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nepal Finance | 29,051 | 15,285 | 90.06% |
| Gurkhas Finance | 81,608 | 93,703 | -12.91% |
| Best Finance | 40,871 | 31,334 | 30.44% |
| Goodwill Finance | 75,201 | 71,904 | 4.59% |
| Pokhara Finance | 74,822 | 84,676 | -11.64% |
| Shree Investment | 82,804 | 56,895 | 45.54% |
| Central Finance | 55,331 | 63,744 | -13.20% |
| Janaki Finance | 49,344 | 51,090 | -3.42% |
| Guheshowori Merchant | 40,989 | 49,749 | -17.61% |
| ICFC Finance | 143,263 | 116,866 | 22.59% |
| Progressive Finance | 50,646 | 12,787 | 296.07% |
| Multipurpose Finance | 23,120 | 19,509 | 18.51% |
| Manjushree Finance | 237,009 | 189,506 | 25.07% |
| Reliance Finance | 34,483 | 50,500 | -31.72% |
| Total | 1,018,542 | 907,548 | 12.23% |
FINANCE COMPANY WITH EPS AND DISTRIBUTE PROFIT AND LOSS
As of the end of Ashwin (approximately mid-October), the highest distributable profit belongs to Manjushree Finance, which has increased by 429.77% to reach NPR 151,366,000 within a year. ICFC Finance’s distributable profit has increased by 1266.42% to reach NPR 67,542,000. All other finance companies have reported negative distributable profits.
As of the end of Ashwin, the highest earnings per share is from Janaki Finance, which stands at NPR 40. During this period, five finance companies reported negative earnings per share.
Finance Company Q1 Report 2081/82
EPS Of Finance (First Qtr, 2081-82)
| Name | 2081/82 | 2080/81 | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|
| Janaki Finance | 40.00 | 0.60 | +39.40 |
| Manjushree Finance | 27.89 | 24.50 | +3.39 |
| ICFC Finance | 23.25 | 3.17 | +20.08 |
| Goodwill Finance | 20.93 | -14.80 | +35.73 |
| Central Finance | 20.87 | -11.04 | +31.91 |
| Gurkhas Finance | 11.19 | 28.43 | -17.24 |
| Multipurpose Finance | 9.69 | 4.42 | +5.27 |
| Progressive Finance | 9.54 | -7.21 | +16.75 |
| Shree Investment | 1.69 | 0.12 | +1.57 |
| Nepal Finance | -3.29 | -2.77 | -0.52 |
| Best Finance | -3.88 | -9.28 | +5.40 |
| Guheshowori Merchant | -8.75 | -5.33 | -3.42 |
| Pokhara Finance | -18.11 | -20.79 | +2.68 |
| Reliance Finance | -20.53 | 19.24 | -39.77 |
| Average | 7.89 | 0.66 | +7.23 |
Distributable P/L Of Finance (First Qtr, 2081-82)
| Name | 2081/82 | 2080/81 | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manjushree Finance | 151,366 | 28,572 | +429.77% |
| ICFC Finance | 67,542 | 4,943 | +1266.42% |
| Shree Investment | -9,115 | 12,261 | -21,376 |
| Goodwill Finance | -22,931 | -4,068 | -18,863 |
| Central Finance | -118,485 | -55,550 | -62,935 |
| Guheshowori Merchant | -129,622 | -7,152 | -122,470 |
| Nepal Finance | -250,701 | -236,748 | -13,953 |
| Best Finance | -263,300 | -262,183 | -1,117 |
| Reliance Finance | -390,272 | -248,720 | -141,552 |
SOURCE CODE
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<h1>Finance Company Q1 Report 2081/82</h1>
<!-- EPS Table -->
<h2>EPS Of Finance (First Qtr, 2081-82)</h2>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>2081/82</th>
<th>2080/81</th>
<th>Diff</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Janaki Finance</td>
<td>40.00</td>
<td>0.60</td>
<td class="positive">+39.40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Manjushree Finance</td>
<td>27.89</td>
<td>24.50</td>
<td class="positive">+3.39</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ICFC Finance</td>
<td>23.25</td>
<td>3.17</td>
<td class="positive">+20.08</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Goodwill Finance</td>
<td>20.93</td>
<td>-14.80</td>
<td class="positive">+35.73</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Central Finance</td>
<td>20.87</td>
<td>-11.04</td>
<td class="positive">+31.91</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gurkhas Finance</td>
<td>11.19</td>
<td>28.43</td>
<td class="negative">-17.24</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Multipurpose Finance</td>
<td>9.69</td>
<td>4.42</td>
<td class="positive">+5.27</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Progressive Finance</td>
<td>9.54</td>
<td>-7.21</td>
<td class="positive">+16.75</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Shree Investment</td>
<td>1.69</td>
<td>0.12</td>
<td class="positive">+1.57</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nepal Finance</td>
<td>-3.29</td>
<td>-2.77</td>
<td class="negative">-0.52</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Best Finance</td>
<td>-3.88</td>
<td>-9.28</td>
<td class="positive">+5.40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Guheshowori Merchant</td>
<td>-8.75</td>
<td>-5.33</td>
<td class="negative">-3.42</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pokhara Finance</td>
<td>-18.11</td>
<td>-20.79</td>
<td class="positive">+2.68</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Reliance Finance</td>
<td>-20.53</td>
<td>19.24</td>
<td class="negative">-39.77</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Average</th>
<th>7.89</th>
<th>0.66</th>
<th class="positive">+7.23</th>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- Distributable P/L Table -->
<h2>Distributable P/L Of Finance (First Qtr, 2081-82)</h2>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>2081/82</th>
<th>2080/81</th>
<th>Diff</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Manjushree Finance</td>
<td>151,366</td>
<td>28,572</td>
<td class="positive">+429.77%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ICFC Finance</td>
<td>67,542</td>
<td>4,943</td>
<td class="positive">+1266.42%</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Shree Investment</td>
<td>-9,115</td>
<td>12,261</td>
<td class="negative">-21,376</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Goodwill Finance</td>
<td>-22,931</td>
<td>-4,068</td>
<td class="negative">-18,863</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Central Finance</td>
<td>-118,485</td>
<td>-55,550</td>
<td class="negative">-62,935</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Guheshowori Merchant</td>
<td>-129,622</td>
<td>-7,152</td>
<td class="negative">-122,470</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nepal Finance</td>
<td>-250,701</td>
<td>-236,748</td>
<td class="negative">-13,953</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Best Finance</td>
<td>-263,300</td>
<td>-262,183</td>
<td class="negative">-1,117</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Reliance Finance</td>
<td>-390,272</td>
<td>-248,720</td>
<td class="negative">-141,552</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
FINANCE COMPANY WITHE RESERVE AND PAID UP CAPITAL Q1 2081/82
DATA SOURCE: NEPALI PAISA
Paid-Up Capital Summary for First Quarter 2081-82:
The paid-up capital for various finance companies in the first quarter of 2081-82 shows minimal change compared to the same quarter in 2080-81. Manjushree Finance, ICFC Finance, Reliance Finance, Pokhara Finance, Guhehshwori Merchant, Shree Investment, Central Finance, Goodwill Finance, Gurkhas Finance, Progressive Finance, Nepal Finance, Janaki Finance, and Multipurpose Finance all reported no difference in their paid-up capital. Best Finance experienced a minor increase of 4.17%, with their capital rising from 854,816 to 890,424. The total paid-up capital across these companies amounted to 13,264,980, a slight increase of 0.27% from the previous year’s total of 13,228,969.
Reserves Summary for First Quarter 2081-82:
The reserves of finance companies displayed more variability. Goodwill Finance’s reserves slightly decreased by 1.05%, dropping from 1,413,248 to 1,398,374. On the other hand, ICFC Finance saw a dramatic increase of 15,097.25%, rising from 4,943 to 751,200. Companies like Gurkhas Finance, Manjushree Finance, Pokhara Finance, Best Finance, Nepal Finance, Guhehshwori Merchant, Central Finance, Janaki Finance, and Reliance Finance showed reserve growth ranging from 2.5% to 94.34%. The total reserves across these companies reached 8,226,391, marking a 26.97% increase from last year’s total of 6,478,880.
Paid Up Capital Of Finance (First Qtr, 2081-82)
| Name | First Qtr, 2081/82 | First Qtr, 2080/81 | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manjushree Finance | 1,351,552 | 1,351,553 | 0.00% |
| ICFC Finance | 1,183,470 | 1,183,470 | 0.00% |
| Reliance Finance | 1,121,452 | 1,121,452 | 0.00% |
| Pokhara Finance | 1,082,556 | 1,082,556 | 0.00% |
| Guheshowori Merchant | 1,012,176 | 1,012,176 | 0.00% |
| Shree Investment | 981,683 | 981,683 | 0.00% |
| Central Finance | 948,875 | 948,875 | 0.00% |
| Goodwill Finance | 946,115 | 946,115 | 0.00% |
| Best Finance | 890,424 | 854,816 | 4.17% |
| Gurkhas Finance | 867,993 | 867,993 | 0.00% |
| Progressive Finance | 848,106 | 848,106 | 0.00% |
| Nepal Finance | 729,906 | 729,502 | 0.06% |
| Janaki Finance | 690,472 | 690,472 | 0.00% |
| Multipurpose Finance | 610,200 | 610,200 | 0.00% |
| Total | 13,264,980 | 13,228,969 | 0.27% |
Reserves Of Finance (First Qtr, 2081-82)
| Name | First Qtr, 2081/82 | First Qtr, 2080/81 | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|
| Goodwill Finance | 1,398,374 | 1,413,248 | -1.05% |
| Gurkhas Finance | 993,793 | 969,587 | 2.50% |
| Manjushree Finance | 847,815 | 757,301 | 11.95% |
| Pokhara Finance | 780,875 | 597,694 | 30.65% |
| ICFC Finance | 751,200 | 4,943 | 15097.25% |
| Best Finance | 559,171 | 542,166 | 3.14% |
| Nepal Finance | 461,370 | 428,318 | 7.72% |
| Guheshowori Merchant | 455,719 | 390,777 | 16.62% |
| Central Finance | 438,774 | 225,776 | 94.34% |
| Janaki Finance | 430,911 | 298,696 | 44.26% |
| Reliance Finance | 422,694 | 325,729 | 29.77% |
| Shree Investment | 389,675 | 339,761 | 14.69% |
| Progressive Finance | 229,906 | 121,725 | 88.87% |
| Multipurpose Finance | 66,114 | 63,159 | 4.68% |
| Total | 8,226,391 | 6,478,880 | 26.97% |
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<!-- Paid Up Capital Table -->
<h1>Paid Up Capital Of Finance (First Qtr, 2081-82)</h1>
<table id="paidUpCapitalTable">
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>First Qtr, 2081/82</th>
<th>First Qtr, 2080/81</th>
<th>Diff</th>
</tr>
<tr><td>Manjushree Finance</td><td>1,351,552</td><td>1,351,553</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>ICFC Finance</td><td>1,183,470</td><td>1,183,470</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Reliance Finance</td><td>1,121,452</td><td>1,121,452</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Pokhara Finance</td><td>1,082,556</td><td>1,082,556</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Guheshowori Merchant</td><td>1,012,176</td><td>1,012,176</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Shree Investment</td><td>981,683</td><td>981,683</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Central Finance</td><td>948,875</td><td>948,875</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Goodwill Finance</td><td>946,115</td><td>946,115</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Best Finance</td><td>890,424</td><td>854,816</td><td>4.17%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Gurkhas Finance</td><td>867,993</td><td>867,993</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Progressive Finance</td><td>848,106</td><td>848,106</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Nepal Finance</td><td>729,906</td><td>729,502</td><td>0.06%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Janaki Finance</td><td>690,472</td><td>690,472</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Multipurpose Finance</td><td>610,200</td><td>610,200</td><td>0.00%</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Total</strong></td><td><strong>13,264,980</strong></td><td><strong>13,228,969</strong></td><td><strong>0.27%</strong></td></tr>
</table>
<!-- Reserves Table -->
<h1>Reserves Of Finance (First Qtr, 2081-82)</h1>
<table id="reservesTable">
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>First Qtr, 2081/82</th>
<th>First Qtr, 2080/81</th>
<th>Diff</th>
</tr>
<tr><td>Goodwill Finance</td><td>1,398,374</td><td>1,413,248</td><td>-1.05%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Gurkhas Finance</td><td>993,793</td><td>969,587</td><td>2.50%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Manjushree Finance</td><td>847,815</td><td>757,301</td><td>11.95%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Pokhara Finance</td><td>780,875</td><td>597,694</td><td>30.65%</td></tr>
<tr><td>ICFC Finance</td><td>751,200</td><td>4,943</td><td>15097.25%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Best Finance</td><td>559,171</td><td>542,166</td><td>3.14%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Nepal Finance</td><td>461,370</td><td>428,318</td><td>7.72%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Guheshowori Merchant</td><td>455,719</td><td>390,777</td><td>16.62%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Central Finance</td><td>438,774</td><td>225,776</td><td>94.34%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Janaki Finance</td><td>430,911</td><td>298,696</td><td>44.26%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Reliance Finance</td><td>422,694</td><td>325,729</td><td>29.77%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Shree Investment</td><td>389,675</td><td>339,761</td><td>14.69%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Progressive Finance</td><td>229,906</td><td>121,725</td><td>88.87%</td></tr>
<tr><td>Multipurpose Finance</td><td>66,114</td><td>63,159</td><td>4.68%</td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>Total</strong></td><td><strong>8,226,391</strong></td><td><strong>6,478,880</strong></td><td><strong>26.97%</strong></td></tr>
</table>
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alert("PDF Download not yet implemented.");
}
function downloadImage() {
// JPEG download functionality here
alert("JPEG Download not yet implemented.");
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
GLOWING NAV BAR WITH DROPDOWN MENU HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT
Introduction
In modern web design, a well-crafted navigation bar is essential for creating a seamless user experience. This advanced animated navigation bar incorporates interactive elements and visually appealing effects to engage users and enhance the overall aesthetic of a website. Designed with both functionality and style in mind, this navigation bar serves as an effective tool for site navigation while providing a modern look and feel.
Features
- Responsive Design: The navigation bar adapts seamlessly to various screen sizes, ensuring optimal usability on both desktop and mobile devices. It transforms into a vertical layout on smaller screens for easier access.
- Glowing Hover Effects: Menu items feature a glowing effect upon hovering, making them more engaging and encouraging user interaction. This visual feedback helps users understand which item they are selecting.
- Dropdown Menus: The navigation bar includes dropdown menus for services and profile options, allowing for easy access to additional features without cluttering the main navigation.
- Submenus: Each dropdown menu has submenus, providing even more options while maintaining a clean interface. Users can navigate easily to favorites, recent items, and settings.
- Icon Integration: Font Awesome icons are integrated into the menu items, enhancing the visual appeal and helping users quickly identify the purpose of each link.
- Search Functionality: A dedicated search bar allows users to search for content directly from the navigation bar, improving accessibility.
- Active Link Highlighting: The current active menu item is visually distinguished to guide users on their navigation journey.
Technologies Used
- HTML: The structure of the navigation bar is built using HTML, providing a semantic layout for easy understanding and accessibility.
- CSS: Advanced CSS techniques are employed for styling the navigation bar, including animations, transitions, and responsive design principles. The CSS Flexbox model is utilized for alignment and spacing.
- JavaScript (Optional): While this implementation doesn’t include JavaScript, it can easily be enhanced with JavaScript for dynamic functionalities, such as expanding dropdowns or adding event listeners for additional interactivity.
- Font Awesome: This library is used to include various icons, enriching the user interface with visual cues.
Effects
- Smooth Transitions: CSS transitions are applied for hover effects, enabling a smooth visual change when users interact with menu items.
- Glowing Effect: The navigation bar emits a soft glow when hovered over, adding a modern and sophisticated touch.
- Scale and Color Changes: Menu items scale slightly and change color when hovered, providing tactile feedback that improves the user experience.
- Dropdown Animation: Dropdown menus smoothly appear and disappear with opacity and max-height transitions, creating a polished interaction.
Graphics
- Dark Theme: The navigation bar features a dark background, providing contrast against the text and icons, enhancing readability while creating a sleek, modern appearance.
- Rounded Corners: The use of rounded borders softens the design and contributes to a more friendly user interface.
- Iconography: The integration of Font Awesome icons not only beautifies the navigation bar but also helps convey meaning and intent for each menu item quickly.
- Color Scheme: The use of teal and white colors adds vibrancy to the interface while maintaining a professional look.
SOURCE CODE
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Advanced Animated Navigation Bar</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.0.0-beta3/css/all.min.css">
<style>
/* Basic Reset */
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
/* Body Styling */
body {
font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
background-color: #121212;
color: #fff;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
overflow: hidden;
}
/* Navigation Bar Styling */
nav {
background-color: #1e1e1e;
padding: 15px 25px;
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease;
width: 90%;
}
/* Glowing Effect on Hover */
nav:hover {
box-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(0, 255, 255, 0.5),
0 0 30px rgba(0, 255, 255, 0.3),
0 0 40px rgba(0, 255, 255, 0.2);
}
/* Logo Styling */
.logo {
font-size: 26px;
font-weight: bold;
color: #0ff;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 10px;
}
.logo i {
color: #0ff;
font-size: 32px;
}
/* Search Bar Styling */
.search-bar {
position: relative;
width: 300px;
}
.search-bar input[type="text"] {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px 15px;
border: none;
border-radius: 25px;
outline: none;
transition: width 0.4s ease;
background-color: #333;
color: #fff;
padding-left: 45px;
}
/* Search Icon */
.search-bar .icon {
position: absolute;
left: 15px;
top: 50%;
transform: translateY(-50%);
color: #fff;
}
/* Navigation Menu Styling */
.menu {
display: flex;
gap: 25px;
}
/* Menu Links Styling */
.menu a {
color: #fff;
text-decoration: none;
font-size: 18px;
padding: 10px 20px;
position: relative;
transition: color 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 8px;
border-radius: 5px;
}
/* Active and Hover Effect */
.menu a:hover, .menu a.active {
color: #0ff;
background-color: rgba(0, 255, 255, 0.2);
transform: scale(1.05);
}
/* Glowing Underline Effect */
.menu a::after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
height: 3px;
background-color: #0ff;
bottom: -5px;
left: 0;
transform: scaleX(0);
transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}
.menu a:hover::after {
transform: scaleX(1);
}
/* Dropdown Menu */
.dropdown {
position: relative;
}
.dropdown-content {
display: none;
position: absolute;
background-color: #333;
top: 40px;
min-width: 220px;
border-radius: 5px;
overflow: hidden;
box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
opacity: 0;
max-height: 0;
transition: max-height 0.5s ease, opacity 0.3s ease;
z-index: -1;
}
.dropdown-content a {
color: #fff;
padding: 12px 16px;
text-decoration: none;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 10px;
transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}
.dropdown-content a:hover {
background-color: #444;
}
/* Hover Effect for Dropdown */
.dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {
display: block;
opacity: 1;
max-height: 300px;
z-index: 1;
}
/* Profile Dropdown */
.profile-dropdown {
position: relative;
cursor: pointer;
}
.profile-dropdown-content {
display: none;
position: absolute;
background-color: #333;
top: 40px;
min-width: 220px;
border-radius: 5px;
overflow: hidden;
box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
opacity: 0;
max-height: 0;
transition: max-height 0.5s ease, opacity 0.3s ease;
z-index: -1;
}
.profile-dropdown:hover .profile-dropdown-content {
display: block;
opacity: 1;
max-height: 300px;
z-index: 1;
}
.profile-dropdown-content a {
color: #fff;
padding: 12px 16px;
text-decoration: none;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 10px;
transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
position: relative;
}
.profile-dropdown-content a:hover {
background-color: #444;
}
/* Submenu styling */
.profile-dropdown-content .submenu {
display: none;
position: absolute;
left: 220px;
top: 0;
background-color: #444;
border-radius: 5px;
overflow: hidden;
min-width: 180px;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.profile-dropdown-content a:hover .submenu {
display: block;
}
.submenu a {
padding: 10px;
font-size: 14px;
color: #ddd;
transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}
.submenu a:hover {
background-color: #666;
}
/* Profile Icon */
.profile-icon {
font-size: 28px;
color: #fff;
transition: color 0.3s ease;
}
.profile-icon:hover {
color: #0ff;
}
/* Responsive Styles */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
nav {
flex-direction: column;
align-items: flex-start;
}
.menu {
flex-direction: column;
gap: 10px;
width: 100%;
}
.search-bar {
width: 100%;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.search-bar input[type="text"] {
padding-left: 20px;
}
.profile-dropdown-content,
.dropdown-content {
min-width: 100%;
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Navigation Bar -->
<nav>
<div class="logo">
<i class="fas fa-globe"></i> <span>MyWebsite 🌐</span>
</div>
<!-- Search Bar -->
<div class="search-bar">
<span class="icon"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></span>
<input type="text" placeholder="Search...">
</div>
<div class="menu">
<a href="#" class="nav-link active"><i class="fas fa-home"></i> Home 🏠</a>
<a href="#" class="nav-link"><i class="fas fa-info-circle"></i> About 📘</a>
<div class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="nav-link"><i class="fas fa-cogs"></i> Services 🛠️</a>
<div class="dropdown-content">
<a href="#"><i class="fas fa-code"></i> Web Development 🌐</a>
<a href="#"><i class="fas fa-mobile-alt"></i> App Development 📱</a>
<a href="#"><i class="fas fa-bullhorn"></i> Marketing 📈</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="profile-dropdown">
<a href="#" class="nav-link"><i class="fas fa-user-circle profile-icon"></i> Profile 👤</a>
<div class="profile-dropdown-content">
<a href="#"><i class="fas fa-tachometer-alt"></i> Dashboard 📊</a>
<a href="#"><i class="fas fa-bookmark"></i> Bookmarks 📚</a>
<div class="submenu">
<a href="#">Favorites ❤️</a>
<a href="#">Recent 📅</a>
</div>
<a href="#"><i class="fas fa-cog"></i> Settings ⚙️</a>
<div class="dropdown-content">
<a href="#"><i class="fas fa-user-cog"></i> Account Settings 🛠️</a>
<a href="#"><i class="fas fa-bell"></i> Notifications 🔔</a>
<a href="#"><i class="fas fa-question-circle"></i> Help ❓</a>
</div>
<a href="#"><i class="fas fa-sign-out-alt"></i> Logout 🔓</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
</body>
</html>
DOWNLOAD CODE
CATCH THE FALLING OBJECT CODE HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Catch the Falling Objects Game</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; }
body { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; height: 100vh; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background: #2c3e50; }
#gameContainer { position: relative; width: 400px; height: 600px; background: #ecf0f1; border: 2px solid #34495e; overflow: hidden; }
#basket { position: absolute; width: 60px; height: 30px; bottom: 10px; background: #e74c3c; border-radius: 10px; }
.fallingObject { position: absolute; width: 30px; height: 30px; background: #f1c40f; border-radius: 50%; }
#scoreDisplay { position: absolute; top: 10px; left: 10px; color: #34495e; font-size: 18px; }
#gameOver { display: none; position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); color: #34495e; font-size: 24px; text-align: center; }
#gameOver button { padding: 10px 20px; background: #3498db; color: white; border: none; border-radius: 5px; cursor: pointer; }
#gameOver button:hover { background: #2980b9; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="gameContainer">
<div id="basket"></div>
<div id="scoreDisplay">Score: 0</div>
<div id="gameOver">
<p>Game Over!</p>
<p>Your Score: <span id="finalScore">0</span></p>
<button onclick="startGame()">Play Again</button>
</div>
</div>
<script>
const basket = document.getElementById("basket");
const gameContainer = document.getElementById("gameContainer");
const scoreDisplay = document.getElementById("scoreDisplay");
const gameOverScreen = document.getElementById("gameOver");
const finalScore = document.getElementById("finalScore");
let basketPosition = gameContainer.offsetWidth / 2 - basket.offsetWidth / 2;
let score = 0;
let fallingObjects = [];
let gameInterval;
let spawnInterval;
let gameRunning = false;
function startGame() {
gameOverScreen.style.display = "none";
score = 0;
updateScore();
fallingObjects.forEach(obj => gameContainer.removeChild(obj));
fallingObjects = [];
gameRunning = true;
basket.style.left = `${basketPosition}px`;
gameInterval = setInterval(updateGame, 20);
spawnInterval = setInterval(createFallingObject, 1000);
}
function endGame() {
gameRunning = false;
clearInterval(gameInterval);
clearInterval(spawnInterval);
gameOverScreen.style.display = "block";
finalScore.innerText = score;
}
function updateScore() {
scoreDisplay.innerText = `Score: ${score}`;
}
function createFallingObject() {
const obj = document.createElement("div");
obj.classList.add("fallingObject");
obj.style.left = `${Math.random() * (gameContainer.offsetWidth - 30)}px`;
obj.style.top = "0px";
gameContainer.appendChild(obj);
fallingObjects.push(obj);
}
function updateGame() {
fallingObjects.forEach((obj, index) => {
obj.style.top = `${obj.offsetTop + 5}px`;
if (obj.offsetTop + obj.offsetHeight > gameContainer.offsetHeight) {
endGame();
}
const basketRect = basket.getBoundingClientRect();
const objRect = obj.getBoundingClientRect();
if (
basketRect.left < objRect.left + objRect.width &&
basketRect.left + basketRect.width > objRect.left &&
basketRect.top < objRect.top + objRect.height &&
basketRect.height + basketRect.top > objRect.top
) {
gameContainer.removeChild(obj);
fallingObjects.splice(index, 1);
score++;
updateScore();
}
});
}
document.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => {
if (gameRunning) {
if (e.key === "ArrowLeft" && basketPosition > 0) {
basketPosition -= 20;
} else if (e.key === "ArrowRight" && basketPosition < gameContainer.offsetWidth - basket.offsetWidth) {
basketPosition += 20;
}
basket.style.left = `${basketPosition}px`;
}
});
startGame();
</script>
</body>
</html>
Whack-a-Mole Game GAME CODE HTML CSS AND JAVASCRIPT
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Whack-a-Mole Game</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; }
body { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; height: 100vh; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background: #222; color: #fff; flex-direction: column; }
#gameContainer { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 100px); gap: 10px; margin-top: 20px; }
.hole { width: 100px; height: 100px; background: #333; position: relative; border-radius: 10px; overflow: hidden; }
.mole { width: 80px; height: 80px; background: #e74c3c; border-radius: 50%; position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); transition: all 0.2s ease; cursor: pointer; box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.8); }
.hole.active .mole { top: 10px; }
#scoreboard, #timer, #level { font-size: 18px; margin: 10px 0; }
.level-button { background: #3498db; border: none; padding: 10px 20px; color: white; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 5px; margin: 5px; }
.level-button:hover { background: #2980b9; }
#startButton { background: #27ae60; border: none; padding: 10px 20px; color: white; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 5px; margin-top: 10px; }
#startButton:hover { background: #2ecc71; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Whack-a-Mole Game</h1>
<div id="scoreboard">Score: 0</div>
<div id="timer">Time: 30</div>
<div id="level">Level: <button class="level-button" onclick="setLevel(1)">Easy</button> <button class="level-button" onclick="setLevel(2)">Medium</button> <button class="level-button" onclick="setLevel(3)">Hard</button></div>
<button id="startButton" onclick="startGame()">Start Game</button>
<div id="gameContainer">
<div class="hole"><div class="mole"></div></div>
<div class="hole"><div class="mole"></div></div>
<div class="hole"><div class="mole"></div></div>
<div class="hole"><div class="mole"></div></div>
<div class="hole"><div class="mole"></div></div>
<div class="hole"><div class="mole"></div></div>
<div class="hole"><div class="mole"></div></div>
<div class="hole"><div class="mole"></div></div>
<div class="hole"><div class="mole"></div></div>
</div>
<script>
let score = 0;
let timeLeft = 30;
let level = 1;
let gameInterval;
let moleInterval;
function setLevel(selectedLevel) {
level = selectedLevel;
document.getElementById("level").innerText = `Level: ${level === 1 ? 'Easy' : level === 2 ? 'Medium' : 'Hard'}`;
}
function startGame() {
score = 0;
timeLeft = 30;
updateScore();
updateTime();
clearInterval(gameInterval);
clearInterval(moleInterval);
document.getElementById("startButton").disabled = true;
gameInterval = setInterval(() => {
timeLeft--;
updateTime();
if (timeLeft <= 0) {
endGame();
}
}, 1000);
moleInterval = setInterval(showMole, level === 1 ? 1200 : level === 2 ? 800 : 500);
}
function showMole() {
const holes = document.querySelectorAll(".hole");
holes.forEach(hole => hole.classList.remove("active"));
const randomHole = holes[Math.floor(Math.random() * holes.length)];
randomHole.classList.add("active");
randomHole.querySelector(".mole").onclick = hitMole;
}
function hitMole() {
score++;
updateScore();
this.parentElement.classList.remove("active");
}
function updateScore() {
document.getElementById("scoreboard").innerText = `Score: ${score}`;
}
function updateTime() {
document.getElementById("timer").innerText = `Time: ${timeLeft}`;
}
function endGame() {
clearInterval(gameInterval);
clearInterval(moleInterval);
document.getElementById("startButton").disabled = false;
alert(`Game Over! Your final score is ${score}.`);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
SPACE SHOOTER GAME CODE
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Space Shooter Game</title>
<style>
* { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; }
body, html { height: 100%; overflow: hidden; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; background: #000; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: white; }
canvas { background-color: #222; border: 2px solid #fff; }
.scoreboard { position: absolute; top: 10px; left: 10px; font-size: 1.2em; color: #fff; }
.game-over { position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); text-align: center; color: #ff4c4c; display: none; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="scoreboard">Score: <span id="score">0</span></div>
<div class="game-over" id="gameOver">
<h1>Game Over</h1>
<p>Your score: <span id="finalScore"></span></p>
<button onclick="restartGame()">Restart</button>
</div>
<canvas id="gameCanvas" width="500" height="700"></canvas>
<script>
const canvas = document.getElementById('gameCanvas');
const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
let score = 0;
let gameInterval, enemySpawnInterval;
let isGameOver = false;
class Player {
constructor() {
this.width = 50;
this.height = 60;
this.x = canvas.width / 2 - this.width / 2;
this.y = canvas.height - this.height - 10;
this.speed = 5;
this.lasers = [];
}
draw() {
ctx.fillStyle = '#00f';
ctx.fillRect(this.x, this.y, this.width, this.height);
}
moveLeft() {
this.x = Math.max(this.x - this.speed, 0);
}
moveRight() {
this.x = Math.min(this.x + this.speed, canvas.width - this.width);
}
shoot() {
const laser = new Laser(this.x + this.width / 2 - 2.5, this.y);
this.lasers.push(laser);
}
update() {
this.draw();
this.lasers.forEach((laser, index) => {
laser.update();
if (laser.y < 0) this.lasers.splice(index, 1);
});
}
}
class Laser {
constructor(x, y) {
this.width = 5;
this.height = 20;
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.speed = 10;
}
draw() {
ctx.fillStyle = '#0f0';
ctx.fillRect(this.x, this.y, this.width, this.height);
}
update() {
this.y -= this.speed;
this.draw();
}
}
class Enemy {
constructor(x, y, speed) {
this.width = 40;
this.height = 40;
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.speed = speed;
}
draw() {
ctx.fillStyle = '#f00';
ctx.fillRect(this.x, this.y, this.width, this.height);
}
update() {
this.y += this.speed;
this.draw();
}
}
const player = new Player();
const enemies = [];
function spawnEnemy() {
const x = Math.random() * (canvas.width - 40);
const speed = Math.random() * 2 + 1;
enemies.push(new Enemy(x, 0, speed));
}
function gameLoop() {
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
if (isGameOver) return;
player.update();
enemies.forEach((enemy, enemyIndex) => {
enemy.update();
if (enemy.y + enemy.height > canvas.height) {
endGame();
}
player.lasers.forEach((laser, laserIndex) => {
if (laser.x < enemy.x + enemy.width &&
laser.x + laser.width > enemy.x &&
laser.y < enemy.y + enemy.height &&
laser.y + laser.height > enemy.y) {
setTimeout(() => {
player.lasers.splice(laserIndex, 1);
enemies.splice(enemyIndex, 1);
score++;
document.getElementById('score').innerText = score;
}, 0);
}
});
if (enemy.x < player.x + player.width &&
enemy.x + enemy.width > player.x &&
enemy.y < player.y + player.height &&
enemy.y + enemy.height > player.y) {
endGame();
}
});
}
function startGame() {
isGameOver = false;
score = 0;
document.getElementById('score').innerText = score;
document.getElementById('gameOver').style.display = 'none';
enemies.length = 0;
player.lasers.length = 0;
gameInterval = setInterval(gameLoop, 1000 / 60);
enemySpawnInterval = setInterval(spawnEnemy, 1000);
}
function endGame() {
clearInterval(gameInterval);
clearInterval(enemySpawnInterval);
isGameOver = true;
document.getElementById('gameOver').style.display = 'block';
document.getElementById('finalScore').innerText = score;
}
function restartGame() {
startGame();
}
document.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
if (isGameOver) return;
if (e.key === 'ArrowLeft') player.moveLeft();
if (e.key === 'ArrowRight') player.moveRight();
if (e.key === ' ') player.shoot();
});
startGame();
</script>
</body>
</html>
CODE FOR SPACE SHOOTER GAME HTML ,CSS AND JAVASCRIPT
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Enhanced 3D Space Shooter Game</title>
<style>
body {
margin: 0;
overflow: hidden;
background: black;
}
canvas {
display: block;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
}
#score {
position: absolute;
color: white;
font-size: 24px;
top: 10px;
left: 10px;
}
#gameOver {
position: absolute;
color: red;
font-size: 48px;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
display: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="score">Score: 0</div>
<div id="gameOver">Game Over</div>
<canvas id="gameCanvas"></canvas>
<script>
const canvas = document.getElementById('gameCanvas');
const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
canvas.width = window.innerWidth;
canvas.height = window.innerHeight;
// Game variables
let score = 0;
let bullets = [];
let enemies = [];
let powerUps = [];
let player = {
x: canvas.width / 2 - 25,
y: canvas.height - 60,
width: 50,
height: 50,
color: 'blue',
health: 3
};
let gameOver = false;
let enemyFallingSpeed = 2;
let enemySpawnRate = 100; // milliseconds
let enemySpawnTimer = 0;
// Event Listeners
document.addEventListener('mousemove', (event) => {
player.x = event.clientX - player.width / 2;
});
document.addEventListener('click', () => {
shootBullet();
});
// Functions
function shootBullet() {
bullets.push({x: player.x + player.width / 2 - 2.5, y: player.y, width: 5, height: 20, color: 'yellow'});
}
function spawnEnemies() {
if (Math.random() < 0.02) {
const x = Math.random() * (canvas.width - 50);
enemies.push({x: x, y: 0, width: 50, height: 50, color: 'red'});
}
}
function spawnPowerUps() {
if (Math.random() < 0.01) {
const x = Math.random() * (canvas.width - 50);
powerUps.push({x: x, y: 0, width: 30, height: 30, color: 'green', type: 'health'});
}
}
function update() {
if (gameOver) return;
// Update bullets
bullets.forEach((bullet, index) => {
bullet.y -= 5;
if (bullet.y < 0) {
bullets.splice(index, 1);
}
});
// Update enemies
enemies.forEach((enemy, index) => {
enemy.y += enemyFallingSpeed;
if (enemy.y > canvas.height) {
enemies.splice(index, 1);
player.health -= 1; // Lose health if enemy falls
if (player.health <= 0) {
gameOver = true;
document.getElementById('gameOver').style.display = 'block';
}
}
// Check collision with bullets
bullets.forEach((bullet, bulletIndex) => {
if (bullet.x < enemy.x + enemy.width &&
bullet.x + bullet.width > enemy.x &&
bullet.y < enemy.y + enemy.height &&
bullet.y + bullet.height > enemy.y) {
enemies.splice(index, 1);
bullets.splice(bulletIndex, 1);
score += 20; // Gain score for hitting enemy
}
});
});
// Update power-ups
powerUps.forEach((powerUp, index) => {
powerUp.y += 3;
if (powerUp.y > canvas.height) {
powerUps.splice(index, 1);
}
// Check collision with player
if (powerUp.x < player.x + player.width &&
powerUp.x + powerUp.width > player.x &&
powerUp.y < player.y + player.height &&
powerUp.y + powerUp.height > player.y) {
powerUps.splice(index, 1);
player.health = Math.min(player.health + 1, 5); // Gain health
}
});
// Draw everything
draw();
}
function draw() {
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
ctx.fillStyle = player.color;
ctx.fillRect(player.x, player.y, player.width, player.height);
bullets.forEach(bullet => {
ctx.fillStyle = bullet.color;
ctx.fillRect(bullet.x, bullet.y, bullet.width, bullet.height);
});
enemies.forEach(enemy => {
ctx.fillStyle = enemy.color;
ctx.fillRect(enemy.x, enemy.y, enemy.width, enemy.height);
});
powerUps.forEach(powerUp => {
ctx.fillStyle = powerUp.color;
ctx.fillRect(powerUp.x, powerUp.y, powerUp.width, powerUp.height);
});
document.getElementById('score').innerText = 'Score: ' + score;
document.getElementById('score').innerText += ' | Health: ' + player.health;
}
function gameLoop() {
if (gameOver) return;
enemySpawnTimer += 16; // Assuming 60 FPS
if (enemySpawnTimer >= enemySpawnRate) {
spawnEnemies();
enemySpawnTimer = 0;
}
spawnPowerUps();
update();
requestAnimationFrame(gameLoop);
}
// Start the game
gameLoop();
</script>
</body>
</html>
CODE FOR CREATING OWN OPERATING SYSTEM
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Enhanced Desktop App</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 20px;
background: url('https://example.com/background.jpg') no-repeat center center fixed;
background-size: cover;
transition: background 0.5s ease;
}
h1 {
text-align: center;
color: #fff;
}
#clock {
font-size: 2em;
color: #fff;
text-align: center;
animation: fadeIn 1s;
}
#weather, #todo, #music, #calendar, #ticTacToe, #stickyNotes, #pomodoro {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
padding: 15px;
margin: 10px 0;
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
animation: slideIn 0.5s;
}
button {
cursor: pointer;
padding: 10px;
margin: 5px;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #007BFF;
color: white;
transition: background-color 0.3s;
}
button:hover {
background-color: #0056b3;
}
.game-cell {
width: 60px;
height: 60px;
display: inline-block;
border: 1px solid #000;
line-height: 60px;
text-align: center;
font-size: 2em;
transition: background-color 0.3s;
}
.game-cell:hover {
background-color: #f0f0f0;
}
.sticky-note {
position: absolute;
width: 150px;
height: 150px;
background-color: #FFD700;
border: 1px solid #FFD700;
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 10px;
cursor: move;
transition: transform 0.3s;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}
@keyframes fadeIn {
from { opacity: 0; }
to { opacity: 1; }
}
@keyframes slideIn {
from { transform: translateY(-30px); opacity: 0; }
to { transform: translateY(0); opacity: 1; }
}
/* Dark theme styles */
.dark-theme {
background: #333;
color: #fff;
}
/* Countdown Timer */
#countdown {
font-size: 2em;
color: #fff;
margin-top: 20px;
}
#themeSelector {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
margin: 20px 0;
}
#themeSelector select {
padding: 10px;
border-radius: 5px;
border: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Enhanced Desktop Application</h1>
<div id="clock"></div>
<div id="weather">
<h2>Weather</h2>
<p id="temperature">Loading...</p>
<p id="condition"></p>
</div>
<div id="todo">
<h2>To-Do List</h2>
<input type="text" id="taskInput" placeholder="New Task" />
<button onclick="addTask()">Add Task</button>
<ul id="taskList"></ul>
</div>
<div id="music">
<h2>Music Player</h2>
<input type="file" id="musicInput" accept="audio/*" />
<button onclick="addMusic()">Add Music</button>
<ul id="musicList"></ul>
<button onclick="playPlaylist()">Play Playlist</button>
</div>
<div id="calendar">
<h2>Calendar</h2>
<button onclick="changeMonth(-1)">❮</button>
<button onclick="changeMonth(1)">❯</button>
<div id="calendarDisplay"></div>
</div>
<div id="ticTacToe">
<h2>Tic Tac Toe</h2>
<div id="ticTacToeBoard"></div>
<div id="scoreboard">
<p id="scoreX">X: 0</p>
<p id="scoreO">O: 0</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="stickyNotes">
<h2>Sticky Notes</h2>
<button onclick="createStickyNote()">New Note</button>
</div>
<div id="pomodoro">
<h2>Pomodoro Timer</h2>
<div id="pomodoroTime">25:00</div>
<button onclick="startPomodoro()">Start</button>
<button onclick="stopPomodoro()">Stop</button>
<button onclick="resetPomodoro()">Reset</button>
</div>
<div id="countdown">
<h2>Countdown Timer</h2>
<input type="number" id="countdownInput" placeholder="Minutes" />
<button onclick="startCountdown()">Start Countdown</button>
<div id="countdownDisplay"></div>
</div>
<div id="themeSelector">
<label for="theme">Select Theme: </label>
<select id="theme" onchange="changeTheme()">
<option value="light">Light</option>
<option value="dark">Dark</option>
</select>
</div>
<script>
// Clock
function updateClock() {
const now = new Date();
document.getElementById('clock').textContent = now.toLocaleTimeString();
}
// Weather
async function getWeather() {
const response = await fetch('https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=Kathmandu&appid=YOUR_API_KEY&units=metric');
const data = await response.json();
document.getElementById('temperature').textContent = data.main.temp + ' °C';
document.getElementById('condition').textContent = data.weather[0].description;
}
// Calendar
let currentMonth = new Date().getMonth();
let currentYear = new Date().getFullYear();
function displayCalendar() {
const calendarDisplay = document.getElementById('calendarDisplay');
const daysInMonth = new Date(currentYear, currentMonth + 1, 0).getDate();
const firstDay = new Date(currentYear, currentMonth, 1).getDay();
calendarDisplay.innerHTML = '';
for (let i = 0; i < firstDay; i++) {
calendarDisplay.innerHTML += '<div class="day"></div>';
}
for (let day = 1; day <= daysInMonth; day++) {
calendarDisplay.innerHTML += `<div class="day">${day}</div>`;
}
}
function changeMonth(direction) {
currentMonth += direction;
if (currentMonth < 0) {
currentMonth = 11;
currentYear--;
} else if (currentMonth > 11) {
currentMonth = 0;
currentYear++;
}
displayCalendar();
}
displayCalendar();
// Tic-Tac-Toe Game
let board = ['', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', ''];
let currentPlayer = 'X';
let scoreX = 0;
let scoreO = 0;
function renderBoard() {
const ticTacToeBoard = document.getElementById('ticTacToeBoard');
ticTacToeBoard.innerHTML = '';
board.forEach((cell, index) => {
const div = document.createElement('div');
div.classList.add('game-cell');
div.textContent = cell;
div.onclick = () => handleCellClick(index);
ticTacToeBoard.appendChild(div);
});
}
function handleCellClick(index) {
if (!board[index]) {
board[index] = currentPlayer;
if (checkWinner(currentPlayer)) {
alert(`${currentPlayer} wins!`);
if (currentPlayer === 'X') scoreX++;
else scoreO++;
document.getElementById('scoreX').textContent = `X: ${scoreX}`;
document.getElementById('scoreO').textContent = `O: ${scoreO}`;
resetGame();
} else if (board.every(cell => cell)) {
alert('It\'s a draw!');
resetGame();
} else {
currentPlayer = currentPlayer === 'X' ? 'O' : 'X';
}
renderBoard();
}
}
function checkWinner(player) {
const winningCombinations = [
[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8], // horizontal
[0, 3, 6], [1, 4, 7], [2, 5, 8], // vertical
[0, 4, 8], [2, 4, 6] // diagonal
];
return winningCombinations.some(combination => {
return combination.every(index => board[index] === player);
});
}
function resetGame() {
board = ['', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', ''];
currentPlayer = 'X';
renderBoard();
}
renderBoard();
// To-Do List
function addTask() {
const taskInput = document.getElementById('taskInput');
const task = taskInput.value;
if (task) {
const li = document.createElement('li');
li.textContent = task;
document.getElementById('taskList').appendChild(li);
taskInput.value = '';
}
}
// Music Playlist
function addMusic() {
const musicInput = document.getElementById('musicInput');
const file = musicInput.files[0];
if (file) {
const li = document.createElement('li');
li.textContent = file.name;
document.getElementById('musicList').appendChild(li);
// Optional: Add functionality to play music
}
}
function playPlaylist() {
const musicList = document.getElementById('musicList').children;
// Functionality to play music can be implemented here
alert('Playing playlist...');
}
// Sticky Notes
function createStickyNote() {
const note = document.createElement('div');
note.className = 'sticky-note';
note.contentEditable = true;
note.style.top = Math.random() * 300 + 'px';
note.style.left = Math.random() * 300 + 'px';
note.ondragstart = (event) => event.preventDefault();
note.ondragend = (event) => {
note.style.top = (event.clientY - 75) + 'px';
note.style.left = (event.clientX - 75) + 'px';
};
document.body.appendChild(note);
}
// Pomodoro Timer
let pomodoroInterval;
let pomodoroTime = 1500; // 25 minutes
function startPomodoro() {
pomodoroInterval = setInterval(() => {
pomodoroTime--;
updatePomodoroDisplay();
if (pomodoroTime <= 0) {
clearInterval(pomodoroInterval);
alert('Pomodoro finished!');
resetPomodoro();
}
}, 1000);
}
function stopPomodoro() {
clearInterval(pomodoroInterval);
}
function resetPomodoro() {
pomodoroTime = 1500;
updatePomodoroDisplay();
}
function updatePomodoroDisplay() {
const minutes = Math.floor(pomodoroTime / 60);
const seconds = pomodoroTime % 60;
document.getElementById('pomodoroTime').textContent = `${minutes}:${seconds < 10 ? '0' : ''}${seconds}`;
}
// Countdown Timer
function startCountdown() {
const minutes = document.getElementById('countdownInput').value;
let countdownTime = minutes * 60;
const countdownDisplay = document.getElementById('countdownDisplay');
countdownDisplay.textContent = `${minutes}:00`;
const countdownInterval = setInterval(() => {
countdownTime--;
const displayMinutes = Math.floor(countdownTime / 60);
const displaySeconds = countdownTime % 60;
countdownDisplay.textContent = `${displayMinutes}:${displaySeconds < 10 ? '0' : ''}${displaySeconds}`;
if (countdownTime <= 0) {
clearInterval(countdownInterval);
alert('Countdown finished!');
}
}, 1000);
}
// Theme Selector
function changeTheme() {
const theme = document.getElementById('theme').value;
document.body.className = theme === 'dark' ? 'dark-theme' : '';
}
// Initial Calls
setInterval(updateClock, 1000);
getWeather();
</script>
</body>
</html>
HTML , CSS AND JAVASCRIPT CODE FOR PERSONAL PORTFOLIO
This code represents an advanced and interactive personal portfolio website for a web developer, designed to showcase their skills, projects, and contact information. Key elements and features include:
- Header with Navigation:
- The header has a dynamic navigation menu with links to sections like Home, About, Projects, Skills, and Contact.
- Links have a glowing effect on hover, using a golden color for a modern touch.
- 3D and Glowing Effects:
- Sections lift slightly when hovered, giving a 3D effect that adds depth and interactivity to the page.
- Project cards have a glowing golden border on hover, which enhances the visual appeal and interaction.
- Responsive Project Section:
- The Projects section displays six projects in a grid format with images and descriptions.
- Each project card features a zoom effect on the image when hovered, along with a background glow effect to make each project visually stand out.
- Skills Section:
- Displays skills as buttons that highlight and slightly grow on hover, showing core technologies like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and React.
- Contact Section with Social Links:
- Contains email and phone information as well as links to social profiles (e.g., LinkedIn, GitHub).
- Links are styled with hover effects for easy interaction.
- Footer:
- A footer includes copyright information, styled with the same gradient as the header to unify the page’s appearance.
- Responsive and Accessible Design:
- The layout is mobile-friendly, adjusting project cards and skill buttons to fit smaller screens.
- Fonts, colors, and hover effects are accessible and responsive, contributing to a smooth UI and UX.
- Overall Aesthetic and Modern Touches:
- Uses modern CSS techniques like gradients, box shadows, and transitions to create a polished and visually engaging website.
- The color scheme and effects (3D lift, glow, hover animations) create an advanced, professional, and interactive portfolio design.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Srijan Acharya - Web Developer Portfolio</title>
<style>
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
}
body {
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e0eafc, #cfdef3);
color: #333;
line-height: 1.6;
transition: background-color 0.3s;
perspective: 1000px; /* Added for 3D effect */
}
header {
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #007BFF, #0056b3);
color: white;
padding: 20px 0;
text-align: center;
box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
position: relative;
transform: translateZ(0);
transition: transform 0.3s;
}
header:hover {
transform: translateZ(10px); /* Header lift effect on hover */
}
header nav {
margin-top: 10px;
}
header nav a {
margin: 0 15px;
color: white;
text-decoration: none;
font-size: 1.2em;
transition: color 0.3s, text-shadow 0.3s;
}
header nav a:hover {
color: #ffd700; /* Golden color */
text-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(255, 215, 0, 0.7), 0 0 20px rgba(255, 215, 0, 0.5); /* Glowing effect */
}
h1 {
margin: 10px 0;
font-size: 2.5em;
text-shadow: 2px 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
transform: translateZ(0);
transition: transform 0.3s;
}
h1:hover {
transform: translateY(-5px); /* Hover effect on title */
}
h2 {
margin: 10px 0;
font-size: 1.8em;
}
section {
padding: 20px;
max-width: 900px;
margin: auto;
background: white;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
transform: translateZ(0);
transition: transform 0.3s;
}
section:hover {
transform: translateY(-5px); /* Lift effect on sections */
}
.contact-info {
font-size: 1.2em;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.socials {
margin-top: 10px;
}
.socials a {
margin: 0 15px;
color: #007BFF;
text-decoration: none;
font-size: 1.5em;
transition: color 0.3s;
}
.socials a:hover {
color: #0056b3;
}
.about {
margin-top: 30px;
padding: 20px;
background: #f8f8f8;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
transform: translateZ(0);
transition: transform 0.3s;
}
.projects {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: space-around;
margin-top: 20px;
}
.project {
width: calc(33% - 20px);
margin: 10px;
padding: 15px;
background: #f8f8f8;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
text-align: center;
transition: transform 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
border: 2px solid transparent;
}
.project img {
width: 100%;
height: auto;
border-radius: 8px;
transition: transform 0.3s;
}
.project:hover img {
transform: scale(1.1); /* Zoom effect on image hover */
}
.project h3 {
margin: 10px 0;
}
.project:hover {
transform: translateY(-5px);
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.6);
border-color: #ffd700; /* Golden border on hover */
}
.project::after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
background: rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.2);
opacity: 0;
transition: opacity 0.3s;
border-radius: 8px;
z-index: 1;
}
.project:hover::after {
opacity: 1;
}
.skills {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: center;
margin-top: 30px;
}
.skill {
background: #007BFF;
color: white;
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 10px;
margin: 5px;
font-size: 1em;
box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
transition: background 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
}
.skill:hover {
background: #0056b3;
transform: scale(1.05);
}
footer {
text-align: center;
padding: 20px;
margin-top: 20px;
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #007BFF, #0056b3);
color: white;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.project {
width: calc(50% - 20px);
}
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
.project {
width: 100%;
}
.skill {
flex: 1 1 100%;
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<header>
<h1>Srijan Acharya</h1>
<h2>Web Developer</h2>
<nav>
<a href="#about">About</a>
<a href="#projects">Projects</a>
<a href="#skills">Skills</a>
<a href="#contact">Contact</a>
</nav>
</header>
<section id="about" class="about">
<h2>About Me</h2>
<p>
I am a passionate web developer with experience in creating dynamic and responsive websites.
I have a strong foundation in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, and I love to build projects that solve real-world problems.
</p>
</section>
<section id="projects">
<h2>Projects</h2>
<div class="projects">
<div class="project">
<img src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRh--jVCN1FxGv7tkgtHWAmOgyprBghmyppSQ&s" alt="Project 1">
<h3>WEBSITE</h3>
<p> WORLD CLASS WEBSITE CAN BE BUILD</p>
</div>
<div class="project">
<img src="https://media.licdn.com/dms/image/v2/D4D12AQHYC_ZczxV2zw/article-cover_image-shrink_720_1280/article-cover_image-shrink_720_1280/0/1695524296879?e=2147483647&v=beta&t=rLMZ59ByIABpdPtfPZPZC65iXWG4zbht2eqKfWOdxRs" alt="Project 2">
<h3>GRAPHICS DESIGN</h3>
<p> QUALIFIED GRAPHICS DESIGNERS FOR YOU.</p>
</div>
<div class="project">
<img src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/VmekmH0QJMs/maxresdefault.jpg">
<h3> VIDEO EDITING </h3>
<p> BEST VIDEO EDITOR FOR YOU .</p>
</div>
<div class="project">
<img src="https://images.ctfassets.net/hzjmpv1aaorq/5HXWEnXDdy2ApxJmxatZ8D/ae24852a60c791fae04c21d9bf0046f2/US_100__15_.jpg?q=70" alt="Project 4">
<h3>TRADING </h3>
<p> MAXIMIZING YOUR PROFIT.</p>
</div>
<div class="project">
<img src="https://wallpapers.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Trends-in-Australian-Animation-Themed-Wallpapers.jpg" alt="Project 5">
<h3>ART </h3>
<p> CREATE BSET ART.</p>
</div>
<div class="project">
<img src="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283618158/figure/fig2/AS:832386325544964@1575467773833/Partial-animation-example-The-user-outlines-the-first-frame-of-a-cartoon-character-a.ppm" alt="Project 6">
<h3>ANIMATIONS</h3>
<p>MAKE YOUR PROJECT MORE INTERACITVE .</p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="skills">
<h2>Skills</h2>
<div class="skills">
<div class="skill">HTML</div>
<div class="skill">CSS</div>
<div class="skill">JavaScript</div>
<div class="skill">React</div>
<div class="skill">Node.js</div>
<div class="skill">Python</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="contact">
<h2>Contact Me</h2>
<div class="contact-info">
<p>Email: <a href="mailto:srijanacharya@example.com">srijanacharya@example.com</a></p>
<p>Phone: +977 9812345678</p>
</div>
<div class="socials">
<a href="#" target="_blank">LinkedIn</a>
<a href="#" target="_blank">GitHub</a>
</div>
</section>
<footer>
<p>© 2024 Srijan Acharya. All Rights Reserved.</p>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
NEPAL
Nepal, a landlocked country nestled in the Himalayas between India and China, is renowned for its stunning mountainous landscapes, including Mount Everest, the world’s highest peak. Nepal is culturally rich, with a deep heritage rooted in Hinduism and Buddhism, and is home to UNESCO World Heritage Sites like Lumbini (the birthplace of Buddha), Kathmandu Valley’s temples, and Bhaktapur’s ancient architecture.
Its economy is driven by agriculture, tourism, and remittances from its large expatriate community. Known for its vibrant festivals, warm hospitality, and rich traditions, Nepal is a captivating destination for trekkers, mountaineers, and cultural enthusiasts alike.
SMJC ANNOUNCE 5% BONUS SHARE
Sagarmatha Jalbidhyut Company Limited (SMJC) has proposed a 5% dividend for the fiscal year 2080/81. The board of directors has proposed a 4.75% bonus share and a 0.25% cash dividend, designed to cover taxes on the bonus shares. This proposal is based on the company’s existing paid-up capital of Rs. 1.12 Arba. Dividend distribution will proceed only after gaining approval from the Electricity Regulatory Commission and endorsement by the company’s upcoming AGM. As of writing, SMJC’s last traded price (LTP) is Rs. 578.40.
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SUDAN
1. Introduction
Sudan, located in northeastern Africa, is the third-largest country on the continent. It has a rich historical background, diverse culture, and a complex socio-political landscape that has been shaped by its history of colonialism, civil wars, and economic challenges.
2. History
Ancient to Medieval Era
- Ancient Kingdoms: Sudan was home to several ancient civilizations, including the Kingdom of Kush, which thrived around the Nile River from 1070 BC to 350 AD. The Kushites conquered Egypt and built pyramids at Napata and Meroë.
- Islamic Conquest: In the 7th century, Islam spread to Sudan, leading to the establishment of various Islamic sultanates, such as the Makurian and Alodia kingdoms, which existed until the 16th century.
Colonial Era
- British-Egyptian Rule: In the 19th century, Sudan came under the control of the Ottoman Empire and later the British-Egyptian condominium in 1899. This period saw the introduction of modern education, infrastructure, and agriculture but also fostered significant resentment among the local population.
Independence and Civil Conflicts
- Independence: Sudan gained independence in 1956 but soon faced internal conflicts, mainly between the north and south, leading to the First Sudanese Civil War (1955-1972).
- Second Civil War: The discovery of oil in the south exacerbated tensions, culminating in the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005), resulting in millions of deaths and displacements.
Recent History
- Darfur Conflict: The conflict in the Darfur region, which began in 2003, drew international attention due to widespread human rights abuses.
- South Sudan: In 2011, South Sudan gained independence after a referendum, but tensions remained high over oil resources and border disputes.
- Political Unrest: In 2019, mass protests led to the ousting of President Omar al-Bashir, who had ruled for nearly 30 years. A transitional government was established, but the country continues to face political instability and economic challenges.
3. Economy
Overview
Sudan’s economy has historically been based on agriculture, with significant contributions from the oil sector. However, the secession of South Sudan in 2011 resulted in the loss of three-quarters of oil production, significantly impacting the economy.
Key Economic Sectors
- Agriculture: Employs over 40% of the population and contributes significantly to GDP. Major crops include:
- Sorghum: A staple food crop.
- Wheat: Increasingly important for food security.
- Cotton: Historically a major cash crop, particularly in the Gezira Scheme.
- Livestock: Sudan has one of the largest livestock populations in Africa, with cattle, sheep, and goats.
- Oil and Gas: Before the loss of southern oil fields, Sudan was a significant oil producer. Efforts to develop oil fields in the north continue, but challenges remain.
- Mining: Gold mining has become increasingly important as the government seeks to diversify the economy. Sudan has rich mineral resources, including gold, which is now the leading export.
Economic Challenges
- Inflation: Sudan has experienced hyperinflation, particularly following the economic sanctions and loss of oil revenues.
- Foreign Debt: The country faces significant foreign debt and struggles to secure international financial assistance.
- Corruption: Corruption is widespread and hinders economic development, leading to mismanagement of resources and funds.
Major Imports and Exports
- Major Imported Goods:
- Machinery and Equipment: Essential for various sectors.
- Foodstuffs: Particularly wheat and other staple foods.
- Fuel and Chemicals: Necessary for industrial processes and agriculture.
- Major Exported Goods:
- Gold: The primary export commodity, overtaking oil in recent years.
- Agricultural Products: Including cotton, gum Arabic, and livestock.
- Oil: Although reduced since the split with South Sudan, it still contributes to export revenues.
4. Infrastructure
Major Highways
Sudan has a limited but improving transportation network. Major highways include:
- Khartoum to Port Sudan Highway: A critical route for trade and transport.
- The Northern Corridor: Connects the capital to the northern border and facilitates trade with Egypt.
Airports
- Khartoum International Airport: The main international airport, serving as a hub for flights to the Middle East and Africa.
- Port Sudan International Airport: Important for connecting Red Sea trade routes.
5. Political Landscape
Major Political Parties
- National Congress Party (NCP): Formerly led by Omar al-Bashir, the NCP was the dominant party during his regime but has since lost influence.
- Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM): Primarily representing South Sudanese interests, influential in southern regions.
- Forces of Freedom and Change (FFC): An alliance of opposition groups that led protests against al-Bashir’s government and now forms part of the transitional government.
Major Leaders
- Abdalla Hamdok: Prime Minister of the transitional government, appointed after al-Bashir’s ousting. His government aims to implement reforms and stabilize the economy.
- General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan: Chairman of the Sovereignty Council and de facto leader, representing the military in the transitional government.
6. Demographics and Society
Major Ethnic Groups
Sudan is ethnically diverse, with several major groups, including:
- Arab Sudanese: Predominantly in the north.
- Nilotes: Including Dinka and Nuer in the south.
- Beja: Primarily in the eastern regions.
- Other Ethnicities: Including Fur, Zaghawa, and various others across the country.
Major Religions
- Islam: The predominant religion, with Sunni Islam being the most practiced.
- Christianity: Mainly in the southern regions and among certain ethnic groups.
GDP and Per Capita Income
- GDP: Approximately $40 billion (as of 2023), reflecting a struggling economy heavily reliant on agriculture and gold.
- Per Capita Income: Around $800, indicating significant poverty levels and economic disparity.
Major Sources of Income
- Agriculture: The primary source of income for the majority of the population.
- Gold Mining: An increasingly significant source of revenue.
- Remittances: Many Sudanese work abroad and send remittances back home, contributing to household incomes.
Corruption and Governance
Sudan ranks poorly on corruption indices, with widespread corruption affecting public services, governance, and the economy. Efforts to combat corruption have been initiated, but challenges remain significant.
7. Education and Major Universities
Major Universities
- University of Khartoum: The oldest and most prestigious university, offering various disciplines.
- Sudan University of Science and Technology: Known for engineering and technical programs.
- Al-Neelain University: Offers a wide range of courses and has a diverse student body.
Education Challenges
The education system has suffered from underfunding, particularly in rural areas. Access to quality education remains a significant issue, with efforts underway to reform and improve educational outcomes.
8. Major Cities
- Khartoum: The capital and largest city, serving as the political, economic, and cultural center.
- Omdurman: Located across the Nile from Khartoum, known for its historical significance and vibrant markets.
- Port Sudan: A key port city on the Red Sea, vital for trade and commerce.
- Nyala: The capital of South Darfur, significant for its role in the agricultural sector.
9. Conclusion
Sudan is a nation with a complex history, marked by rich cultural diversity and significant challenges. The journey towards stability and prosperity continues as the country navigates political transitions, economic difficulties, and social transformations. Efforts to foster unity, improve governance, and diversify the economy are essential for building a sustainable future for the Sudanese people.
TANZAINA
Tanzania: Comprehensive Overview
1. History
Early Civilization:
Tanzania’s history dates back to ancient times, with evidence of early human settlement in the region. The area was inhabited by various indigenous groups, including the Khoisan and Bantu-speaking communities. The Bantu migrations, which began around 1000 BCE, led to the establishment of various tribal kingdoms and agricultural societies.
Arab and Persian Influence:
From the 7th century onwards, Arab traders began to arrive on the East African coast, leading to the establishment of trade routes and the emergence of city-states like Kilwa, Zanzibar, and Pemba. These interactions significantly influenced local cultures, leading to the spread of Islam along the coast.
Colonial Era:
In the late 19th century, Germany acquired control over present-day mainland Tanzania, known then as German East Africa. After World War I, the League of Nations mandated the territory to Britain, which continued to control the region until the mid-20th century. The struggle for independence was characterized by nationalist movements led by figures such as Julius Nyerere.
Independence and Ujamaa:
Tanzania gained independence in 1961, with Nyerere becoming the first president. He introduced the concept of Ujamaa (familyhood), promoting a socialist economic model aimed at self-reliance and social equality. This period saw the nationalization of various industries and agrarian reforms.
Post-Independence Challenges:
The 1970s and 1980s were marked by economic difficulties, resulting from mismanagement and external pressures. In the 1990s, Tanzania began liberalizing its economy, transitioning to a more market-oriented approach.
Contemporary Era:
In recent years, Tanzania has experienced relative political stability, though challenges remain, including corruption, poverty, and human rights issues. The death of President John Magufuli in 2021 led to the election of Samia Suluhu Hassan, the country’s first female president.
2. Economy
Overview:
Tanzania’s economy is diverse, with agriculture, mining, tourism, and services playing significant roles. Agriculture employs the majority of the workforce and is crucial for food security and export revenues.
GDP and Per Capita Income:
- GDP: Approximately $64 billion (2023).
- Per Capita Income: About $1,085 (2023).
Major Industries:
- Agriculture: The backbone of the economy, with crops like coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco, and cashew nuts.
- Mining: Tanzania is rich in mineral resources, including gold, diamonds, and tanzanite, a gemstone found nowhere else in the world.
- Tourism: Attracts millions of visitors annually to its national parks, wildlife, and historical sites.
Major Sources of Income:
- Agriculture: Contributes significantly to GDP and employs a large portion of the population.
- Tourism: Generates substantial foreign exchange and employment.
- Mining: A key sector for export revenue.
3. Major Imported Goods
Tanzania imports a variety of goods to support its economy and consumer needs, including:
- Machinery and Equipment: Essential for various industries and infrastructure development.
- Vehicles and Transportation Equipment: For personal and commercial use.
- Petroleum Products: A vital energy source for transportation and industry.
- Foodstuffs: Includes cereals, wheat, and other essential food items.
4. Major Exported Goods
Tanzania’s export profile reflects its natural resources and agricultural products:
- Gold: The leading export commodity, making up a significant portion of total export revenue.
- Coffee: Renowned globally for its quality, particularly Arabica coffee.
- Tobacco: A major cash crop, contributing to agricultural exports.
- Cashew Nuts: Important for both domestic consumption and export.
- Tourism Revenue: While not a physical good, tourism contributes significantly to the export of services.
5. Major Highways
Tanzania’s transport infrastructure is developing, with several key highways:
- The Central Corridor: Connects Dar es Salaam to the interior and is vital for trade.
- The Northern Corridor: Links Tanzania with Uganda and Kenya, facilitating regional trade.
- The Dodoma-Mwanza Highway: Important for connectivity between the capital and the western regions.
6. Airports
Tanzania has several international airports, with the most prominent being:
- Julius Nyerere International Airport (DAR): Located in Dar es Salaam, it is the primary international gateway.
- Kilimanajaro International Airport (JRO): Serves tourists heading to Mount Kilimanjaro and the northern safari circuit.
- Mwanza Airport (MWZ): Important for connecting the Lake Victoria region to other parts of the country.
7. Major Political Parties
Tanzania has a multi-party system, although the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party has dominated since independence. Other notable parties include:
- Chadema: The main opposition party, focusing on democratic governance and economic reform.
- ACT-Wazalendo: A newer party advocating for social justice and economic development.
8. Major Leaders
- Samia Suluhu Hassan: The current President, who took office in 2021 after the death of John Magufuli.
- Chadema Leaders: Such as Freeman Mbowe, who plays a significant role in opposition politics.
9. Major Rivers
Tanzania is home to several important rivers, including:
- Rufiji River: The largest river in the country, crucial for agriculture and hydropower.
- Great Ruaha River: Important for irrigation and supporting wildlife in Ruaha National Park.
10. Major Goods Produced in the Country
Tanzania produces a variety of goods, including:
- Coffee: Major cash crop and key export.
- Tobacco: Widely cultivated, especially in the western regions.
- Maize and Rice: Staple foods for the local population.
- Fish: Particularly from Lake Victoria, contributing to food security and exports.
11. Major Ethnic Groups
Tanzania is ethnically diverse, with over 120 different groups, including:
- Sukuma: The largest ethnic group, primarily found in the northern regions.
- Chaga: Inhabiting the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro.
- Hehe, Nyamwezi, and Maasai: Other significant ethnic groups contributing to the cultural mosaic.
12. Major Religions
The major religions in Tanzania include:
- Christianity: Predominantly practiced in the mainland regions.
- Islam: More prevalent along the coastal areas and islands like Zanzibar.
- Traditional African Religions: Still practiced among various ethnic groups.
13. Corruption
Corruption remains a significant challenge in Tanzania:
- Perception: Transparency International ranks Tanzania as having moderate corruption levels, with ongoing issues in public procurement, land allocation, and law enforcement.
- Efforts: The government has initiated anti-corruption campaigns, but challenges persist, requiring continued vigilance and reform.
14. Major Universities
Tanzania hosts several universities, contributing to higher education and research:
- University of Dar es Salaam: The oldest and one of the most prestigious universities in the country.
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences: Specializes in health sciences and medical training.
- Nelson Mandela African Institute of Science and Technology: Focuses on science and technology education.
15. Major Cities
- Dar es Salaam: The largest city and economic hub, known for its port and vibrant culture.
- Dodoma: The capital city, designated as the political center of the country.
- Arusha: The gateway to northern Tanzania’s national parks and Mount Kilimanjaro.
- Mwanza: Located on the shores of Lake Victoria, known for fishing and agriculture.
16. Country Ruling System
Tanzania operates as a presidential republic:
- President: Elected for a five-year term, with the possibility of re-election for one additional term.
- Parliament: Bicameral legislature consisting of the National Assembly and the House of Representatives (for Zanzibar).
- Political Environment: While a multi-party system exists, the CCM has been dominant since independence, leading to debates about political pluralism and democracy.
Conclusion
Tanzania is a nation rich in history and cultural diversity, with a promising economic landscape driven by agriculture, mining, and tourism. Despite facing challenges such as corruption and political dynamics, the country continues to make strides toward sustainable development and improving the lives of its citizens. The combination of its natural beauty, wildlife, and cultural heritage makes Tanzania a unique and significant country in East Africa.
ECONOMY OF TANZAINA
Tanzania’s Economy: A Comprehensive Overview
1. Economic Structure
Tanzania’s economy is classified as a lower-middle-income economy by the World Bank. The country has witnessed robust economic growth over the past few decades, spurred by investments in infrastructure, increased agricultural productivity, and a burgeoning services sector.
- GDP Composition:
- Agriculture: Approximately 28% of GDP. This sector remains the backbone of the economy, employing the majority of the population.
- Services: Around 50% of GDP, showcasing a shift towards service-oriented economic activities, including tourism, trade, and financial services.
- Industry: About 22% of GDP, indicating a growing industrial base focused on manufacturing and mining.
2. Major Sectors of the Economy
Agriculture:
Agriculture plays a vital role in Tanzania’s economy, contributing significantly to GDP, employment, and export revenues. The sector is diverse and consists of both cash crops for export and staple crops for domestic consumption.
- Cash Crops:
- Coffee: One of the largest cash crops, primarily Arabica, contributing substantially to export earnings.
- Tea: Cultivated mainly in the highland regions and exported globally.
- Tobacco: Another significant cash crop, especially in the northwestern regions.
- Cashew Nuts: Grown in coastal areas, with rising global demand increasing export potential.
- Cotton: Produced mainly in the Lake Zone, with potential for value addition through local textile production.
- Food Crops:
- Maize: The staple food crop, critical for food security.
- Rice: Increasingly important, with government initiatives to boost production.
- Cassava and Sorghum: Important for both food and livestock feed.
- Livestock: The livestock sector supports pastoral communities and provides meat, milk, and leather products. The government is working to enhance veterinary services and improve livestock breeds to boost productivity.
Services:
The services sector has seen rapid growth, particularly in tourism, finance, telecommunications, and trade.
- Tourism: A cornerstone of the economy, contributing significantly to GDP and employment. Major attractions include:
- National Parks: Serengeti National Park and Ngorongoro Crater are UNESCO World Heritage sites.
- Zanzibar: An archipelago known for its beautiful beaches and rich history, attracting a large number of international tourists.
- Telecommunications: Rapid growth in mobile phone usage and internet connectivity has transformed access to information and services, leading to innovations in fintech and e-commerce.
Industry:
The industrial sector is gradually diversifying, focusing on manufacturing and processing to create jobs and add value to raw materials.
- Mining: Tanzania is endowed with mineral resources, particularly gold, which is the leading export commodity. Other minerals include:
- Diamonds: Significant deposits found in the northern regions.
- Tanzanite: A unique gemstone found only in Tanzania.
- Natural Gas: Emerging as a key resource with discoveries in the southern regions.
- Manufacturing: This includes food processing, textiles, cement, and pharmaceuticals. The government encourages local production to reduce imports and create jobs.
- Construction: Investment in infrastructure has led to growth in the construction sector, including roads, bridges, and housing developments.
3. Foreign Trade
Exports:
Tanzania’s exports are diverse, with a focus on both natural resources and agricultural products.
- Gold: Represents around 40% of total exports, making Tanzania the fourth-largest gold producer in Africa.
- Agricultural Products: Including coffee, tea, cashew nuts, and tobacco.
- Natural Gas: As the sector develops, gas is expected to play a larger role in export revenues.
Imports:
Key imports comprise machinery, fuel, foodstuffs, and manufactured goods, vital for supporting domestic industries and consumer needs.
- Machinery and Equipment: Essential for sectors like mining, agriculture, and construction.
- Petroleum Products: Import dependency is high due to insufficient domestic refining capacity.
- Foodstuffs: Cereals, sugar, and edible oils are significant imports, especially during periods of low agricultural productivity.
Trade Partners:
Tanzania’s primary trading partners include:
- China: A major source of imports and increasing investments.
- India: Key in trade, particularly for textiles and pharmaceuticals.
- United Arab Emirates: Significant in trade, especially in gold and other minerals.
- Regional Trade: Kenya and Uganda are crucial partners within the East African Community (EAC).
4. Economic Growth and Development
Tanzania has experienced consistent economic growth, with GDP growth rates averaging between 6-7% annually over the past decade. However, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted growth, causing a temporary slowdown.
Key Growth Drivers:
- Infrastructure Development: The government has prioritized infrastructure projects, including the construction of new roads, railways, and ports to enhance connectivity.
- Natural Resource Exploitation: Investments in the mining sector continue to attract foreign direct investment, particularly in gold and gas extraction.
- Tourism Recovery: As global travel resumes, Tanzania aims to capitalize on its rich natural and cultural heritage to boost tourism revenues.
Government Initiatives:
The Tanzanian government has implemented various strategies, such as:
- Vision 2025: Aims for economic transformation, industrialization, and poverty reduction.
- National Development Plans: Focus on infrastructure, human capital development, and private sector growth.
5. Challenges
Despite its potential, Tanzania faces several challenges that could hinder its economic progress:
- Corruption: Corruption remains a persistent issue, affecting governance and public service delivery. The government has made commitments to improve transparency and accountability.
- Poverty: Approximately 26% of the population lives below the national poverty line, with rural areas disproportionately affected. Efforts are needed to improve access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities.
- Infrastructure Gaps: Although improvements are underway, significant gaps remain, particularly in rural areas where access to roads and electricity is limited.
- Dependence on Agriculture: The economy’s heavy reliance on agriculture makes it vulnerable to climate change and environmental degradation.
6. Economic Policies
The Tanzanian government has undertaken several policies and reforms aimed at fostering economic growth:
- Investment Climate Improvement: Measures to enhance the business environment, including reducing bureaucratic hurdles and improving regulatory frameworks.
- Industrialization Strategy: Aiming to boost local manufacturing through incentives and support for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
- Agricultural Reforms: Initiatives aimed at increasing productivity and ensuring food security, including access to better seeds, fertilizers, and extension services.
7. Conclusion
Tanzania’s economy is characterized by diversity, resilience, and significant growth potential. With ongoing efforts to enhance infrastructure, diversify economic activities, and attract foreign investment, the country is well-positioned for future growth. However, addressing challenges such as corruption, poverty, and infrastructure gaps is critical to realizing its full economic potential.
EGYPT
2. Egypt
Overview
Egypt, located in North Africa, is known for its ancient civilization, which includes iconic landmarks such as the pyramids and the Sphinx.
History
- Ancient Civilization: Known for the Pharaohs, pyramids, and hieroglyphics.
- Islamic Conquest: Became a major center of Islamic culture and learning.
- Modern Era: Nationalist movements led to independence from British rule in 1952.
Economy
- GDP: Approximately $404 billion.
- Per Capita Income: About $4,030.
- Major Industries: Tourism, agriculture, and textiles.
- Sources of Income: Tourism, remittances, agriculture.
Major Imported Goods
- Machinery, foodstuffs, and chemicals.
Major Exported Goods
- Petroleum products, cotton, and textiles.
Major Highways
- The Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road is a significant transport route.
Airports
- Cairo International Airport: The main international gateway.
Major Political Parties
- National Progressive Unionist Party, Wafd Party, and others.
Major Leaders
- Abdel Fattah el-Sisi: President since 2014.
Major Rivers
- Nile River: The longest river in the world, crucial for agriculture.
Major Goods Produced
- Cotton, textiles, and food products.
Major Ethnic Groups
- Predominantly Arab, with Nubian and Berber minorities.
Major Religions
- Islam (predominantly Sunni), Christianity (Coptic Orthodox).
Corruption
Corruption remains a significant issue in public administration.
Major Universities
- Cairo University, Ain Shams University, Alexandria University.
Major Cities
- Cairo, Alexandria, Giza, Luxor.
Ruling System
A semi-presidential republic with a strong executive branch.
NEPAL FINANCE Q1 REPORT 2081/82
In the finance group, Nepal Finance Limited, which has the highest share price, has incurred a net loss of NPR 2.4 crore during the first quarter of the current fiscal year. During the same period last year, the company faced a loss of NPR 2.02 crore. Its net interest income has increased by 90.06%, reaching NPR 2.9 crore. Last year, the income was NPR 1.52 crore.
The impairment charge for this finance company has risen by 194%, reaching NPR 2.88 crore, which has led to the company’s losses.
The company’s distributable profit stands at NPR 25 crore in the negative. With a paid-up capital of NPR 72.99 crore, this finance company has accumulated NPR 46.13 crore in its reserve fund.
Its EPS (Earnings Per Share) is at a loss of NPR 3.29. The net worth per share is NPR 135.86. This company has the highest share price in the finance group. As of Wednesday’s trading close, its per-share value is NPR 1,350.
NFS Q1 Report
| Dimension | Q1 – 081/082 | Q1 – 080/081 | Q4 – 080/081 | Q3 – 080/081 | Q2 – 080/081 | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paid Up Capital | 72.99 Cr | 72.95 Cr | 72.99 Cr | 72.95 Cr | 72.95 Cr | 0.06 |
| Reserve | 46.14 Cr | 42.83 Cr | 43.10 Cr | 42.40 Cr | 42.73 Cr | 7.72 |
| Retained Earning | -25.07 Cr | -23.67 Cr | -20.82 Cr | -22.10 Cr | -21.23 Cr | 5.89 |
| Deposit | 2.91 Arab | 1.92 Arab | 2.55 Arab | 2.24 Arab | 1.99 Arab | 51.68 |
| Loan | 2.16 Arab | 1.31 Arab | 2.02 Arab | 1.74 Arab | 1.49 Arab | 64.51 |
| Net Interest Income | 2.91 Cr | 1.53 Cr | 11.08 Cr | 7.60 Cr | 4.92 Cr | 90.05 |
| Net Fee Commission Income | 38.34 Lac | 24.20 Lac | 1.28 Cr | 89.46 Lac | 58.83 Lac | 58.44 |
| Operating Profit | -2.40 Cr | -2.02 Cr | 2.59 Cr | 18.84 Lac | 8.12 Lac | 18.56 |
| Net Profit | -2.40 Cr | -2.02 Cr | 1.81 Cr | 13.19 Lac | 8.12 Lac | 18.56 |
| Distributable Profit | -25.07 Cr | -23.67 Cr | -20.82 Cr | -22.10 Cr | -21.23 Cr | 5.89 |
| EPS | -3.29 | -2.78 | 2.48 | 0.24 | 0.22 | 18.35 |
| Dis EPS | – | 32.45 | -28.52 | – | – | – |
| Net Worth | 135.86 | 133.26 | 137.52 | 134.83 | 136.47 | 1.95 |
| ROE | – | – | 1.81 | 0.18 | 0.16 | – |
| ROA | – | – | 0.46 | 0.05 | 0.05 | – |
| NPL | 10.36 | 11.75 | 9.11 | 9.24 | 10.52 | -11.83 |
| RWA | 32.61 | 37.93 | 31.71 | 31.11 | 36.96 | -14.03 |
| Total Assets | 4.23 Arab | 3.24 Arab | 3.98 Arab | 3.64 Arab | 3.34 Arab | 30.46 |
| Total Liabilities | 3.24 Arab | 2.27 Arab | 2.98 Arab | 2.58 Arab | 2.39 Arab | 36.15 |
JANAKI FINACE Q1 REPORT 2080/81
Overview
This financial report presents the key metrics of JFL for the first quarter of the fiscal year 2021/2022 compared to previous quarters. The following tables summarize the financial performance, indicating trends, differences, and overall health of the organization.
Financial Metrics Summary
Janaki Finance Limited Financial Report
Key Financial Metrics
| Dimension | Q1 – 081/082 | Q1 – 080/081 | Q4 – 080/081 | Q3 – 080/081 | Q2 – 080/081 | Difference (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paid Up Capital | 69.05 Cr | 69.05 Cr | 69.05 Cr | 69.05 Cr | 69.05 Cr | 0 |
| Reserve | 43.09 Cr | 29.87 Cr | 43.09 Cr | 29.86 Cr | 29.86 Cr | 44.26 |
| Retained Earnings | -65.26 Cr | -34.87 Cr | -72.19 Cr | -45.78 Cr | -34.72 Cr | 87.12 |
| Deposit | 4.37 Arab | 3.58 Arab | 4.03 Arab | 3.85 Arab | 3.72 Arab | 22.14 |
| Loan | 3.09 Arab | 3.13 Arab | 3.15 Arab | 3.17 Arab | 3.16 Arab | -1.12 |
| Net Interest Income | 4.93 Cr | 5.11 Cr | 11.31 Cr | 14.87 Cr | 10.13 Cr | -3.4 |
| Net Fee Commission Income | 1.66 Lac | 1.83 Lac | 55.35 Lac | 5.25 Lac | 3.30 Lac | -8.9 |
| Operating Profit | 9.87 Cr | -26.25 Lac | -13.72 Cr | -10.67 Cr | -8.53 Lac | -3858.03 |
| Net Profit | 6.91 Cr | 4.36 Lac | -13.72 Cr | -10.86 Cr | 19.86 Lac | 15723.26 |
| EPS | 48.42 | 0.28 | -19.87 | -20.98 | 0.58 | 17192.86 |
| Net Worth | 67.90 | 92.75 | 57.86 | 76.94 | 92.97 | -26.79 |
| NPL | 34.64 | 17.60 | 37.13 | 28.91 | 19.99 | 96.82 |
| Total Assets | 6.50 Arab | 5.33 Arab | 6.08 Arab | 5.82 Arab | 5.58 Arab | 21.87 |
| Total Liabilities | 6.03 Arab | 4.69 Arab | 5.68 Arab | 5.29 Arab | 4.94 Arab | 28.51 |
| Cost of Fund | 8.46 | 10.93 | 9.01 | 9.52 | 10.29 | -22.60 |
| Base Rate | 10.53 | 13.28 | 10.99 | 11.69 | 12.57 | -20.71 |
| Interest Spread | 4.74 | 3.98 | 4.39 | 4.28 | 4.72 | 19.10 |
Key Insights
- Stable Paid Up Capital: The paid-up capital has remained constant at 69.05 Cr across all periods, indicating stability in funding.
- Increase in Reserve: A significant increase in reserves from 29.87 Cr to 43.09 Cr suggests improved financial health and retained profits.
- Retained Earnings Concerns: Negative retained earnings increased from -34.87 Cr to -65.26 Cr, indicating challenges in profitability and potential operational issues.
- Deposit Growth: Deposits have risen from 3.58 Arab to 4.37 Arab, reflecting increased customer trust and business growth.
- Net Interest Income Decline: A decline in net interest income from 5.11 Cr to 4.93 Cr is a concerning trend that could impact overall profitability.
- Operating Profit Recovery: After a loss in the previous quarter, operating profit has turned positive to 9.87 Cr, showing signs of operational improvement.
- Surge in Net Profit: The net profit significantly increased from 4.36 Lac to 6.91 Cr, a promising sign of recovery and operational efficiency.
- EPS Improvement: The earnings per share (EPS) improved dramatically to 48.42, suggesting increased profitability on a per-share basis.
- Net Worth and ROE: While the net worth has decreased, the return on equity (ROE) showed a positive figure of 0.27 in the previous quarter, indicating that the company has generated profit from its equity.
- High NPL Ratio: The non-performing loan (NPL) ratio has significantly increased from 17.60 to 34.64, indicating potential risk in the loan portfolio.
Conclusion
JFL demonstrates resilience through increased reserves and deposits while facing challenges with retained earnings and declining net interest income. The recovery in net profit and EPS reflects positive operational changes, but attention is needed on the NPL ratio and sustained profitability. Strategic initiatives focusing on asset quality and income diversification could enhance future financial performance.
JANAKI FINANCE REOPRT RS 40 ON EPS
Janaki Finance Limited has earned a net profit of 69 million rupees in the first quarter of the current fiscal year. This is an increase of 15,738 percent compared to last year. During the same period last year, the company recorded a profit of 4.36 million rupees.
The company’s net interest income has decreased by 3.42 percent, amounting to 49.3 million rupees. Last year, the income was 51 million rupees. However, the decline in main business interest income is not a positive aspect.
This finance company has reversed an impairment charge of 71.1 million rupees, which has contributed to the increase in the company’s profit. The paid-up capital of this finance company is 690.4 million rupees, with a reserve fund of 439 million rupees accumulated. Its Earnings Per Share (EPS) has reached 40 rupees, and the net worth per share is 67.90 rupees.
Janaki Finance – Financial Report
| Particulars | 1st Qtr, 2081/82 | Immediate Previous Yr End | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|
| Share Capital | 690,472 | 690,472 | 0.00% |
| Reserves | 430,911 | 298,696 | 44.26% |
| Share Premium | – | – | – |
| Retained Earnings | -652,561 | -348,731 | -87.11% |
| Deposit From Customer | 4,367,954 | 3,576,186 | 22.14% |
| Loans & Advances to Customers | 3,091,621 | 3,126,529 | -1.12% |
| Particulars | 1st Qtr, 2081/82 | 1st Qtr, 2080/81 | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|
| Net Interest Income | 49,344 | 51,090 | -3.42% |
| Total Operating Income | 51,358 | 55,726 | -7.84% |
| Impairment Charge/(Reversal) | -77,188 | 43,653 | -276.82% |
| Net Operating Income | 128,546 | 12,073 | 964.74% |
| Operating Profit | 98,651 | 623 | 15734.83% |
| Net Profit/Loss | 69,055 | 436 | 15738.30% |
| Distributable Profit | – | – | – |
| Cost of Funds | 8.46% | 10.93% | -2.47% |
| Non Performing Loan | 34.64% | 17.60% | 17.04% |
| Base Rate | 10.53% | 13.28% | -2.75% |
| Earning Per Share (Rs) | 40 | 0.6 | 39.40 |
| Net Worth Per Share (Rs) | 67.9 | – | – |
CHART
FINANCIAL INDICATOR
📊 Shareholding Structure 🔥
INFORMATION ABOUT COMPANY
📈 Financial Overview
Paid-up Capital
69.05 Cr
💰
Total Market Cap
4.69 Arab
🏦
Float Cap
2.30 Arab
📊
Today’s Amount
2.88 Cr
📈
52 Weeks High / Low
855 ~ 322.2
📉
120 Days Average
675.05
📅
180 Days Average
629.22
📆
Q1 – 081/082 EPS
48.42
🧮
Net Worth
67.90
💵
NPL
34.64
📉
P/E Ratio
13.63
🔍
P/B Ratio
10.01
📊
ROE
–
📈
Growth Rate
15723.26
📊
PEG Value
0.00
🔢
Graham Number
271.98
🔢
Adjusted Graham Number
558603.33
💰
Cash Bonus
0.79
💵
Bonus Shares
15.00
🎁
Total Bonus
15.79
🎉
Q1 REPORT 2080/81
Janaki Finance Limited Financial Report
Key Financial Metrics
| Dimension | Q1 – 081/082 | Q1 – 080/081 | Q4 – 080/081 | Q3 – 080/081 | Q2 – 080/081 | Difference (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paid Up Capital | 69.05 Cr | 69.05 Cr | 69.05 Cr | 69.05 Cr | 69.05 Cr | 0 |
| Reserve | 43.09 Cr | 29.87 Cr | 43.09 Cr | 29.86 Cr | 29.86 Cr | 44.26 |
| Retained Earnings | -65.26 Cr | -34.87 Cr | -72.19 Cr | -45.78 Cr | -34.72 Cr | 87.12 |
| Deposit | 4.37 Arab | 3.58 Arab | 4.03 Arab | 3.85 Arab | 3.72 Arab | 22.14 |
| Loan | 3.09 Arab | 3.13 Arab | 3.15 Arab | 3.17 Arab | 3.16 Arab | -1.12 |
| Net Interest Income | 4.93 Cr | 5.11 Cr | 11.31 Cr | 14.87 Cr | 10.13 Cr | -3.4 |
| Net Fee Commission Income | 1.66 Lac | 1.83 Lac | 55.35 Lac | 5.25 Lac | 3.30 Lac | -8.9 |
| Operating Profit | 9.87 Cr | -26.25 Lac | -13.72 Cr | -10.67 Cr | -8.53 Lac | -3858.03 |
| Net Profit | 6.91 Cr | 4.36 Lac | -13.72 Cr | -10.86 Cr | 19.86 Lac | 15723.26 |
| EPS | 48.42 | 0.28 | -19.87 | -20.98 | 0.58 | 17192.86 |
| Net Worth | 67.90 | 92.75 | 57.86 | 76.94 | 92.97 | -26.79 |
| NPL | 34.64 | 17.60 | 37.13 | 28.91 | 19.99 | 96.82 |
| Total Assets | 6.50 Arab | 5.33 Arab | 6.08 Arab | 5.82 Arab | 5.58 Arab | 21.87 |
| Total Liabilities | 6.03 Arab | 4.69 Arab | 5.68 Arab | 5.29 Arab | 4.94 Arab | 28.51 |
| Cost of Fund | 8.46 | 10.93 | 9.01 | 9.52 | 10.29 | -22.60 |
| Base Rate | 10.53 | 13.28 | 10.99 | 11.69 | 12.57 | -20.71 |
| Interest Spread | 4.74 | 3.98 | 4.39 | 4.28 | 4.72 | 19.10 |
BOOK VALUE
Net Worth Over Quarters
This chart represents the net worth of the company over various quarters. As observed, there is a fluctuation in net worth values, indicating changes in the financial health of the organization. The data shows significant growth in certain quarters, reflecting improved profitability and effective management.
ECONOMY OF ALGERIA
Algeria, located in North Africa, has an economy heavily reliant on the oil and gas sector, which plays a dominant role in its growth and structure. Despite the country’s rich natural resources, its economy faces challenges related to diversification, unemployment, and infrastructure development. Below is a detailed overview of Algeria’s economy, including its key sectors, challenges, and future prospects.
1. Economic Structure
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Algeria’s GDP is largely driven by hydrocarbons, which account for about 20% of its GDP. In recent years, GDP growth has fluctuated due to global oil price volatility. The country’s GDP was estimated at $183.6 billion in 2022.
- Economic Sectors:
- Oil and Gas: Contributes around 85-90% of export revenues and 60% of government budget revenues. Algeria is the world’s 10th largest natural gas producer and has the 16th largest oil reserves globally.
- Agriculture: This sector contributes approximately 12% of GDP and employs around 10-12% of the population. Key agricultural products include wheat, barley, potatoes, olives, and citrus fruits.
- Services: The service sector, which includes public administration, defense, education, and trade, has been growing and constitutes nearly 40% of the GDP.
- Industry: Non-hydrocarbon industries, such as mining, construction, and manufacturing, are underdeveloped, accounting for only 5-10% of GDP.
2. Hydrocarbon Sector
- Oil Reserves: Algeria holds 12.2 billion barrels of proven oil reserves, primarily located in the Hassi Messaoud oil field. The country produces over 1 million barrels per day of crude oil.
- Natural Gas: The country is also rich in natural gas, with proven reserves of 159 trillion cubic feet (Tcf). Algeria is a major exporter of gas to Europe through pipeline and liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports.
- Sonatrach: The state-owned energy company, Sonatrach, is Algeria’s largest company and controls the exploration, extraction, transportation, and commercialization of hydrocarbons. It contributes the majority of the government’s budget through taxes and royalties.
3. Trade and Exports
- Exports: In 2023, hydrocarbon exports accounted for around 90% of total exports. Other exports include phosphate, fruit, and iron ore, but these are minimal compared to energy resources.
- Trading Partners:
- Europe: The European Union (EU) is Algeria’s largest trading partner, accounting for nearly 60% of total trade. Major export destinations include Spain, Italy, and France.
- China: In recent years, China has emerged as a major trading partner, primarily in construction and infrastructure projects. Algeria imports significant quantities of machinery, electrical equipment, and manufactured goods from China.
- Import Structure: Algeria imports machinery, food products, consumer goods, and pharmaceuticals. Import restrictions and licensing have been introduced to reduce reliance on imports and promote local production, but these policies have faced criticism for creating shortages.
4. Unemployment and Workforce
- Unemployment Rate: As of 2023, Algeria has an unemployment rate of around 12%, but youth unemployment is considerably higher, nearing 30%. Unemployment is a persistent challenge, particularly for young graduates and women, as the economy struggles to create enough jobs outside of the public sector.
- Informal Economy: A significant portion of Algeria’s workforce operates in the informal sector, especially in retail and small services, which are not accounted for in official GDP or tax revenues.
5. Public Finances and Fiscal Policy
- Government Budget: Algeria’s economy is vulnerable to fluctuations in oil prices, which directly affect government revenues. In response, the country has run large fiscal deficits in recent years, averaging 6-8% of GDP. To address deficits, Algeria has implemented austerity measures, reducing public spending and subsidies.
- Subsidies: The government subsidizes food, fuel, and utilities, which provides a safety net for its population but places a heavy burden on public finances. Reforms aimed at reducing subsidies have been met with public resistance.
- Sovereign Wealth Fund: The country previously maintained a sovereign wealth fund, the Revenue Regulation Fund (FRR), which has been depleted due to the need to cover budget deficits. Algeria has increasingly turned to external borrowing to finance budget shortfalls.
6. Monetary Policy and Inflation
- Currency (Algerian Dinar – DZD): The Algerian dinar has depreciated in recent years due to declining foreign exchange reserves and external debt pressures. The currency is highly dependent on oil and gas revenues.
- Inflation: Inflation has been moderate, but rising to around 8-9% recently due to global inflationary pressures, food import costs, and depreciation of the dinar. The Central Bank of Algeria has limited tools to combat inflation given the rigidity of the economic structure.
7. Infrastructure and Investment
- Infrastructure Development: Infrastructure remains underdeveloped compared to Algeria’s potential, especially in transportation and utilities. The government has invested in new roads, airports, and railways, but much of the infrastructure is focused on urban areas.
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): FDI is low compared to regional peers due to restrictive investment regulations, complex bureaucracy, and political instability. However, sectors such as renewable energy, telecommunications, and agriculture have been identified as areas for potential investment.
8. Challenges Facing Algeria’s Economy
- Overdependence on Hydrocarbons: Algeria’s economy is overly reliant on oil and gas, leaving it vulnerable to global oil price fluctuations. The lack of diversification limits sustainable growth.
- Unemployment and Social Inequality: High unemployment rates, especially among the youth, combined with social inequality, have led to periodic protests and unrest. Economic reforms are necessary to address job creation and social protection systems.
- Bureaucracy and Corruption: Corruption and inefficient bureaucracy stifle private sector development and deter foreign investment. Regulatory reforms aimed at improving transparency are slow to be implemented.
- Environmental Sustainability: The country faces environmental challenges such as water scarcity, desertification, and the need to transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources.
9. Efforts Toward Economic Diversification
- Agriculture: Algeria has been attempting to boost agricultural production, with an emphasis on self-sufficiency in key staples like wheat. Investments in irrigation and modern farming techniques are being pursued to enhance productivity.
- Renewable Energy: With vast solar energy potential, Algeria has announced plans to invest heavily in renewable energy, particularly solar power. The government aims to generate 27% of its electricity from renewables by 2030.
- Manufacturing and Industry: Efforts to expand the non-hydrocarbon industrial base include plans to develop automotive, electronics, and pharmaceutical manufacturing, but these sectors are still nascent.
10. Economic Outlook and Future Prospects
- Short-term Outlook: Algeria’s short-term economic outlook is uncertain due to its dependence on volatile oil prices. The global transition away from fossil fuels poses long-term challenges, which will require Algeria to accelerate its diversification efforts.
- Reform Agenda: The government has outlined an ambitious reform agenda, including public spending cuts, reduced subsidies, tax reform, and privatization of state-owned enterprises. However, progress has been slow due to political resistance and the fear of social unrest.
- Long-term Prospects: If Algeria can successfully diversify its economy, attract foreign investment, and harness its renewable energy potential, it could reduce its reliance on hydrocarbons and create a more sustainable and resilient economy.
In conclusion, while Algeria’s economy is rich in natural resources, its over-reliance on the oil and gas sector presents long-term challenges. Significant reforms are required to diversify the economy, tackle unemployment, and build a more inclusive, sustainable future.
Nepse Summary Oct 23 2024
On October 23, 2024, the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE) reported a total turnover of Rs 6,278,951,853.73, with a total of 15,742,514 shares traded across 65,091 transactions involving 324 different scrips. The total market capitalization reached Rs 4,206,434,801,880.1, while the total float market capitalization stood at Rs 1,491,232,180,538.7.
Among the top turnover stocks, ICFC led with a turnover of Rs 434,443,621.80 and a last traded price (LTP) of Rs 823.90. Following closely were KBL with Rs 269,762,731.00 at Rs 234.00, and SAHAS with Rs 261,732,619.50 at Rs 504.90. SFCL and HDL also made significant contributions to turnover, with amounts of Rs 248,458,890.40 and Rs 199,067,871.60, respectively, and LTPs of Rs 704.10 and Rs 1,423.00.
In terms of trading volume, NSIF2 topped the list with 1,790,510 shares traded at an LTP of Rs 10.52, followed by KBL with 1,131,167 shares at Rs 234.00. ICFC and SAHAS also saw substantial volumes, with shares traded at Rs 823.90 and Rs 504.90, respectively.
Regarding market performance, Top Gainers included ICFC, which increased to Rs 823.90 with a point change of 74.90 (10.00% rise), and SFCL, which rose to Rs 704.10 with a point change of 63.60 (9.93% rise). Other notable gainers were NICAD8283 at Rs 1,169.80 (8.01% rise) and MFIL at Rs 768.00 (6.67% rise).
Conversely, Top Losers featured MSLB, which decreased to Rs 1,564.00 with a point change of -70.00 (-4.28% drop), and HBL, which fell to Rs 261.90 with a point change of -11.10 (-4.07% drop). Other significant losers included CZBIL at Rs 242.00 (-3.97% drop) and GVL at Rs 538.50 (-3.93% drop).
Lastly, the top transactions were led by ICFC, which recorded 2,488 transactions at an LTP of Rs 823.90, while HDL and KBL followed with 2,278 and 2,207 transactions at LTPs of Rs 1,423.00 and Rs 234.00, respectively. Overall, the market reflected active trading and significant interest in various scrips as investors responded to the dynamic market conditions.
Market Summary 📊
Total Turnover Rs: 6,278,951,853.73
Total Traded Shares: 15,742,514
Total Transactions: 65,091
Total Scrips Traded: 324
Total Market Capitalization Rs: 4,206,434,801,880.1
Total Float Market Capitalization Rs: 1,491,232,180,538.7
Top Turnover 💰
| Symbol | Turnover | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| ICFC | 434,443,621.80 | 823.90 |
| KBL | 269,762,731.00 | 234.00 |
| SAHAS | 261,732,619.50 | 504.90 |
| SFCL | 248,458,890.40 | 704.10 |
| HDL | 199,067,871.60 | 1,423.00 |
| SBI | 194,549,511.60 | 482.90 |
| GFCL | 183,487,965.50 | 1,062.90 |
| NGPL | 135,373,491.70 | 471.30 |
| PRVU | 122,023,597.20 | 248.00 |
| NFS | 121,754,261.20 | 1,350.00 |
Top Volume 📈
| Symbol | Shares Traded | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| NSIF2 | 1,790,510 | 10.52 |
| KBL | 1,131,167 | 234.00 |
| ICFC | 534,448 | 823.90 |
| SAHAS | 522,385 | 504.90 |
| PRVU | 481,682 | 248.00 |
| HIDCLP | 421,413 | 183.00 |
| SBI | 394,668 | 482.90 |
| SFCL | 358,553 | 704.10 |
| GBIME | 306,366 | 256.10 |
| LSL | 295,592 | 253.50 |
Top Transactions 📊
| Symbol | No. of Transactions | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| ICFC | 2,488 | 823.90 |
| HDL | 2,278 | 1,423.00 |
| KBL | 2,207 | 234.00 |
| SAHAS | 2,170 | 504.90 |
| SFCL | 1,638 | 704.10 |
| PRVU | 1,262 | 248.00 |
| HRL | 1,259 | 861.10 |
| GFCL | 1,089 | 1,062.90 |
| CFCL | 1,027 | 641.00 |
| NICA | 1,022 | 452.00 |
Top Gainers 🚀
| Symbol | LTP | Pt. Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| ICFC | 823.90 | 74.90 | 10.00% |
| SFCL | 704.10 | 63.60 | 9.93% |
| NICAD8283 | 1,169.80 | 86.80 | 8.01% |
| MFIL | 768.00 | 48.00 | 6.67% |
| SAHAS | 504.90 | 27.90 | 5.85% |
| NIBLGF | 9.10 | 0.38 | 4.36% |
| HDL | 1,423.00 | 49.00 | 3.57% |
| CFCL | 641.00 | 21.10 | 3.40% |
| RAWA | 888.00 | 28.00 | 3.26% |
| KEF | 9.00 | 0.28 | 3.21% |
Top Losers 📉
| Symbol | LTP | Pt. Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| MSLB | 1,564.00 | -70.00 | -4.28% |
| HBL | 261.90 | -11.10 | -4.07% |
| CZBIL | 242.00 | -10.00 | -3.97% |
| GVL | 538.50 | -22.00 | -3.93% |
| PRVU | 248.00 | -10.00 | -3.88% |
| NIMB | 241.90 | -9.10 | -3.63% |
| BGWT | 921.50 | -34.50 | -3.61% |
| NICFC | 8.97 | -0.33 | -3.55% |
| NFS | 1,350.00 | -43.00 | -3.09% |
| SANIMA | 326.00 | -10.20 | -3.03% |
LIFE INSURANCE COMPNAY WITH HIGHEST BOUS RATE
Insurance companies have introduced various plans to encourage the general public to invest in insurance. In particular, life insurance companies have been launching different types of insurance schemes to expand their business. These plans are primarily aimed at attracting the public to life insurance.
Insurance companies are especially focusing on offering attractive bonus rates. Due to the growing competition in the industry, companies are compelled to introduce new plans and competitive bonus rates. Currently, the competition among insurance companies is intensifying.
As of now, 13 life insurance companies have announced their bonus rates. These companies have disclosed their bonus rates for the fiscal year 2079/80 (Nepali calendar) after completing financial assessments and actuarial evaluations, which have been approved by the Nepal Insurance Authority.
Each year, insurance companies must determine the bonus rate based on factors such as profit, the number of insurance policies, policy lapses, and potential risks. The bonus rate is calculated per thousand rupees.
Bonus rates may vary depending on the insurance policy and the duration of the insurance. According to the published data, companies have set bonus rates ranging from a minimum of NPR 19 to a maximum of NPR 90.
Surya Jyoti Life Insurance has offered the highest bonus rate compared to other companies, with a minimum of NPR 20 and a maximum of NPR 90. The company has set different bonus rates according to the duration of various policies.
Similarly, Sanima Reliance, formed by the merger of the former Sanima Life and Reliance Life, has also determined its bonus rates. This company has set bonus rates ranging from NPR 19 to NPR 75 across various policies. Other companies have also published their bonus rates based on their individual financial positions and market strategies. Higher bonus rates benefit the policyholders more.
Let’s take a look at the bonus rates of various companies.
What is a Bonus Rate?
The bonus rate is the return that life insurance companies provide per thousand rupees of the insured amount every year. Policyholders receive this bonus as a lump sum after the insurance term ends. To calculate the bonus, the total insured amount is divided by 1,000, and the resulting figure is multiplied by the announced bonus rate. Bonus rates can vary each year.
The bonus is distributed from the surplus amount remaining after deducting the company’s liabilities from all the capital sources available. The bonus rate is not affected by the premiums paid by policyholders. After an actuarial audit of the company, the bonus.
Data from Nepali Paisa
Life Insurance Bonus Rates
| Name | Bonus Rate Rs. |
|---|---|
| Nepal Life Insurance | 50 to 85 |
| National Life Insurance | 63 to 85 |
| Life Insurance Corporation Nepal | 40 to 64 |
| SuryaJyoti Life Insurance | 20 to 90 |
| Asian Life Insurance | 42 to 75 |
| Prabhu Mahalaxmi Life Insurance | 20 to 70 |
| Sanima Reliance Life Insurance | 19 to 75 |
| IME Life Insurance | 22 to 80 |
| Reliable Nepal Life Insurance | 20 to 75 |
| Sun Nepal Life Insurance | 25 to 75 |
| Metlife Insurance | 45 to 80 |
| Rastriya Jeevan Beema Company | 60 |
| Citizen Life Insurance Company | 25 to 77 |
<div class="container">
<h1>Life Insurance Bonus Rates</h1>
<table id="insuranceTable">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Bonus Rate Rs.</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Nepal Life Insurance</td><td>50 to 85</td></tr>
<tr><td>National Life Insurance</td><td>63 to 85</td></tr>
<tr><td>Life Insurance Corporation Nepal</td><td>40 to 64</td></tr>
<tr><td>SuryaJyoti Life Insurance</td><td>20 to 90</td></tr>
<tr><td>Asian Life Insurance</td><td>42 to 75</td></tr>
<tr><td>Prabhu Mahalaxmi Life Insurance</td><td>20 to 70</td></tr>
<tr><td>Sanima Reliance Life Insurance</td><td>19 to 75</td></tr>
<tr><td>IME Life Insurance</td><td>22 to 80</td></tr>
<tr><td>Reliable Nepal Life Insurance</td><td>20 to 75</td></tr>
<tr><td>Sun Nepal Life Insurance</td><td>25 to 75</td></tr>
<tr><td>Metlife Insurance</td><td>45 to 80</td></tr>
<tr><td>Rastriya Jeevan Beema Company</td><td>60</td></tr>
<tr><td>Citizen Life Insurance Company</td><td>25 to 77</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="btn-container">
<button class="btn" onclick="downloadCSV()">Download CSV</button>
<button class="btn" onclick="downloadJPEG()">Download JPEG</button>
<button class="btn" onclick="downloadPNG()">Download PNG</button>
<button class="btn" onclick="downloadHTML()">Download HTML</button>
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</div>
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<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html2canvas/0.4.1/html2canvas.min.js"></script>
<script>
// CSV download function
function downloadCSV() {
let csv = 'Name,Bonus Rate Rs.\n';
document.querySelectorAll("#insuranceTable tbody tr").forEach(function (row) {
let cols = row.querySelectorAll("td");
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ECONOMY OF MOZAMBIQUE
The Economy of Mozambique
1. Economic Overview
Mozambique has a mixed economy that relies heavily on agriculture, mining, and natural gas. The country is rich in resources, including coal, natural gas, and precious stones, which have attracted foreign investment. The agriculture sector, which employs a large portion of the population, includes crops like maize, sugar, and cashews.
2. GDP Growth
| Year | GDP Growth Rate (%) |
|---|---|
| 2018 | 3.3 |
| 2019 | 2.2 |
| 2020 | -0.2 |
| 2021 | 2.5 |
| 2022 | 4.3 |
| 2023 | 4.5 (estimated) |
3. Population Growth
| Year | Population (millions) | Growth Rate (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 30.3 | 2.9 |
| 2019 | 31.0 | 2.3 |
| 2020 | 31.6 | 2.0 |
| 2021 | 32.3 | 2.2 |
| 2022 | 33.0 | 2.1 |
| 2023 | 33.7 (estimated) | 2.1 |
4. Major National Parks
| National Park | Location | Established | Area (sq km) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gorongosa National Park | Sofala Province | 1960 | 4,000 |
| Niassa Reserve | Niassa Province | 1956 | 42,000 |
| Bazaruto Archipelago NP | Inhambane Province | 1971 | 1,430 |
| Limpopo National Park | Gaza Province | 2001 | 1,100 |
| Quirimbas National Park | Cabo Delgado | 2002 | 1,500 |
5. Major Highways
| Highway | Description |
|---|---|
| EN1 | Main highway connecting north and south |
| EN6 | Connects Maputo to the north and inland |
| EN4 | Connects Maputo to the border with South Africa |
| EN12 | Connects Maputo to the northeast regions |
| EN7 | Connects central regions to the north |
6. Major Roads
| Road | Description |
|---|---|
| N1 | Main route for traffic from south to north |
| N6 | Key route for trade between Maputo and Beira |
| N4 | Important for accessing inland areas |
| N12 | Connects northern towns with southern regions |
| N7 | Connects southern regions to Mozambique’s interior |
7. Major Airports
| Airport | Location | IATA Code | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maputo International Airport | Maputo | MPM | Main international gateway |
| Beira Airport | Beira | BEW | Serves central Mozambique |
| Nampula Airport | Nampula | APL | Gateway to northern Mozambique |
| Quelimane Airport | Quelimane | UEL | Serves the Zambezi region |
| Pemba Airport | Pemba | POL | Access point to the Quirimbas Islands |
ECONOMY OF Madagascar
The Economy of Madagascar: Challenges, Opportunities, and Growth Prospects
Madagascar, the world’s fourth-largest island nation, located off the southeast coast of Africa, has a rich history, unique biodiversity, and a diverse cultural heritage. However, its economy has faced significant challenges over the years, including political instability, poverty, and external economic shocks. Despite these hurdles, Madagascar has great economic potential, particularly in sectors like agriculture, mining, and tourism.
1. Economic Overview
Madagascar’s economy is classified as low-income, and it relies heavily on agriculture, natural resources, and informal sectors. The country’s GDP was approximately $13.84 billion in 2023, with a per capita GDP of around $500, making it one of the poorest countries in the world. The country has a mixed economy, with state-run industries, private sectors, and informal market activities coexisting.
The majority of the population (around 60%) works in agriculture, but the sector contributes just 24% to the national GDP. Madagascar’s economy has been held back by various issues, including political crises, inadequate infrastructure, and frequent natural disasters such as cyclones and droughts.
2. Key Economic Sectors
a) Agriculture
Agriculture is the backbone of Madagascar’s economy, employing the majority of the population. Key agricultural products include rice, vanilla, coffee, cloves, and cocoa. Madagascar is the world’s leading producer of vanilla, accounting for about 80% of global production. However, the sector is highly vulnerable to external shocks, such as price fluctuations and climate change.
Rice is a staple food, but the country often faces deficits in production, requiring imports to meet local demand. Inconsistent rainfall patterns, outdated farming techniques, and a lack of infrastructure make it challenging for farmers to optimize output, contributing to food insecurity.
b) Mining and Natural Resources
Madagascar is rich in natural resources, with significant deposits of nickel, cobalt, graphite, ilmenite, and sapphires. The mining industry has been a major contributor to foreign direct investment (FDI) and government revenue. Key projects like the Ambatovy mine, one of the largest nickel and cobalt mines in the world, underscore the sector’s importance.
However, the mining industry faces challenges related to environmental sustainability, governance, and local community relations. There have been concerns about deforestation and illegal mining activities, especially in protected areas. Despite this, with proper regulation and investment, the sector has the potential to generate significant economic growth.
c) Tourism
Madagascar’s unique wildlife and pristine landscapes have long attracted eco-tourists. The island is home to over 100 species of lemurs, along with a host of other endemic animals and plants. Major tourist destinations include the Avenue of the Baobabs, Ranomafana National Park, and the beaches of Nosy Be.
Tourism has the potential to be a key driver of economic growth. However, the industry has struggled due to poor infrastructure, political instability, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent efforts have focused on improving accessibility and promoting sustainable tourism practices to protect the island’s biodiversity.
d) Fisheries
Fishing is another important sector for Madagascar, especially in coastal areas where communities rely on it for food and income. The country’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is rich in marine resources, including tuna, shrimp, and lobster. Madagascar has been working to develop sustainable fishing practices and combat illegal fishing activities, which deplete fish stocks and harm the marine ecosystem.
3. Challenges Facing Madagascar’s Economy
a) Poverty and Inequality
Poverty remains widespread in Madagascar, with nearly 75% of the population living below the poverty line (less than $1.90 per day). This has hindered the country’s economic development, as a large portion of the population lacks access to education, healthcare, and basic services.
Rural areas are particularly affected, with limited access to infrastructure such as roads, electricity, and clean water. Economic inequality is another pressing issue, as the benefits of economic growth are not evenly distributed across the population.
b) Political Instability
Madagascar has a history of political instability, with frequent changes in government through coups and contested elections. Political uncertainty has deterred foreign investment, disrupted economic reforms, and undermined development efforts. Recent elections have been relatively peaceful, but the risk of instability remains a concern for both investors and local businesses.
c) Infrastructure Deficiencies
Madagascar’s underdeveloped infrastructure is a major barrier to economic growth. Poor road networks, limited electricity access, and inadequate ports and airports make it difficult to transport goods and services, both domestically and internationally. Infrastructure gaps also limit the country’s ability to attract investment in sectors like manufacturing and tourism.
The government has prioritized infrastructure development in its economic plans, but progress has been slow due to limited financial resources and administrative inefficiencies.
d) Environmental Vulnerability
Madagascar is highly vulnerable to natural disasters such as cyclones, floods, and droughts, which can cause significant economic losses. Climate change is exacerbating these risks, particularly for the agriculture sector. In addition, Madagascar’s unique biodiversity is threatened by deforestation, land degradation, and unsustainable resource extraction.
Efforts are being made to promote environmental conservation and climate resilience, but the country’s ability to adapt to these challenges is constrained by financial and technical limitations.
4. Opportunities for Growth
Despite these challenges, Madagascar has significant opportunities for economic growth and development:
a) Agricultural Modernization
Improving agricultural productivity through better farming techniques, access to credit, and infrastructure development could boost food security and rural incomes. Madagascar has the potential to become self-sufficient in rice production and expand exports of high-value crops like vanilla, coffee, and cocoa.
b) Sustainable Tourism Development
Madagascar’s unique biodiversity and cultural heritage offer immense potential for tourism growth. Investments in infrastructure, marketing, and eco-friendly tourism could attract more international visitors, generating income and creating jobs, especially in rural areas.
c) Natural Resource Management
Madagascar’s mining sector can contribute significantly to economic growth if managed sustainably. Strengthening regulations, improving transparency, and ensuring that local communities benefit from resource extraction will be key to unlocking the full potential of this sector.
d) Renewable Energy Development
With its vast potential for solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, Madagascar can reduce its dependence on imported fossil fuels and expand access to electricity. Investments in renewable energy would not only support economic growth but also improve living conditions for millions of people without reliable energy access.
5. Government Initiatives and Reforms
In recent years, the Malagasy government has taken steps to promote economic reforms and growth. Key initiatives include:
- The Plan Emergence Madagascar (PEM): A long-term development strategy aimed at achieving sustainable economic growth, reducing poverty, and improving infrastructure.
- Public-Private Partnerships (PPP): Encouraging collaboration between the government and private investors in key sectors such as infrastructure, energy, and tourism.
- Trade and Investment Promotion: Efforts to attract foreign investment and diversify the economy, including incentives for businesses in sectors like mining, manufacturing, and agribusiness.
6. Conclusion
Madagascar’s economy faces significant challenges, including poverty, political instability, and infrastructure deficiencies. However, the country also has substantial growth potential, particularly in agriculture, mining, tourism, and renewable energy. With sound governance, investment in infrastructure, and policies that promote sustainable development.
Nepal’s Debt-to-GDP Ratio REACHES Hits 18-Year High
Nepal’s public debt has reached Rs 2.523 trillion, with an additional Rs 136.31 billion added in the first three months of this fiscal year. Of this, Rs 115 billion was borrowed within Nepal and Rs 21.31 billion from foreign sources. By mid-October, the debt-to-GDP ratio hit 44.23%, the highest since 2005/06.
Experts and the Nepal Rastra Bank warn that this debt level, far above the ideal 35.43%, could hurt investments, raise taxes, and create problems for future generations. The government will spend Rs 402 billion on loan repayments this year, which is Rs 50 billion more than the budget for capital projects. While the government blames slow revenue collection, experts point to wasteful spending as the real cause.
CODE FOR FITNESS TRACKER SYSTEM
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Advanced Fitness Tracker</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f4f4f4;
color: #333;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
transition: background-color 0.5s ease;
}
header {
background: linear-gradient(45deg, #4CAF50, #2E7D32);
color: white;
padding: 10px 20px;
text-align: center;
box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
border-radius: 8px;
position: relative;
animation: glow 1s infinite alternate;
}
@keyframes glow {
0% { box-shadow: 0 0 20px #4CAF50; }
100% { box-shadow: 0 0 30px #81c784; }
}
.container {
width: 80%;
margin: auto;
overflow: hidden;
padding: 20px;
}
#dashboard {
margin-top: 20px;
padding: 20px;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 5px;
box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}
input[type="number"], input[type="text"], select {
width: calc(100% - 22px);
padding: 10px;
margin: 5px 0;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
}
input[type="number"]:hover, input[type="text"]:hover, select:hover {
transform: scale(1.02);
border-color: #4CAF50;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(76, 175, 80, 0.5);
}
button {
padding: 10px 15px;
background: #4CAF50;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: transform 0.2s, background 0.2s;
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
button:hover {
background: #45a049;
transform: translateY(-2px) scale(1.05);
box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
}
.graph {
height: 200px;
background: #e2e2e2;
margin-top: 20px;
position: relative;
border-radius: 5px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.graph-bar {
height: 100%;
background: #4CAF50;
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
transition: width 0.5s;
}
.emoji {
font-size: 24px;
}
.slider {
width: 100%;
cursor: pointer;
margin: 10px 0;
}
.slider-container {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.quote, .tips {
background: #e0f7fa;
padding: 10px;
border-radius: 4px;
margin-top: 10px;
}
.hidden {
display: none;
}
.chart {
width: 100%;
height: 300px;
margin-top: 20px;
}
.weekly-summary, .activity-log, .personal-best {
background: #fafafa;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
padding: 15px;
border-radius: 5px;
margin-top: 15px;
}
.summary-item {
margin: 5px 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<header>
<h1>🏋️♂️ Advanced Fitness Tracker</h1>
<button onclick="toggleMode()">🌙 Toggle Dark/Light Mode</button>
</header>
<div class="container">
<div id="dashboard">
<h2>Daily Fitness Tracker</h2>
<h3>Step Counter</h3>
<div class="slider-container">
<input type="range" min="0" max="10000" value="0" class="slider" id="stepSlider" onchange="updateSteps(this.value)">
<span id="sliderValue">0 Steps</span>
</div>
<h3>Calories Burned</h3>
<div>
<strong>Calories Burned: </strong><span id="caloriesBurned">0</span> kcal
</div>
<h3>💧 Water Intake</h3>
<div class="slider-container">
<input type="range" min="0" max="5000" value="0" class="slider" id="waterSlider" onchange="updateWater(this.value)">
<span id="waterValue">0 ml</span>
</div>
<button onclick="logWater()">Log Water Intake</button>
<div>
<strong>Total Water Intake: </strong><span id="totalWater">0 ml</span>
</div>
<h3>🍽️ Diet Log</h3>
<input type="text" id="foodItem" placeholder="Food Item">
<input type="number" id="caloriesInFood" placeholder="Calories in food">
<button onclick="logFood()">Log Food</button>
<div>
<strong>Food Log:</strong>
<ul id="foodLogList"></ul>
</div>
<h3>Workout Type</h3>
<select id="workoutType">
<option value="Running">🏃♂️ Running</option>
<option value="Cycling">🚴♂️ Cycling</option>
<option value="Walking">🚶♂️ Walking</option>
<option value="Yoga">🧘♂️ Yoga</option>
<option value="Weight Training">🏋️♀️ Weight Training</option>
</select>
<input type="number" id="workoutDuration" placeholder="Workout Duration (minutes)" min="1">
<button onclick="logWorkout()">Log Workout</button>
<h3>Daily Summary</h3>
<div id="dailySummary"></div>
<h3>📊 Progress Charts</h3>
<div class="graph" id="stepsGraph">
<div class="graph-bar" id="stepsBar"></div>
</div>
<div class="graph" id="caloriesGraph">
<div class="graph-bar" id="caloriesBar"></div>
</div>
<div class="graph" id="waterGraph">
<div class="graph-bar" id="waterBar"></div>
</div>
<h3>✨ Motivation & Tips</h3>
<div class="quote" id="motivationalQuote">"You are your only limit."</div>
<div class="tips" id="fitnessTip">"Stay hydrated for better performance!"</div>
<button onclick="generateQuote()">Generate Quote</button>
<button onclick="generateTip()">Generate Tip</button>
<h3>🏆 Weekly Summary</h3>
<div class="weekly-summary" id="weeklySummary">
<strong>Steps this week:</strong> <span id="weeklySteps">0</span><br>
<strong>Calories burned this week:</strong> <span id="weeklyCalories">0</span> kcal<br>
<strong>Total water intake this week:</strong> <span id="weeklyWater">0</span> ml
</div>
<h3>Activity Log</h3>
<div class="activity-log" id="activityLog">
<strong>Activity Log:</strong>
<ul id="activityLogList"></ul>
</div>
<h3>🥇 Personal Bests</h3>
<div class="personal-best" id="personalBest">
<strong>Best Steps in a Day:</strong> <span id="bestSteps">0</span><br>
<strong>Best Calories Burned:</strong> <span id="bestCalories">0</span> kcal
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
let totalSteps = 0;
let totalCalories = 0;
let totalWater = 0;
let foodLog = [];
let workoutLog = [];
let activityLog = [];
let weeklySteps = 0;
let weeklyCalories = 0;
let weeklyWater = 0;
let bestSteps = 0;
let bestCalories = 0;
function updateSteps(value) {
totalSteps = value;
document.getElementById("sliderValue").innerText = value + " Steps";
document.getElementById("stepsBar").style.width = (totalSteps / 10000) * 100 + "%";
updateSummary();
}
function updateWater(value) {
totalWater = value;
document.getElementById("waterValue").innerText = value + " ml";
document.getElementById("waterBar").style.width = (totalWater / 5000) * 100 + "%";
}
function logWater() {
document.getElementById("totalWater").innerText = parseInt(document.getElementById("totalWater").innerText) + totalWater + " ml";
weeklyWater += totalWater;
document.getElementById("weeklyWater").innerText = weeklyWater + " ml";
}
function logFood() {
const foodItem = document.getElementById("foodItem").value;
const caloriesInFood = document.getElementById("caloriesInFood").value;
if (foodItem && caloriesInFood) {
foodLog.push({ item: foodItem, calories: caloriesInFood });
const foodLogList = document.getElementById("foodLogList");
foodLogList.innerHTML += `<li>${foodItem} - ${caloriesInFood} kcal</li>`;
totalCalories += parseInt(caloriesInFood);
weeklyCalories += parseInt(caloriesInFood);
document.getElementById("caloriesBurned").innerText = totalCalories;
document.getElementById("weeklyCalories").innerText = weeklyCalories + " kcal";
updateSummary();
}
}
function logWorkout() {
const workoutType = document.getElementById("workoutType").value;
const workoutDuration = document.getElementById("workoutDuration").value;
if (workoutDuration) {
activityLog.push({ type: workoutType, duration: workoutDuration });
const activityLogList = document.getElementById("activityLogList");
activityLogList.innerHTML += `<li>${workoutType} for ${workoutDuration} minutes</li>`;
updateSummary();
}
}
function updateSummary() {
document.getElementById("dailySummary").innerText =
`Total Steps: ${totalSteps}, Calories Burned: ${totalCalories}, Total Water Intake: ${totalWater} ml`;
if (totalSteps > bestSteps) {
bestSteps = totalSteps;
document.getElementById("bestSteps").innerText = bestSteps;
}
if (totalCalories > bestCalories) {
bestCalories = totalCalories;
document.getElementById("bestCalories").innerText = bestCalories;
}
document.getElementById("stepsBar").style.width = (totalSteps / 10000) * 100 + "%";
document.getElementById("caloriesBar").style.width = (totalCalories / 2000) * 100 + "%";
document.getElementById("waterBar").style.width = (totalWater / 5000) * 100 + "%";
updateWeeklySummary();
}
function updateWeeklySummary() {
document.getElementById("weeklySteps").innerText = weeklySteps;
document.getElementById("weeklyCalories").innerText = weeklyCalories + " kcal";
document.getElementById("weeklyWater").innerText = weeklyWater + " ml";
}
function generateQuote() {
const quotes = [
"You are your only limit.",
"Push yourself, because no one else is going to do it for you.",
"Great things never come from comfort zones.",
"Dream it. Wish it. Do it.",
"Success doesn't just find you. You have to go out and get it."
];
const randomIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * quotes.length);
document.getElementById("motivationalQuote").innerText = quotes[randomIndex];
}
function generateTip() {
const tips = [
"Stay hydrated for better performance!",
"Incorporate more fruits and vegetables into your diet.",
"Make sure to warm up before workouts.",
"Find a workout buddy for motivation.",
"Set realistic goals and celebrate small victories."
];
const randomIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * tips.length);
document.getElementById("fitnessTip").innerText = tips[randomIndex];
}
function toggleMode() {
const body = document.body;
body.style.backgroundColor = body.style.backgroundColor === "white" ? "#333" : "white";
body.style.color = body.style.color === "black" ? "white" : "black";
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
US PRESIDENTAL ELECTIONS
Understanding the U States Presidential Elections: A Comprehensive Guide
The United States presidential elections are a cornerstone of American democracy, occurring every four years on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November. This pivotal event not only determines the nation’s leader but also influences domestic and foreign policies, economic strategies, and social issues.
The Electoral Process
The presidential election process involves several key stages:
- Primaries and Caucuses: Before the general election, each political party conducts primary elections and caucuses to select their nominee. Voters in each state participate in these events, which are crucial for determining who will represent the party in the general election.
- National Conventions: After the primaries, each party holds a national convention where delegates formally nominate their candidate for president. These conventions are also a platform for outlining the party’s platform and priorities.
- General Election Campaign: Once candidates are nominated, they campaign across the country to garner support. This phase includes debates, advertisements, and rallies, where candidates articulate their policies and vision for the nation.
- Election Day: On Election Day, citizens cast their votes for their preferred candidate. However, the actual process involves the Electoral College, where electors from each state officially cast votes based on the popular vote in their state.
- Electoral College: Each state has a certain number of electoral votes based on its population. A candidate needs a majority of the 538 electoral votes (at least 270) to win the presidency. This system can sometimes lead to scenarios where a candidate wins the presidency without winning the popular vote.
- Inauguration: The elected president is inaugurated on January 20 of the following year, marking the official beginning of their term.
Historical Context
The U.S. presidential elections have a rich history that reflects the evolution of American society. From the first election in 1788-1789, where George Washington was unanimously elected, to the contentious races of recent years, each election has played a significant role in shaping the nation.
Major Milestones in U.S. Presidential Elections:
- The 1824 Election: Often referred to as the “Corrupt Bargain,” this election saw John Quincy Adams winning despite losing the popular vote.
- The 1860 Election: Abraham Lincoln’s election led to the Civil War, underscoring the profound impact of presidential elections on national unity.
- The 1960 Election: This was the first election to feature televised debates, changing how candidates interacted with voters.
- The 2000 Election: A contentious and controversial election that was decided by a Supreme Court ruling, leading to ongoing discussions about the electoral process.
The Importance of Voter Engagement
Voter engagement is critical in presidential elections. High voter turnout ensures that the elected president represents the will of the people. Various factors, such as voter registration laws, accessibility, and awareness, influence turnout rates.
Ways to Increase Voter Engagement:
- Education: Informing citizens about the electoral process, candidates, and issues can empower them to participate.
- Outreach Programs: Initiatives aimed at underrepresented communities can help increase turnout.
- Online Platforms: Social media and other online platforms provide opportunities for candidates to connect with voters and encourage participation.
Conclusion
The U.S. presidential elections are not just a political event; they are a reflection of the nation’s values, priorities, and democratic principles. Understanding the electoral process, historical context, and the importance of voter engagement can empower citizens to take an active role in shaping their government.
By participating in elections, individuals can influence the future direction of the country. As the next election approaches, it is crucial for every American to understand their role in this vital democratic process.
सुनको मुल्यले आजपनि नयाँ किर्तिमान
सुनको मुल्य बढ्ने क्रम आज पनि जारी रहेको छ । सुनको मुल्यले आज पनि नयाँ किर्तिमान बनाएको हो ।
नेपाल सुनचाँदी व्यवसायी महासंघका अनुसार मंगलबार सुन तोलाको ३ सयले बढेर अहिलेसम्मकै उच्च तोलाको एक लाख ६५ हजार ९ सय पुगेको छ ।
यस अघि सोमबार सुन तोलाको एक लाख ६५ हजार ६ सयमा कारोबार भएको थियो ।
त्यस्तै आज चाँदीको मूल्य पनि बढेको छ । आज चाँदी प्रतितोला ५ रुपैयाँले बढेर २१०० रुपैयाँमा कारोबार भइरहेको महासंघले जनाएको छ ।
NEPSE SUMMARY OCT 22 2024
Market Summary
Total Turnover
Rs: 4,171,665,619.70
Total Traded Shares
10,962,281
Total Transactions
53,678
Total Scrips Traded
314
Total Market Capitalization
Rs: 4,238,895,476,670.7
Total Float Market Capitalization
Rs: 1,503,871,808,218.2
Top Turnover
| Symbol | Turnover | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| GFCL | Rs: 173,241,464.20 | 1,045.10 |
| KBL | Rs: 138,006,730.80 | 240.90 |
| HRL | Rs: 122,848,093.60 | 865.00 |
| PHCL | Rs: 109,995,973.90 | 475.00 |
| SBI | Rs: 89,329,008.10 | 488.90 |
| HDL | Rs: 75,944,956.50 | 1,374.00 |
| SHIVM | Rs: 67,311,691.80 | 607.00 |
| NGPL | Rs: 61,269,035.70 | 474.90 |
| HATHY | Rs: 61,217,259.80 | 1,439.90 |
| HIDCLP | Rs: 60,794,661.20 | 185.00 |
Top Volume
| Symbol | Shares Traded | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| KBL | 572,846 | 240.90 |
| SFMF | 493,400 | 10.40 |
| HIDCLP | 330,391 | 185.00 |
| SEF | 287,832 | 9.75 |
| PHCL | 233,669 | 475.00 |
| PRVU | 230,874 | 258.00 |
| RMF1 | 222,860 | 9.25 |
| GBIME | 206,907 | 260.50 |
| HDHPC | 206,319 | 212.90 |
| SBI | 185,489 | 488.90 |
Top Transactions
| Symbol | No. of Transactions | LTP |
|---|---|---|
| HRL | 1,510 | 865.00 |
| KBL | 1,330 | 240.90 |
| GFCL | 1,130 | 1,045.10 |
| PHCL | 1,097 | 475.00 |
| HDL | 868 | 1,374.00 |
| NIFRA | 826 | 285.00 |
| PRVU | 795 | 258.00 |
| UPPER | 745 | 216.00 |
| GBIME | 714 | 260.50 |
| SHIVM | 677 | 607.00 |
Market Summary
📈 Top Gainers +
| Symbol | LTP | Pt. Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| RAWA | 860.00 | 70.00 | 8.86 |
| MEHL | 400.00 | 29.00 | 7.82 |
| TSHL | 920.00 | 55.00 | 6.36 |
| MSLB | 1,634.00 | 94.00 | 6.10 |
| MKJC | 468.90 | 26.90 | 6.09 |
| CORBL | 969.00 | 54.20 | 5.92 |
| NADEP | 1,085.00 | 60.00 | 5.85 |
| PPCL | 267.20 | 13.70 | 5.40 |
| LEC | 282.80 | 13.80 | 5.13 |
| GVL | 560.50 | 26.50 | 4.96 |
📉 Top Losers ×
| Symbol | LTP | Pt. Change | % Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| WNLB | 2,730.00 | -136.00 | -4.75 |
| KMCDB | 1,038.90 | -51.10 | -4.69 |
| GIBF1 | 9.59 | -0.38 | -3.81 |
| PBD88 | 1,100.00 | -33.00 | -2.91 |
| SIKLES | 710.00 | -18.20 | -2.50 |
| MHL | 721.50 | -18.00 | -2.43 |
| SBLD89 | 1,183.90 | -24.10 | -2.00 |
| GBILD84/85 | 1,151.50 | -23.50 | -2.00 |
| SBLD83 | 1,074.00 | -21.70 | -1.98 |
| CIZBD90 | 1,080.00 | -21.60 | -1.96 |
NEPAL WIN OVER MALDIVES ON SAFF WOMENS CHAMPIONSHIP 2024
Nepal has secured four points from two matches. Bhutan also has four points from their two matches. Nepal is at the top of the group based on goal difference. Sri Lanka is in third place with three points, while the Maldives has no points.
With this, the Maldives’ challenge in the tournament has come to an end. Now, Nepal will face Sri Lanka in their final match of the league stage, while Bhutan will clash with the Maldives.
In the match held at Dasarath Stadium, Rekha scored five goals, netting them in the 32nd, 42nd, 48th, 63rd, and 77th minutes. Additionally, Preeti Rai scored in the 6th, 65th, and 87th minutes. Three other goals were credited to Sabita Ranamagar, Anita KC, and Amisha Karki.
Nepal scored 11 goals against the Maldives.
In this match, Sabita scored in the 29th minute, Anita in the 68th minute, and Amisha in the 88th minute. This game also marked the debut of Sajani Thokar for Nepal. However, Savitra Bhandari, who arrived in Nepal from France on Sunday morning for this tournament, was unable to take the field.
DOLAND TRUMP
Biography of Donald Trump
Donald John Trump was born on June 14, 1946, in Queens, New York City. He is the fourth of five children born to Frederick C. and Mary MacLeod Trump. His father was a successful real estate developer, which influenced Trump’s career trajectory. He attended Fordham University for two years before transferring to the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, where he graduated in 1968 with a Bachelor of Science degree in economics.
Early Career
After graduating, Trump joined his father’s real estate business, E. Trump & Son, where he focused on residential real estate in Brooklyn and Queens. In 1971, he took control of the company, renaming it The Trump Organization. He expanded the business into Manhattan, where he became known for ambitious real estate developments, including Trump Tower, which opened in 1983.
Trump’s success in real estate earned him a reputation as a savvy businessman and a media personality. He expanded his brand through various ventures, including casinos, hotels, and golf courses. His flamboyant lifestyle and larger-than-life persona made him a staple in popular culture.
Television Career
In 2004, Trump gained widespread fame as the host of the reality television show “The Apprentice,” where contestants competed for a job in his organization. The show was a ratings success and further solidified Trump’s status as a celebrity businessman. His catchphrase, “You’re fired!” became iconic, and he leveraged this fame into a political career.
Political Career
Trump announced his candidacy for the 2016 presidential election on June 16, 2015. Running as a Republican, he campaigned on a platform that included immigration reform, economic nationalism, and an “America First” approach to foreign policy. His unconventional style, direct communication, and ability to engage with voters through social media set him apart from traditional politicians.
Despite skepticism from political analysts, Trump secured the Republican nomination and won the presidential election on November 8, 2016, defeating Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton. His victory was attributed to significant support in key swing states, where he promised to bring jobs back to America and prioritize American interests.
Presidency
Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States on January 20, 2017. His presidency was marked by several significant events and policies:
- Tax Reform: In December 2017, Trump signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which lowered the corporate tax rate and aimed to stimulate economic growth.
- Immigration Policies: He pursued strict immigration policies, including the construction of a border wall between the U.S. and Mexico and the controversial travel ban from several predominantly Muslim countries.
- Deregulation: Trump emphasized deregulation, rolling back numerous environmental and business regulations, arguing that it would spur economic growth.
- Judicial Appointments: He appointed three Supreme Court justices—Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh, and Amy Coney Barrett—shaping the court’s ideological balance for years to come.
- COVID-19 Response: The Trump administration faced criticism for its handling of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in terms of testing and public health messaging.
Trump’s presidency was also marked by frequent controversies and conflicts with the media. He used Twitter as a primary communication tool, often bypassing traditional media outlets. His administration faced multiple investigations, including impeachment by the House of Representatives in December 2019 on charges of abuse of power and obstruction of Congress, though he was acquitted by the Senate.
2020 Presidential Election
In the 2020 presidential election, Trump ran for re-election against Democratic nominee Joe Biden. The election was held on November 3, 2020, and was marked by record voter turnout. Biden won the election, receiving 306 electoral votes to Trump’s 232. Trump refused to concede, alleging widespread voter fraud, although these claims were not substantiated by evidence.
Post-Presidency
After leaving office on January 20, 2021, Trump remained a dominant figure in the Republican Party. He continued to hold rallies and endorse candidates aligned with his agenda. In February 2021, he was acquitted in a second impeachment trial, becoming the first president in U.S. history to be impeached twice.
In November 2022, Trump announced his candidacy for the 2024 presidential election, aiming to regain the presidency amid ongoing political polarization and challenges facing the country.
Personal Life
Donald Trump has been married three times. His first marriage to Ivana Trump (1977-1992) produced three children: Donald Jr., Ivanka, and Eric. His second marriage to Marla Maples (1993-1999) resulted in one daughter, Tiffany. In 2005, he married Melania Knauss, a former model, and they have one son, Barron.
JOE BIDEN
Biography of Joe Biden
Early Life
Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. was born on November 20, 1942, in Scranton, Pennsylvania. He was the eldest of four siblings in a middle-class family. His father, Joseph Sr., worked as a used car salesman, while his mother, Catherine Eugenia Finnegan Biden, was a homemaker. Biden faced challenges in his early life, including a stutter that he worked diligently to overcome. His family moved to Delaware when he was ten years old, seeking better job opportunities.
Biden attended Archmere Academy, a private Catholic high school, where he excelled in academics and sports. He then went on to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree in history and political science from the University of Delaware in 1965. Biden later attended Syracuse University College of Law, graduating with a Juris Doctor degree in 1968.
Early Career
After law school, Biden worked as an attorney and quickly became involved in politics. He served on the New Castle County Council from 1970 to 1972, where he gained valuable experience in local governance. His political ambitions grew, and in 1972, at the age of 29, he decided to run for the U.S. Senate from Delaware.
U.S. Senate Career
Biden was elected to the Senate on November 7, 1972, defeating incumbent Republican J. Caleb Boggs. His victory made him one of the youngest senators in U.S. history. Tragically, just weeks after his election, Biden’s wife, Neilia, and their one-year-old daughter, Naomi, were killed in a car accident. His two sons, Beau and Hunter, survived the crash, and Biden faced the daunting challenge of raising them as a single father while serving in the Senate.
During his 36 years in the Senate, Biden became known for his work on foreign relations, criminal justice, and domestic policy. He served on several committees, including the Senate Judiciary Committee, where he played a key role in shaping legislation related to crime, civil rights, and judicial appointments. Biden was also a prominent voice on foreign policy issues, advocating for the expansion of NATO and U.S. engagement in global affairs.
Vice Presidency
In 2008, Biden was selected as the running mate for Democratic presidential nominee Barack Obama. The Obama-Biden ticket won the election, and Biden became the 47th Vice President of the United States, serving from 2009 to 2017. During his tenure, he focused on several key initiatives, including:
- Economic Recovery: Biden played a crucial role in the implementation of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, which aimed to stimulate the economy following the 2008 financial crisis.
- Healthcare Reform: He was instrumental in promoting the Affordable Care Act, which aimed to expand healthcare coverage to millions of Americans.
- Foreign Policy: Biden was involved in significant foreign policy decisions, including the U.S. withdrawal from Iraq and efforts to combat terrorism, particularly during the Navy SEAL operation that killed Osama bin Laden in 2011.
2020 Presidential Campaign
After leaving office in 2017, Biden continued to be active in politics and public life. In April 2019, he announced his candidacy for the 2020 presidential election. His campaign focused on unifying the country, addressing issues such as healthcare, climate change, and racial justice. Biden faced a crowded Democratic primary but ultimately secured the nomination.
In the general election, held on November 3, 2020, Biden ran against incumbent President Donald Trump. His campaign emphasized a return to normalcy and stability in the face of the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Biden won the election with 306 electoral votes, defeating Trump, who received 232 electoral votes.
Presidency
Joe Biden was inaugurated as the 46th President of the United States on January 20, 2021. His administration has focused on several key priorities:
- COVID-19 Response: Biden launched an aggressive vaccination campaign and introduced measures to address the economic fallout from the pandemic.
- Infrastructure Investment: He proposed the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, aiming to revitalize American infrastructure and create jobs.
- Climate Change: Biden re-entered the Paris Agreement and set ambitious goals for reducing carbon emissions.
- Social Justice: His administration has sought to address systemic racism and promote equity in various sectors.
Personal Life
Joe Biden married his second wife, Jill Biden, in 1977. Jill is an educator and has been an advocate for education and military families. They have one daughter, Ashley Biden. Biden’s family has been a significant source of support throughout his political career. Tragically, his son Beau Biden passed away from brain cancer in 2015, a loss that deeply affected him.
Conclusion
Joe Biden’s life and career reflect a journey marked by resilience, dedication to public service, and a commitment to the principles of democracy. As he continues to navigate the challenges of his presidency, Biden remains a significant figure in American politics, shaping the future of the nation through his policies and leadership.
US ELECTIONS 2024
Introduction
The U.S. elections are a cornerstone of democracy, shaping the political landscape and impacting citizens’ lives across the nation. The 2024 elections are particularly significant, set against a backdrop of economic uncertainty, social change, and geopolitical tensions. As the country prepares for the upcoming elections, understanding the historical context, key issues, candidates, and potential implications is crucial.
Chapter 1: Historical Context
The history of U.S. elections reveals a dynamic political landscape marked by pivotal moments. From the first presidential election in 1789 to the election of Barack Obama in 2008, each election has left a profound impact on the nation. For instance, the 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln was a turning point that led to the Civil War, highlighting the contentious issues of slavery and states’ rights. Similarly, the 1932 election during the Great Depression led to Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal, reshaping the role of government in economic recovery. Understanding these historical moments provides valuable insight into the political climate leading up to 2024.
Chapter 2: The Electoral System
The U.S. electoral system is unique, relying on the Electoral College to determine the president. In the general election, voters cast ballots for electors pledged to their chosen candidate, who then formally elect the president. This system can lead to scenarios where the winner of the popular vote does not win the presidency, as seen in the elections of 2000 and 2016. Primary elections, which determine party nominees, vary by state in terms of their structure—some use caucuses, while others hold direct primaries. Understanding these nuances is essential for grasping how candidates emerge and how elections are contested.
Chapter 3: Major Political Parties
The two dominant political parties, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party, play crucial roles in shaping U.S. politics. The Democratic Party, traditionally aligned with progressive ideals, focuses on issues like healthcare access, climate change, and social justice. In contrast, the Republican Party emphasizes limited government, lower taxes, and a strong national defense. The rise of third parties, such as the Libertarian Party and the Green Party, has added complexity to the electoral landscape, challenging the traditional two-party system. Political action committees (PACs) and super PACs significantly influence campaign financing, further shaping electoral outcomes.
Chapter 4: Key Issues for the 2024 Elections
Several key issues are expected to dominate the 2024 elections:
- Economic Policies: With inflation rates impacting everyday Americans, candidates will need to address economic recovery strategies.
- Healthcare Reform: The Affordable Care Act and its implications for access to healthcare remain central topics in the political discourse.
- Climate Change: Environmental policies and climate change will be at the forefront, especially as extreme weather events become more frequent.
- Social Justice: Issues of racial equality, LGBTQ+ rights, and immigration reform are critical to many voters.
- Foreign Policy: With ongoing conflicts and tensions around the globe, national security and foreign relations will be vital issues.
Chapter 5: Candidates for President
As of now, the major candidates for the presidency in 2024 include:
- Democratic Candidates: President Joe Biden is expected to run for re-election, focusing on his administration’s achievements and future plans. Other potential challengers may emerge from the party.
- Republican Candidates: Former President Donald Trump has declared his candidacy, aiming to return to office after losing in 2020. Other notable candidates include Florida Governor Ron DeSantis and former Vice President Mike Pence, each bringing distinct platforms.
- Third-Party Candidates: As the election date approaches, several independent and third-party candidates may enter the race, potentially influencing the dynamics of the election.
Candidate Profiles
Joe Biden (Democrat)
- Background: Joe Biden served as Vice President under Barack Obama from 2009 to 2017 and was a U.S. Senator for Delaware from 1973 to 2009.
- Key Issues: His campaign focuses on economic recovery, healthcare expansion, and climate change initiatives.
Donald Trump (Republican)
- Background: Donald Trump served as the 45th President from 2017 to 2021, known for his unconventional approach to politics.
- Key Issues: His campaign emphasizes “America First” policies, economic growth, and a strong stance on immigration.
Ron DeSantis (Republican)
- Background: As the Governor of Florida, DeSantis has gained national attention for his handling of various state issues.
- Key Issues: His platform focuses on individual freedoms, economic recovery, and educational reform.
Chapter 6: Campaign Strategies
Campaign strategies in 2024 are evolving, with a notable emphasis on digital outreach and grassroots movements. Social media platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram have become essential tools for candidates to connect with voters, share their messages, and mobilize supporters. The use of data analytics allows campaigns to target specific demographics effectively, tailoring messages to resonate with various voter groups.
Grassroots organizing is also gaining traction, as candidates engage directly with communities to build support. Fundraising remains critical, with candidates relying on both small donations from individual supporters and large contributions from PACs to finance their campaigns.
Chapter 7: Voter Engagement
Voter engagement is paramount for the success of any campaign. Efforts to increase voter registration, especially among young and marginalized populations, are crucial. Organizations are working tirelessly to educate voters about the electoral process and the importance of their participation. Issues such as voter ID laws and accessibility continue to pose challenges for many voters, prompting discussions about reforming voting regulations.
Chapter 8: The Role of Debates and Media Coverage
Presidential debates serve as a significant platform for candidates to showcase their policies and engage with opponents. The format and substance of these debates can greatly influence public perception. Additionally, media coverage plays a critical role in shaping narratives around candidates. However, concerns about bias and misinformation have led to increased scrutiny of how news outlets report on elections.
Chapter 9: Election Security
Ensuring election security is a pressing concern for the 2024 elections. Following the controversies of the 2020 elections, measures have been put in place to safeguard against foreign interference and domestic threats. This includes increased funding for cybersecurity and public education campaigns to bolster confidence in the electoral process.
Chapter 10: Predictions and Polling
Polling data leading up to the elections can provide insights into voter sentiment and potential outcomes. As of now, polls show varying levels of support for candidates, with key swing states being closely monitored. Historical comparisons suggest that shifts in public opinion could occur rapidly, making it essential for campaigns to adapt their strategies accordingly.
Chapter 11: Post-Election Scenario
Following the election, the transition period is crucial for ensuring a smooth handover of power. The winning candidate will begin assembling their administration and outlining a legislative agenda. The implications of the election results can have long-term effects on U.S. policy, from healthcare reforms to foreign relations.
Chapter 12: Conclusion
The 2024 U.S. elections are poised to be pivotal, shaping the future direction of the country. With pressing issues at stake and a diverse array of candidates, voter engagement and informed decision-making will be essential. As citizens prepare to cast their votes, the importance of participating in the democratic process cannot be overstated. It is a time for reflection, action, and commitment to the ideals that define the United States.
LIST OF PRESIDENT OF UNITED STATES WITH TENURE
The President of the United States is the head of state and government, as well as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The presidency has a rich history dating back to the late 18th century and has evolved significantly over time. Here’s a detailed overview of the U.S. presidents, their tenures, major works, and the periods they served.
1. George Washington (1789-1797)
- Tenure: First President of the United States.
- Major Works:
- Established many protocols for the new government.
- Set a precedent for a two-term limit.
- Created a cabinet to advise him.
- Led the nation through the Whiskey Rebellion, affirming the federal government’s authority.
2. John Adams (1797-1801)
- Tenure: Second President.
- Major Works:
- Oversaw the passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts.
- Advocated for a strong navy and established the U.S. Marine Corps.
- Promoted the idea of independence and freedom of the press.
3. Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809)
- Tenure: Third President.
- Major Works:
- Completed the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, doubling the size of the U.S.
- Commissioned the Lewis and Clark Expedition.
- Advocated for the separation of church and state.
4. James Madison (1809-1817)
- Tenure: Fourth President.
- Major Works:
- Led the nation during the War of 1812 against Great Britain.
- Contributed to the drafting of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights.
- Championed the first national bank.
5. James Monroe (1817-1825)
- Tenure: Fifth President.
- Major Works:
- Established the Monroe Doctrine, asserting U.S. opposition to European colonialism in the Americas.
- Oversaw the acquisition of Florida from Spain.
- Promoted the Missouri Compromise, balancing slave and free states.
6. John Quincy Adams (1825-1829)
- Tenure: Sixth President.
- Major Works:
- Advocated for modernization and scientific exploration.
- Supported internal improvements like roads and canals.
- Fought against slavery as a member of the House of Representatives after his presidency.
7. Andrew Jackson (1829-1837)
- Tenure: Seventh President.
- Major Works:
- Implemented the Indian Removal Act, leading to the Trail of Tears.
- Opposed the Second Bank of the United States, leading to its dissolution.
- Expanded suffrage to more white males.
8. Martin Van Buren (1837-1841)
- Tenure: Eighth President.
- Major Works:
- Managed the economic crisis of 1837, known as the Panic of 1837.
- Advocated for the establishment of an independent treasury.
- Worked to create the Democratic Party.
9. William Henry Harrison (1841)
- Tenure: Ninth President (31 days).
- Major Works:
- Served the shortest presidency due to his death from pneumonia.
- His brief tenure is marked by his inaugural address, the longest in history.
10. John Tyler (1841-1845)
- Tenure: Tenth President.
- Major Works:
- First vice president to succeed to the presidency.
- Annexed Texas in 1845.
- Advocated for a more aggressive foreign policy.
11. James K. Polk (1845-1849)
- Tenure: Eleventh President.
- Major Works:
- Led the nation during the Mexican-American War, acquiring California and New Mexico.
- Established the U.S.-Canada border at the 49th parallel.
- Promoted Manifest Destiny.
12. Zachary Taylor (1849-1850)
- Tenure: Twelfth President (16 months).
- Major Works:
- Advocated for the admission of California as a free state.
- Died in office, leading to his vice president taking over.
13. Millard Fillmore (1850-1853)
- Tenure: Thirteenth President.
- Major Works:
- Supported the Compromise of 1850, which included the Fugitive Slave Act.
- Opened trade with Japan through Commodore Perry’s expedition.
14. Franklin Pierce (1853-1857)
- Tenure: Fourteenth President.
- Major Works:
- Advocated for the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which led to violent conflict.
- Strengthened U.S. relations with Japan and China.
15. James Buchanan (1857-1861)
- Tenure: Fifteenth President.
- Major Works:
- His administration faced increasing sectional tensions leading to the Civil War.
- Failed to address the secession of Southern states.
16. Abraham Lincoln (1861-1865)
- Tenure: Sixteenth President.
- Major Works:
- Led the country during the Civil War, preserving the Union.
- Issued the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing enslaved people in Confederate states.
- Delivered the Gettysburg Address, emphasizing the principles of liberty and equality.
17. Andrew Johnson (1865-1869)
- Tenure: Seventeenth President.
- Major Works:
- Oversaw the Reconstruction era following the Civil War.
- Impeached by the House but acquitted by the Senate.
- Advocated for a lenient approach to Southern reintegration.
18. Ulysses S. Grant (1869-1877)
- Tenure: Eighteenth President.
- Major Works:
- Worked to stabilize the post-Civil War economy.
- Supported Reconstruction efforts and civil rights for freed slaves.
- His administration faced corruption scandals.
19. Rutherford B. Hayes (1877-1881)
- Tenure: Nineteenth President.
- Major Works:
- Ended Reconstruction by withdrawing federal troops from the South.
- Promoted civil service reform and an end to patronage.
20. James A. Garfield (1881)
- Tenure: Twentieth President (200 days).
- Major Works:
- Advocated for civil service reform and education.
- Assassinated shortly after taking office.
21. Chester A. Arthur (1881-1885)
- Tenure: Twenty-first President.
- Major Works:
- Implemented the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing merit-based hiring.
22. Grover Cleveland (1885-1889, 1893-1897)
- Tenure: Twenty-second and Twenty-fourth President (only president to serve two non-consecutive terms).
- Major Works:
- Opposed high tariffs and fought against corruption.
- Managed the economic downturn during the Panic of 1893.
23. Benjamin Harrison (1889-1893)
- Tenure: Twenty-third President.
- Major Works:
- Signed the Sherman Antitrust Act, combating monopolies.
- Advocated for veterans’ pensions and increased tariffs.
24. William McKinley (1897-1901)
- Tenure: Twenty-fifth President.
- Major Works:
- Led the nation during the Spanish-American War, acquiring territories like Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
- Supported the gold standard and protective tariffs.
25. Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909)
- Tenure: Twenty-sixth President.
- Major Works:
- Known for trust-busting and regulating corporations.
- Advocated for conservation and established national parks.
- Negotiated the end of the Russo-Japanese War, earning a Nobel Peace Prize.
26. William Howard Taft (1909-1913)
- Tenure: Twenty-seventh President.
- Major Works:
- Continued Roosevelt’s progressive policies, trust-busting.
- Established the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.
- Later served as Chief Justice of the United States.
27. Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921)
- Tenure: Twenty-eighth President.
- Major Works:
- Led the U.S. during World War I, promoting the League of Nations.
- Introduced the Federal Reserve Act, creating the central banking system.
- Advocated for women’s suffrage.
28. Warren G. Harding (1921-1923)
- Tenure: Twenty-ninth President.
- Major Works:
- Promoted a return to normalcy post-World War I.
- His administration was marred by scandals, including Teapot Dome.
29. Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929)
- Tenure: Thirtieth President.
- Major Works:
- Known for his laissez-faire economic policies.
- Focused on reducing the federal budget and taxes.
30. Herbert Hoover (1929-1933)
- Tenure: Thirty-first President.
- Major Works:
- His presidency was marked by the onset of the Great Depression.
- Advocated for voluntary cooperation and limited government intervention.
31. Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1945)
- Tenure: Thirty-second President.
- Major Works:
- Implemented the New Deal to combat the Great Depression.
- Led the U.S. during World War II.
- Established Social Security and various social programs.
32. Harry S. Truman (1945-1953)
- Tenure: Thirty-third President.
- Major Works:
- Implemented the Truman Doctrine to contain communism.
- Oversaw the Marshall Plan for European recovery post-WWII.
- Made the decision to use atomic bombs on Japan.
33. Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953-1961)
- Tenure: Thirty-fourth President.
- Major Works:
- Managed Cold War tensions and promoted containment policies.
- Established the Interstate Highway System.
- Warned against the military-industrial complex.
34. John F. Kennedy (1961-1963)
- Tenure: Thirty-fifth President.
- Major Works:
- Promoted civil rights and the Peace Corps.
- Managed the Cuban Missile Crisis.
- Assassinated in 1963.
35. Lyndon B. Johnson (1963-1969)
- Tenure: Thirty-sixth President.
- Major Works:
- Implemented the Great Society programs, including Medicare and Medicaid.
- Signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
- Escalated U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War.
36. Richard Nixon (1969-1974)
- Tenure: Thirty-seventh President.
- Major Works:
- Opened diplomatic relations with China.
- Implemented environmental reforms, including the EPA.
- Resigned in the wake of the Watergate scandal.
37. Gerald Ford (1974-1977)
- Tenure: Thirty-eighth President.
- Major Works:
- Took office after Nixon’s resignation.
- Issued a controversial pardon to Nixon.
- Managed economic challenges, including inflation.
38. Jimmy Carter (1977-1981)
- Tenure: Thirty-ninth President.
- Major Works:
- Promoted human rights and diplomacy, including the Camp David Accords.
- Faced the Iran Hostage Crisis.
- Advocated for energy conservation and renewable energy.
39. Ronald Reagan (1981-1989)
- Tenure: Fortieth President.
- Major Works:
- Implemented supply-side economic policies known as “Reaganomics.”
- Played a significant role in ending the Cold War.
- Appointed the first female Supreme Court Justice, Sandra Day O’Connor.
40. George H.W. Bush (1989-1993)
- Tenure: Forty-first President.
- Major Works:
- Led the U.S. during the Gulf War.
- Promoted a “New World Order” post-Cold War.
- Signed the Americans with Disabilities Act.
41. Bill Clinton (1993-2001)
- Tenure: Forty-second President.
- Major Works:
- Implemented welfare reform and economic policies that led to budget surpluses.
- Promoted the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
- Faced impeachment over a scandal involving Monica Lewinsky but was acquitted.
42. George W. Bush (2001-2009)
- Tenure: Forty-third President.
- Major Works:
- Responded to the September 11 attacks by launching the War on Terror.
- Initiated wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
- Passed the No Child Left Behind Act.
43. Barack Obama (2009-2017)
- Tenure: Forty-fourth President.
- Major Works:
- First African American president.
- Implemented the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare).
- Promoted clean energy and enacted policies to combat climate change.
44. Donald Trump (2017-2021)
- Tenure: Forty-fifth President.
- Major Works:
- Implemented tax cuts and deregulation.
- Appointed three Supreme Court Justices.
- Faced impeachment twice, acquitted both times.
45. Joe Biden (2021-present)
- Tenure: Forty-sixth President.
- Major Works:
- Focused on combating the COVID-19 pandemic and economic recovery.
- Implemented the American Rescue Plan.
- Advocated for infrastructure spending and climate change policies.
Conclusion
The presidency of the United States has evolved through various challenges, reflecting the nation’s values and ideals. Each president has left an indelible mark on the office, shaping the course of American history through their decisions and policies. From Washington to Biden, the legacy of the presidency continues to influence both domestic and international affairs. The responsibilities and challenges of the office remain immense, as each president navigates the complexities of leadership in a diverse and dynamic society.
ECONOMY OF GHANA
Key Features of Ghana’s Economy:
- Economic Structure:
- Ghana has a mixed economy and is classified as a lower-middle-income country. As of 2022, its GDP was approximately USD 78 billion. The economy is diverse, with significant contributions from agriculture, services, and industry.
- Agriculture:
- Agriculture is a vital sector, employing a large portion of the population. Major crops include cocoa (one of the world’s largest producers), gold, cassava, yams, and plantains. Cocoa exports play a critical role in the economy.
- Mining and Natural Resources:
- Ghana is known for its rich mineral resources, particularly gold, which is a significant export commodity. The country is one of the largest gold producers in Africa. Other minerals include bauxite and manganese.
- Oil and Gas:
- The discovery of oil in commercial quantities in 2007 transformed Ghana’s economy. The Jubilee Oil Field and subsequent discoveries have positioned Ghana as an emerging oil producer, contributing to economic growth and job creation.
- Services Sector:
- The services sector has been growing rapidly, driven by telecommunications, banking, and tourism. The government has encouraged investment in this sector to enhance economic diversification.
- Foreign Investment:
- Ghana has attracted significant foreign direct investment, especially in the oil, gas, and mining sectors. The government has implemented policies to improve the business environment and attract more investment.
- Economic Challenges:
- Despite growth, Ghana faces challenges such as inflation, a high public debt burden, and the need for infrastructure development. These factors can impact economic stability and growth.
- Government Policies:
- The Ghanaian government has initiated several policies aimed at economic transformation, including the “Ghana Beyond Aid” agenda, which seeks to promote self-reliance and sustainable development.
- Sustainable Development:
- There is a growing focus on sustainable development, particularly in promoting renewable energy and addressing environmental issues related to mining and agriculture.
Conclusion:
Ghana’s economy is characterized by its agricultural strength, growing oil and gas sector, and expanding services industry. While challenges remain, ongoing reforms and diversification efforts offer potential for sustainable economic growth.
For more detailed information about Ghana’s economy, you can refer to resources like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
ECONOMY OF KENYA
Key Features of Kenya’s Economy:
- Economic Structure:
- Kenya has a mixed economy, with agriculture, manufacturing, and services sectors playing critical roles. The GDP of Kenya was approximately USD 95 billion in 2022, making it one of the largest economies in East Africa.
- Agriculture:
- Agriculture is a cornerstone of the Kenyan economy, employing a large portion of the population. Key exports include tea, coffee, horticultural products, and floriculture, making Kenya one of the leading exporters of these commodities in the world.
- Manufacturing Sector:
- The manufacturing industry in Kenya is diverse, producing food products, textiles, chemicals, and consumer goods. The government promotes industrialization through initiatives aimed at enhancing productivity and competitiveness.
- Services Sector:
- The services sector is rapidly growing, encompassing telecommunications, financial services, tourism, and transportation. Kenya is recognized as a regional hub for technology and innovation, particularly in the digital economy.
- Foreign Investment:
- Kenya attracts foreign direct investment due to its strategic location and well-developed infrastructure. The government has implemented reforms to improve the business environment and enhance investor confidence.
- Economic Challenges:
- Despite its growth, Kenya faces several economic challenges, including high unemployment rates, income inequality, and vulnerabilities to climate change. Issues such as corruption and political instability can also impact economic development.
- Government Policies:
- The Kenyan government has launched various initiatives to boost economic growth, such as the Vision 2030 development strategy, which aims to transform Kenya into a newly industrializing, middle-income country.
- Sustainable Development:
- There is an increasing focus on sustainable development, with efforts to promote renewable energy, improve agricultural practices, and address environmental concerns.
Conclusion:
Kenya’s economy is dynamic and multifaceted, characterized by strong agricultural production, a growing manufacturing sector, and an expanding services industry. While challenges remain, ongoing reforms and investments in infrastructure may foster sustainable economic growth.
For more detailed information about Kenya’s economy, you can refer to resources like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
ECONOMY OF SOUTH AFRICA
Key Features of South Africa’s Economy:
- Economic Structure:
- South Africa has a mixed economy and is considered the most industrialized nation on the continent. The country’s GDP was approximately USD 350 billion in 2022, making it the second-largest economy in Africa after Nigeria.
- Natural Resources:
- South Africa is rich in mineral resources, including gold, platinum, and diamonds. The mining sector is a significant contributor to the economy, providing jobs and generating export revenues.
- Manufacturing Sector:
- The manufacturing industry plays a vital role in the economy, producing goods such as automobiles, machinery, and food products. The sector contributes significantly to job creation and economic growth.
- Agriculture:
- Agriculture, although a smaller part of the economy, is essential for food security and rural development. Key products include fruits, vegetables, grains, and wine. The government supports various initiatives to boost agricultural productivity.
- Services Sector:
- The services sector is the largest component of South Africa’s economy, encompassing finance, tourism, retail, and telecommunications. Financial services are particularly well-developed, with a robust banking sector.
- Trade and Investment:
- South Africa has established trade relationships with numerous countries and is a member of several international organizations, including BRICS. The country attracts foreign direct investment, although challenges like political instability and policy uncertainty can affect investor confidence.
- Economic Challenges:
- South Africa faces several economic challenges, including high unemployment rates, income inequality, and slow economic growth. Structural issues, such as skills shortages and inadequate infrastructure, also hinder economic development.
- Government Policies:
- The South African government has implemented various policies aimed at stimulating economic growth, addressing inequality, and improving education and healthcare systems. Economic reform initiatives focus on enhancing productivity and competitiveness.
- Sustainable Development:
- There is a growing emphasis on sustainable development, with initiatives aimed at promoting renewable energy, reducing carbon emissions, and addressing climate change impacts.
Conclusion:
South Africa’s economy is diverse and complex, with significant contributions from mining, manufacturing, and services. While the country faces various challenges, ongoing reforms and strategic initiatives may enhance economic growth and stability.
For more detailed information about South Africa’s economy, you can refer to resources like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
ECONOMY OF NIGERIA
Key Features of Nigeria’s Economy:
- Economic Structure:
- Nigeria is the largest economy in Africa, with a GDP of approximately USD 440 billion as of 2022. The economy is diverse, with key sectors including oil and gas, agriculture, services, and manufacturing.
- Oil and Gas Sector:
- The oil and gas industry is the backbone of Nigeria’s economy, contributing significantly to government revenue and export earnings. Nigeria is one of the top oil producers in Africa and a member of OPEC.
- Agriculture:
- Agriculture remains a vital part of the economy, employing a large percentage of the population. Key crops include cocoa, palm oil, yams, and cassava. The government has been promoting agricultural initiatives to enhance food security and reduce reliance on oil.
- Manufacturing and Services:
- The manufacturing sector is growing, with investments in textiles, food processing, and consumer goods. The services sector, including telecommunications and financial services, has also seen significant growth, contributing to economic diversification.
- Investment Climate:
- Nigeria is working to improve its investment climate by implementing reforms aimed at enhancing transparency, reducing bureaucracy, and attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). However, challenges such as corruption and infrastructure deficits remain.
- Challenges:
- The Nigerian economy faces several challenges, including high inflation, security concerns in certain regions, and fluctuations in global oil prices. These factors can impact economic stability and growth.
- Economic Reforms:
- The Nigerian government has embarked on various economic reforms aimed at diversifying the economy, improving the business environment, and fostering sustainable growth. Programs to enhance infrastructure and technology adoption are underway.
Conclusion:
Nigeria’s economy is dynamic, with its wealth of natural resources and potential for growth in various sectors. Ongoing reforms and diversification efforts are crucial for addressing challenges and sustaining economic development.
For more detailed information about Nigeria’s economy, you can refer to resources like the World Bank and the African Development Bank.
ECONOMY OF Kyrgyzstan
Key Features of Kyrgyzstan’s Economy:
- Economic Structure:
- Kyrgyzstan’s economy is characterized by a mix of agriculture, mining, and services. The GDP was approximately USD 8.2 billion in 2022, with a growth rate of around 4.5%.
- Agriculture:
- Agriculture is a crucial sector, employing a large portion of the workforce (about 25%) and contributing significantly to GDP. Key products include grains, livestock, and fruits, with Kyrgyzstan being known for its high-quality organic products.
- Mining:
- The mining sector is vital to the economy, particularly gold mining. The Kumtor gold mine is one of the largest in Central Asia and contributes significantly to export earnings and government revenue.
- Remittances:
- A significant portion of Kyrgyzstan’s economy relies on remittances from Kyrgyz workers abroad, especially in Russia. These remittances play a crucial role in household incomes and overall economic stability.
- Economic Reforms:
- Kyrgyzstan has undertaken various economic reforms aimed at improving the business environment, increasing transparency, and attracting foreign investment. The government has also focused on diversifying the economy.
- Tourism:
- The tourism sector is growing, with Kyrgyzstan’s natural beauty and cultural heritage attracting visitors. The country is known for its mountainous landscapes and outdoor activities, such as trekking and skiing.
- Challenges:
- Kyrgyzstan faces challenges including political instability, reliance on remittances, and vulnerability to external economic shocks. Additionally, issues such as poverty and unemployment persist.
Conclusion:
Kyrgyzstan’s economy is diverse, with significant contributions from agriculture, mining, and remittances. Ongoing reforms and a focus on tourism present opportunities for growth, but the country must address its challenges to achieve sustainable economic development.
For more detailed information about Kyrgyzstan’s economy, you can refer to resources like the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank.
ECONOMY OF Turkmenistan
Key Features of Turkmenistan’s Economy:
- Economic Structure:
- Turkmenistan’s economy is characterized by its heavy reliance on natural gas and oil production, which are the main drivers of economic growth. The GDP was approximately USD 40 billion in 2022.
- Natural Resources:
- The country is one of the world’s largest producers of natural gas, with vast reserves. Turkmenistan has significant oil resources as well, and these sectors contribute significantly to government revenues and export earnings.
- Agriculture:
- Agriculture plays an important role, employing a considerable portion of the workforce. Key agricultural products include cotton (Turkmenistan is a major cotton producer), grains, and livestock.
- Government Role:
- The government maintains a strong control over the economy, particularly in key sectors such as energy and agriculture. Economic policies often focus on self-sufficiency and domestic production.
- Infrastructure Development:
- Turkmenistan has been investing in infrastructure projects, including transport and energy facilities, to enhance connectivity and support economic diversification.
- Challenges:
- The economy faces several challenges, including a lack of transparency, limited foreign investment, and reliance on energy exports, which makes it vulnerable to fluctuations in global energy prices.
- Future Prospects:
- Turkmenistan aims to diversify its economy, reduce dependence on hydrocarbons, and improve the investment climate to attract foreign direct investment.
Conclusion:
Turkmenistan’s economy is predominantly driven by its natural gas and oil sectors, with ongoing efforts to diversify and enhance infrastructure. The government plays a significant role in economic activities, and the country faces various challenges that need to be addressed for sustainable growth.
For more information about Turkmenistan’s economy, you can refer to sources like the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank.
ECONOMY OF Uzbekistan
Key Features of Uzbekistan’s Economy:
- Economic Structure:
- Uzbekistan’s GDP was approximately USD 57 billion in 2022, with a growth rate of around 5.5%. The economy is classified as a mixed economy, with a significant state presence alongside a growing private sector.
- Agriculture:
- Agriculture is a cornerstone of Uzbekistan’s economy, employing about 27% of the labor force and contributing around 15% to the GDP. Key crops include cotton (one of the largest producers globally), fruits, and vegetables.
- Natural Resources:
- Uzbekistan is rich in natural resources, including natural gas, gold, and uranium. The energy sector is crucial, with the country being one of the largest producers of natural gas in the region.
- Economic Reforms:
- Since 2016, under President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Uzbekistan has undergone significant economic reforms aimed at liberalizing the economy, reducing state control, and attracting foreign investment.
- Foreign Investment:
- The government is actively seeking to increase foreign direct investment (FDI) through incentives and improved regulatory frameworks. Major sectors attracting investment include energy, mining, and tourism.
- Infrastructure Development:
- Uzbekistan is investing in infrastructure projects to improve transportation, energy, and communication networks, which are essential for economic growth and regional connectivity.
- Challenges:
- Despite positive reforms, Uzbekistan faces challenges, including high unemployment rates, the need for further economic diversification, and environmental issues related to the Aral Sea crisis.
Conclusion:
Uzbekistan’s economy is on a transformative path, with a focus on sustainable growth and modernization. The country aims to leverage its natural resources and strategic location to enhance regional trade and economic cooperation.
For more in-depth information about Uzbekistan’s economy, you can refer to resources like the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank.
Economy of Kyrgyzstan
Economy of Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan, a landlocked country in Central Asia, has an economy characterized by its reliance on agriculture, remittances, and mineral resources. Below is a detailed overview of various aspects of Kyrgyzstan’s economy:
1. Economic Structure
- GDP and Growth: As of 2022, Kyrgyzstan’s GDP was approximately USD 8.8 billion, with a growth rate of around 3.6%. The economy has shown resilience despite challenges such as political instability and external shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Key Sectors:
- Agriculture: The agricultural sector plays a vital role in Kyrgyzstan’s economy, contributing about 15% to the GDP and employing over 30% of the workforce. Key products include cotton, tobacco, fruits, and vegetables.
- Mining: Kyrgyzstan is rich in natural resources, particularly gold. The Kumtor gold mine is one of the largest and most significant contributors to the country’s economy.
- Services: The services sector is gradually expanding, driven by tourism and trade. The scenic landscapes attract tourists, contributing to the economy.
2. Employment and Labor Market
- Labor Market: The unemployment rate in Kyrgyzstan is around 6.5%, but underemployment is a significant issue, particularly in rural areas. Many citizens seek employment opportunities abroad, primarily in Russia, leading to substantial remittances.
- Remittances: Remittances are a critical source of income for many families, accounting for about 30% of the GDP. These funds help support domestic consumption and economic stability.
3. Fiscal Policy and Government Revenue
- Fiscal Health: Kyrgyzstan has faced fiscal challenges, including a budget deficit that reached approximately 3.9% of GDP. The government relies on international aid, grants, and loans from organizations like the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank.
- Investment Climate: The Kyrgyz government is working to improve the investment climate to attract foreign investment, particularly in the mining and tourism sectors. However, issues such as corruption and regulatory challenges remain concerns for investors.
4. Inflation and Currency Stability
- Inflation Rates: Inflation in Kyrgyzstan has been fluctuating, with recent estimates around 8.1%. The Central Bank of Kyrgyzstan has implemented monetary policies to manage inflation and stabilize the currency.
- Currency: The som (KGS) is the official currency. Exchange rate stability is essential for maintaining economic confidence and controlling inflation.
5. Future Prospects
- Economic Diversification: The government acknowledges the need for economic diversification beyond agriculture and mining. Efforts to develop sectors such as renewable energy, technology, and sustainable tourism are underway.
- Challenges: Kyrgyzstan faces several challenges, including political instability, economic dependency on remittances, environmental issues, and the need for infrastructure improvements.
Conclusion
In summary, Kyrgyzstan’s economy is primarily driven by agriculture, mining, and remittances. While the country has made progress in recovery and growth, challenges such as poverty, inflation, and the need for diversification remain critical areas for attention. With continued international support and investment, Kyrgyzstan aims to build a more resilient and diversified economy in the coming years.
For more detailed information on Kyrgyzstan’s economy, you can refer to sources such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank.
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